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How can inflation be contained and prices stabilized in the short and medium term?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "The idea would be to tackle the structural causes of rising prices, which lie in the budgetary imbalance and excessive tax pressure. The priority is a drastic reduction of unproductive public spending and the cessation of any new tax increases, in order to clean up the State's finances. At the same time, lowering tax burdens and removing regulatory obstacles to private initiative should stimulate production and investment. The objective is to no longer resort to financing that devalues the currency. Thus, this would make it possible to restore confidence and establish lasting monetary stability, based on strict budgetary discipline rather than on price control measures."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "The idea would be to tackle the structural causes of rising prices by restoring national production capacity and stimulating the domestic market. The approach is to direct public and private investments toward reindustrialization in order to substitute imports, while ensuring sovereign debt management to protect the economy from external shocks and financial speculation. Regulation of strategic sectors, notably energy, is an essential lever for controlling production costs. This supply-side policy must be accompanied by support for purchasing power to ensure a solid and sustainable demand. Thus, this would allow price stabilization based on real growth and greater economic autonomy, rather than on restrictive monetary adjustments."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "The idea would be to break with inflationary logics by restoring fundamental macroeconomic balances. The central axis is the rapid attainment of the primary budget balance, achieved through control of public spending and the end of exceptional regimes. In parallel, the independence of the central bank must be safeguarded by a new organic charter, with price stability as its primary mandate. This approach will be complemented by a swift unification of the exchange-rate regime and the lifting of controls to end distortions. Thus, this would make it possible to drastically and sustainably reduce inflation, by restoring the credibility of the currency and laying the foundations for a predictable economic environment, essential for investment and job creation."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "The idea would be to tackle the structural roots of inflation through a comprehensive stabilization plan, rejecting easy solutions. The objective is to restore confidence in a sound and strong currency, an indispensable condition for economic predictability. To achieve this, the approach combines rigorous monetary discipline and the pursuit of budgetary balance, achieved not through brutal cuts but through a rational ordering of priorities and the elimination of superfluous expenditures. Simultaneously, it is imperative to rebuild foreign exchange reserves and to establish a stable tax system that encourages productive investment. Thus, this would make it possible to break the inflationary spiral and to give economic actors the visibility necessary to plan, invest and create employment."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "The idea would be to break with speculative logic by taking back control of the economic levers to guarantee the stability of the population's purchasing power. The central axis consists of indexing monthly all incomes, wages as well as pensions to the real increase in the cost of living, while abolishing indirect taxation on essential goods. This policy must be accompanied by the nationalization of the banking sector and foreign trade to control capital flows and the establishment of price control committees. At the same time, the tariffs of essential public services would be frozen and external debt repudiated in order to free up budgetary resources. Thus, this would make it possible to neutralize the erosion of purchasing power and to sustainably stabilize the economy by reorienting it toward the satisfaction of collective needs."
}
] |
Which monetary regime should be adopted (maintaining the peso, dollarization, reform/abolition of the Central Bank)?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "The idea would be to permanently remove the management of money from the hands of political power, in order to guarantee a price stability that is not subject to budgetary vagaries. The most coherent and lasting solution is to abolish the central bank, the very institution that enables the financing of deficits through money issuance. This radical measure would impose strict budgetary discipline on the State, which would be forced to finance its expenditures through legitimate resources. Such a system would put an end to the manipulation of money for political purposes. Thus, this would make it possible to eradicate inflation at its source and to rebuild confidence in the economy on healthy and sustainable foundations."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "The idea would be to preserve monetary sovereignty as an indispensable tool in the service of economic development and social stability. The appropriate approach is to reject any form of dollarization, which would amount to renouncing economic policy instruments. It is about strengthening the role of the central bank in managing reserves and financial regulation, in coordination with a sovereign debt reduction policy that limits external pressures. The priority is to reinforce the national currency by grounding it in a productive economy and a strong domestic market. Thus, this would allow guaranteeing a stable currency, whose value rests on the strength of the real economy and the State's ability to pursue an independent policy."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "The idea would be to strengthen monetary sovereignty by endowing the country with a stable and credible currency, rather than committing to dollarization. The correct approach is to guarantee the independence of the Central Bank through a new organic charter, assigning it a primary and strict mandate to combat inflation. This institutional overhaul will be accompanied by the removal of exchange controls and the rapid unification of the different rates to put an end to distortions. Thus, this would restore confidence in the currency and give economic actors greater predictability, without relinquishing an essential monetary policy tool."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "The idea would be to preserve monetary sovereignty by restoring the value and credibility of the national currency, rather than adopting a foreign currency. The priority is to ensure the strength and stability of that currency through rigorous and predictable management. This requires strict discipline in money issuance, breaking with the systematic financing of the budget deficit. The action of the monetary authority must be refocused on its fundamental missions: preserving citizens' purchasing power and rebuilding foreign exchange reserves. Thus, this would restore confidence, the foundation of a stable economy and an environment conducive to investment and production."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee full monetary sovereignty by placing the financial system at the exclusive service of the national economy, in opposition to any form of external dependence. The proper approach is to nationalize the entire banking sector and foreign trade in order to exercise strict control over capital flows and to stop the flight of foreign currency. This reassertion of control, coupled with a break with international creditors, frees the economy from external conditionalities and preserves foreign exchange reserves. Thus, it would make it possible to stabilize the national currency by protecting it from speculation and to redirect credit toward the country's productive and social priorities."
}
] |
What strategy regarding the debt and the agreement with the IMF?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "The idea would be to treat over-indebtedness as a symptom of chronic fiscal irresponsibility, and not as a problem to be resolved through external negotiations. The absolute priority is to implement a unilateral and rigorous fiscal consolidation plan, based on a drastic reduction in public spending and structural reforms of the State. The objective is not to seek new terms, but to demonstrate a restored repayment capacity thanks to a primary surplus. Respect for commitments becomes the consequence of sound management, not the other way around. Thus, this would restore confidence, regain voluntary access to credit markets and end the cycle of indebtedness and bailouts."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "The idea would be to pursue sovereign management of debt, subordinating it to the objectives of economic growth and national development. The approach is to renegotiate existing agreements to align maturities with actual repayment capacity, without imposing sacrifices on the population or hampering productive activity. The central focus is to refuse conditions that hinder development and to defend the national interest against speculative creditors. Any new borrowing must be conditioned on being directed toward productive projects and not merely on covering deficits. Thus, this would make it possible to restore political autonomy and to free up the budgetary leeway necessary to finance the country's economic and social development."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "The idea would be to restore the country's credibility to ensure debt sustainability by addressing the internal causes of indebtedness rather than focusing on its renegotiation. The absolute priority is to achieve a primary budget balance through a rationalization of public spending and the implementation of structural reforms that unlock the economy's productive and export potential. This rigorous and credible internal stabilization plan must form the foundation of the relationship with international creditors. In this way, it would enable a move away from a logic of dependence toward establishing a lasting relationship of trust, where compliance with commitments stems from the strength of the national economy rather than external constraints."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "The idea would be to build a sustainable debt management strategy based on restoring national credibility, in order to break out of a cycle of recurrent crises. The central pillar is to implement a comprehensive and credible stabilization program, structured around a sustainable fiscal balance and prudent monetary management. It is on the basis of this sovereign internal plan, and not on externally imposed adjustments, that financial commitments must be redefined. The objective is to align maturities with the real growth capacity of the economy, through constructive dialogue with creditors. Thus, this would make it possible to achieve long-term debt sustainability, to restore access to international financing on reasonable terms, and to free up resources for productive investment."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "The idea would be to restore economic and budgetary sovereignty by unilaterally breaking with international creditors and their conditionalities. The central approach consists of declaring an immediate suspension of payments and repudiating the external debt, considered illegitimate, which effectively cancels the agreement in force. This decision must be secured by nationalizing the banking sector and foreign trade in order to prevent capital flight and to guarantee national control over strategic resources. Thus, this would free up massive budgetary resources to redirect them toward financing wages, public services, and domestic production, instead of allocating them to servicing a debt deemed fraudulent."
}
] |
Should subsidies to public services (energy, transport) be maintained, targeted or reduced?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "The idea would be to end the system of widespread subsidies, which distorts price signals and constitutes an unsustainable burden on public finances. The approach consists of their gradual but complete removal, so that energy and transport tariffs reflect their real costs of production and distribution. This approach is a non-negotiable pillar of fiscal consolidation, because it eliminates a major source of unproductive spending and state interventionism. The objective is to free up resources while encouraging more rational consumption. Thus, this would make it possible to achieve budgetary balance and to encourage companies in the sector to invest to improve their efficiency without depending on state aid."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "The idea would be to design subsidies for essential services not as a burden, but as a strategic lever of social justice and economic competitiveness. The right approach is to maintain a system of tariff compensations to guarantee reasonable and predictable rates. This mechanism protects households' purchasing power, particularly the most modest, and ensures control of logistical and energy costs for the national productive apparatus. It is a deliberate income-redistribution tool, essential to the proper functioning of the domestic market. Thus, it would make it possible to guarantee universal access to these fundamental public services, while stimulating demand and strengthening social and territorial cohesion."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "The idea would be to move away from a system of widespread subsidies to restore the truth of prices and budgetary balance. The right approach is to undertake a rationalization of public aid, particularly in the energy and transport sectors, so that tariffs progressively reflect the real costs of production and distribution. This effort is part of an overall policy of expenditure control and the elimination of exceptional regimes that feed the structural deficit. Thus, it would make it possible to sustainably clean up public finances, encourage more responsible consumption, and encourage a more efficient allocation of resources in the economy by ending costly distortions."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "The idea would be to replace the current subsidy regime, a source of budgetary imbalance and territorial inequity, with a rational and transparent mechanism. The priority is to apply a strictly federal management criterion to transport and energy so that resources and aid are distributed fairly across the entire territory. This reorientation must be carried out in an orderly manner, based on a clear ranking of priorities and not on abrupt budget cuts, in a break with centralist logic. Thus, this would make it possible to correct the deep asymmetries that hinder the harmonious development of the country, while contributing to the consolidation of a sustainable budgetary balance."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "The idea would be to treat access to energy and transport not as a commodity subject to the market, but as a fundamental right for all households. The priority measure is the outright cancellation of all tariff increases. To achieve this, the approach consists of nationalizing the entirety of the privatized companies in the energy and transport sectors, placing them under the direct control of workers and users. The financing of these essential services would then be ensured by a national plan guaranteeing universal access at low cost. Thus, this would allow these sectors to be removed from the logic of profit and to ensure a stable public service accessible to the entire population, permanently protecting the population from price volatility."
}
] |
What income and employment policy to protect purchasing power and reduce poverty?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "The idea would be to replace the culture of welfare dependency with that of work and merit, because only productive employment can guarantee a lasting increase in purchasing power. The central focus is a deep reform of labor legislation to make hiring more flexible and reduce informal employment, accompanied by a significant reduction in the burdens that weigh on production. Layoff plans will be progressively replaced by a temporary aid system, strictly conditional on a service obligation and aimed at rapid integration into the labor market. Thus, this would make it possible to structurally reduce poverty by restoring dignity through work and ensuring genuine social mobility."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "The idea would be to restore the centrality of work as the primary instrument of social integration and distribution of wealth. The central axis relies on revitalizing annual collective bargaining and the continuous upward adjustment of the minimum wage to guarantee a decent income floor and a fair share of the value produced. In parallel, an active industrial policy must aim for full employment by creating quality jobs and combating informality. This foundation is complemented by universal allowances that ensure the fundamental rights of children and adolescents. Thus, this would help stimulate a virtuous circle in which production is driven by robust domestic demand, ensuring a structural reduction in poverty."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "The idea would be to make formal work the pillar of protecting purchasing power and combating poverty, by restoring its ability to generate a decent income. The approach involves removing barriers to hiring, notably for small businesses, and deploying a new legal and fiscal framework to integrate the vast informal sector into the economy. At the same time, social programs will be profoundly transformed to become direct, temporary assistance conditioned on training or job seeking, eliminating any intermediation. Thus, this would make it possible to replace a logic of assistance with a dynamic of social mobility, by addressing the structural causes of poverty through the creation of quality jobs."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "The idea would be to rebuild social policy by replacing a logic of assistance with a strategy focused on the creation of decent work, the only true lever for protecting purchasing power. The priority is to restore upward social mobility by making job creation the engine of the fight against poverty. To achieve this, it is essential to initiate a process of progressively integrating the millions of informal workers into quality, registered positions with fair wages. At the same time, access to emergency social programs must be guaranteed without any political or sectoral intermediation in order to put an end to clientelist practices. Thus, this would structurally reduce poverty and ensure a lasting improvement in purchasing power based on work and productivity, not on dependency."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "The idea would be to establish a comprehensive material security for all workers, active as well as retired, by guaranteeing both the level of incomes and employment stability. The central axis is to establish a minimum wage and a floor pension equivalent to the real cost of living, with a systematic monthly indexation of all incomes to inflation. This protection of purchasing power is complemented by the elimination of income tax on wages and VAT on essential goods. On the employment front, the strategy rests on the formal prohibition of layoffs, coupled with a reduction in working hours without loss of pay to achieve full employment and generalize permanent contracts. Thus, this would make it possible to eradicate poverty by ensuring that every income covers essential needs, while eliminating unemployment and precariousness through a complete reorganization of the labor market."
