We live in a dangerous world. The figures for crime go up year by year. If you were attacked in the street, would you be able to defend yourself? Not very well probably, especially if someone was pointing a gun at you. We all see a lot of violence of films, but recently some programs on television showed how people can defend themselves without guns. For example, in one film a woman was attacked from behind. She threw the man, who was heavier and stronger than she was, over her head. Then she held him tightly on the ground. How? She knew Judo.
Jiu-jitsu, as judo is sometimes called, means "muscle science" in Japanese. The student of judo needs to learn a lot about the body, its bones and muscles. Judo uses a number of "falls", "holds" and "throws". Someone who does not know judo cannot defend himself against them. If you know judo you can defend yourself against a person who is stronger than you. You had better not practice judo on your friends unless they can fall without hurting themselves! Being strong is one thing, but using the body wisely is another. In judo, you use the other person's body to help you. You "throw" him to the ground and "hold" him there, so that he cannot move. Of course, it takes time and practice, but knowing judo is useful. In a violent world you ought to be able to defend yourself.

Question: According to passage, in fact "judo" is   _  .

Choices:
- the same as "Jiu-jitsu"
- a kind of fighting
- a kind of muscle science
- is helpful to a strong man

Question: Why does the writer say the world is dangerous?

Choices:
- The number of violence and crime is increasing every year.
- Because many people carry guns.
- Because there too many films.
- Because people are not able to defend themselves.

Question: Which of the following statement is true about the woman in the passage?

Choices:
- The woman held the man over her head.
- The woman was heavier than the man.
- The woman was able to defend herself.
- The woman attacked the man from behind.

Question: If a man knows judo, he   _  .

Choices:
- will be good at muscle science.
- will be able to avoid being attacked from his back.
- may defeat any strong person.
- can help himself by using the other person's body

Question: What's the best title for this short passage?

Choices:
- How to defend oneself
- Violence in films
- How to practise judo
- Something about judo


A good friend of mine was complaining about her son the other day."Did you notice," she started, "how he didn't wait for me to get my salad before he dove into his?"
True enough, the boy attacked his plate faster than a cat in the wild.Without manners, we're no more than animals.Actually, that's not true.I've been watching and feeding a group of wild cats, and they show unusual politeness toward each other.Even when food is _ , they take turns, leaving at least a small part for the next in line.
My mother educated her three children to have good manners all the time.We were made to feel very uncomfortable as if we were sitting on pins and needles until we got used to saying please, thank you, pardon me, and I'm sorry.And I have to say, while it was a painful learning experience, it was one of the most valuable.
I can't tell you how often I sat with my friends, eating at their dinner tables, and their parents thought highly of my good manners.While it was a little embarrassing, I knew even then that my mother's teachings were paying off.
Many years later, when I was attending seminars across the country, my manners were quite useful.
While I regret that I haven't been a perfect example, I'm still working on it.I suppose, in this regard, my mother lives on through me.I didn't have her beautiful singing voice or her green eyes, but she did make sure I received one of her finest characteristics.

Question: What did the writer's friend most probably complain about?

Choices:
- Her son's eating too quickly.
- Her son's not having a healthy diet.
- Her son's not having good table manners.
- Teenagers' not having good manners.

Question: We learn that the writer's mother   _  .

Choices:
- was strict about her children's manners
- never punished her children
- had beautiful blue eyes
- was not good at singing

Question: What does the writer think of her experience of learning good manners?

Choices:
- Easy and relaxing
- Painful and valuable
- Easy but useless
- Too horrible

Question: We can infer from the passage that the writer   _  .

Choices:
- is surely liked by everyone around her
- is not satisfied with most people's manners around her
- thinks she has been a perfect example to the young
- thanks her mother for teaching her the good manners a lot


They tell us when to get up or when we're running late for work and whether we are in danger of missing our favourite TV programme. But while our daily routines rely on clocks that tell us the time, science is discovering that our well-being is influenced by a very different kind of timepiece. Circadian rhythms---the human body's own internal clock---have a powerful influence on our health and behaviour. _ are programmed from birth and control functions ranging from temperature and blood pressure to sleep patterns.
In recent years researchers have also discovered that this built-in mechanism can influence everything from the way we react to medicines to how well we learn music.
The latest example, from experts at Harvard University in the US, shows that the human body clock can even dictate whether or not we are likely to tell the truth. Researchers found it was easier for people to fib  in the afternoon because, as they were tired, the self control that would normally prevent them from lying started to break down. Tiredness made it harder to resist the temptation to tell lies---especially if it meant they got a financial reward at the end.
"The body clock has a great effect on us all," says Professor Jim Horne from the Sleep Research Centre at Loughborough University. "Most people tend to feel good around late morning and then decline in the early afternoon. But the time most of us will feel our sharpest is between 6pm and 8pm. That's because sleepiness tends to build up throughout the day. By early evening our body clock kicks in to wake us up. One reason may be to ensure we get home safely. When our ancestors were coming home after hunting all day their internal clocks kicked in to get them home in one piece."
So what effects do circadian rhythms have and what's the best time of day to take advantage of them?

Question: According to the passage, when are people most quick-thinking?

Choices:
- In the morning.
- Around midday.
- In the late afternoon.
- In the early evening.

Question: What is the best title for the passage?

Choices:
- Rebuild your body clock
- Timing is everything
- Sleep more, lie less
- Your time is limited


Actress Hayden Panettiere recently got into trouble with Japanese fishermen as she tried to stop them from killing dolphins.
The 18-year-old star with some other surfers sailed out to reach the dolphins in order to stop them from being driven into a nearby pool and killed, but the six surfers, from Australia and the United States, were stopped by a fishing boat before they could reach them. The fishermen blocked their way with a boathook  . It was an ugly, unfriendly and life-threatening struggle before the surfers were forced to return to the beach. It is believed that the dolphins were later taken into a pool and killed.
Panettiere, who is a brave surfer and loyal animal protector, made up her mind to save the dolphins of Japan and said, "It was really frightening. Some of us were hit by the boathook, but in the end all we were really worried about the dolphins. It was so sad. We were so close to them and they were jumping out of the water to see us." Breaking down in tears, she added, "One little baby dolphin stuck his head out and looked at me and the thought that it's no longer with us is really hard to take."
The surfers left the country to avoid arrest   by the Japanese police. Panettiere is now back in Los Angeles.
More than 22,000 dolphins are killed by fishermen in Japan every year. Many Japanese believe dolphins should be treated like fish. They have been hunting dolphins for centuries and see any criticism   of this as an attack on their culture.

Question: Why did the surfers get into trouble with the fishermen in Japan?

Choices:
- They said something that hurt the fishermen.
- They entered a pool which wasn't allowed to go into.
- They attacked Japanese culture.
- They tried to stop the fishermen from killing the dolphins.

Question: From Paragraph 3, we can learn that Panettiere    _   .

Choices:
- was really frightened and sad
- succeeded in saving the dolphins
- cried when they were hit by the boathook
- didn't like the Japanese fishermen

Question: Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?

Choices:
- What Happened While Surfing in Japan
- Hayden Panettiere Cried in the Sea of Japan
- People Worldwide Are Against Killing Dolphins
- Protect the Wild Animals


Sir,
    The majority(=Most) of your readers must have been surprised and shocked to read a letter from Mr.R.Hogg,published in last Wednesday's Herald.Mr.Hogg seems to think that his own convenience and that of motorists in general are the only things that matter in our city.
    I would have supported Mr.Hogg if he had just made suggestions to improve the situation.No doubt his problems would be partly solved if the local government built a multi-storey car park in the city center,instead of encouraging motorists to use public transport.All the same,judging from the tone of Mr.Hogg's letter,I suspect that motorists who are so careless of pedestrians' safety that they would rather park their ears on the pavement than hold up the traffic would probably be too lazy to use a multi-storey car park if they had to walk a few hundred yards to their destination afterwards.
    My main reason for writing,however,is much more important.Does Mr.Hogg realize that,according to figures  showed by the Department of Transport,13,000 people were knocked down in Britain last year because of ears being illegally parked either on the pavement or on crossings? In fact,although the total pedestrian casualty  rate has fallen over the last ten years,there has been an increase in accidents caused when pedestrians have to step out into the mad to avoid parked cars on the pavement and cannot see oncoming traffic.
    I cannot share Mr.Hogg's view that the government have paid little attention to"long-suffering motorists":and I think the punishment for dangerous parking should be made severe enough to stop all motorists from breaking the law in this way.
A WALKER,
Proudfoot Lane,Carchester

Question: The letter above is written in answer to the letter by  _  .

Choices:
- art editor
- a certain Mr.R.Hogg
- some readers
- some motorists

Question: The topic for the two letters is  _  .

Choices:
- parking problems in the city center
- building a multi-storey car park in the city center
- public transport
- the increase in accidents caused by parked cars on the pavement

Question: What Mr.A.Walker does want to make known in his letter is that  _  .

Choices:
- the total pedestrian casualty rate has fallen
- careless parking may cause serious traffic accidents
- the convenience of motorists in general matters much
- the safety of pedestrians matters lithe

Question: In Mr.A.Walker's opinion,severer punishment should be given to  _  .