}
] |
What tax reform (taxes, export taxes) would stimulate production without deteriorating public finances?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "The idea would be to undertake a massive reduction of the tax burden in order to free up investment and production, financing it not by debt but by a rigorous budgetary austerity program that targets the state's unproductive expenditures. This approach involves the elimination of taxes that penalize exports and a general relief of taxes on economic activity. The balance of public accounts must stem from expenditure discipline, and not from confiscatory levies that stifle private initiative. Thus, this would create a virtuous circle in which the reduction of state pressure stimulates growth, which naturally expands the taxable base in the long term."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "The idea would be to conceive taxation as a strategic instrument to steer the development model, prioritizing added value and domestic production. The right approach is to maintain a system of levies on exports of raw materials, the revenues of which are reinvested in a targeted manner into infrastructure and support for small and medium-sized production. This redistribution of extraordinary rents is an essential lever to finance the diversification of the productive apparatus and to ensure the balance of the accounts. Fiscal policy should thus favor industrial investment rather than speculation. In this way, it would make it possible to guarantee solid and predictable public revenues, not by restraining activity, but by accompanying a more balanced and sovereign economic growth."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "The idea would be to reconfigure the tax system so that it stops penalizing production and investment, by embedding this reform within a framework of strict budgetary discipline. The right approach is to undertake a responsible and gradual reduction of the most punitive taxes, giving priority to the alleviation of taxes on exports, taxes on turnover and charges weighing on formal employment. This development is inseparable from achieving a primary budget balance, obtained through a rationalization of public spending. Thus, this would make it possible to restore the economy's competitiveness, stimulate investment and encourage job creation, without compromising the necessary sustainability of public finances."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "The idea would be to undertake a structural reform of the tax system so that it stops penalizing production and becomes a lever for growth. The priority is to establish a simplified, stable and progressive tax regime that encourages productive investment and job creation. This implies a flagship measure: the gradual and total elimination of export taxes. In parallel, specific tax incentives will be created for SMEs that reinvest their profits. The balance of public accounts will be achieved not through abrupt adjustments, but through a rationalization of expenditures and, above all, through the broadening of the tax base generated by economic growth. Thus, this would make it possible to stimulate supply, formalize the economy and ensure sustainable budgetary consolidation based on increased production rather than on excessive tax pressure."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "The idea would be to carry out a complete overhaul of the tax system so that it stops weighing on consumption and labor, and becomes a lever for financing the State through the contribution of the largest fortunes and capital profits. The approach is to entirely abolish payroll taxes and VAT applied to essential goods. In parallel, public accounts would be consolidated by introducing progressive taxes on large fortunes, extraordinary levies on the profits of major capitalist groups, and deterrent taxation on vacant housing. Control of export revenues would be guaranteed not by taxes, but by the nationalization of foreign trade. Thus, this would make it possible to support domestic demand by increasing popular purchasing power, while ensuring robust and sustainable public revenues based on accumulated wealth and speculative profits rather than on production."
}
] |
What place for privatizations and for public enterprises (e.g. YPF, Aerolíneas)?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "The idea would be to remove the State from all commercial and productive activities that do not fall within its fundamental missions, because its presence there is a source of inefficiency, deficit and distortion of competition. The proper approach is to transfer to the private sector all public enterprises operating in competitive markets, via a transparent privatization program. For other areas, the use of outsourcing of services must be systematic in order to reduce the scope of the administration. This is not about reforming state management, but about replacing it with the discipline and efficiency of the private sector. Thus, this would make it possible to drastically reduce public spending, eliminate significant sources of clientelism and improve the quality of services offered to citizens thanks to competition."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "The idea would be to strengthen the role of the State as a direct economic actor in vital sectors, by consolidating public enterprises as pillars of sovereignty and development. The right approach is to rule out any logic of privatization and to consolidate state management of strategic assets, notably in energy and transport. These enterprises must not be guided solely by profit, but by objectives of national planning, security of supply and territorial connectivity. Their direct management by the State is the condition for directing investments toward the long term and guaranteeing a universal service. Thus, this would ensure that the key sectors of the economy respond to the general interest and contribute to a more autonomous industrial development and to better territorial integration."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "The idea would be to put an end to the systematic deficit approach of public enterprises by subjecting them to a requirement of performance and self-financing. The right approach is to place them under professional supervision, independent of any political interference, with a mandate to generate value. Their management will be required to meet precise, measurable and comparable economic performance objectives, as well as standards of transparency and integrity equivalent to those of companies listed on the stock exchange. In this way, it would eliminate the need for national subsidies to cover their losses, and transform them into high-performing assets contributing to collective wealth rather than a burden on the taxpayer."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "The idea would be to redefine the scope of the State's intervention to refocus it on its strategic functions and the creation of a framework conducive to private investment. The objective is not to directly manage the economy, but to unleash the potential of the national productive sector. The priority is to ensure clear rules of the game and legal certainty that encourage the creation and development of businesses. Public action should concentrate on its essential missions and on building an ecosystem favorable to innovation, acting as a partner to the private sector rather than as a competing economic actor. This would allow for a more efficient allocation of resources, a sustainable stimulation of investment, and economic growth driven by production and competitiveness."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "The idea would be to reverse the privatization process by reclaiming public control of all strategic sectors of the economy. The central approach consists of nationalizing, without compensation, the entirety of privatized companies, notably in the areas of energy (oil, gas), transport (rail, ports), finance and foreign trade. The fundamental point of this approach is that the management of these now-public companies would not be entrusted to a state bureaucracy, but directly to their workers, in coordination with users' committees. Thus, this would guarantee that the nation's economic levers are oriented toward meeting collective needs and national development, rather than toward the maximization of private profits."
}
] |
What security policy in the face of crime and drug trafficking (e.g. Rosario)?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "The idea would be to reaffirm the protection of the physical integrity of citizens as the primary and non-negotiable mission of the State. To achieve this, all necessary resources and means must be mobilized to carry out a frontal and uncompromising fight against delinquency and drug trafficking. The approach consists of fully using the monopoly on legitimate force to dismantle criminal networks, guarantee the integrity of persons and their property, and break with any form of laxity. It is a matter of making the reassertion of control over the territory an absolute operational priority. Thus, this would make it possible to restore the authority of the State over the entire territory and to ensure effective protection of citizens, putting an end to the grip of criminal organizations."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "The idea would be to break with a purely repressive approach in order to adopt a comprehensive perspective on security, addressing both the symptoms and the root causes of violence. The approach consists of articulating active social inclusion policies with increased professionalization of law enforcement, under strict political oversight. Investment in equipment and technologies must be accompanied by training focused on prevention, community dialogue, and the absolute respect for human rights. Coordination between the different levels of the State and social policies is a central axis of this strategy. Thus, this would allow the construction of a safer society by tackling the roots of crime, and not solely its manifestations."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "The idea would be to regain the initiative against organized crime by combining a judicial action targeted at financial flows and a deterrent presence on the ground. The right approach is to redeploy federal forces to the most critical areas, such as Rosario, and to mobilize the armed forces for logistical support missions in order to optimize operational deployment. At the same time, the effort will focus on dismantling asset laundering circuits and strengthening control of strategic axes, such as waterways. Thus, this would allow the long-term dismantling of criminal organizations by attacking them simultaneously on their sources of revenue and their territorial control, thereby restoring the authority of the State and the security of citizens."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "The idea would be to break with a fragmented approach by deploying a comprehensive strategy to dismantle organized crime and restore the authority of the State across the entire territory. The priority is to move from a logic of mere reaction to a policy of prevention and the dismantling of criminal networks. To achieve this, action must rely on strengthened coordination between the federal forces, the judiciary and the various agencies of the State, by modernizing criminal intelligence and the economic analysis of offenses. It is imperative to deploy more federal personnel to secure the borders and to undertake a reform of the justice system to make it more effective, with the establishment of an accusatory system and popular juries. Thus, this would make it possible to dismantle criminal organizations by targeting their financial and logistical flows, and to guarantee a secure public space for all citizens."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "The idea would be to replace the repressive approach with a security policy based on eradicating the social and economic causes of crime, considering that the violence of state institutions is an integral part of the problem. The priority approach consists of withdrawing police and gendarmerie forces from working-class neighborhoods, while initiating the dissolution of internal intelligence bodies. At the same time, the judicial system must be entirely overhauled through the popular election of judges and prosecutors. The action focuses on dismantling organized crime networks, such as human trafficking, and on ending impunity for police violence. Thus, this would make it possible to establish real and lasting security, based on social justice and citizen oversight, rather than on the repression of the most precarious populations."
}
] |
How can we ensure the funding and quality of education (schools, universities) ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "The idea would be to rebuild the educational system on the principles of quality, excellence and merit, so that it once again becomes a true engine of social progress. The approach consists of establishing healthy competition between institutions, public as well as private, by encouraging the initiative of the latter and creating mechanisms of emulation to improve overall performance. Teachers' career progression must be directly linked to merit and responsibility, while the fight against ideological indoctrination at all levels will guarantee the neutrality of knowledge. The objective is to modernize the entire system through competitive exams and evaluations. Thus, this would make it possible to guarantee an education of excellence for all, particularly in the most vulnerable areas, by allocating resources more effectively and refocusing the school on its fundamental mission of transmitting knowledge."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "The idea would be to conceive education as a universal right and a strategic investment, whose quality and access are guaranteed by an unshakable commitment from the State. To achieve this, the central axis is to enshrine by law a substantial floor of public investment, while pursuing a large-scale plan of construction and modernization of infrastructure across the entire territory. The revalorization of the teaching career, through attractive salaries and quality continuing training, is an absolute priority. The principle of free higher education must be reaffirmed and its territorial coverage extended to guarantee genuine equality of opportunity. Thus, this would make it possible to ensure upward social mobility and to equip the country with the human skills necessary for its sovereign industrial and technological development project."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "The idea would be to rebuild the education system on foundations of quality and measurable performance, conditioning funding on the attainment of concrete results. The right approach is to establish a comprehensive evaluation regime at all levels, from schools to universities, and to link resource transfers to compliance with development plans that have clear objectives. The teaching career will be modernized to reward merit, while programmes will be strengthened on fundamental knowledge and better articulated with the needs of the labor market. For higher education, the allocation of funds will follow objective and transparent criteria, with rigorous monitoring of their impact. Thus, this would make it possible to improve the quality of teaching across the entire territory, to guarantee a more efficient use of public funds and to better prepare young people for their professional future."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "The idea would be to overhaul the education system to make it the pillar of social justice and national unity, by correcting deep territorial inequalities. The priority is an increased commitment by the central State to rebuild a true national system that integrates differences and guarantees quality public and private education at all levels. This is expressed by the generalization of the extended school day in primary education, the integration of digital technology and robotics as essential tools, and the enhancement of the teaching profession through fair remuneration and continuous training. Funding for public universities will be supported and improved, and a fourth level of vocational training will be created to link education to the world of work. Thus, this would make it possible to guarantee real equality of opportunity for all young people, to prepare new generations for technological challenges, and to strengthen national cohesion through education."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "The idea would be to rebuild the education system on the principles of an exclusive, secular, and entirely free public service at all levels, from school to university. The priority is the immediate elimination of all public subsidies to private education, as well as the cessation of state funding for religious institutions, in order to reallocate these funds entirely to the public system. The approach involves repealing the current higher education legislation to build a unified national system, managed by the State, which guarantees universal access, notably by providing free connectivity for all pupils and teachers. Thus, this would allow concentrating all national resources into a single public network, ensuring high-quality education accessible to everyone, regardless of their social origin, and freed from any commercial or confessional influence."
}
] |
How can the public health system and access to care be strengthened?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee effective access to care by tackling the corruption and inefficiency that undermine it, rather than by indiscriminately increasing budgets. The priority is to depoliticize the management of facilities and to consolidate the professionalization of the sector by instituting salary policies that reward merit and responsibility. The allocation of the necessary resources to hospitals and health centers must be accompanied by strict oversight to eradicate corruption and clientelism, which are the real obstacles to access to care. Thus, this would make it possible to rebuild a health system where the quality of care and equality of access are guaranteed by competence and integrity, and not by political connections."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "The idea would be to consolidate health as a fundamental human right, guaranteed by a strong and universal public system. The right approach consists of strengthening public provision through sustained investment in local infrastructure, while guaranteeing equitable access to medicines through national production and the prescription of generics. The regulatory framework of the private sector must be tightened to eliminate barriers to entry and control costs, ensuring that access to care is never conditioned by the ability to pay. Emphasis is placed on prevention, notably through an expanded and free vaccination schedule. Thus, this would make it possible to progress toward truly universal, solidarity-based and effective health coverage, which protects every citizen regardless of their economic condition or place of residence."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "The idea would be to rebuild the health system around a central axis: the integration of its various components (public, private and social security) to guarantee equitable access to quality care across the territory. The right approach is to strengthen the State's steering role to coordinate all actors and improve the quality of services through clear accreditation standards. Priority will be given to the development of family health and primary care, supported by a digital transformation, while a new national agency will regulate the cost of medicines and cutting-edge technologies. Thus, this would make it possible to build a more efficient and equitable system, where the quality of care no longer depends on the type of coverage or the patient's place of residence."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "The idea would be to fundamentally rebuild the health care system to guarantee effective, equitable and modern access to care across the entire territory. The approach consists in establishing a single authority of the Système National de Santé, integrating the national, provincial and municipal levels to put an end to the current fragmentation. The organization of care will be based on integrated, regional networks, organized around the primary level of care. Priority will be given to modernization through the digitization of medical records, to strengthening mental health, and to the valorization of healthcare personnel. Thus, this would make it possible to build a more resilient, person-centered system, ensuring quality coverage and fairer access to care for all citizens."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "The idea would be to overhaul the health care system into a single, universal public service, removed from any logic of profit and fragmentation. The approach consists of centralizing all care structures — public, private and social security — within a single state system, placed under the democratic control of the sector's workers and professionals. To guarantee free access to treatments, pharmaceutical laboratories would be nationalized without compensation and medicines provided free to the entire population. Health insurance funds would also be integrated into this system, by removing their management from union leaderships and entrusting it to elected workers' committees. Thus, this would ensure equitable and free access to quality care for all, by redirecting all resources toward the needs of patients."