Choices:
- all the careless motorists
- all the law breakers
- all who step out into the road
- all who do dangerous parking


Have you ever wanted to feel like you were in a western film? Or maybe you wanted to feel like you were a pioneer traveling the west? It is possible to experience such things during a Wild West vacation! Here are four of the best Wild West vacation locations available:
Walk the Lewis and Clark Trail
Walk some or all of the 3,700 miles trail that was traversed by Mariwether Lewis and William Clark, two of the world's greatest explorers. Though not all the trails are marked, there are various stops that have been preserved by various historic societies. There is also a coach   that makes a 16-day _ following the trail. This begins in St. Louis, Missouri, and ends in Astoria, Oregon.
Venture Route 66
Take a tour or go to see it yourself -- ride on the famous Route 66. The road is nearly 2,500 miles long. Harley Davidson offers motorcycle tours that last two weeks. Route 66 will provide an experience that may only be found on the open road. The historic road is still well taken care of.
Visit the Grand Canyon
Visit the greatest canyon in the world, located in Northern Arizona. Raft down the Colorado River, or hike the various trails that run throughout the canyon. If walking is not your thing, there are donkey and horse riding adventures available. In addition, there are motorized boats that float down through the canyon in a week's time.
Visit Deadwood
Located in South Dakota, Deadwood is a historic landmark. It is the kind of town that comes to mind when one thinks of an old western film. Actors who act as gunslingers   will often be seen in the streets playing their roles. Winter activities are popular in this old town, and there is always something to do.

Question: Which of following riding adventures can tourists take on Route 66?

Choices:
- A horse riding adventure.
- A coach riding adventure.
- A motorcycle riding adventure.
- A donkey riding adventure.

Question: If you want to hike various trails you are advised to  _  .

Choices:
- visit the Grand Canyon
- visit Deadwood
- venture Route 66
- walk the Lewis and Clark Trail

Question: What do we know from the passage?

Choices:
- A number of historic stops aren't protected well.
- William Clark was a pioneer who explored the west.
- Western films are the most popular among Americans.
- None of the trails in the west are marked.


Alaska's Arctic lakes now freeze later and melt earlier in the year than in 1950,leaving them easy to suffer water loss from evaporation and possibly adding to local warming,a new study finds.The winter ice season near Barrow,Alaska,is shorter than in 1950,researchers reported Jan.30 in the journal The Cryosphere.
Lake ice is also thinner each winter.The scientists surveyed 402 lakes on the North Slope,where permafrost (permanently frozen ground)and shallow lakes dominate the areA. In 2011,the lake ice was 38 percent thinner than in 1950,and 22 percent fewer lakes froze through to their bottoms.
"When we saw the actual numbers we were shocked at how dramatic the change has been,"lead study author Cristina Surdu,of the University of Waterloo in Canada,said in a statement.Surdu and her co-authors analyzed the changes in lake--ice thickness and ice cover with satellite images and climate model simulations(satellite images are only available from 1991).
The climate models suggest the Arctic lakes froze almost six days later and broke up about 18 days earlier in the winter of 2011 compared with the winter of 1950."The changes in ice and the shortened winter affect Northern communities that depend on ice roads to transport goods,"Surdu saiD. For example,every winter,oil companies build roads over frozen lakes to carry supplies to Prudhoe Bay.
"The dramatic changes in lake ice may also contribute to further warming of the entire region,because open water on lakes contributes to warmer air temperatures,"Surdu saiD. The Arctic is warming twice as fast as the rest of the planet,for reasons that may include its layered atmosphere,which traps heat,and the loss of sea ice and snow cover,which help reflect the sun's energy when present.

Question: What does the text mainly tell us?

Choices:
- Arctic 1akes now freeze earlier and melt 1ater.
- Alaska's local warming is decreasing sharply.
- Arctic lakes are losing ice.
- Arctic lakes hold more flesh water than before.

Question: According to the text,the great changes of Alaska's Arctic lakes   _  .

Choices:
- are totally beyond Surdu's expectations
- are completely within Surdu's expectations
- come as no surprise to Surdu and her co-authors
- come as a great excitement to Surdu

Question: How many days was the winter ice season of Arctic 1akes in 2011 shorter than that in 1950?

Choices:
- 6 days.
- 12 days.
- 18 days.
- 24 days.


When animals and plants use color1 to be noticed it is called advertising color1ation .Advertising color1ation can be used to either warn or attract animals.
The bright color1s of flowers and berries are advertising color1ation that attract animals.Flowers need to be pollinated to reproduce.Bees and hummingbirds are attracted to bright color1s and will pollinate the flowers.Some pollinated plants will produce berries.These berries will turn a bright color1 when they are ripe.The bright color1 lets berry-eating birds know the fruit is sweet and safe to eat.After birds eat the berries,the seeds will pass through their digestive system and be left behind.Some of the seeds left behind will grow into new plants!
Color is also used to attract mates. Many male birds like the northern cardinal are brightly color1ed to attract females.Bright feathers can be a sign of how healthy the bird is! Female birds are naturally attracted to healthier males because their offspring will be healthier.Female birds are often less colorful. This helps hide them when they are nesting.
Advertising color1ation is also used to warn animals away.The ladybug has bright orange wings with black spots.Its color1ing warns meat-eating animals that the ladybug tastes awful. The striped skunk has white stripes that are a warning to meat-eating animals that they may be in for a nasty surprise if they try to attack.
Some animals,like the red-eyed tree frog,may scare prey away with their color1, Red-eyed tree frogs sleep during the day.If a meat-eating animal comes up to them and they open their eyes,the bright red color1 of their eyes might shock the predator long enough to give the red-eyed flog time to hop away to safety.

Question: Which of the following would the writer probably agree with?

Choices:
- female northern cardinal may have color1ful and bright feathers.
- Red - eyed tree frogs sleep during the day with their eyes open.
- the striped skunk use white stripes to attract their animals
- the color1 of the ladybugs tells meat-eating animals they taste terrible


Dave Bruno works as an online marketing manager. Several years ago, one weekend Bruno and his family did a major house cleanup and then donated several bags of unneeded items to the local Goodwill store. "After all were done, I looked around and realized that I still had too much stuff", says Bruno, " _ " That realization prompted the 39-year-old father of three to try an experiment, "The 100Thing Challenge".
With the goal of breaking free of what he calls a "bad habit of consumerism , Bruno was determined to live for one year with just 100 personal items. He cut down his possessions to 94 items, including a Bible, laptop, guitar, wedding ring, car and clothes. He created some guidelines for the experiment since his wife and daughters did not participate, familyshared and household items did not count as personal items. He also grouped together some basic things such as underwear and socks. Bruno began blogging about his new lifestyle and eventually wrote a book, The 100 Thing Challenge: How I Got Rid of Almost Everything, Remade My Life, and Regained My Soul.
Since completing the experiment, Bruno has continued to live by the motto: reduce, refuse, and rearrange and maintains just 110 personal things. " Nearly three years of living with a minimal amount of personal possessions, I'm no longer in the habit of consuming for the sake of consumption  ," he wrote in his blog last week, "That has freed me up for all sorts of better endeavors   than shopping--like spending time with family and writing a book and planning for business opportunities."
Bruno's project has also inspired others to live minimally, many of whom post their own 100 Thing Challenge updates on YouTube. "The reality is that the 100 Thing Challenge is surprisinglyeasy", says Bruno, "I'm  not saying there were no challenges or disappointments. I miss some things, but not that much. Frankly, it's far easier to live with less stuff than with excessive trash."

Question: The things were included in Bruno's 94 items EXCEPT  _  .

Choices:
- socks
- a Bible
- cookers
- a wedding ring

Question: What is the best title for the passage?

Choices:
- Live with 100 Things
- Defeat 100 Challenges in Life
- Survive by Your Motto
- Consume for Consumption's Sake


No one knows for certain why people dream, but some dreams misht be connected to the mental processes that help us learn. In a recent study, scientists found a connection between nap-time   dreams and better memory in people who were learning a new skill.
"I was astonished by this finding," Robert Stickgold told Science News. He is a cognitive neuroscientist at Harvard Medical School who worked on the study of-how the brain and nervous system work, and cognitive studies look at how people learn and reason. So a cognitive neuroscientist may study the brain processes that help people learn.
In the study, 99 college students between the ages of 18 and 30 each spent an hour on a computer, trying to get through a virtual maze  . The maze was difficult, and the study participants had to start in a different place each time they tried - making it even more difficult. They were also told to find a particular picture of a tree and remember where it was.
For the first 90 minutes of a five-hour break, half of the particularity stayed awake and half were told to take a short nap. Participants who stayed awake were asked to describe their thoughts. Participants who took a nap were asked about their dreams before sleep and after steep - and they were awakened within a minute of sleep to describe their dreams.
About a dozen of the 50 people who slept said their dreams were connected to the maze. Some dreamed about the music that had been playing when they were working; others said they dreamed about seeing people in the maze. When these people tried the computer maze again, they were generally able to find the tree faster than before their naps. However, people who had other dreams, or people who didn't take a nap, didn't show the same improvement.
Stickgold suggests the dream itself doesn't help a person learn - it's the other way around.

Question: It is a cognitive scientists job to study  _  .

Choices:
- how people dream and learn
- the structure of the nervous system
- whether someone is reasonable
- the process of understanding

Question: The purpose of the study attended by 99 college students is to  _  .

Choices:
- find the hidden tree in the maze
- test the design of a difficult virtual maze
- train people's memory
- see how dreams and learning are connected

Question: The better performance in working out the maze is connected with  _  .

Choices:
- how people dream
- what people dream
- when people dream
- where people dream


A pair of pandas being lent by China to Japan was set to arrive in Tokyo's Ueno Zoo in the Japanese capital and raising hopes that the animals may help improve bilateral  ties.
Bi Li and his female partner, Xian Nu, both 5, were  due  to
at  Narita international Airport in Tokyo on a flight from Shanghai.
Together with their keeper, the pair were transferred from Chengdu, to Shanghai on Monday morning, said Li Desheng, deputy chief of the Wolong Nature Reserve.
The pair, which are young adults, will be the first pandas at Ueno Zoo since April 2008, when the institution's beloved Ling Ling died.
Ueno Zoo had spent 90 million yen ($1.1 million) installing under-floor heating, a playground with a sandbox and landscaping.
The pair will dine on rare bamboo from the central Japanese mountain of Izu that is similar to what they are used to at home in China.
The zoo's first pair of pandas arrived in 1972, marking the normalization of diplomatic ties between the two countries.
Expectations are running high that the pandas that will stay in Japan for 10 years will boost the local economy and improve troubled relations between Tokyo and Beijing.
Business and tourism officials expect them to bring in around 20 billion yen a year, or 10 percent of the local economy.
In 1993, a year after Ling Ling arrived in the zoo, an additional 1 million people visited the attraction. Visitors have fallen to around 3 million a year from 3.5 million since Ling Ling's death.
Since a boat collision near the Diaoyu Islands in September, Sino-Japanese relations have been at a low point. The media outlets expressed hope that bilateral relations will improve with the arrival of the pandas.

Question: The passage mainly tells us    _    .

Choices:
- a pair of pandas was lent to Japan by China
- the pair of pandas from China brought hope of improving Sino-Japanese relations
- the normalization of diplomatic ties between China and Japan
- sino-Japanese relations have been at a low point since the Diaoyu Island incident

Question: en the pair of pandas arrives in Japan,    _    .

Choices:
- an additional 1 million people will visit the zoo
- they will eat what they are used to from China
- they will stay there for 10 years
- the

Question: According to the passage, we know that Ling Ling stayed in Japan for about    _    .

Choices:
- 5 years
- 10 years
- 15 years
- 20 years

Question: The arriving of the pandas is expected to bring several positive effects except    _    .

Choices:
- boosting the local economy
- improving the troubled relations between China and Japan
- bringing in around 20 billion yen a year
- attracting 3.5 million visitors from China


The interview had been going on for about 20 minutes and everything seems to be going well. Then,suddenly,the interviewer asks an unexpected question,"Which is more important,law or Dove?"
Job applicants in the West increasingly find themselves asked strange questions like this. And the signs are that this is beginning to happen in China.
Employers want people skilled,enthusiastic and devoted. So these are the qualities that any reasonably intelligent job applicants will try to show no matter what his or her actual feelings are. In response,employers are increasingly using questions which try and show the applicant's true personality.
The question in the first paragraph comes from a test called the Keirsey Personality Sorter. It is an attempt to discover how people solve problems,rather than what they know. This is often called an aptitude test  .
According to Mark Baldwin, many job applicants in China are finding this type of questions difficult. When a Chinese person fills out an aptitude test, he or she will think there is a right answer and they may fail because they try to guess what the examiner wants to see.
This is sometimes called the prisoner's dilemma. Applicants are trying to act cleverly in their own interest. But they fail because they don't understand what the interviewer is looking for. Remember that in an aptitude test,the correct answer is always the honest answer.

Question: The writer wrote the passage to  _  .

Choices:
- give you a piece of advice on a job interview
- tell you how to meet a job interviewer
- describe the aptitude test
- advise you how to find a job

Question: Why do the interviewers ask such questions?

Choices:
- They want to discover what the interviewees know.
- They are curious about the answers.
- They try to discover the ability of the interviewees solving problems.
- They just ask questions without thinking much.

Question: According to the writer, in an aptitude test, Chinese job applicants should  _  .

Choices:
- not tell the truth
- learn to tell what they really think
- be more enthusiastic
- try to find out what the examiner really want to know

Question: From the passage we know that  _  .

Choices:
- job applicants are always asked such questions
- more Chinese applicants fail to find a job
- applicants should not act as reasonably as a prisoner
- the aptitude test is becoming popular worldwide


A young man went to a town and worked there. He did not have a wife and a servant did the work in his house.
The young man liked laughing a lot. He nailed the servant's shoes to the floor on Monday, and then laughed, because he put his feet in them and fell down.
The servant was not angry, but smiled. Then the young man put brushes in his bed on Tuesday. The servant got into bed and hit the brushes with his feet. He was afraid. The young man laughed loudly again. Again the servant was not angry, but smiled.
Then on Wednesday the young man said to his servant, "You're a nice, kind man. I am not going to be unkind to you again."
The servant smiled and said, "And I'm not going to put any more mud from the street in your coffee."

Question: The young man went to a town   _  .

Choices:
- to study
- to work
- to see his relative
- to spend his holiday

Question: He played a joke on the servant because   _  .

Choices:
- he hated him
- he was not satisfied with the food the servant prepared for him
- he wanted to get pleasure
- he liked to show off himself

Question: When the young man played a joke on him, the servant was not angry but smiled because   _  .

Choices:
- he liked the young man' s action
- making the young man laugh is his job
- he was afraid to be fired
- he thought he shouldn't be angry with a child

Question: What did the servant do in return to the young man?

Choices:
- He stole something from the house.
- He gave a smile to the young man.
- He had a fight with him.
- He put mud into the young man's coffee.

Question: Why did the young man stop playing jokes on the servant?

Choices:
- Because the servant showed kind and nice behaviour to him
- Because the servant told him the truth
- Because he wanted to be a good man
- Because his father told him to do so


"A good parent" can be a confusing phrase. It is almost impossible for one person to be "a good parent" at all stages of a child's life. Some parents are at their best before their children begin to speak. Others are most successful before their children enter elementary school. Still others make their finest contribution to older children or teenagers. Every parent can understand one stage of a child's development better than another. It is hard for a person to possess superior capacities throughout the entire period of a child's growth.
A mother might be "a good parent" from her baby's birth until it is three; that is the period when it needs her protection and loving care. Then the start of her child's independence might upset and alarm her, and she might then become less helpful for a few years. A father might be awkward and uncomfortable with a younger child, but could turn into an excellent parent when the child is old enough to be taught the skills of cycling, fishing and so on, or to be taken on trips. Some parents feel easier with boys, and others with girls -- and then only at certain ages or stages.
It is important for parents to understand and accept their own limitations in these matters, just as they must accept the child's faults of personality and limitations of talent. Otherwise, fathers and mothers will feel guilty and blame themselves for weaknesses that may not be their faults. Much of the guilt experienced by modern parents comes from the mistaken feeling that they ought to be all things at all times to the child, which is clearly mistaken. In past ages, grandparents and uncles and aunts lived with the family, and provided different kinds of support; in our present "nuclear" family, too many roles are demanded of the two parents, which they cannot possibly fulfill.

Question: Confusion arises about what it means to be "a good parent" because   _  .

Choices:
- it is normal to be a successful parent during most stages of a child's development
- most parents are only good at helping older children or teenagers
- parents are usually at their best before their children go to school
- parents do not realize they cannot perform equally well through a child's growth

Question: Parents would feel guilty if   _  .

Choices:
- their children can't accept their own limitations of talent
- they realize their weaknesses in raising children
- their grandfathers and uncles and aunts don't live with them
- they don't know their limitations in raising children

Question: Parents of "nuclear" families sometimes feel at a loss because   _  .

Choices:
- they believe that such a family prevents the healthy growth of a child's personality and talent
- they dislike the support that other family members give to their children
- they do not always have the help of other family members in child-raising
- they no longer regard grandparents, uncles and aunts as good educators of their children


TANG Dynasty writer Du Mu once wrote in a poem titled Qingming: "The ceaseless drizzle drips all the dismal day; So broken-hearted fares the traveler on the way.Where can a wine house be found to drown his sadness ?A cowherd points to Almond Flower (Xing Hua) Village in the distance."
Qingming, the traditional tomb-sweeping day on the Chinese lunar calendar, falls on April 4 this year. Qingming Jie was proclaimed a Chinese national holiday in 2008. It is a time for remembering loved ones who have departed  . People visit their ancestors' graves to sweep away the dirt and get rid of any weeds. They also leave offerings   of food and flowers, and burn incense   and paper money. Chinese tombs are usually built in the woods or on mountains, far from the city. It is believed that an area that faces south, with many pine trees, is a proper place for a tomb. People believe such a place will make the ancestors happy, and in return, they will look after the living family.
Nowadays, more and more residents are choosing environmental-friendly ways to spend the holiday such as flower sacrifices and memorial ceremonies on the Internet or at home. As one of the traditional ways to celebrate Tomb-sweeping Day - burning paper or incense - isn't exactly good for air quality.
In contrast to the sadness of the tomb sweepers, people also enjoy hope of Spring on this day. The Qingming Festival is a time when the sun shines brightly, the trees and grass become green and nature is again lively. Since ancient times, people have followed the custom of Spring outings. At this time tourists are everywhere.
Many people fly kites on Tomb Sweeping Day. They are usually made from a bamboo crossbow with coloured paper. The kite vibrates and buzzes as it rises into the sky, counterbalanced by its tail. Large kites can be as broad as three metres across, with a tail of six to ten metres. Most kites have a rectangular shape, and many have patterns of crabs, centipedes, butterflies, dragonflies, or Chinese characters such as "good fortune" or "long life". (361words)

Question: All of the following practices are mentioned on tomb-sweeping day EXCEPT  _   .

Choices:
- Weeping over the passed-away.
- Flying kites made from bamboo and paper
- Sending flowers to their ancestors' graves.
- Burning incense and paper money for the dead.

Question: Which of the following is correct according to passage?

Choices:
- Du Mu ,the well-known poet in Song Dynasty wrote a poem about Qing Ming.
- Qingming Festival used to be a Chinese national holiday.
- People have the custom of flying kites on Qing Ming.
- Those whose ancestors were buried in proper places will have a bright future.

Question: The writer write the passage in order to  _   .

Choices:
- enable us to observe traditional tomb-sweeping day.
- show traditional and present ways to spend Qingming Festival .
- educate people to show their respect to the ancestors
- raise people's awareness of environmental protection.