}
] |
Which external relations should be prioritized (region, United States, China, BRICS, EU) and what commercial positioning?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "The idea would be to realign foreign policy around the defense of the principles of liberty and sovereignty, abandoning ideological alignments in favor of pragmatic relations. The central axis is the promotion of free trade as a driver of development, which implies a unilateral opening of commerce and the pursuit of agreements with all nations that respect the rule of law and private property. Rather than favoring political blocs, the strategy is to allow the private sector to forge ties where opportunities present themselves. The State must limit itself to removing internal obstacles, notably export taxes and regulatory burdens. Thus, this would allow an intelligent insertion into the global economy, attracting investments through confidence and legal stability rather than through fluctuating geopolitical alliances."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "The idea would be to make regional integration the foundation of foreign policy, considering the Latin American space as the natural framework to assert sovereignty and strategic autonomy. The approach consists of deepening the institutionalization of regional bodies to go beyond a mere commercial logic in favor of a genuine political, productive and social union. Relations with other blocs and global powers must be subordinated to this priority, favoring partnerships that respect the national development model without imposing conditionalities. Commercial positioning must above all serve the interests of national production. Thus, this would make it possible to build an influential regional bloc capable of defending its own interests on the world stage and of negotiating as equals, ensuring that international insertion serves the national development project and not the other way around."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "The idea would be to rebuild foreign policy on a predictable course, based on the defense of national interests and democratic principles, in order to maximize opportunities for productive development. The top priority would be to reestablish regional anchoring by relaunching Mercosur and the strategic alliance with Brazil, which would serve as a platform for global projection. From this foundation, the objective is to accelerate integration with the major economies by finalizing the agreement with the European Union and by completing the OECD accession process. In parallel, a diversification of bilateral negotiations will be undertaken to open new markets for exports, notably in Asia and the Middle East. Thus, this would position the country as a predictable partner and transform external action into a direct lever for the growth of exports and productive development across the entire territory."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "The idea would be to reaffirm the country's regional vocation as the foundation of its international integration and the engine of its development. The strategic priority is to consolidate the regional bloc and deepen ties with neighboring partners, notably to ensure access to the major Pacific markets, within the framework of an open regionalism that favors multilateralism. On the commercial level, it is imperative to multiply exports, removing all obstacles and controls that impede the full potential of the productive sectors and strategic resources. The country's international positioning must be based on an active defense of peace, human rights and the protection of the environment. Thus, this would make it possible to restore international prestige, generate the foreign exchange essential to economic stability and make the nation a respected actor on the world stage."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "The idea would be to base foreign policy on a principle of absolute sovereignty and the internationalism of peoples, in total rupture with the logics of alliances between capitalist states, whether that be the United States, the European Union or other blocs such as the BRICS. The approach consists of denouncing all pacts of subordination to imperialist powers and demanding the withdrawal of any foreign military presence, such as NATO's. The commercial stance would rest on the complete nationalization of foreign trade, in order to remove it from the interests of multinationals. The diplomatic axis would be reoriented to actively support popular rebellion movements around the world, prioritizing the construction of a socialist unity of Latin America. Thus, this would make it possible to replace commercial competition between blocs with a genuine policy of integration based on solidarity among peoples and international socialist cooperation."
}
] |
Which democratic and human rights and guarantees should be protected or reaffirmed?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "The idea would be to reaffirm the primacy of individual rights by restoring a strict application of constitutional guarantees that protect the citizen from the arbitrariness of power. The approach consists in ensuring an uncompromising separation of powers, sanctifying the independence of the judiciary and prohibiting any concentration of extraordinary powers within the executive. Fundamental liberties, foremost among them life, private property and freedom of expression without any hindrance, must be protected absolutely. Total transparency of government actions and free access to public information will constitute the instruments of this permanent citizen oversight. Thus, this would make it possible to consolidate a true rule of law where individual freedom is the norm and the action of the State, a regulated exception."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "The idea would be to conceive of democracy not as an achievement, but as a continuous process of consolidation and deepening, founded on an active historical memory and the constant expansion of rights. The priority approach is to safeguard the policy of Memory, Truth and Justice as an inalienable responsibility of the State, guaranteeing the ongoing prosecution of crimes against humanity. At the same time, it is essential to reaffirm and strengthen the legislative arsenal that protects gender equality, sexual diversity and the right to a life free from violence. Democratic deepening also involves reforming key institutions, notably by ensuring the independence of the judiciary from economic powers and by guaranteeing media pluralism. Thus, this would help consolidate a republic where the rights of every individual are protected against all forms of discrimination and where the past serves as a bulwark against any authoritarian regression."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "The idea would be to restore a republican order based on the independence of the judiciary and the exemplary conduct of the State, in order to guarantee fundamental freedoms. The central axis is to shield the judiciary from any political interference, by establishing mechanisms for the selection of magistrates based on merit and transparency. This institutional guarantee will be accompanied by an offensive against corruption, via a law on asset forfeiture to seize ill-gotten assets and another to prohibit the application of pardons to those convicted of such acts. The promotion of a public integrity law will aim to prevent conflicts of interest and nepotism within the state apparatus. Thus, this would help consolidate a rule of law where institutions effectively protect the citizen against arbitrary power and where the law applies to all without privileges or exceptions."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "The idea would be to reaffirm democratic gains, founded on the memory of past sacrifices, by placing human dignity and institutional quality at the heart of public action. The absolute priority is to guarantee the independence of the judiciary and a strict separation of powers, by strengthening transparency and accountability. At the same time, it is imperative to translate these principles into concrete guarantees, by actively combating gender inequalities and ensuring the protection of the integrity, rights and opportunities of women and diversities. State action must also protect the rights of children, migrants and indigenous communities. Thus, this would make it possible to consolidate a fully effective rule of law, where fundamental freedoms are not only proclaimed but actively defended, and where every citizen is assured of equitable access to justice and to the protection of the State."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "The idea would be to replace a formal democracy with direct popular control over all institutions, in order to guarantee the inviolability of individual and collective liberties in the face of the State's repressive apparatus. The approach is to make all public mandates revocable by voters, including those of judges and prosecutors, while capping the remuneration of elected officials and senior civil servants at that of a skilled worker. It is imperative to guarantee without any hindrance the right to demonstrate, by repealing all emergency laws, and to ensure full trade union democracy, free from any interference. At the same time, the effective application of the right to abortion and protection against all gender-based violence and discrimination must be an absolute priority. Thus, this would make it possible to dismantle mechanisms of impunity and put an end to institutional violence, by founding a political order in which justice is administered by the people and in which human rights are a material reality for all."
}
] |
What social policy with regard to assistance and "plans" (targeting, conditionalities, inclusion)?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "The idea would be to break with the logic of welfare dependency to make social assistance a springboard to employment, and not a permanent solution. The appropriate approach is to transform social welfare programs into assistance that is strictly temporary and progressively reduced. Their payment will be conditioned on a service obligation, conceived as a step toward integration into the formal labor market. The ultimate objective is the complete substitution of these benefits by authentic and productive employment. Thus, this would make it possible to address the structural causes of poverty by restoring the value of work and offering a genuine prospect for social mobility, rather than keeping individuals dependent on the State."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "The idea would be to design social assistance not as temporary help, but as a permanent pillar of social justice and an instrument of economic policy. The right approach is to consolidate a universal protection floor, notably for children, with conditionalities that guarantee access to education and health. These measures are not intended to replace work, but to supplement incomes and establish a floor of dignity. The primary objective is to articulate them with active policies for training and the creation of formal jobs, making work the main vector of integration. Thus, this would help ensure the economic security of the most vulnerable while stimulating domestic demand, creating a virtuous circle in which social inclusion and economic growth mutually reinforce each other."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "The idea would be to break with the logic of welfare dependency by conditioning social assistance on an integration pathway, in order to tackle the structural causes of poverty. The right approach is to transform existing programs into direct assistance, paid without intermediaries and temporary in nature. Its disbursement will be strictly conditioned on an effective counterpart, whether it be the completion of the educational trajectory, a qualifying training course, or a job-search effort. Thus, this would make it possible to transform a logic of subsidizing poverty into a genuine investment in human capital, where work once again becomes the main driver of social mobility."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "The idea would be to break with the logic of welfare dependency and replace it with a system that makes integration through work the main driver of social policy. The priority is to stop subsidizing unemployment in order to focus on support for the creation of quality jobs. For emergency situations, access to aid programs must be direct and transparent, disconnecting it from any political or sectoral intermediation in order to put an end to clientelist practices. The objective is to go beyond mere \"containment\" measures that perpetuate dependency. Thus, this would make it possible to restore upward social mobility and to ensure that the dignity of the person is secured by work and autonomy, rather than by permanent state assistance."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "The idea would be to replace the fragmented system of targeted aid with a set of universal rights guaranteeing an income and employment to everyone. The approach consists of making assistance plans obsolete by instituting a ban on layoffs and the redistribution of working hours to ensure full employment. Rather than conditional benefits, a minimum living income, indexed monthly to the cost of living and covering all needs, would be guaranteed to all workers and retirees, supplemented by universal family allowances. Thus, this would make it possible to eradicate precariousness and dependency by addressing the structural causes of unemployment and poverty, making work and a decent income effective rights rather than objectives of integration."
}
] |
What environmental and energy strategy (lithium, Vaca Muerta, transition, territorial impacts)?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "The idea would be to treat natural resources as a lever for economic development under provincial sovereignty, by encouraging their exploitation by the private sector. The right approach is to attract investment for the extraction of energy and mineral resources by guaranteeing a stable legal framework and the protection of property. Development is described as sustainable, which implies reinvesting part of the revenues, such as oil royalties, in improving competitiveness and establishing independent oversight bodies to enforce environmental law without hindering private initiative. Thus, this would make it possible to finance growth through locally generated wealth, relying on the responsibility of the private sector rather than on state planning of the energy transition."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "The idea would be to mobilize strategic energy resources as the lever for sovereign industrial development and greater national autonomy. The approach involves steering the exploitation of hydrocarbons, including unconventional ones, through a strong public company, while simultaneously accelerating the diversification of the energy mix via nuclear and renewables. The development of these resources must imperatively comply with environmental standards and ensure that the economic benefits, in terms of jobs and activity, accrue directly to the territories concerned. Thus, this would make it possible to achieve self-sufficiency within the framework of a managed energy transition, which serves the objectives of industrial growth and balanced territorial development."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "The idea would be to deploy a pragmatic energy strategy that mobilizes all national resources to make them a lever for sustainable development. The right approach is to simultaneously stimulate the exploitation of hydrocarbons to ensure supply security, and the development of renewable energies to support the energy transition. It will also be necessary to valorize strategic minerals such as lithium by imposing high and transparent environmental standards. All of this policy will be part of a long-term climate strategy that harmonizes economic growth with the sustainable use of resources. Thus, this would make it possible to position the country as a reliable and diversified energy supplier on the global stage, by transforming its natural potential into an engine of economic growth respectful of the environment."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "The idea would be to articulate productive development and environmental protection, moving beyond the false opposition between the two. The priority is to strategically exploit natural resources such as Vaca Muerta gas and lithium to generate foreign exchange, while undertaking a gradual energy transition. This transition will rely on clean energy and the potential of the bioeconomy, notably through a gradual increase in the share of biofuels in fuels. This axis is accompanied by firm commitments: to achieve \\\"zero net deforestation\\\" by 2030 and to guarantee the immediate elimination of single-use plastics. Thus, this would make it possible to ensure energy independence, to strengthen federal value-added production, and to respect international climate commitments."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "The idea would be to put an end to the pillaging of natural resources and the destruction of the environment by replacing the extractivist model with sovereign and sustainable management. The central approach consists of immediately banning the most devastating activities, such as hydraulic fracturing (Vaca Muerta) and mega open-pit mining. All multinational companies in these sectors would be expropriated without compensation and their assets nationalized. The management of these strategic resources, including lithium and hydrocarbons, would then be entrusted to the direct control of workers and the affected territorial communities, who would also oversee the repair of the ecological damage caused. Thus, this would allow the development of a national energy plan that meets the population's needs while guaranteeing the protection of ecosystems."
}
] |
Should recent frameworks on reproductive rights and gender equality be amended, and if so, how?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "The idea would be to ensure the coherence of the entire legal framework with the fundamental and irrevocable principle of the protection of the right to life. The approach consists of reconsidering any recent legislation that comes into direct conflict with this essential guarantee. The protection of life is posed as an absolute limit on the action of the State, on an equal footing with the defense of individual liberty and property. This is not about imposing a particular morality, but about strictly applying a superior principle. Thus, this would make it possible to restore the primacy of this inalienable right over more recent normative frameworks, by aligning legislation with the fundamental values defended."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "The idea would be to consider advances in reproductive rights and gender equality as fundamental, non-negotiable pillars of the social project. The proper approach is therefore to sanctuarize the existing legislative framework that guarantees gender identity, marriage for all, access to reproductive health, and comprehensive protection against sexist violence. Under no circumstances is it a question of modifying these frameworks; on the contrary, it is about guaranteeing their full and complete application throughout the territory. Thus, this would make it possible to firmly oppose any attempt at regression and to consolidate a society founded on equality, where acquired rights constitute the foundation for new advances."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "The idea would be to focus action in favor of gender equality on reducing economic and professional inequalities, which constitute the main obstacle to women's autonomy. The right approach is to dismantle the barriers that hinder women's access to the labor market, notably by addressing the unequal burden of unpaid work and caregiving tasks. Efforts will focus primarily on increasing the female labor force participation rate and strengthening women's presence in collective bargaining bodies. In this way, it would be possible to build concrete equality based on economic emancipation, making women's full participation an indispensable driver of the country's development."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee and deepen acquired rights, focusing on actions that transform legal equality into de facto equality. The priority is to tackle gender inequalities structurally, going beyond mere formal recognition of rights. The approach is to deploy a comprehensive policy that ensures protection against gender-based violence as an absolute priority of the State, while addressing economic inequalities. This involves concrete instruments: the promotion of quality jobs for women and diverse groups, the establishment of a national care system that recognizes and eases the burden of unpaid work, and compensatory policies such as the extension of parental leave and the creation of early childhood centers. Thus, this would make it possible to guarantee the economic autonomy of women and diverse groups and to ensure their full participation in society, building a framework where equal opportunities are a tangible reality rather than merely an aspiration."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "The idea would be to go beyond the mere legal recognition of rights to guarantee their full realization, by protecting them from any attempt at regression and by universalizing them. The absolute priority is to ensure the effective and universal implementation of legislation on voluntary termination of pregnancy, by allocating the necessary budgets to protect it from any interference. This involves combating gender-based violence with dedicated resources, guaranteeing the principle \"equal work, equal pay\", and deploying comprehensive, secular, and scientific sexual education. Protection must be extended to all forms of sexual orientation and gender identity, abolishing any discriminatory legislation. Thus, this would make it possible to transform legal frameworks into material and inviolable guarantees, rooting a culture of effective equality and sexual freedom, actively supported by the State."
}
] |
¿Cómo contener la inflación y estabilizar los precios a corto y medio plazo?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "La idea sería abordar las causas estructurales del aumento de los precios, que residen en el desequilibrio presupuestario y la excesiva presión fiscal. La prioridad es una reducción drástica de los gastos públicos improductivos y la suspensión de cualquier nuevo aumento de impuestos, con el fin de sanear las finanzas del Estado. Paralelamente, la reducción de las cargas fiscales y la eliminación de los obstáculos regulatorios a la iniciativa privada deben estimular la producción y la inversión. El objetivo es dejar de recurrir a financiamientos que devalúen la moneda. Así, ello permitiría restaurar la confianza y establecer una estabilidad monetaria duradera, fundada en una estricta disciplina presupuestaria más que en medidas de control de precios."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "La idea sería atacar las causas estructurales del aumento de los precios restaurando la capacidad de producción nacional y estimulando el mercado interno. El enfoque consiste en orientar las inversiones públicas y privadas hacia la reindustrialización con el fin de sustituir las importaciones, al mismo tiempo que se garantiza una gestión soberana de la deuda para proteger la economía de los choques externos y de la especulación financiera. La regulación de los sectores estratégicos, en particular el energético, es una palanca esencial para controlar los costos de producción. Esta política de la oferta debe ir acompañada de un apoyo al poder adquisitivo para garantizar una demanda sólida y duradera. Así, ello permitiría una estabilización de los precios basada en un crecimiento real y en una mayor autonomía económica, en lugar de depender de ajustes monetarios restrictivos."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "La idea sería romper con las lógicas inflacionarias restaurando los equilibrios macroeconómicos fundamentales. El eje central es la pronta consecución del equilibrio presupuestario primario, obtenido mediante un control del gasto público y el fin de los regímenes de excepción. Paralelamente, la independencia del banco central debe ser consagrada por una nueva carta orgánica, con la estabilidad de precios como mandato prioritario. Este enfoque se completará con una rápida unificación del régimen cambiario y la eliminación de los controles para poner fin a las distorsiones. Así, ello permitiría reducir drástica y duraderamente la inflación, restaurando la credibilidad de la moneda y sentando las bases de un entorno económico previsible, indispensable para la inversión y la creación de empleos."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "La idea sería abordar las raíces estructurales de la inflación mediante un plan de estabilización completo, rechazando las soluciones fáciles. El objetivo es restaurar la confianza en una moneda sana y fuerte, condición indispensable para la previsibilidad económica. Para lograrlo, el enfoque combina una disciplina monetaria rigurosa y la búsqueda del equilibrio presupuestario, alcanzado no mediante recortes drásticos sino mediante una ordenación racional de las prioridades y la supresión de los gastos superfluos. Simultáneamente, es imperativo reconstruir las reservas de divisas y establecer un sistema fiscal estable que fomente la inversión productiva. Así, ello permitiría romper la espiral inflacionaria y devolver a los actores económicos la visibilidad necesaria para planificar, invertir y crear empleo."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "La idea sería romper con la lógica especulativa retomando el control de las palancas económicas para garantizar la estabilidad del poder adquisitivo de la población. El eje central consiste en indexar mensualmente la totalidad de los ingresos, salarios así como las pensiones, al aumento real del costo de la vida, al mismo tiempo que se suprime la fiscalidad indirecta sobre los bienes de primera necesidad. Esta política debe ir acompañada de la nacionalización del sector bancario y del comercio exterior para controlar los flujos de capital y poner en marcha comités de control de precios. Paralelamente, las tarifas de los servicios públicos esenciales serían congeladas y la deuda externa repudiada con el fin de liberar recursos presupuestarios. Así, ello permitiría neutralizar la erosión del poder adquisitivo y estabilizar de forma duradera la economía reorientándola hacia la satisfacción de las necesidades colectivas."
}
] |
Qué régimen monetario adoptar (mantenimiento del peso, dolarización, reforma/abolición del Banco Central) ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "La idea sería retirar definitivamente la gestión de la moneda de las manos del poder político, con el fin de garantizar una estabilidad de los precios que no esté sujeta a los vaivenes presupuestarios. La solución más coherente y perdurable consiste en suprimir el banco central, la institución misma que permite el financiamiento de los déficits mediante la emisión monetaria. Esta medida radical impondría al Estado una estricta disciplina presupuestaria, que se vería obligado a financiar sus gastos con recursos legítimos. Un sistema así pondría fin a la manipulación de la moneda con fines políticos. De este modo, permitiría erradicar la inflación en su origen y reconstruir la confianza en la economía sobre bases sanas y duraderas."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "La idea sería preservar la soberanía monetaria como una herramienta indispensable al servicio del desarrollo económico y de la estabilidad social. El enfoque adecuado consiste en rechazar toda forma de dolarización, que equivaldría a renunciar a los instrumentos de política económica. Se trata de afianzar el papel del banco central en la gestión de las reservas y la regulación financiera, en articulación con una política de desendeudamiento soberano que limite las presiones exteriores. La prioridad es reforzar la moneda nacional fundamentándola en una economía productiva y en un mercado interno sólido. Así, esto permitiría garantizar una moneda estable, cuyo valor se base en la fortaleza de la economía real y en la capacidad del Estado para llevar a cabo una política independiente."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "La idea sería reforzar la soberanía monetaria dotando al país de una moneda estable y creíble, en lugar de emprender una dolarización. El enfoque correcto consiste en garantizar la independencia del Banco Central mediante una nueva carta orgánica, asignándole un mandato prioritario y estricto de lucha contra la inflación. Esta refundación institucional irá acompañada de la supresión de los controles cambiarios y de la unificación rápida de los diferentes tipos de cambio para poner fin a las distorsiones. De este modo, ello permitiría restaurar la confianza en la moneda y devolver previsibilidad a los actores económicos, sin renunciar a una herramienta de política monetaria esencial."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "La idea sería preservar la soberanía monetaria restaurando el valor y la credibilidad de la moneda nacional, en lugar de adoptar una divisa extranjera. La prioridad es garantizar la fortaleza y la estabilidad de esa moneda mediante una gestión rigurosa y previsible. Esto pasa por una disciplina estricta en materia de emisión monetaria, en ruptura con la financiación sistemática del déficit presupuestario. La acción de la autoridad monetaria debe volver a centrarse en sus misiones fundamentales: la preservación del poder adquisitivo de los ciudadanos y la recomposición de las reservas de divisas. Así, esto permitiría restablecer la confianza, fundamento de una economía estable y de un entorno propicio para la inversión y la producción."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "La idea sería garantizar una soberanía monetaria total colocando el sistema financiero al servicio exclusivo de la economía nacional, en oposición a cualquier forma de dependencia exterior. El enfoque correcto consiste en nacionalizar la totalidad del sector bancario y del comercio exterior, con el fin de ejercer un control estricto sobre los flujos de capitales y detener la fuga de divisas. Esta toma de control, combinada con una ruptura con los acreedores internacionales, libera a la economía de las condicionalidades externas y preserva las reservas de divisas. Así, esto permitiría estabilizar la moneda nacional protegiéndola de la especulación y reorientar el crédito hacia las prioridades productivas y sociales del país."
}
] |
¿Qué estrategia con respecto a la deuda y al acuerdo con el FMI?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "La idea sería tratar el sobreendeudamiento como un síntoma de la irresponsabilidad presupuestaria crónica, y no como un problema a resolver mediante negociaciones externas. La prioridad absoluta es poner en marcha un plan de consolidación presupuestaria unilateral y riguroso, basado en una reducción drástica del gasto público y en reformas estructurales del Estado. El objetivo no es pedir nuevas condiciones, sino demostrar una capacidad de reembolso recuperada gracias a un superávit primario. El cumplimiento de los compromisos se convierte en la consecuencia de una gestión sana, y no al revés. Así, ello permitiría restaurar la confianza, recuperar un acceso voluntario a los mercados de crédito y poner fin al ciclo del endeudamiento y de los rescates."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "La idea sería continuar una gestión soberana de la deuda, subordinándola a los objetivos de crecimiento económico y de desarrollo nacional. El enfoque consiste en renegociar los acuerdos vigentes para alinear los vencimientos con la capacidad real de pago, sin imponer sacrificios a la población ni frenar la actividad productiva. El eje central es rechazar las condiciones que obstaculizan el desarrollo y defender el interés nacional frente a los acreedores especulativos. Todo nuevo endeudamiento debe condicionarse a su orientación hacia proyectos productivos y no a la mera cobertura de déficits. Así, ello permitiría restaurar la autonomía política y liberar los márgenes de maniobra presupuestaria necesarios para financiar el desarrollo económico y social del país."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "La idea sería restaurar la credibilidad del país para asegurar la sostenibilidad de la deuda, actuando sobre las causas internas del endeudamiento en lugar de centrarse en su renegociación. La prioridad absoluta es alcanzar el equilibrio presupuestario primario mediante una racionalización del gasto público y la puesta en marcha de reformas estructurales que liberen el potencial productivo y exportador de la economía. Este plan de estabilización interna, riguroso y creíble, debe constituir la base de la relación con los acreedores internacionales. Así, permitiría salir de una lógica de dependencia para establecer una relación de confianza duradera, donde el cumplimiento de los compromisos derive de la solidez de la economía nacional más que de restricciones exteriores."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "La idea sería construir una estrategia duradera de gestión de la deuda basada en la restauración de la credibilidad nacional, con el fin de salir de un ciclo de crisis recurrentes. El eje central consiste en poner en marcha un programa de estabilización integral y creíble, articulado en torno a un equilibrio presupuestario sostenible y una gestión monetaria prudente. Es sobre la base de este plan interno soberano, y no sobre ajustes impuestos desde el exterior, que deben redefinirse los compromisos financieros. El objetivo es alinear los vencimientos con la capacidad de crecimiento real de la economía, mediante un diálogo constructivo con los acreedores. De este modo, se podría alcanzar una sostenibilidad de la deuda a largo plazo, restaurar el acceso a financiamientos internacionales en condiciones razonables y liberar recursos para la inversión productiva."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "La idea sería restaurar la soberanía económica y presupuestaria rompiendo unilateralmente con los acreedores internacionales y sus condicionalidades. El enfoque central consiste en declarar la suspensión inmediata de los pagos y repudiar la deuda externa, considerada ilegítima, lo que anula de facto el acuerdo en vigor. Esta decisión debe asegurarse mediante la nacionalización del sector bancario y del comercio exterior con el fin de prevenir la fuga de capitales y garantizar el control nacional sobre los recursos estratégicos. De este modo, ello permitiría liberar medios presupuestarios masivos para reorientarlos hacia la financiación de los salarios, de los servicios públicos y de la producción nacional, en lugar de destinarlos al servicio de una deuda considerada fraudulenta."