Scientists are using a kind of eye-tracking equipment to learn how babies look at the world. In the lab, children 5 months and older crawl   and walk up, down and over adjustable wooden slopes  , gaps and steps.
It may seem like the set for a new reality television show, but there are no prizes, except perhaps for the researchers. They hope to understand what makes one child respond to another, how babies adjust their look to their hands and feet to handle objects, and how these very young children adapt to changes.
The findings provided by these eye-trackers suggest that babies may be more capable of understanding and acting on what they see than had been thought. "Quick looks at their mothers' faces may be all they need to get the information they want. They seem to be surprisingly efficient," said John Franchak who studies psychology at New York University.
Although sight might largely seem effortless to us, in reality we actively choose what we look at, making about two to four eye movements every second for some 150,000 motions   daily, said Karen Adolph, also a developmental psychologist at N.Y.U. "Sight is not passive," she said. "We actively adjust our eye movements to the motions of our hands and bodies."
Eye-tracking studies have existed for more than a century, but the instruments involved were typically desk machines. The wearable eye-trackers that Dr. Adolph, Mr. Franchak and their colleagues use are based on equipment developed over the last decade by Positive Science, a New York company, with money from the United States Naval Research Laboratory. They were designed to help scientists. Eye-trackers are currently being used in studies to learn the differences in how amateur and professional geologists   scan landscapes and how people examine signs when looking for exits during emergencies.
The researchers also found that during the studies babies looked at their mothers just 16 percent of the time. "That is lower than expected." Dr. Adolph said. A large body of past research has placed importance on children watching the faces of adults as they name objects to learn languages. These findings suggest children may not have to look very long to get the information they need, either from people or objects. This gives a new understanding of how much information they need, or how quickly children might process the information.

Question: How do babies get the information they need?

Choices:
- By using their own language.
- By looking at their mothers' eyes.
- By watching their mothers' facial expression.
- By listening to others.

Question: What does Dr. Adolph think of the result of the research?

Choices:
- Exciting.
- Unacceptable.
- Strange.
- Surprising.

Question: The text is most probably taken from  _  .

Choices:
- a website about relationship between mothers and children
- a science magazine about children's actions
- a book about how to teach children
- a newspaper about processing information


As computers become more popular in China , Chinese people are increasingly relying on computer keyboards to input Chinese characters . But if they use the computer too much , they may end up forgetting the exact strokes of each Chinese character when writing on paper . Experts suggest people , especially students , write by hand more .
Do you write by hand more or type more ? In Beijing , students start using a computer as early as primary school . And computer dependence is more widespread among university students . Almost all their assignments and essays are typed on a computer .
All the students interviewed say they usually use a computer .
It's faster and easier to correct if using a computer . And that's why computers are being applied more and more often to modern education . But when people are
computers increasingly , problems appear .
" When I'm writing with a pen , I find I often can't remember how to write a character , though I feel I'm familiar with it ."
" I'm not in the mood to write when faced with a pen and paper ."
Many students don't feel this is something to worry about . Now that it's more convenient and efficient to write on a computer , why bother to handwrite ?
Many educators think differently . Shi Liwei , the headmaster of a famous primary school in the capital said " Chinese characters enjoy both practical and aesthetic value . But those characters typed with computer keyboards only maintain their practical value . All the artistic beauty of the characters is lost . And handwriting contains the writer's emotion . Through one's handwriting , people can get to know one's thinking and personality . Beautiful writing will give people a better first impression of them ."
To encourage students to handwrite more , many primary schools in Beijing have made writing classes compulsory and in universities , some professors are asking students to turn in their homework and essays written by hand .

Question: Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage ?

Choices:
- The Importance of Handwriting and Typing .
- To Type or to Handwrite .
- Writing by Computer Will Replace Writing by Hand
- Practical and Aesthetic Value of Chinese Characters

Question: The students interviewed prefer to write using a computer mainly because    _    .

Choices:
- they are usually asked to email their homework and essays
- they can correct the mistakes they make quickly and conveniently
- they find it not easy to remember how to write a character
- computers have become a trend and fashion in China

Question: Which of the following statements is NOT true of the advantages of handwriting ?

Choices:
- Handwriting contains the writer's emotion .
- The writer's thinking and personality are shown in his or her handwriting .
- Handwriting can impress people well and build one's self-confidence .
- Chinese characters enjoy both practical and aesthetic value .

Question: We can draw the conclusion from the passage that    _    .

Choices:
- more and more students will give up writing on a computer
- writing by hand will give way to typing by computer one day
- more and more students will pay attention to handwriting
- the typing article better expresses one's emotion and quality


When you sleep somewhere else--like at summer camp or a friend's house--you know you're in for a fun time. It can be exciting to get away from the same old bed in the same old room in the same old house. But fun as this is, for some kids being away from home can be scary and sad. They want to go and have fun with their friends, but once they're there, they start to miss their good old bed, their good old parents, and all that everyday stuff at home. It's called being homesick.
Homesick means you're upset, sad, and maybe scared. But don't feel surprised. A lot of people get homesick, even grownups. When you're used to having certain people and things around you, it can be scary when they're gone. When you're dealing with other problems, you will feel homesick, too. Some kids may feel more homesick than usual if their parents are getting divorced or if someone they loved has recently died.
Here are some ideas to help you feel less homesick.
Bring a little bit of home with you. If you're going away from home, bring your pillow or pictures of the people you'll be apart from and look at them any time you want.
Keep busy. The more fun stuff you do, the less time you'll have to feel homesick. Try to join in activities wherever you are.
Stay in touch. You can make a plan for when you'll call your mom or dad. You can also email or text message to stay in touch with family and friends. When you do get in touch with someone, make sure to talk about the fun things you're doing!
Talk to someone where you are. Maybe you can tell a friend that you feel homesick. He or she might have some ideas to help you feel better.

Question: One feels homesick means he's not   _  .

Choices:
- upset
- sad
- scary
- full

Question: _   is NOT TRUE according to the passage.

Choices:
- Kids can keep touching with their family with telephone
- You can tell friends you are feeling homesick
- Bringing some familiar things with you can help to feel less homesick
- Only kids get homesick, grownups never feel homesick

Question: Kids won't feel homesick when   _  .

Choices:
- they are dealing with the problems
- the people and things they get used to are around them
- someone they loved has recently died
- their parents are getting divorced

Question: There are   _   ideas to help you feel less homesick mentioned in this passage.

Choices:
- five
- four
- three
- Two

Question: The BEST title for this passage is "  _  ".

Choices:
- Homesickness
- Why Do You Feel Homesick
- How to Be Less Homesick
- When Will Kids Feel Homesick


It's enough to give anyone an earache. Women spend an average of about five years on the phone during their working lives, research has shown.
    You won't be surprised to learn that women spend 18 months longer than men on the phone -- who only chat for an average of three years.
Both sexes make and receive almost the same number of calls -- 277,000 for men and 288,000 for women. But women spend 13,500 more hours in total on their conversations.
    More than half of those chats are work-related but people spend on average twice as long on a personal call (10 minutes ) as on a business one.
    Despite the explosion in mobile phone ownership, most people still prefer to use landlines, the poll   found.
    However, when people are tired of talking, the top excuse for getting a caller off the line is to say "Someone's at the door." Other favorites include "I'm cooking" and "I need to go to the toilet".
Eight out of ten phone users admitted not answering their phones on purpose if they did not want to speak to the caller.
    One in three people thought calls after 10 pm were unacceptable but a quarter of those polled said they did not mind calls up to midnight.
    Two-thirds admitted they had people in their address books who they should ring but never got round to doing so.
    Joseph Blass, managing director of telecom company Toucan, said, "As a nation, we love to chat on the phone but it is quite astonishing when we look at the total number of calls we make in a lifetime."

Question: According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Choices:
- Women spend about five years talking on the phone during their lifetime.
- Women make and receive the same number of calls as men do.
- On average, work-related calls are only half as long as personal calls.
- Usually a call made by a man is longer than one by a woman.

Question: From the text, we know that   _   .

Choices:
- calls around midnight are acceptable to some people
- 80% of people always refuse to answer a phone call
- people never ring the people in their address books
- Joseph Blass was one of the people who were polled


Music for Humans and Humpback Whales
As researchers conclude in Science, the love of music is not only a universal feature of the human species, but is also deeply fixed in complex structures of the human brain, and is far more ancient than previously suspected.
In the articles that discuss the field of bio-musicology, the study of the biological basis for the creation and appreciation of music, researchers present various evidence to, show that music-making is at once an original human "business", and an art form with skillful performers throughout the animal kingdom.
The new reports stress that humans hold no copyright on sound wisdom, and that a number of nonhuman animals produce what can rightly be called music, rather than random sound. Recent in-depth analyses of the songs sung by humpback whales show that, even when their organ would allow them to do otherwise, the animals _ the same choices relating to sounds and beauty, and accept the same laws of song composition as those preferred by human musicians, and human ears, everywhere.
For example, male humpback whales, who spend six months of each year doing little else but singing, use rhythms   similar to those found in human music and musical phrases of similar length--a few seconds. Whales are able to make sounds over a range of at least seven octaves  , yet they tend to move on through a song in beautiful musical intervals, rather than moving forwards madly. They mix the sounds like drums and pure tones in a ratio   which agrees with that heard in much western music. They also use a favorite technique of human singers, the so-called A-B-A form, in which a theme is stated, then developed, and then returned to in slightly revised form.
Perhaps most impressive, humpback songs contain tunes that rhyme. "This suggests that whales use rhyme in the same way we do: as a technique in poem to help them remember complex material," the researchers write.

Question: Which of the following shows the advanced musical ability in humpback whales?

Choices:
- They can remember complex material.
- They can create pleasing patterns of music.
- They can make sounds like drums continuously.
- They can sing along with rhythms of western music.

Question: What is the main idea of the article?

Choices:
- Animals are able to compose and enjoy music like humans.
- Human beings borrow ideas in music from humpback whales.
- Humpback whales are skillful performers in the animal kingdom.
- Music-making, an ancient activity of both humans and animals.

Question: The main purpose of the passage is to   _  .

Choices:
- argue and discuss
- inform and explain
- compare and advertise
- examine and assess


The historic center of Vienna has been added to UNESCO's World Cultural Heritage list. Thus, St. Stephen's Cathedral, the Imperial Palace and many other historic buildings are now recognized as being among the 700 outstanding cultural and natural monuments of mankind - others include the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur, the historic center of Rome, the Kremlin with the Red Square, the Chinese Wall, the Taj Mahal and the Grand Canyon.
Vienna's historic center, in its unity, is considered one of the most beautiful city landmarks in Europe. Three eras left their mark on the former residence of the Habsburgs: the Middle Ages with Gothic St. Stephen's Cathedral whose spire points toward heaven, one of Vienna's landmarks; the Baroque whose most important achievement is the Imperial Palace with its sumptuous cupolas  . And the Ring Boulevard era of the late nineteenth century, when such splendid buildings as the Vienna State Opera and the Museum of Fine Arts were built to replace the former city walls.
The _ of the center of Vienna is enhanced   by numerous churches, mansions and parks, as well as by rich art collections gathered by wealthy rulers. And the centuries-old musical tradition ranges from the Court Chapel of the Imperial Palace to Mozart's immortal   music and the waltzes of Johann Strauss. Also inseperably linked to the center of the city are the delights of Viennese cuisine, the gemutlichkeit of Viennese coffeehouses and nostalgic shopping at former purveyors   to the imperial court.

Question: Which of the following is not mentioned as cultural and natural monuments ofman-kind?

Choices:
- the Taj Mahal
- the Pyramid Fields
- the Kremlin with the Red Square
- the Court Chapel

Question: What is the passage mainly about ?

Choices:
- The universal value of the world heritage in Vienna
- Vienna's becoming one of the cultural and natural monuments of mankind
- The introduction of the historic center of Vienna
- The special culture atmosphere of the historic center of Vienna


Hi, everybody. On Friday, I had a discussion with working women in Rhode Island about the economic challenges they face in their own lives--challenges shared by many of you.
Thanks to the work we've all put in, our economy has come a long way these past six years. Over the past 55 months, our businesses have added 10.3 million new jobs. For the first time in six years, the unemployment rate is below 6 percent. And on Thursday, we learned that over the past six months, our economy has grown at its fastest pace since 2003.
But the gains of a growing economy aren't yet felt by everyone. So we've got to harness  this momentum , and make the right choices so that everyone who works hard can get ahead.
In recent weeks, I've talked about these choices, from raising the minimum wage to creating new jobs in construction and manufacturing. Today, I want to focus on what I discussed with those women -- the choices we need to make to help more women get ahead in today's economy.
Right now, women make up almost half of our workers. More women are their family's main _ than ever before. So the simple truth is, when women succeed, America succeeds. And we should be choosing policies that benefit women--because that benefits all of us.
Women deserve fair pay. Even though it's 2014, there are women still earning less than men for doing the same work. We don't have second-class citizens in this country--we shouldn't in the workplace, either. So let's make sure women earn equal pay for equal work, and have a fair shot at success.
Women deserve to be able to take time off to care for a new baby, an ailing parent, or take a sick day for themselves without running into hardship. So let's make sure all Americans have access to paid family leave .
Pregnant workers deserve to be treated fairly. Even today, women can be fired for taking too many bathroom breaks, or forced on unpaid leave just for being pregnant. That's wrong--and we have to choose policies that ensure pregnant workers are treated with dignity and respect.
New parents deserve quality, affordable childcare. There's nothing like the peace of mind that comes with knowing that your kids are safe while you're at work. And the benefits that children get out of early enrichment can pay off for a lifetime. But in many states, sending your kid to daycare costs more than sending them to a public university. So let's start demanding Pre-K for our kids.
And when most low-wage workers are women, but Congress hasn't passed a minimum wage increase in seven years, it's long past time that women deserve a raise. About 28 million workers would benefit from an increase in the minimum wage to ten dollars and ten cents an hour. And more than half of those workers are women. The local businesses where these workers spend their money would benefit, too. So let's do this -- let's give America a raise.
All of these policies are common sense. All of them are within our reach. We've just got to speak up and choose them. Because they'll build a stronger America for all of us.
Thanks, and have a great weekend.

Question: Which is the true fact according to the passage?

Choices:
- During the last half year, our economy has grown fastest since 2003.
- All of us have felt the gains of a growing economy.
- We have never fires any women because of her taking too many bathroom breaks.
- The local businesses will not benefit a lot because of the increase in the minimum wage.

Question: Which is NOT included in the new policies that would help women and working families get ahead?

Choices:
- Equal pay for equal work.
- Increase access to high-quality child care and paid family leave.
- Raise the minimum wage.
- Get rid of racial discrimination.

Question: The best title for this Weekly Address may be   _  .

Choices:
- Say no to sex discrimination.
- It's time to help women and working families.
- Let's build a stronger country.
- Equal pay for equal work.


More than 4 in 10 cancers -- 600,000 in the UK alone -- could be prevented if people led healthier lives, say experts. The population of the UK is about 63,000,000.
Latest figures from Cancer Research UK show smoking is the biggest avoidable risk factor  , followed by unhealthy diets. The charity advises people to live healthily, limit alcohol intake and do regular exercise.
According to the figures from 2007 to 2011, more than 300,000 cases of cancer recorded were linked to smoking. A further 145,000 were linked to unhealthy diets containing too much processed food. Obesity contributed to 88,000 cases and alcohol to 62,200. Sun damage to the skin and physical inactivity were also contributing factors.
Professor Max Parkin, a Cancer Research UK statistician, says, "There's now little doubt that certain lifestyle choices can have a big influence on cancer risk, with research around the world all pointing to the same key risk factors."
"Of course everyone wants to enjoy some extra treats during the Christmas holidays so we don't want to ban beef pies and wine but it's a good time to think about taking up some healthy habits."
"Leading a healthy lifestyle can't guarantee someone won't get cancer but _ by taking positive steps."
Public Health England says a healthy lifestyle can play an important role in reducing cancer risk. It says campaigns such as Smokefree, Dry January and Change4Life Sugar Swaps all aim to raise public awareness. It's important that we not only continue to make progress in noticing cancer earlier and improving treatments, but helping people understand how they can reduce their risk of developing cancer in the first place remains important in dealing with cancer.

Question: Which of the following is the third biggest avoidable cancer factor?

Choices:
- Obesity.
- Alcohol intake.
- Unhealthy diets.
- Physical inactivity.

Question: According to Professor Max Parkin,   _  .

Choices:
- it's OK to drink wine during festivals
- the causes of cancer are still unclear now
- unhealthy food should be completely banned
- a healthy lifestyle will protect us from cancer

Question: What's the main idea of the text?

Choices:
- Most cancers are caused by smoking.
- Cancer is greatly linked to our lifestyle.
- There are different factors that lead to cancer.
- Public awareness should be raised to prevent cancer.


Bernie was smart and wanted to be his own boss.When Bernie was 25 he took a wife. Bernie had saved some money and decided on a dry goods and grocery store combined.
              Marie had a knack for arranging the merchandise to appeal to customers and Bernie didn't mind the long hours. He was happy, and life was good.The business thrived until the great depression hit the entire country. No one had money to purchase pretty things or even food. In 1930, Marie had a heart attack and left Bernie alone.
              Following Marie's death, which Bernie felt was brought about from worrying about the store, He lost interest in everything. He had few customers and did not make them feel welcome, Bernie wandered about the store , dusting a bit and sweeping the floor. His inventory remained almost the same, as nothing much was sold .A deep depressing set in. He had lost Marie , his true love , and now his business seemed lost as well, Why did he want to live ?
              A few houses down the street lived a family who had also fallen on hard times. They seldom had three meals a day. Julie , the youngest girl, was fourteen . Julie worried about Mr. Mears' getting so thin. At meal time, she would take a portion of their meal to Bernie. She would stay and talk to him, dusting and cleaning .
              After several months Bernie began to improve. He still had no customers to speak of, but from what he had left in the stor , he would sack a few cans to take to Julie's family.
              In early spring, Julie saw her father planting a garden. This gave her an idea. She suggested Bernie making a garden in the big space beside the store, which they had once thought would become a parking lot , and sell the produce really cheap in the store. It would help the neighbors and also Bernie to have money for new merchandise. They would plant half the garden space now and half in three weeks giving them fresh produce for a long time .
              Julie prayed hard as they placed the seeds in the ground. When the seeds sprouted, Julie looked anxiously at the rows and there were no empty spots. They all came up and produced the best crop of vegetables Bernie had ever seen. They soon became well-known in the community for having the best prices and finest produce in town . They also extended credit to their neighbors and accepted various items as trade for merchandise.
              The two of them worked hard throughout the 1930s and made a very successful business. Julie earned a salary . As the economy picked up, so did sales at the store.

Question: What's the best title of this passage ?

Choices:
- Mears' Family Store
- A Neighbor of Mears'
- The Deep Depression
- Vegetables in Garden

Question: According to Bernie , Marie's death is mainly because of   _  .

Choices:
- the heart attack
- the position of the shop
- the hard work
- the worry about the store

Question: How did Bernie's business begin to improve ?

Choices:
- With the help of Julie's family
- By selling the cheap fresh produce and food
- By means of planting vegetables and fruits
- By providing customers with different services.

Question: We can infer from the passage that sales at the store has been   _   throughout the 1930s.