}
] |
¿Hay que mantener, orientar o reducir las subvenciones a los servicios públicos (energía, transporte)?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "Se propone poner fin al sistema de subvenciones generalizadas, que distorsiona las señales de precios y constituye una carga insostenible para las finanzas públicas. El enfoque consiste en su supresión progresiva pero integral, para que las tarifas de la energía y del transporte reflejen sus costes reales de producción y distribución. Esta medida es un pilar no negociable del saneamiento presupuestario, ya que elimina una fuente mayor de gastos improductivos e intervencionismo estatal. El objetivo es liberar recursos al tiempo que se fomenta un consumo más racional. Así, ello permitiría alcanzar el equilibrio presupuestario e incentivar a las empresas del sector a invertir para mejorar su eficiencia sin depender de la ayuda del Estado."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "La idea sería concebir las subvenciones a los servicios esenciales no como una carga, sino como una palanca estratégica de justicia social y de competitividad económica. El buen enfoque consiste en mantener un sistema de compensaciones tarifarias para garantizar tarifas razonables y previsibles. Este mecanismo protege el poder adquisitivo de los hogares, en particular de los más modestos, y asegura la maestría de los costes logísticos y energéticos para el aparato productivo nacional. Se trata de una herramienta de redistribución de la renta asumida, esencial para el buen funcionamiento del mercado interior. Así, ello permitiría garantizar el acceso universal a esos servicios públicos fundamentales, al tiempo que estimularía la demanda y reforzaría la cohesión social y territorial."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "La idea sería salir de un sistema de subvenciones generalizadas para restaurar la verdad de los precios y el equilibrio presupuestario. El enfoque adecuado consiste en emprender una racionalización de las ayudas públicas, en particular en los sectores de la energía y del transporte, para que las tarifas reflejen progresivamente los costos reales de producción y distribución. Este esfuerzo se inscribe en una política global de control del gasto y de supresión de los regímenes de excepción que alimentan el déficit estructural. Así, ello permitiría sanear de manera duradera las finanzas públicas, fomentar un consumo más responsable e incentivar una asignación más eficiente de los recursos en la economía poniendo fin a distorsiones costosas."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "La idea sería sustituir el régimen actual de subvenciones, fuente de desequilibrio presupuestario e injusticia territorial, por un mecanismo racional y transparente. La prioridad es aplicar un criterio de gestión estrictamente federal al transporte y a la energía, para que los recursos y las ayudas se distribuyan de manera equitativa en todo el territorio. Esta reorientación debe realizarse de manera ordenada, basándose en una jerarquización clara de prioridades y no en recortes presupuestarios brutales, en ruptura con la lógica centralista. Así, ello permitiría corregir las asimetrías profundas que obstaculizan el desarrollo armonioso del país, al tiempo que contribuiría a la consolidación de un equilibrio presupuestario sostenible."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "La idea sería tratar el acceso a la energía y al transporte no como una mercancía sometida al mercado, sino como un derecho fundamental para todos los hogares. La medida prioritaria es la anulación pura y simple de todas las subidas de tarifas. Para lograrlo, el enfoque consiste en nacionalizar la totalidad de las empresas privatizadas de los sectores de la energía y del transporte, colocándolas bajo el control directo de los trabajadores y de los usuarios. La financiación de estos servicios esenciales sería entonces asegurada por un plan nacional que garantice un acceso universal a bajo costo. Así, esto permitiría sacar a estos sectores de la lógica del beneficio y asegurar un servicio público estable y accesible a toda la población, protegiéndola definitivamente de la volatilidad de los precios."
}
] |
¿Qué política de ingresos y de empleo para proteger el poder adquisitivo y reducir la pobreza?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "La idea sería sustituir la cultura del asistencialismo por la del trabajo y el mérito, ya que solo un empleo productivo puede garantizar un aumento duradero del poder adquisitivo. El eje central es una profunda reforma de la legislación laboral para flexibilizar la contratación y reducir el empleo informal, acompañada de una reducción significativa de las cargas que gravan la producción. Los planes sociales serán progresivamente reemplazados por un sistema de ayuda temporal, estrictamente condicionado a una contraprestación de servicio y orientado hacia la inserción rápida en el mercado laboral. Así, ello permitiría reducir la pobreza de manera estructural restaurando la dignidad mediante el trabajo y asegurando una verdadera movilidad social."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "La idea sería restaurar la centralidad del trabajo como principal instrumento de integración social y de reparto de la riqueza. El eje central se basa en la reactivación de las negociaciones colectivas anuales y en la revalorización continua del salario mínimo para garantizar un piso de ingresos decente y una parte equitativa del valor producido. Paralelamente, una política industrial activa debe buscar el pleno empleo creando puestos de calidad y combatiendo la informalidad. Esta base se complementa con asignaciones universales que aseguren los derechos fundamentales de los niños y los adolescentes. Así, ello permitiría estimular un círculo virtuoso en el que la producción está impulsada por una demanda interna robusta, asegurando una reducción estructural de la pobreza."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "La idea sería hacer del trabajo formal el pilar de la protección del poder adquisitivo y de la lucha contra la pobreza, restaurando su capacidad para generar un ingreso digno. El enfoque consiste en eliminar los obstáculos a la contratación, especialmente para las pequeñas empresas, y en desplegar un nuevo marco legal y fiscal para integrar el vasto sector informal en la economía. Paralelamente, los programas sociales serán profundamente transformados para convertirse en ayudas directas, temporales y condicionadas a la formación o a la búsqueda de empleo, suprimiendo toda intermediación. Así, ello permitiría reemplazar una lógica de asistencia por una dinámica de movilidad social, atacando las causas estructurales de la pobreza mediante la creación de empleos de calidad."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "La idea sería refundar la política social sustituyendo una lógica de asistencia por una estrategia centrada en la creación de trabajo digno, la única palanca real para la protección del poder adquisitivo. La prioridad es restaurar la movilidad social ascendente haciendo de la creación de empleos el motor de la lucha contra la pobreza. Para lograrlo, es esencial iniciar un proceso de integración progresiva de los millones de trabajadores informales hacia puestos de calidad, registrados y con salarios justos. Paralelamente, el acceso a los programas sociales de emergencia debe estar garantizado sin ninguna intermediación política o sectorial con el fin de poner fin a las lógicas clientelistas. De este modo, permitiría reducir la pobreza de manera estructural y asegurar una mejora duradera del poder adquisitivo fundada en el trabajo y la productividad, y no en la dependencia."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "La idea sería instaurar una seguridad material completa para la totalidad de los trabajadores, activos y jubilados, garantizando tanto el nivel de los ingresos como la estabilidad del empleo. El eje central es establecer un salario mínimo y una pensión mínima equivalentes al costo real de la vida, con una indexación mensual sistemática de todos los ingresos a la inflación. Esta protección del poder adquisitivo se complementa con la supresión del impuesto sobre la renta salarial y del IVA en los productos de primera necesidad. En el frente del empleo, la estrategia se basa en la prohibición formal de los despidos, combinada con una reducción del tiempo de trabajo sin pérdida de salario para alcanzar el pleno empleo y generalizar los contratos de duración indefinida. Así, esto permitiría erradicar la pobreza asegurando que cada ingreso cubra las necesidades esenciales, al mismo tiempo que se elimina el desempleo y la precariedad mediante una reorganización completa del mercado laboral."
}
] |
¿Qué reforma fiscal (impuestos, tasas a la exportación) para estimular la producción sin deteriorar las cuentas públicas?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "La idea sería emprender una reducción masiva de la carga fiscal con el fin de liberar la inversión y la producción, financiándola no con deuda, sino mediante un programa de austeridad presupuestaria riguroso que apunte a los gastos improductivos del Estado. Este enfoque implica la supresión de los impuestos que penalizan las exportaciones y un alivio general de los gravámenes sobre la actividad económica. El equilibrio de las cuentas públicas debe derivarse de la disciplina del gasto, y no de exacciones confiscatorias que asfixian la iniciativa privada. Así, ello permitiría crear un círculo virtuoso en el que la disminución de la presión estatal estimula el crecimiento, el cual amplía naturalmente la base imponible a largo plazo."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "La idea sería concebir la fiscalidad como un instrumento estratégico para orientar el modelo de desarrollo, privilegiando la creación de valor añadido y la producción nacional. El enfoque adecuado consiste en mantener un sistema de gravámenes sobre las exportaciones de materias primas, cuyos ingresos se reinvierten de manera focalizada en las infraestructuras y el apoyo a la pequeña y mediana producción. Esta redistribución de las rentas extraordinarias es una palanca esencial para financiar la diversificación del aparato productivo y garantizar el equilibrio de las cuentas. La política fiscal debe así favorecer la inversión industrial en lugar de la especulación. De este modo, se permitiría garantizar ingresos públicos sólidos y previsibles, no frenando la actividad, sino acompañando un crecimiento económico más equilibrado y soberano."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "La idea sería reconfigurar el sistema fiscal para que deje de penalizar la producción y la inversión, inscribiendo esta reforma en un marco de estricta disciplina presupuestaria. El enfoque adecuado consiste en emprender una reducción responsable y progresiva de los impuestos más gravosos, dando prioridad al alivio de los impuestos sobre las exportaciones, de los impuestos sobre la cifra de negocios y de las cargas que recaen sobre el trabajo formal. Esta evolución es inseparable de la consecución del equilibrio presupuestario primario, obtenido mediante una racionalización del gasto público. Así, ello permitiría restaurar la competitividad de la economía, estimular la inversión y favorecer la creación de empleos, sin comprometer la necesaria sostenibilidad de las finanzas públicas."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "La idea sería emprender una reforma estructural del sistema fiscal para que deje de penalizar la producción y se convierta en una palanca de crecimiento. La prioridad es instaurar un régimen tributario simplificado, estable y progresivo que fomente la inversión productiva y la creación de empleos. Esto implica una medida emblemática: la eliminación gradual y total de los impuestos a la exportación. Paralelamente, se crearán incentivos fiscales específicos para las PYME que reinviertan sus beneficios. El equilibrio de las cuentas públicas se alcanzará no mediante ajustes drásticos, sino mediante una racionalización del gasto y, sobre todo, mediante la ampliación de la base imponible generada por el crecimiento económico. Así, esto permitiría estimular la oferta, formalizar la economía y asegurar una consolidación presupuestaria sostenible basada en una mayor producción en lugar de en una presión fiscal excesiva."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "La idea sería llevar a cabo una reforma completa del sistema fiscal para que deje de recaer sobre el consumo y el trabajo, y se convierta en una palanca de financiación del Estado mediante la contribución de las mayores fortunas y las ganancias del capital. El enfoque consiste en suprimir íntegramente el impuesto sobre los salarios y el IVA aplicado a los productos de primera necesidad. Paralelamente, las cuentas públicas se consolidarían mediante la instauración de impuestos progresivos sobre las grandes fortunas, impuestos extraordinarios sobre los beneficios de los grandes grupos capitalistas y una fiscalidad disuasoria sobre las viviendas vacías. El control de los ingresos por exportaciones se garantizaría no mediante impuestos, sino mediante la nacionalización del comercio exterior. Así, ello permitiría sostener la demanda interna aumentando el poder adquisitivo popular, al tiempo que asegura ingresos públicos sólidos y perdurables basados en la riqueza acumulada y los beneficios especulativos en lugar de la producción."
}
] |
¿Qué lugar para las privatizaciones y para las empresas públicas (p. ej. YPF, Aerolíneas)?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "La idea sería retirar al Estado de todas las actividades comerciales y productivas que no correspondan a sus misiones fundamentales, porque su presencia en ellas es una fuente de ineficiencia, déficit y distorsión de la competencia. El enfoque adecuado consiste en transferir al sector privado el conjunto de empresas públicas que operan en mercados competitivos, mediante un programa de privatización transparente. Para los demás ámbitos, el recurso a la externalización de servicios debe ser sistemático a fin de reducir el alcance de la administración. No se trata de reformar la gestión estatal, sino de reemplazarla por la disciplina y la eficacia del sector privado. Así, ello permitiría reducir drásticamente el gasto público, eliminar importantes focos de clientelismo y mejorar la calidad de los servicios ofrecidos a los ciudadanos gracias a la competencia."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "La idea sería reforzar el papel del Estado como actor económico directo en los sectores vitales, consolidando las empresas públicas como pilares de la soberanía y del desarrollo. El enfoque correcto consiste en descartar cualquier lógica de privatización y consolidar la gestión estatal de los activos estratégicos, especialmente en la energía y los transportes. Estas empresas no deben guiarse únicamente por el lucro, sino por objetivos de planificación nacional, de seguridad del suministro y de conectividad territorial. Su pilotaje directo por parte del Estado es la condición para orientar las inversiones hacia el largo plazo y garantizar un servicio universal. Así, ello permitiría asegurar que los sectores clave de la economía respondan al interés general y contribuyan a un desarrollo industrial más autónomo y a una mejor integración del territorio."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "La idea sería poner fin a la lógica de déficit sistemático de las empresas públicas sometiéndolas a una exigencia de rendimiento y de autofinanciamiento. El enfoque adecuado consiste en colocarlas bajo una supervisión profesional, independiente de toda injerencia política, con el mandato de generar valor. Su gestión estará obligada a respetar objetivos de rendimiento económico precisos, medibles y comparables, así como estándares de transparencia e integridad equivalentes a los de las sociedades cotizadas en Bolsa. De este modo, ello permitiría eliminar la necesidad de subvenciones nacionales para cubrir sus pérdidas y convertirlas en activos rentables que contribuyan a la riqueza colectiva en lugar de ser una carga para el contribuyente."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "La idea sería redefinir el perímetro de intervención del Estado para reenfocarlo en sus funciones estratégicas y en la creación de un marco propicio para la inversión privada. El objetivo no es gestionar directamente la economía, sino liberar el potencial del sector productivo nacional. La prioridad es garantizar reglas del juego claras y una seguridad jurídica que fomenten la creación y el desarrollo de empresas. La acción pública debe concentrarse en sus misiones esenciales y en la construcción de un ecosistema favorable a la innovación, actuando como un socio del sector privado en lugar de como un actor económico competidor. Así, ello permitiría una asignación más eficaz de los recursos, un estímulo duradero de la inversión y un crecimiento económico impulsado por la producción y la competitividad."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "La idea sería invertir el proceso de privatización recuperando el control público de todos los sectores estratégicos de la economía. El enfoque central consiste en nacionalizar, sin indemnización, la totalidad de las empresas privatizadas, en particular en los ámbitos de la energía (petróleo, gas), del transporte (ferroviario, puertos), de las finanzas y del comercio exterior. El punto fundamental de este enfoque es que la gestión de estas empresas, ahora públicas, no sería confiada a una burocracia estatal, sino directamente a sus trabajadores, en coordinación con comités de usuarios. Así, ello permitiría garantizar que los resortes económicos de la nación se orienten hacia la satisfacción de las necesidades colectivas y el desarrollo nacional, en lugar de hacia la maximización de los beneficios privados."