Choices:
- decreasing
- increasing
- changing
- reducing


You may have heard of the book Moby Dick(<<>> ), written by the American author Herman Melville. You may also know that Moby Dick is considered one of the greatest novels ever written. However, it might surprise you to find out Herman Melville was not always a highly regarded author.
Melville's first two novels, Typee and Omoo, were widely read and financially successfully. They were both exciting tales of adventures at sea and experiences with people in foreign lands. Melville became quite famous. However, upon the publication of his third book, Mardi, Melville's popularity began to weaken. He was no longer interested in telling tales of pure adventure, and his writing took on a style that alienated  the general reading public of his time.
Melville published Moby Dick in October of 1851. it was an original novel, combining aspects of sociology and philosophy, which confused readers by its complex symbolism. The book sold poorly.
Melville's next book, Pierre, was almost completely disregarded by the public. Debt frustration and ill health finally forced Melville to take a low-paying job as a customs inspector. Eventually, Melville abandoned prose  and began to write poetry.
The Civil War is the main subject of Melville's poetry. He and his brother made a trip to the front line, and he published a book of poems, Battle-Pieces and Aspects of War, based on this experience.
Melville died in 1891 at the age of 72. at this point, his work had been completely forgotten by the public. His talent was to go unrecognized for the next thirty years. Then, in 1920s, his reputation began to improve as critics and readers rediscovered his work. Today Moby Dick is one of the best-known novels ever penned by an American author.

Question: What were Melville's first two novels mainly about?

Choices:
- His travel experience.
- His successful communication skills.
- Adventurous experiences in the front line.
- Adventurous voyages and foreign experiences.

Question: We can learn from the text that Moby Dick  _  .

Choices:
- sold a little better than Pierre.
- was Melville's favorite novel.
- was copied from other books.
- made Melville popular again.

Question: The text may be taken from  _  .

Choices:
- a writing guide
- a literary journal.
- a science magazine.
- a critical book on literature.

Question: What is the text mainly about?

Choices:
- The main works of Melville.
- The skills in Melville's writing.
- The ups and downs of Melville.
- The reason for Melville's failure.


Black has long been praised for its ability to better women's figures and suit every occasion. But the color has a side-effect--it ages the face.
While black does give the appearance of a slimmer figure by making the shadows less visible, wearing it next to the face brings out a negative effect. Black clothing can highlight   dark lines under the chin, shadows around the eyes and wrinkles on the face. The effect can be as serious as making women feel exhausted, self-conscious and upset. Wrinkles and sunken areas appear deeper and more pronounced, meaning the effect is more obvious in older women.
Dark scarves, hats and high-collared coats are apparently particularly likely to emphasize aging features of the face. But fear not. The effect can be _ by a splash of color around the neck--in the form of a scarf or a piece of jewelry--or a low neckline.
Famous actress Joan Collins is among the few who can get away with the side-effect. But those who should consider changing their dresses include many European stars. The majority of women who have what is known as a "warm" skin tone, based on yellow and gold colors, will not look young and healthy with black against their faces. Warm skins do not match well with black against their faces as it takes away all the golden glow that they have as a basic skin tone. Black looks for dark things on the face and highlights them, particularly as women age.
The good news for those who like black dress is that a simple test can help determine whether they can wear black well: Hold the color up against your face, stand in front of the mirror and look for dark lines under the chin, shadows around the eyes or lines on the face that are highlighted. If there are no dark areas or shadows, you can probably wear black close to your face and look great. Otherwise, change your ways.

Question: According to the passage, wearing black clothes probably   _  .

Choices:
- makes the wearer less energetic
- gives away the wearer's age
- darkens the wearer's skin tone
- makes the wearer feel confident

Question: We can infer from the passage that   _  .

Choices:
- high-collared coats are not suitable for warm-skinned women
- a woman from eastern Asia may not look young with black against her face
- men with deep wrinkles would look unhealthy in black
- Joan Collins has a warm skin tone

Question: The black dress will be probably suitable for you on condition that there are no   _  .

Choices:
- wrinkles on your face
- dark circles around your eyes
- sunken areas that are highlighted
- dark areas or shadows on the face


Ten years ago,Morgan Zuch,a two--year--old girl from Long Island,New York,was diagnosed with leukemia .The day that Morgan's father Rod knew it,he made a promise,"If my daughter gets better,I will devote the rest of my life to helping others who are in the Same condition."
    Fortunately.Morgan recovered gradually,and since then,Rod and his wife Nancy,have been helping other families with cancer.stricken children through the Morgan Center.It is the country's first preschool for children with cancer.
    Because of the risk of germs, children with cancer are usually forbidden from playing with other kids.They must spend their days in hospital rooms or lying in bed at home.The Zuchs believed that children with cancer should have the opportunity to play,too.
    The center offers the kids and their families a safe place to connect with others who have the same problem.To reduce the risk of infections,the center's staff wash their own and the children's hands frequently,and provide each child with his or her own toys and supplies.
    "You feel like you're not the sick kid's mom,"said one child's mother,Maura Lewinger."It is nice because none of the parents at the center are alienated ."
    The Zuchs run the center as a non-profit organization and any family can bring their children to the center for free.Nancy Zuch works as the head teacher-with a little help from her daughter Morgan, now l2 years old.Today,Morgan is strong and healthy,and loves to provide support for the children who are going through the difficult time that she once went through.She says she wants to be a teacher at the Morgan Center when she grows up.

Question: The Zuchs created the Morgan Center  _  .

Choices:
- to help their daughter to realize her dream
- to invite other children to play with their daughter
- to build a school for their daughter and her friends
- to provide a healthy place for children with cancer

Question: What can we learn from the text?

Choices:
- The kids can share all their toys there.
- The kids can receive free medical care.
- The kids have to keep their hands clean.
- The kids' parents must pay for the supplies.

Question: Which of the following is NOT true?

Choices:
- Morgan has regained her health.
- The Center is run by the government.
- Morgan helps in the Center sometimes.
- Both kids and parents like the Center.

Question: This text is mainly about  _  .

Choices:
- Long Island's first preschool for kids with cancer
- the pain that the kids in the Morgan Center suffer
- the contributions Morgan has made to the Center
- the Zuchs,the creators of the Morgan Center


When Steve Jobs was born on Febuary24,1955, in San Francisco , California, his unmarried mother decided to put him for adoption because she wanted a girl. So in the middle of the night, his mother called a lawyer named Paul Jobs and said, "We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?" But his mother told his future parents to promise that they would send Jobs to college. After Steve Jobs graduated from high school, he went to college but decided to drop out because it was so expensive that he had to sleep on the floor in his friends' rooms.
At 20, he and a friend(Steve Wozniak) started a company in a garage on April 1, 1976. Jobs named their company ----Apple in memory of a happy summer he had spent as an orchard   in Oregon.
After 10 years of hard time and failures, starting from two kids working in a garage, Apple computer eventually grew into a big company with over 4000 employees.
At 30, Jobs , however, was fired from the company he co-founded. But after he had to leave the company, Apple was under heavy pressure from rival   Microsoft and in 1996 posted billions of dollars in losses. Apple needed Steve Jobs and he was appointed as Apple' CEO in1997. Under his leadership, Apple returned to profitability and introduced new products such as the iPod, the iPhone and the iPod.
Steve Jobs once said, "Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick, Don't lose faith. I'm convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. You've got to find what you love. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking.

Question: Steve Jobs didn't finish his college education because he   _  .

Choices:
- wanted to start a company.
- had financial problems.
- took no interest in his major.
- hated to share rooms with his friends.

Question: It can be inferred that Apple  _  .

Choices:
- was founded in Oregon
- developed from a garage
- had a difficult beginning
- had a successful beginning

Question: What can we learn from what Steve Jobs said?

Choices:
- Interest is key to success.
- Hope helps us succeed.
- Attitude is everything.
- Courage goes with confidence.


The first reality TV show in the world was called Expedition Robinson and it was shown in Sweden in 1997. Half the population of the country watched the final event and a new kind of TV program was born. Two years later in Holland , the first series of Big Brother was filmed. Again, it was a great success and the final program was watched by 15 million people. Now more than 20 countries around the world have Big Brother or Expedition Robinson on their TV screens. The ordinary people who take part in the programs are known by millions of people in their own countries and reality TV has become big, big business.
For the TV producers, reality TV is a dream come true because many of the programs cost nothing to make. At some point, the television viewers are asked to telephone the program to vote or to apply to take part in the show. It is the cost of these telephone calls that pays for the shows. One of the most popular shows is Pop Idol. In the show a group of attractive young people are made into pop stars. TV viewers vote for their favorite person on the show. The winner makes a record and millions of copies of the record are sold. His or her pictures are published on the covers of magazines or on the front pages of newspapers, and then, they are quickly forgotten.
But not everyone is happy about reality TV. In Portugal, two TV channels got into trouble because they showed too much of the personal lives of the people in the shows. In France, reality TV is called "rubbish TV" and the TV studios of Big Brother were attacked three times in one week. In Greece, Big Brother was described as " against human rights and civilization".

Question: Those who take part in the reality TV shows are usually   _  .

Choices:
- common people
- pop TV stars
- attractive people
- famous film stars

Question: Who would pay for the cost of the reality TV shows according to the passage?

Choices:
- TV producers who make reality TV shows
- TV actors who take part in reality TV shows.
- TV viewers who telephone reality TV shows
- TV companies which broadcast reality TV shows

Question: It can be concluded from the passage that   _  .

Choices:
- everyone is happy about reality TV.
- reality TV will do well in many countries.
- all the people in Europe are in favor of reality TV
- reality TV will not be broadcast in any countries.