}
] |
¿Qué política de seguridad frente a la criminalidad y al narcotráfico (p. ej. Rosario)?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "La idea sería reafirmar la protección de la integridad física de los ciudadanos como la misión primordial e innegociable del Estado. Para lograrlo, hay que movilizar la totalidad de los recursos y los medios necesarios para llevar a cabo una lucha frontal y sin concesiones contra la delincuencia y el narcotráfico. El enfoque consiste en utilizar plenamente el monopolio de la fuerza legítima para desarticular las redes criminales, garantizar la integridad de las personas y de sus bienes, y romper con toda forma de permisividad. Se trata de hacer de la recuperación del control del territorio una prioridad operativa absoluta. De este modo, ello permitiría restablecer la autoridad del Estado en todo el territorio y asegurar una protección efectiva de los ciudadanos, poniendo fin al dominio de las organizaciones criminales."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "La idea sería romper con un enfoque puramente represivo para adoptar una perspectiva integral de la seguridad, tratando tanto los síntomas como las causas profundas de la violencia. El enfoque consiste en articular políticas activas de inclusión social con una mayor profesionalización de las fuerzas del orden, bajo un estricto control político. La inversión en equipamiento y tecnologías debe ir acompañada de una formación centrada en la prevención, el diálogo comunitario y el respeto absoluto de los derechos humanos. La coordinación entre los distintos niveles del Estado y las políticas sociales es un eje central de esta estrategia. Así, ello permitiría construir una sociedad más segura atacando las raíces del crimen, y no únicamente sus manifestaciones."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "La idea sería retomar la iniciativa frente al crimen organizado combinando una acción judicial dirigida a los flujos financieros y una presencia disuasoria sobre el terreno. El enfoque adecuado consiste en volver a desplegar a las fuerzas federales en las zonas más críticas, como Rosario, y movilizar a las fuerzas armadas para misiones de apoyo logístico para optimizar el despliegue operativo. Paralelamente, el esfuerzo se centrará en el desmantelamiento de los circuitos de blanqueo de activos y en el refuerzo del control de los ejes estratégicos, como las vías navegables. Así, ello permitiría desestructurar de manera duradera a las organizaciones criminales atacándolas simultáneamente en sus fuentes de ingresos y en su control territorial, restaurando así la autoridad del Estado y la seguridad de los ciudadanos."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "La idea sería romper con un enfoque fragmentado desplegando una estrategia integral para desmantelar el crimen organizado y restaurar la autoridad del Estado en todo el territorio. La prioridad es pasar de una lógica de mera reacción a una política de prevención y de desarticulación de las redes criminales. Para lograrlo, la acción debe apoyarse en una coordinación reforzada entre las fuerzas federales, la justicia y las diferentes agencias del Estado, modernizando la inteligencia criminal y el análisis económico de los delitos. Es imperativo desplegar más efectivos federales para asegurar las fronteras y emprender una reforma de la justicia para hacerla más eficaz, con la puesta en marcha de un sistema acusatorio y jurados populares. De ese modo, se podría desarticular a las organizaciones criminales atacando sus flujos financieros y logísticos, y garantizar un espacio público seguro para todos los ciudadanos."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "La idea sería sustituir el enfoque represivo por una política de seguridad basada en la erradicación de las causas sociales y económicas de la criminalidad, considerando que la violencia de las instituciones estatales es una parte integrante del problema. La prioridad consiste en retirar a las fuerzas policiales y de la gendarmería de los barrios populares, al tiempo que se procede a la disolución de los órganos de inteligencia internos. Paralelamente, el sistema judicial debe ser totalmente refundado mediante la elección popular de jueces y fiscales. La acción se centra en el desmantelamiento de las redes de criminalidad organizada, como la trata de personas, y en el fin de la impunidad por las violencias policiales. Así, ello permitiría instaurar una seguridad real y duradera, fundada en la justicia social y el control ciudadano, en lugar de la represión de las poblaciones más precarias."
}
] |
¿Cómo garantizar la financiación y la calidad de la educación (escuelas, universidades)?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "La idea sería refundar el sistema educativo sobre los principios de calidad, de excelencia y de mérito, para que vuelva a ser un verdadero motor de progreso social. El enfoque consiste en instaurar una sana competencia entre los centros, públicos y privados, fomentando la iniciativa de estos últimos y creando mecanismos de emulación para mejorar el rendimiento global. La progresión de las carreras de los docentes debe estar directamente ligada al mérito y a la responsabilidad, mientras que la lucha contra el adoctrinamiento ideológico en todos los niveles garantizará la neutralidad del saber. El objetivo es modernizar la totalidad del sistema mediante concursos y evaluaciones. Así, ello permitiría garantizar una educación de excelencia para todos, en particular en las zonas más vulnerables, asignando los recursos de manera más eficaz y reenfocando la escuela en su misión fundamental de transmisión de conocimientos."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "La idea sería concebir la educación como un derecho universal y una inversión estratégica, cuya calidad y acceso estén garantizados por un compromiso inquebrantable del Estado. Para lograrlo, el eje central es consagrar por ley un piso de inversión pública considerable, al tiempo que se persigue un amplio plan de construcción y modernización de las infraestructuras en todo el territorio. La revalorización de la carrera docente, a través de salarios atractivos y una formación continua de calidad, es una prioridad absoluta. El principio de gratuidad de la educación superior debe reafirmarse y su malla territorial ampliarse para garantizar una verdadera igualdad de oportunidades. Así, ello permitiría garantizar la movilidad social ascendente y dotar al país de las competencias humanas necesarias para su proyecto de desarrollo industrial y tecnológico soberano."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "La idea sería refundar el sistema educativo sobre bases de calidad y de rendimiento medibles, condicionando la financiación al logro de resultados concretos. El enfoque correcto consiste en instaurar un régimen de evaluación integral en todos los niveles, desde las escuelas hasta las universidades, y en vincular las transferencias de recursos al cumplimiento de planes de desarrollo con objetivos claros. La carrera docente se modernizará para recompensar el mérito, mientras que los programas se reforzarán en los conocimientos fundamentales y se articularán mejor con las necesidades del mundo laboral. Para la enseñanza superior, la asignación de fondos seguirá criterios objetivos y transparentes, con un seguimiento riguroso de su impacto. Así, ello permitiría mejorar la calidad de la enseñanza en todo el territorio, garantizar un uso más eficiente de los fondos públicos y preparar mejor a los jóvenes para su futuro profesional."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "La idea sería refundar el sistema educativo para convertirlo en el pilar de la justicia social y de la unidad nacional, corrigiendo las profundas desigualdades territoriales. La prioridad es un mayor compromiso del Estado central para reconstruir un verdadero sistema nacional que integre las diferencias y garantice una educación pública y privada de calidad en todos los niveles. Esto se traduce en la generalización de la jornada ampliada en la educación primaria, la integración de lo digital y la robótica como herramientas esenciales, y la valorización de la función docente mediante remuneraciones justas y una formación continua. La financiación de las universidades públicas será sostenida y mejorada, y se creará un cuarto nivel de formación profesional para vincular la educación con el mundo del trabajo. Así, esto permitiría garantizar una real igualdad de oportunidades para todos los jóvenes, preparar a las nuevas generaciones para los desafíos tecnológicos y reforzar la cohesión nacional mediante la educación."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "Se trataría de refundar el sistema educativo sobre los principios de un servicio público exclusivo, laico y totalmente gratuito en todos los niveles, desde la escuela hasta la universidad. La prioridad es la supresión inmediata de todas las subvenciones públicas a la enseñanza privada, así como la suspensión de la financiación estatal de las instituciones religiosas, para reasignar íntegramente esos fondos al sistema público. El enfoque implica la abrogación de la legislación vigente sobre la enseñanza superior para construir un sistema nacional unificado, gestionado por el Estado, que garantice un acceso universal, en particular mediante la provisión de conectividad gratuita para todos los alumnos y docentes. De este modo, se permitiría concentrar la totalidad de los recursos nacionales en una única red pública, asegurando una educación de alta calidad y accesible para todos, independientemente de su origen social, y liberada de cualquier influencia mercantil o confesional."
}
] |
¿Cómo reforzar el sistema de salud pública y el acceso a la atención sanitaria?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "La idea sería garantizar un acceso efectivo a la atención sanitaria atacando la corrupción y la ineficacia que lo socavan, en lugar de aumentar los presupuestos sin discernimiento. La prioridad es despolitizar la gestión de los establecimientos y consolidar la profesionalización del sector, instaurando políticas salariales que recompensen el mérito y la responsabilidad. La asignación de los recursos necesarios a los hospitales y centros de salud debe ir acompañada de un control estricto para erradicar la corrupción y el clientelismo, que constituyen los verdaderos obstáculos al acceso a la atención. Así, ello permitiría reconstruir un sistema de salud donde la calidad de la atención y la igualdad de acceso estén garantizadas por la competencia y la integridad, y no por las relaciones políticas."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "La idea sería consolidar la salud como un derecho humano fundamental, garantizado por un sistema público fuerte y universal. El enfoque adecuado consiste en reforzar la oferta pública mediante una inversión sostenida en infraestructuras de proximidad, al tiempo que se garantiza un acceso equitativo a los medicamentos a través de la producción nacional y la prescripción de genéricos. El marco regulatorio del sector privado debe endurecerse para eliminar las barreras de entrada y controlar los costos, asegurando que el acceso a la atención nunca esté condicionado por la capacidad de pago. Se pone el énfasis en la prevención, especialmente mediante un calendario de vacunación ampliado y gratuito. De este modo, se podría avanzar hacia una cobertura de salud realmente universal, solidaria y eficaz, que proteja a cada ciudadano independientemente de su condición económica o de su lugar de residencia."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "La idea sería refundar el sistema de salud en torno a un eje central: la integración de sus diferentes componentes (pública, privada y seguridad social) para garantizar un acceso equitativo a una atención de calidad en todo el territorio. El enfoque adecuado consiste en reforzar el papel de pilotaje del Estado para articular a la totalidad de los actores y mejorar la calidad de las prestaciones mediante estándares de acreditación claros. Se dará prioridad al desarrollo de la salud familiar y de la atención de proximidad, respaldada por una transformación digital, mientras que una nueva agencia nacional regulará el costo de los medicamentos y de las tecnologías de punta. Así, ello permitiría construir un sistema más eficiente y equitativo, donde la calidad de la atención ya no dependa del tipo de cobertura ni del lugar de residencia del paciente."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "La idea sería refundar a fondo el sistema de salud para garantizar un acceso a la atención eficaz, equitativo y moderno en todo el territorio. El enfoque consiste en establecer una autoridad única del Système National de Santé, integrando los niveles nacional, provincial y municipal para poner fin a la fragmentación actual. La organización de la atención se basará en redes integradas y regionales, articuladas en torno al primer nivel de atención. Se dará prioridad a la modernización mediante la digitalización de los historiales médicos, al fortalecimiento de la salud mental y a la valorización del personal sanitario. De este modo, permitiría construir un sistema más resiliente y centrado en la persona, asegurando una cobertura de calidad y un acceso más justo a la atención para todos los ciudadanos."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "La idea sería refundar el sistema de salud en un servicio público único y universal, exento de toda lógica de lucro y fragmentación. La iniciativa consiste en centralizar el conjunto de las estructuras de atención —públicas, privadas y de seguridad social— dentro de un único sistema estatal, puesto bajo el control democrático de los trabajadores y profesionales del sector. Para garantizar el acceso gratuito a los tratamientos, los laboratorios farmacéuticos serían nacionalizados sin indemnización y los medicamentos suministrados gratuitamente a toda la población. Las cajas de seguro de salud también serían integradas a este sistema, retirando su gestión a las direcciones sindicales para confiarla a comités de trabajadores elegidos. Así, ello permitiría garantizar un acceso equitativo y gratuito a atención de calidad para todos, reorientando todos los recursos hacia las necesidades de los pacientes."
}
] |
¿Qué relaciones exteriores privilegiar (región, Estados Unidos, China, BRICS, UE) y qué posicionamiento comercial?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "La idea sería realinear la política exterior en la defensa de los principios de libertad y soberanía, abandonando los alineamientos ideológicos en favor de relaciones pragmáticas. El eje central es la promoción del libre comercio como motor de desarrollo, lo que implica una apertura comercial unilateral y la búsqueda de acuerdos con todas las naciones que respeten el estado de derecho y la propiedad privada. En lugar de privilegiar bloques políticos, la estrategia consiste en dejar que el sector privado establezca vínculos donde se presenten las oportunidades. El Estado debe limitarse a eliminar los obstáculos internos, en particular los impuestos a la exportación y las cargas regulatorias. Así, ello permitiría una inserción inteligente en la economía mundial, atrayendo inversiones mediante la confianza y la estabilidad jurídica en lugar de por alianzas geopolíticas fluctuantes."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "La idea sería hacer de la integración regional la base de la política exterior, considerando el espacio latinoamericano como el marco natural para afirmar la soberanía y la autonomía estratégica. El enfoque consiste en profundizar la institucionalización de los organismos regionales para superar la mera lógica comercial en favor de una verdadera unión política, productiva y social. Las relaciones con los demás bloques y potencias mundiales deben estar subordinadas a esta prioridad, privilegiando asociaciones que respeten el modelo de desarrollo nacional sin imponer condicionalidades. El posicionamiento comercial debe ante todo servir a los intereses de la producción nacional. Así, ello permitiría construir un bloque regional influyente capaz de defender sus propios intereses en la escena mundial y de negociar de igual a igual, garantizando que la inserción internacional sirva al proyecto de desarrollo nacional y no al revés."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "La idea sería refundar la política exterior sobre una línea previsible, basada en la defensa de los intereses nacionales y de los principios democráticos, con el fin de maximizar las oportunidades de desarrollo productivo. La prioridad absoluta sería refundar el anclaje regional relanzando el Mercosur y la alianza estratégica con Brasil, que servirán de plataforma para una proyección global. A partir de esta base, el objetivo es acelerar la integración con las grandes economías finalizando el acuerdo con la Unión Europea y llevando a cabo el proceso de adhesión a la OCDE. Paralelamente, se emprenderá una diversificación de las negociaciones bilaterales para abrir nuevos mercados a las exportaciones, especialmente en Asia y en Oriente Medio. Así, esto permitiría posicionar al país como un socio previsible y transformar la acción exterior en una palanca directa del crecimiento de las exportaciones y del desarrollo productivo en todo el territorio."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "La idea sería reafirmar la vocación regional del país como la base de su inserción internacional y el motor de su desarrollo. La prioridad estratégica es consolidar el bloque regional y profundizar los vínculos con los socios vecinos, en particular para garantizar el acceso a los grandes mercados del Pacífico, en el marco de un regionalismo abierto que favorezca el multilateralismo. En el plano comercial, es imperativo multiplicar las exportaciones, eliminando todos los obstáculos y controles que frenan el pleno potencial de los sectores productivos y de los recursos estratégicos. El posicionamiento internacional del país debe apoyarse en una defensa activa de la paz, de los derechos humanos y de la protección del medio ambiente. Así, ello permitiría restablecer el prestigio internacional, generar las divisas indispensables para la estabilidad económica y convertir a la nación en un actor respetado en la escena mundial."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "La idea sería fundamentar la política exterior en un principio de soberanía absoluta y de internacionalismo de los pueblos, en ruptura total con las lógicas de alianzas entre Estados capitalistas, ya se trate de los Estados Unidos, de la Unión Europea o de otros bloques como los BRICS. El enfoque consiste en denunciar todos los pactos de subordinación a las potencias imperialistas y en exigir la retirada de toda presencia militar extranjera, como la de la OTAN. La posición comercial se basaría en la nacionalización completa del comercio exterior, con el fin de sustraerlo a los intereses de las multinacionales. El eje diplomático se reorientaría para apoyar activamente los movimientos de rebelión popular en todo el mundo, priorizando la construcción de una unidad socialista de América Latina. Así, ello permitiría sustituir la competencia comercial entre bloques por una verdadera política de integración fundada en la solidaridad entre los pueblos y la cooperación socialista internacional."
}
] |
¿Qué derechos y garantías, democráticos y humanos, deben ser protegidos o reafirmados?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "La idea sería reafirmar la primacía de los derechos individuales restaurando una aplicación estricta de las garantías constitucionales que protegen al ciudadano de la arbitrariedad del poder. El enfoque consiste en asegurar una separación intransigente de los poderes, santuarizando la independencia de la justicia y prohibiendo cualquier concentración de facultades extraordinarias en el seno del ejecutivo. Las libertades fundamentales, en primer lugar la vida, la propiedad privada y la libertad de expresión sin restricción alguna, deben ser protegidas de manera absoluta. La transparencia total de los actos de gobierno y el libre acceso a la información pública constituirán los instrumentos de este control ciudadano permanente. Así, ello permitiría consolidar un verdadero Estado de derecho donde la libertad individual es la norma y la acción del Estado, una excepción regulada."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "La idea sería concebir la democracia no como un logro adquirido, sino como un proceso continuo de consolidación y profundización, basado en una memoria histórica activa y en la ampliación constante de los derechos. La prioridad consiste en santuarizar la política de Mémoire, de Vérité et de Justice como una responsabilidad imprescriptible del Estado, garantizando la continuación de los juicios por crímenes de lesa humanidad. Paralelamente, es esencial reafirmar y fortalecer el arsenal legislativo que protege la igualdad de género, la diversidad sexual y el derecho a una vida sin violencia. La profundización democrática también pasa por la reforma de las instituciones clave, en particular asegurando la independencia del poder judicial frente a los poderes económicos y garantizando el pluralismo de los medios. Así, ello permitiría consolidar una república donde los derechos de cada individuo estén protegidos contra cualquier forma de discriminación y donde el pasado sirva de baluarte contra cualquier regresión autoritaria."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "La idea sería restaurar un orden republicano fundado en la independencia de la justicia y en la ejemplaridad del Estado, con el fin de garantizar las libertades fundamentales. El eje central es blindar al poder judicial frente a toda injerencia política, instaurando mecanismos de selección de magistrados basados en el mérito y la transparencia. Esta garantía institucional vendrá acompañada de una ofensiva contra la corrupción, mediante una ley de extinción de dominio para incautar los bienes mal adquiridos y otra para prohibir la aplicación del indulto a los condenados por tales hechos. La promoción de una ley de integridad pública tendrá por objeto prevenir los conflictos de interés y el nepotismo dentro del aparato del Estado. Así, ello permitiría consolidar un Estado de derecho en el que las instituciones protegen eficazmente al ciudadano contra la arbitrariedad del poder y en el que la ley se aplica a todos sin privilegios ni excepciones."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "La idea sería reafirmar los logros democráticos, basados en la memoria de los sacrificios pasados, colocando la dignidad humana y la calidad institucional en el corazón de la acción pública. La prioridad absoluta es garantizar la independencia de la justicia y una estricta separación de poderes, reforzando la transparencia y la rendición de cuentas. Paralelamente, es imperativo traducir estos principios en garantías concretas, luchando activamente contra las desigualdades de género y asegurando la protección de la integridad, de los derechos y de las oportunidades de las mujeres y de las diversidades. La acción del Estado debe asimismo proteger los derechos de la infancia, de los migrantes y de las comunidades indígenas. Así, esto permitiría consolidar un Estado de derecho plenamente efectivo, donde las libertades fundamentales no solo se proclaman sino que se defienden activamente, y donde cada ciudadano tiene asegurado un acceso equitativo a la justicia y a la protección del Estado."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "La idea sería sustituir a una democracia formal un control popular directo sobre todas las instituciones, con el fin de garantizar la inviolabilidad de las libertades individuales y colectivas frente al aparato represivo del Estado. El enfoque consiste en hacer revocables por los electores todos los mandatos públicos, incluidos los de jueces y fiscales, al tiempo que se limita la remuneración de los elegidos y altos funcionarios a la de un trabajador calificado. Es imperativo garantizar sin ningún impedimento el derecho a manifestarse, derogando todas las leyes de excepción, y asegurar una plena democracia sindical, libre de toda injerencia. Paralelamente, la aplicación efectiva del derecho al aborto y la protección contra todas las violencias y discriminaciones de género deben ser una prioridad absoluta. Así, ello permitiría desmantelar los mecanismos de impunidad y poner fin a la violencia institucional, fundando un orden político donde la justicia es impartida por el pueblo y donde los derechos humanos son una realidad material para todos."
}
] |
¿Qué política social respecto a las ayudas y « planes » (segmentación, condicionalidades, inserción)?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "La idea sería romper con la lógica del asistencialismo para convertir la ayuda social en un trampolín hacia el empleo, y no en una solución permanente. El enfoque correcto consiste en transformar los planes sociales en una asistencia estrictamente temporal y decreciente. Su pago estará condicionado a una contraprestación de servicio, concebida como una etapa hacia la integración en el mercado laboral formal. El objetivo final es la sustitución completa de estas ayudas por un empleo auténtico y productivo. Así, esto permitiría abordar las causas estructurales de la pobreza restaurando el valor del trabajo y ofreciendo una verdadera perspectiva de movilidad social, en lugar de mantener a las personas en una dependencia respecto del Estado."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "La idea sería concebir las ayudas sociales no como una asistencia temporal, sino como un pilar permanente de la justicia social y un instrumento de política económica. El enfoque adecuado consiste en consolidar una base de protección universal, especialmente para la infancia, con condicionalidades que garanticen el acceso a la educación y a la salud. Estos dispositivos no pretenden sustituir al trabajo, sino complementar los ingresos y fijar un umbral de dignidad. El objetivo principal es articularlos con políticas activas de formación y creación de empleos formales, haciendo del trabajo el principal vector de inserción. Así, ello permitiría garantizar la seguridad económica de los más vulnerables al tiempo que se estimula la demanda interna, creando un círculo virtuoso en el que la inclusión social y el crecimiento económico se refuerzan mutuamente."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "La idea sería romper con la lógica del asistencialismo condicionando la ayuda social a una trayectoria de inserción, con el fin de abordar las causas estructurales de la pobreza. El enfoque adecuado consiste en transformar los programas existentes en una ayuda directa, pagada sin intermediarios y de carácter temporal. Su pago estará estrictamente condicionado a una contrapartida efectiva, ya sea la finalización del recorrido escolar, una formación cualificante o una búsqueda activa de empleo. De este modo, se permitiría transformar una lógica de subvención de la pobreza en una verdadera inversión en el capital humano, donde el trabajo vuelve a ser el principal motor de la movilidad social."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "La idea sería romper con la lógica del asistencialismo para reemplazarla por un sistema que haga de la inserción mediante el trabajo el principal motor de la política social. La prioridad es dejar de subvencionar el desempleo para centrarse en la ayuda a la creación de empleos de calidad. Para las situaciones de emergencia, el acceso a los programas de ayuda debe ser directo y transparente, desconectándolo de cualquier intermediación política o sectorial con el fin de poner fin a las prácticas clientelares. El objetivo es superar las simples medidas de \"contención\" que perpetúan la dependencia. Así, ello permitiría restaurar la movilidad social ascendente y lograr que la dignidad de la persona esté asegurada por el trabajo y la autonomía, en lugar de por una ayuda estatal permanente."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "La idea sería sustituir el sistema fragmentado de ayudas focalizadas por un conjunto de derechos universales que garanticen un ingreso y un empleo para cada persona. El enfoque consiste en hacer obsoletos los planes de asistencia instaurando la prohibición de los despidos y la redistribución de las horas de trabajo para asegurar el pleno empleo. En lugar de prestaciones condicionadas, se garantizaría a todos los trabajadores y pensionistas un ingreso mínimo vital, indexado mensualmente al coste de la vida y que cubra la totalidad de las necesidades, complementado por prestaciones familiares universales. De este modo, permitiría erradicar la precariedad y la dependencia al tratar las causas estructurales del desempleo y la pobreza, haciendo del trabajo y de un ingreso digno derechos efectivos en lugar de objetivos de inserción."
}
] |
¿Qué estrategia ambiental y energética (litio, Vaca Muerta, transición, impactos territoriales)?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "La idea sería tratar los recursos naturales como una palanca de desarrollo económico bajo soberanía provincial, favoreciendo su explotación por el sector privado. El enfoque adecuado consiste en atraer inversiones para la extracción de los recursos energéticos y mineros garantizando un marco jurídico estable y la protección de la propiedad. El desarrollo se califica como sostenible, lo que implica reinvertir una parte de los ingresos, como las regalías petroleras, en la mejora de la competitividad e instaurar órganos de control independientes para hacer cumplir la ley ambiental sin frenar la iniciativa privada. Así, eso permitiría financiar el crecimiento con la riqueza generada localmente, apostando por la responsabilidad del sector privado en lugar de por una planificación estatal de la transición energética."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "La idea sería movilizar los recursos energéticos estratégicos como palanca de un desarrollo industrial soberano y de una mayor autonomía nacional. El enfoque consiste en pilotar la explotación de los hidrocarburos, incluidos los no convencionales, por una empresa pública fuerte, al mismo tiempo que se acelera en paralelo la diversificación de la matriz mediante la energía nuclear y las renovables. La puesta en valor de estos recursos debe imperativamente respetar las normas ambientales y garantizar que las repercusiones económicas, en términos de empleos y actividad, beneficien directamente a los territorios concernidos. Así, ello permitiría alcanzar la autosuficiencia en el marco de una transición energética controlada, que sirva a los objetivos de crecimiento industrial y de desarrollo territorial equilibrado."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "Sería conveniente desplegar una estrategia energética pragmática, que movilice todos los recursos nacionales para convertirlos en una palanca de desarrollo sostenible. El enfoque adecuado consiste en estimular paralelamente la explotación de hidrocarburos para garantizar la seguridad del suministro, y el desarrollo de las energías renovables para acompañar la transición energética. También se tratará de valorizar los minerales estratégicos como el litio, imponiendo estándares ambientales elevados y transparentes. El conjunto de esta política se inscribirá en una estrategia climática a largo plazo, que armonice el crecimiento económico con el uso sostenible de los recursos. Así, ello permitiría posicionar al país como un proveedor de energía fiable y diversificado en la escena mundial, transformando su potencial natural en un motor de crecimiento económico respetuoso con el medio ambiente."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "La idea sería articular el desarrollo productivo y la protección del medio ambiente, superando la falsa oposición entre ambos. La prioridad consiste en explotar de manera estratégica los recursos naturales como el gas de Vaca Muerta y el litio para generar divisas, al mismo tiempo que se emprende una transición energética progresiva. Dicha transición se apoyará en las energías limpias y el potencial de la bioeconomía, en particular mediante un aumento gradual de la participación de los biocarburantes en los combustibles. Este eje va acompañado de compromisos firmes: alcanzar el \"cero deforestación neta\" para 2030 y garantizar la eliminación inmediata de los plásticos de un solo uso. Así, ello permitiría asegurar la independencia energética, fortalecer la producción federal con valor agregado y cumplir con los compromisos climáticos internacionales."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "La idea sería poner fin al saqueo de los recursos naturales y a la destrucción del medio ambiente sustituyendo al modelo extractivista por una gestión soberana y sostenible. La medida central consiste en prohibir de inmediato las actividades más devastadoras, como la fracturación hidráulica (Vaca Muerta) y la megaexplotación minera a cielo abierto. Todas las empresas multinacionales de estos sectores serían expropiadas sin indemnización y sus activos nacionalizados. La gestión de estos recursos estratégicos, incluyendo el litio y los hidrocarburos, quedaría entonces confiada al control directo de los trabajadores y de las comunidades territoriales afectadas, que también supervisarían la reparación de los daños ecológicos causados. De este modo, ello permitiría elaborar un plan energético nacional que responda a las necesidades de la población al tiempo que garantice la protección de los ecosistemas."