Have you ever heard the saying " _ "?
Here is how a new teacher made friends with the girls and boys in her class on the first day of school. As the bell rang, the teacher smiled at each girl and boy. Then she said in a quiet voice, "Good morning. How nice it is to have all of you in my class this year. I'd like to know each of you. I am sure we will enjoy working together." Everyone felt that she meant what she said because of her sweet voice and her friendly look.
She told the girls and boys her name and wrote it on the blackboard. Then she told them some of the things she liked to do and she was hoping to do with them during the year.
Then she said to the class, "Now you know my name and the things I like and I want to know your names and the things you like. Then I will feel that I know you."
Could you make friends by doing the same as this teacher did?
One way of getting to know girls and boys in your class is to find out more about them. It is often easy to be friends with those people who have the same hobbies with you. You play the same games and go on journeys together.
You may find that some new comers in your class miss their old friends and feel strange and lonely. You can invite them to take a walk or to ride bikes with you. You will find many things in common to talk about. Just talking together in a friendly manner is one good way to make friends.

Question: The teacher's sweet voice and her friendly look   _  .

Choices:
- made every girl and boy happy
- told the girls and boys everything about herself
- showed that she would like to be a friend of the girls and boys'
- meant she wanted to tell the boys and girls something interesting

Question: A new comer will be your friend if   _  .

Choices:
- he always thinks of his old friends
- you ask him to do something
- he knows you
- you talk with him in a friendly way

Question: If you want to make friends with others, which of the following shouldn't you do?

Choices:
- Learn more about them.
- Go on journeys together.
- Find out your differences.
- Try to be the same as them.

Question: What is the best title for this passage?

Choices:
- How to Make Friends
- Teachers Can Make Friends with Students
- A Friend in Need Is a Friend Indeed
- How to Be Friends with New Comers


Just five one-hundredths of an inch thick, light golden in color1 and with a perfect "saddle curl," the Lay's potato chip seems an unlikely weapon for global domination. But its maker, Frito-Lay, thinks otherwise. "Potato chips are a snack food for the world," said Salman Amin, the company's head of global marketing. Amin believes there is no corner of the world that can resist the charms of a Frito-Lay potato chip.
Frito-Lay is the biggest snack maker in prefix = st1 /Americaowned by PepsiCo and accounts for over half of the parent company's $3 billion annual profits. But theU.S.snack food market is largely saturated, and to grow the company has to look overseas.
Its strategy rests on two beliefs: first a global product offers economies of scale with which local brands cannot compete. And second, consumers in the 21st century are drawn to "global" as a concept. "Global" does not mean products that are consciously identified as American, but ones that consumes--especially young people are linked across cultures by shared beliefs and tastes. Potato chips are an American invention, but most Chinese, for instance, do not know that Frito-Lay is an American company. Instead, Riskey, the company's research and development head, would hope they associate the brand with the new world of global communications and business.
With brand perception a crucial  factor, Riskey ordered a redesign of the Frito-Lay logo .The logo, along with the company's long-held marketing image of the "irresistibility" of its chips would help facilitate the company's global expansion.
The executives acknowledge that they try to swing national eating habits to a food created in America, but they deny that amounts to economic imperialism . Rather, they see Frito-Lay as spreading the benefits of free enterprise across the world. "We're making products in those countries, we're adapting them to the tastes of those countries, building businesses and employing people and changing lives," said Steve Reinemund, PepsiCo's chief executive.

Question: It is the belief of Foito-Lay's head of global marking that  _  .

Choices:
- Potato chips can hardly be used as a weapon to dominate the world market
- People all over the world enjoy eating their company's potato chips
- The light golden color1 enhances the charm of their company's potato chips
- Their company must find new ways to promote domestic sales

Question: One of the assumptions on which Frito-Lay bases its development strategy is that  _  .

Choices:
- consumers worldwide today are attracted by global brands
- local brands cannot compete successfully with American brands
- products suiting Chinese consumers' needs bring more profits
- products identified as American will have promising market value

Question: Frito-Lay's executives claim that the promoting of American food in the international market  _  .

Choices:
- won't affect the eating habits of the local people
- will lead to economic imperialism
- will be in the interest of the local people
- won't spoil the taste of their chips


During a state of deep relaxation, several physiological changes take place in the body: the body's oxygen consumption is reduced; the heart beat decreases; muscle tension and sweating ease, and there is decreased sympathetic   nervous system activity.This restful state not only allows the body to repair and restore itself, but it has a calming effect on the consciousness.
How to achieve this state of relaxation, however, is a matter of opinion, and in some medical circles, a matter of controversy.A recent report by Dr.David Holmes of the University of Kansas in the journal "American psychologist" said that simply sitting in an armchair has just as many beneficial characteristics for the body as meditation   does.Researchers of other relaxation techniques disagree.These experts believe that more structured techniques, such as meditation, lead to a condition of deep relaxation.
The debate goes on, but one thing appears to be clear: the relaxation response can be reached by a number of methods, and the methods themselves are not as important as _ .One day, one method may work best; on another day, an alternative method may be more appropriate.Once you are aware of all the methods, you can find the one that works best on you.
Some of the relaxation techniques are meditation, auto analysis and progressive muscle relaxation response.More than just sitting quietly in a chair, they have the added benefit of structure and discipline, and for these reasons appear to be more effective for most individuals.

Question: According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true when a person is in a state of deep relaxation?

Choices:
- The body takes in less oxygen.
- The heart beats less frequently.
- Muscles become tense and the body sweats easily.
- The consciousness becomes more or less calmed.

Question: People seem to agree that   _  .

Choices:
- sitting in an armchair benefits a person as meditation does
- structured relaxation techniques are more beneficial for a person
- to achieve a state of deep relaxation is possible through various means
- what people are all struggling for is a state of deep relaxation

Question: The author's attitude toward relaxation discussed in the passage is best described as   _  .

Choices:
- sceptical
- objective
- optimistic
- critical


According to the dictionary definition of 'create',ordinary people are creative every day. To create means to bring into being,to cause to exist something each of us does daily. We are creative whenever we look at or think about something in a new way.
First,this includes an awareness of our surroundings. It means using all of our senses to become aware of our world. This may be as simple as being aware of color1 and texture ,as well as taste, when we plan a meal. Above all,it is the ability to notice things that others might miss.
A second part of creativity is an ability to see relationships among things. If we believe the expression,there is nothing new under the sun,the creativity is remaking or recombining the old in new ways. For example,we might do this by finding a more effective way to study or a better way to arrange our furniture,or we might make a new combination of camera lenses and filters to create an unusual photograph.
A third part of creativity is the courage and drive to make use of our new ideas,to ask for them to achieve some new results. To think up a new idea is one thing;to put the idea to work is another. These three parts of creativity are included in all the great works of geniuses,but they are also included in many of our day to day activities.

Question: Which of the following activities is NOT a creative one according to the passage?

Choices:
- To prepare for a meal.
- To arrange the furniture in a special way.
- To buy some books from a bookstore.
- To write a letter with the computer.

Question: There is nothing new under the sun really implies that   _  .

Choices:
- a new thing can only be created at the basis of earliest things
- a new thing is only a tale
- we can seldom create new things
- we can hardly see really new things in the world

Question: What does the author think about the relationship between a new thought and its being put into practice?

Choices:
- It's more difficult to create a new thought than to use it in practice.
- To find a new thought will clearly lead to the production of a new thing.
- A man with an excellent ability of practice can easily become an inventor.
- One may come up with a new thought,but can not put it into practice.


Elizabeth Mitchell's new "Liberty's Torch" is the fascinating story of how the Statue of Liberty came to be. The Statue of Liberty's rough history is explored in "Liberty's Torch".
Frederic Auguste Bartholdi is an all-but-forgotten figure in American history. He was, however, responsible for one of the most enduring symbols of the United States: the Statue of Liberty. A Frenchman from Alsace, he designed and built the Statue of Liberty which stood on Bedloe's Island in New York Harbor. How this statue came to be is the fascinating subject of Elizabeth Michell's new book "Liberty's Torch".
The power of Mitchell's narrative is convincing . We recognize the Statue of Liberty now as a symbol of hope and opportunity for a nation of immigrants. At the time, though, people could not see that-nor did they even imagine that. Instead, the construction of the statue was born of one man's desire to set up a great monument.
For this reason, perhaps, "Liberty's Torch" relies on Bartholdi as the connecting thread. Bartholdi went to Egypt to make photographic copies of the main monuments. On the boat, Bartholdi met and began a lifelong relationship with Ferdinand de Lesseps, the man who would build the Suez Canal. Maybe it was this friendship, or maybe it was seeing Egypt's huge monuments, but finally the trip inspired Bartholdi's dream to create the largest statue ever built. Failure to bring this to completion in Egypt, followed by his exile   from Paris, led Bartholdi to sail to America.
By explaining the Statue of Liberty's hard history and showing Bartholdi's brave spirit, Mitchell has done a great service.

Question: It can be inferred from the text that   _  .

Choices:
- American people have never forgotten Frederic August Bartholdi
- the Statue of Liberty wasn't originally regarded as a symbol of hope
- Bartholdi finished the Suez Canal
- Bartholdi was a famous architect from Egypt.

Question: What was the main reason for Bartholdi to build the Statue of Liberty?

Choices:
- To finish his education in the arts.
- To mark his friendship with Ferdinand.
- To create something better than Egyptian monuments.
- To achieve his dream to create the largest statue.

Question: What type of writing is the passage?

Choices:
- A travel guide.
- A book review
- An announcement
- An architecture report.


For years, experts have been encouraging people to exercise, using steps as simple as taking the stairs instead of a lift and walking to work, where possible. A recent study _ this advice -- it shows that frequent active exercise throughout the day can have great health benefits.
The study, published in the magazinePreventive Medicine, found that just 2 minutes of stair-climbing several times a day can lower total cholesterol , raise HDL ("good") cholesterol and improve the heartbeat in young women who do not have much activity during the day."such improvements may have important effects on the health of women, since, like cigarette smoking, poor fitness have been shown to be a high risk for heart disease and death in women,"said Dr.Colin Boreham with the University of Ulster in Belfast, Ireland and the fellow researchers of this study group. Furthermore, improvements in total cholesterol levels achieved in the study could cut the rate of heart disease in women by a third, they noted.
The team of researchers from Britain studied 12 women between 18-22 years old, before and after the exercise program. The women used a public staircase for about 2 minutes a day for 5 days a week. Compared with a group of 10 women who did not take part in the stair-climbing program, the women who climbed stairs showed marked improvements in health and fitness levels after 7 weeks. However, they did not show any signs of weight loss."A short-term stair-climbing program can give great health benefits to young women. Stair-climbing may be a particularly suitable way of combining exercise with an individual's daily lifestyle,"they pointed out.
Experts advise visiting your doctor before beginning a new exercise program.

Question: According to the study done by Dr.Boreham and his group, improvements in cholesterol levels are important in   _  .

Choices:
- helping women to give up smoking
- enabling women to take exercise
- preventing women from having heart disease
- helping women to lose weight

Question: What would be the best title for the text?

Choices:
- How to Prevent Heart Disease -- What Do Doctors Say?
- Stair-climbing Attracts More
- Good Health Advice--take the Stairs
- Yes, Exercise Is Good for You


Sometimes it is difficult to talk to taxi drivers. They must give all their attention to the road as they work out the shortest way to the place where you are going. However, passengers from Wangfujing were in surprise when they took a taxi. The driver just would not stop talking - in English.
Organized by the Cultural and Education Section of the British Embassy, "Dare to Speak" examines if Chinese people will speak English in "real-life" situations.
Matthew Knowles, an acting student from South Carolina at Beijing Film Academy, acted the part as the "driver". He collected six passengers on Saturday morning, most of whom were female white-collar  workers.
"Of course they were surprised at first, wondering why I'm driving a taxi, and wondering whether this is a real taxi, but then most of them were pretty willing to speak," he said. Knowles said he was also surprised by his "passengers". "Apart from my first 'passenger', who could speak very little English, all the rest spoke English very well, and it was fun to communicate with them," he said, adding that some "passengers" were quite talkative.
The "foreign taxi driver" project was just one of the "Dare to Speak" activities, which have been going on since the end of October. Other projects included a foreign store owner near a high school in Beijing, a cook in a Shanghai university canteen. They were testing the willingness of Chinese people, especially students and white-collar workers, to speak to foreigners in English.
Rong Xin, senior manager of IELTS   with the British Embassy, said they hoped to let IELTS takers in China know that communication is the _ goal of IELTS.
"We hope that more and more IELTS takers in China can realize the importance of communicating in English in real life, instead of just getting high test scores," she said.

Question: Why did Matthew Knowles drive a taxi?

Choices:
- He took part in the project "Dear to speak"
- He played the role of a taxi driver in a film.
- He enjoyed chatting with people in English.
- He wanted to improve his Chinese while driving.

Question: The Chinese may meet and talk to   _   in "Dear to speak" projects.

Choices:
- a white-collar worker
- a foreign store owner
- a restaurant manager
- a high school student

Question: The purpose of the project "Dear to Speak" is to   _   .

Choices:
- attract more foreigners to start business in China
- draw Chinese people's attention to IELT
- remind language learners of the goal of learning
- give more chances for English learners in China


Parties held by the wealthy seldom welcome poor guests.But last week China made it through the doors into a gathering of the world's richest countries.
Jin Renqing ,Chian's finance minister,and Zhou Xiaochuan,governor of the People's Bank of China,joined a meeting of the Group of Seven(G7)on October1,2004.It is the fist time that China has had direct talks with the club.It was a good chance to share the world powers'thoughts about critical economic issues and _ understanding.
China'a participation is a natural part of its increasingly important role in the global economy.China is the world 's factory and the biggest market.
America and China made up almost half of global economic growth last year."If Anerican consumers and Chinese producers were to reduce their activities at the same time,global growth would drop greatly,"said the Economist,a leading British economics magazine.
Up to now chinese economic stability has been closely related to world development."The increasingly connected global economy means that China should be a part of the meeting."said Stephen Roach,a world famous economist.
During the meeting,China represented  developing countries.It callde on the world's developed nations to increase their  spending on aid to poorer  countries.Jin said that overall official help from developed countries is only 0.23 per cent of their Gross Domestic Product ,much lower than the 0.7per cent UN targert.And this should be changed.

Question: According to the passage,China particpates in the meeting of G7 because  _  .

Choices:
- China has become one of the richest countries of the world
- China is playing a more important part in the world economy
- China has more factories than any other countries in the world
- developing countries want China to speak for them

Question: Which of the following is true?

Choices:
- China's participation in the meeting of G7 is the first time that China has talks with the developed countries.
- The stable economy of China has done a great deal to the development of the world.
- The developed nations are trying their best to help the poorer countries at present
- America has as large a market as China has.

Question: From the passage we can infer that   _  .

Choices:
- Chinese producers as well as American consumers contribute a lot to the growth of the world economy
- the author doesn't think it necessary for China to participate in the meeting
- China produces a lot but consumes a little
- the economist thinks that American consumers and Chinese producers will reduce their activitres at the same time


Chinese President Hu Jintao, on his way to talks with President George W. Bush in prefix = st1 /Washington, on Tuesday met with Bill Gates.
After the meeting with Gates, the world's richest man, at Microsoft's headquarters, Hu restated that China would move against software pirates  all the time.
At Microsoft Corp.'s campus, Hu said on Tuesday he admired what Microsoft Chairman Bill Gates had achieved. He also sought to reassure Gates that China is serious about protecting intellectual property rights .
"Because you, Mr. Bill Gates, are a friend of China, I'm a friend of Microsoft," Hu said.
"Also, I am dealing with the operating system produced by Microsoft every day," he added, to laughter.
Gates responded: "Thank you, it's a fantastic relationship," and then said: "And if you ever need advice on how to use Windows, I'll be glad to help."
"Chinais focused on and has already accomplished much in creating and enforcing laws to protect intellectual property." he said. "We take our promises very seriously."
Hu also said he would certainly welcome a further increase in Microsoft's investment in China.
"I'd also like to take this opportunity to assure you, Bill Gates, that we will certainly honor our words in protecting intellectual property rights," Hu said.
In his brief visit to the Microsoft campus, Hu, accompanied by Gates and company CEO Steve Ballmer, saw some business technology demonstrations and toured Microsoft's Home of the Future, which features experimental technology that might someday be used in people's living spaces.
Following the visit at Microsoft, about 100 guests, including former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger and former Gov. Gary Locke, the first Chinese-American governor, were invited to Gates' $100 million lakeside house on Lake Washington for a dinner.
China has recently begun requiring Chinese computer makers to load legal software on their machines.
In Seattle's Chinatown, many stores hung Chinese and U.S.flags to welcome Hu, and many in the crowd outside the stately Fairmont Hotel on Monday night where Hu was staying were there to support the Chinese president.

Question: How many issues are mentioned in President Hu's visit to Microsoft?

Choices:
- One.
- Two.
- Three.
- Four.

Question: What measure is not mentioned to protect intellectual property rights?

Choices:
- Moving against software pirates
- creating and enforcing laws
- increasing Microsoft's investment in China
- requiring Chinese computer makers to load legal software on their machines

Question: What is the best title for the passage?

Choices:
- Hu Visits Microsoft.
- Protecting Intellectual Property Rights.
- Bill Gate's, A Friend of China.
- Americans Welcome President Hu.


Eighteen-year-old Dana Kiger is happily running after balls on the soccer field. But not long ago, she couldn't remember her love of the game, her parents' faces or even her name.
At 16, the Tennessee honor student and star athlete was hit from behind while playing in a soccer game. She fell to the ground, her head striking the hard ground. The blow knocked out nearly all of Kiger's memories.
With no physical  injury or unusual change in her brain, doctors thought Kiger's memory would return in a few days. But it did not. And two and a half years later, it still hasn't. Kiger--who has no memory of her family, her childhood or her life before her injury--has had to create new memories, restart relationships and relearn old skills.
"The only thing I had ...I could walk, write, but I didn't know what to write," Kiger said of the days after the accident. "Physically, I was OK, I guess, but mentally  I was troubled." Doctors say long-term amnesia  brought on by a less severe brain injury like Kiger's is unusual. "It's very rare for people to have this lasting problem with memory recovering," said Dr Roger Hartl at Weill Cornell Medical College.
Kiger's parents tried to help their daughter return to the life she once lived. "She didn't know what food was," Kiger's mom said. "She said, 'What is that?' I said, 'Lettuce." She said, 'Do I like it?' I said, 'That's up to you to decide.'"
Kiger's natural ability on the soccer field was the one part of her earlier life that died immediately. And soon, she'll begin a new life at Slippery Rock University, where she plans to study physical therapy . Kiger said that while parts of her past still remain a mystery, she's focused  on what's to come. "It is about my future," she said.

Question: What would be the best title for this text?

Choices:
- Parents Worried about Child's Injury
- Soccer Injury Wipeed Out Teen's Memory
- Teen Suffered from Bad Memory
- Doctors Helped Teen Recreate Memories

Question: According to the doctors, the case of Kiger is  _  .

Choices:
- natural
- frightening
- surprising
- common

Question: From the dialogue between Kiger and her mother, we can infer that  _  .

Choices:
- life was new to Kiger
- her family were united
- her mother was positive
- Kiger liked eating lettuce

Question: According to the text, which of the following is TRUE of Kiger?

Choices:
- Now she appears on the soccer field again.
- She has recovered from her physical injury.
- At age 16, she began showing interest in soccer.
- She will explore her past memories in college.