}
] |
¿Es necesario modificar marcos recientes en materia de derechos reproductivos y de igualdad de género, y de ser así, cómo?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "La idea sería asegurar la coherencia de todo el marco legal con el principio fundamental e irrevocable de la protección del derecho a la vida. El enfoque consiste en reconsiderar toda legislación reciente que entre en conflicto directo con esta garantía esencial. La protección de la vida se plantea como un límite absoluto a la acción del Estado, al igual que la defensa de la libertad individual y de la propiedad. No se trata de imponer una moral particular, sino de aplicar de manera estricta un principio superior. Así, ello permitiría restaurar la primacía de este derecho inalienable sobre marcos normativos más recientes, alineando la legislación con los valores fundamentales defendidos."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "La idea sería considerar los avances en materia de derechos reproductivos y de igualdad de género como pilares fundamentales e innegociables del proyecto de sociedad. El enfoque adecuado consiste, por tanto, en santuarizar el arsenal legislativo existente que garantiza la identidad de género, el matrimonio para todos, el acceso a la salud reproductiva y la protección integral contra las violencias machistas. En ningún caso se trata de modificar estos marcos, sino, por el contrario, de garantizar su plena y entera aplicación en todo el territorio. Así, ello permitiría oponerse firmemente a cualquier intento de regresión y consolidar una sociedad fundada en la igualdad, donde los derechos conquistados constituyen la base de nuevos avances."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "La idea sería concentrar la acción a favor de la igualdad de género en la reducción de las desigualdades económicas y profesionales, que constituyen el principal obstáculo para la autonomía de las mujeres. El enfoque adecuado consiste en desmantelar las barreras que frenan el acceso de las mujeres al mercado de trabajo, abordando en particular la carga desigual del trabajo no remunerado y las tareas de cuidado. Los esfuerzos se orientarán prioritariamente a aumentar la tasa de actividad femenina y a reforzar la presencia de las mujeres en las instancias de negociación colectiva. Así, se permitiría construir una igualdad concreta, fundada en la emancipación económica, haciendo de la plena participación de las mujeres un motor indispensable para el desarrollo del país."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "La idea sería garantizar y profundizar los derechos adquiridos, concentrándose en las acciones que transforman la igualdad legal en una igualdad de hecho. La prioridad es abordar de manera estructural las desigualdades de género, yendo más allá del simple reconocimiento formal de los derechos. El enfoque consiste en desplegar una política integral que asegure la protección contra la violencia de género como una prioridad absoluta del Estado, al mismo tiempo que aborda las desigualdades económicas. Esto implica instrumentos concretos: la promoción de empleos de calidad para las mujeres y las diversidades, la puesta en marcha de un sistema nacional de cuidados que reconozca y alivie la carga del trabajo no remunerado, y políticas de compensación como la extensión de los permisos parentales y la creación de centros de primera infancia. Así, esto permitiría garantizar la autonomía económica de las mujeres y las diversidades y asegurar su plena participación en la sociedad, construyendo un marco donde la igualdad de oportunidades sea una realidad tangible y ya no solo una aspiración."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "La idea sería ir más allá del simple reconocimiento legal de los derechos para garantizar su plena materialización, protegiéndolos de cualquier intento de retroceso y universalizándolos. La prioridad absoluta es asegurar la aplicación efectiva y universal de la legislación sobre la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo, asignando los presupuestos necesarios para protegerla de cualquier injerencia. Esto implica combatir las violencias de género con recursos dedicados, garantizar el principio \"a igual trabajo, igual salario\", y desplegar una educación sexual integral, laica y científica. La protección debe extenderse a todas las formas de orientación sexual e identidad de género, aboliendo toda legislación discriminatoria. Así, esto permitiría transformar los marcos legales en garantías materiales e inviolables, arraigando una cultura de igualdad y libertad sexual efectiva, apoyada activamente por el Estado."
}
] |
Comment contenir l’inflation et stabiliser les prix à court et moyen terme ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "L'idée serait de s'attaquer aux causes structurelles de la hausse des prix, qui résident dans le déséquilibre budgétaire et la pression fiscale excessive. La priorité est une réduction drastique des dépenses publiques improductives et l'arrêt de toute nouvelle augmentation d'impôts, afin d'assainir les finances de l'État. Parallèlement, la baisse des charges fiscales et la levée des freins réglementaires à l'initiative privée doivent stimuler la production et l'investissement. L'objectif est de ne plus recourir à des financements qui dévaluent la monnaie. Ainsi, cela permettrait de restaurer la confiance et d'établir une stabilité monétaire durable, fondée sur une discipline budgétaire stricte plutôt que sur des mesures de contrôle des prix."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "L'idée serait de s'attaquer aux causes structurelles de la hausse des prix en restaurant la capacité de production nationale et en stimulant le marché intérieur. L'approche consiste à orienter les investissements publics et privés vers la réindustrialisation afin de substituer les importations, tout en assurant une gestion souveraine de la dette pour protéger l'économie des chocs externes et de la spéculation financière. La régulation des secteurs stratégiques, notamment énergétique, est un levier essentiel pour maîtriser les coûts de production. Cette politique de l'offre doit s'accompagner d'un soutien au pouvoir d'achat pour garantir une demande solide et pérenne. Ainsi, cela permettrait une stabilisation des prix fondée sur une croissance réelle et une plus grande autonomie économique, plutôt que sur des ajustements monétaires restrictifs."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "L'idée serait de rompre avec les logiques inflationnistes en restaurant les équilibres macroéconomiques fondamentaux. L’axe central est l’atteinte rapide de l’équilibre budgétaire primaire, obtenue par une maîtrise des dépenses publiques et la fin des régimes d’exception. En parallèle, l'indépendance de la banque centrale doit être sanctuarisée par une nouvelle charte organique, avec pour mandat prioritaire la stabilité des prix. Cette approche sera complétée par une unification rapide du régime de change et la levée des contrôles pour mettre fin aux distorsions. Ainsi, cela permettrait de réduire drastiquement et durablement l’inflation, en restaurant la crédibilité de la monnaie et en posant les bases d’un environnement économique prévisible, indispensable à l'investissement et à la création d'emplois."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "L'idée serait de s'attaquer aux racines structurelles de l'inflation à travers un plan de stabilisation complet, refusant les solutions de facilité. L'objectif est de restaurer la confiance dans une monnaie saine et forte, condition indispensable à la prévisibilité économique. Pour y parvenir, la démarche combine une discipline monétaire rigoureuse et la recherche de l'équilibre budgétaire, atteint non par des coupes brutales mais par un ordonnancement rationnel des priorités et la suppression des dépenses superflues. Simultanément, il est impératif de reconstituer les réserves de change et d'instaurer un système fiscal stable qui encourage l'investissement productif. Ainsi, cela permettrait de rompre la spirale inflationniste et de redonner aux acteurs économiques la visibilité nécessaire pour planifier, investir et créer de l'emploi."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "L'idée serait de rompre avec la logique spéculative en reprenant le contrôle des leviers économiques pour garantir la stabilité du pouvoir d'achat de la population. L'axe central consiste à indexer mensuellement l'ensemble des revenus, salaires comme pensions, sur l'augmentation réelle du coût de la vie, tout en supprimant la fiscalité indirecte sur les biens de première nécessité. Cette politique doit s'accompagner de la nationalisation du secteur bancaire et du commerce extérieur pour maîtriser les flux de capitaux et de la mise en place de comités de contrôle des prix. Parallèlement, les tarifs des services publics essentiels seraient gelés et la dette extérieure répudiée afin de libérer des ressources budgétaires. Ainsi, cela permettrait de neutraliser l'érosion du pouvoir d'achat et de stabiliser durablement l'économie en la réorientant vers la satisfaction des besoins collectifs."
}
] |
Quel régime monétaire adopter (maintien du peso, dollarisation, réforme/abolition de la Banque centrale) ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "L'idée serait de retirer définitivement la gestion de la monnaie des mains du pouvoir politique, afin de garantir une stabilité des prix qui ne soit pas sujette aux aléas budgétaires. La solution la plus cohérente et pérenne consiste à supprimer la banque centrale, l'institution même qui permet le financement des déficits par l'émission monétaire. Cette mesure radicale imposerait une discipline budgétaire stricte à l'État, qui serait contraint de financer ses dépenses par des ressources légitimes. Un tel système mettrait fin à la manipulation de la monnaie à des fins politiques. Ainsi, cela permettrait d'éradiquer l'inflation à la source et de rebâtir la confiance dans l'économie sur des fondations saines et durables."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "L'idée serait de préserver la souveraineté monétaire comme un outil indispensable au service du développement économique et de la stabilité sociale. L'approche adéquate consiste à rejeter toute forme de dollarisation, qui reviendrait à renoncer aux instruments de politique économique. Il s'agit de conforter le rôle de la banque centrale dans la gestion des réserves et la régulation financière, en articulation avec une politique de désendettement souverain qui limite les pressions extérieures. La priorité est de renforcer la monnaie nationale en la fondant sur une économie productive et un marché intérieur solide. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir une monnaie stable, dont la valeur repose sur la force de l'économie réelle et la capacité de l'État à mener une politique indépendante."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "L'idée serait de renforcer la souveraineté monétaire en dotant le pays d’une monnaie stable et crédible, plutôt que de s’engager dans une dollarisation. La bonne approche consiste à garantir l’indépendance de la Banque centrale via une nouvelle charte organique, en lui assignant un mandat prioritaire et strict de lutte contre l’inflation. Cette refondation institutionnelle s’accompagnera de la suppression des contrôles de change et de l’unification rapide des différents taux pour mettre fin aux distorsions. Ainsi, cela permettrait de restaurer la confiance dans la monnaie et de redonner de la prévisibilité aux acteurs économiques, sans renoncer à un outil de politique monétaire essentiel."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "L'idée serait de préserver la souveraineté monétaire en restaurant la valeur et la crédibilité de la monnaie nationale, plutôt que d'adopter une devise étrangère. La priorité est de garantir la force et la stabilité de cette monnaie par une gestion rigoureuse et prévisible. Cela passe par une discipline stricte en matière d’émission monétaire, en rupture avec le financement systématique du déficit budgétaire. L’action de l’autorité monétaire doit être recentrée sur ses missions fondamentales : la préservation du pouvoir d'achat des citoyens et la recomposition des réserves de change. Ainsi, cela permettrait de rétablir la confiance, fondement d'une économie stable et d'un environnement propice à l'investissement et à la production."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "L'idée serait de garantir une souveraineté monétaire totale en plaçant le système financier au service exclusif de l'économie nationale, à l'opposé de toute forme de dépendance extérieure. La bonne approche consiste à nationaliser l'intégralité du secteur bancaire et du commerce extérieur, afin d'exercer un contrôle strict sur les flux de capitaux et de stopper la fuite des devises. Cette reprise en main, couplée à une rupture avec les créanciers internationaux, affranchit l'économie des conditionnalités externes et préserve les réserves de change. Ainsi, cela permettrait de stabiliser la monnaie nationale en la protégeant de la spéculation et de réorienter le crédit vers les priorités productives et sociales du pays."
}
] |
Quelle stratégie vis-à-vis de la dette et de l’accord avec le FMI ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "L'idée serait de traiter le surendettement comme un symptôme de l'irresponsabilité budgétaire chronique, et non comme un problème à régler par des négociations externes. La priorité absolue est de mettre en œuvre un plan de consolidation budgétaire unilatéral et rigoureux, fondé sur une réduction drastique des dépenses publiques et des réformes structurelles de l'État. L'objectif n'est pas de demander de nouvelles conditions, mais de démontrer une capacité de remboursement retrouvée grâce à un excédent primaire. Le respect des engagements devient la conséquence d'une gestion saine, et non l'inverse. Ainsi, cela permettrait de restaurer la confiance, de retrouver un accès volontaire aux marchés du crédit et de mettre fin au cycle de l'endettement et des renflouements."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "L'idée serait de poursuivre une gestion souveraine de la dette, en la subordonnant aux objectifs de croissance économique et de développement national. La démarche consiste à renégocier les accords en vigueur pour aligner les échéances sur la capacité de paiement réelle, sans imposer de sacrifices à la population ni freiner l'activité productive. L'axe central est de refuser les conditions qui entravent le développement et de défendre l'intérêt national face aux créanciers spéculatifs. Tout nouvel endettement doit être conditionné à son orientation vers des projets productifs et non à la simple couverture des déficits. Ainsi, cela permettrait de restaurer l'autonomie politique et de dégager les marges de manœuvre budgétaires nécessaires au financement du développement économique et social du pays."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "L'idée serait de restaurer la crédibilité du pays pour assurer la soutenabilité de la dette, en agissant sur les causes internes de l'endettement plutôt qu'en se focalisant sur sa renégociation. La priorité absolue est d'atteindre l'équilibre budgétaire primaire par une rationalisation des dépenses publiques et la mise en œuvre de réformes structurelles qui libèrent le potentiel productif et exportateur de l'économie. Ce plan de stabilisation interne, rigoureux et crédible, doit constituer le socle de la relation avec les créanciers internationaux. Ainsi, cela permettrait de sortir d’une logique de dépendance pour établir une relation de confiance durable, où le respect des engagements découle de la solidité de l'économie nationale plutôt que de contraintes extérieures."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "L'idée serait de bâtir une stratégie durable de gestion de la dette fondée sur la restauration de la crédibilité nationale, afin de sortir d'un cycle de crises récurrentes. L'axe central consiste à mettre en œuvre un programme de stabilisation intégral et crédible, articulé autour d'un équilibre budgétaire soutenable et d'une gestion monétaire prudente. C'est sur la base de ce plan interne souverain, et non sur des ajustements imposés de l'extérieur, que les engagements financiers doivent être redéfinis. L'objectif est d'aligner les échéances sur la capacité de croissance réelle de l'économie, à travers un dialogue constructif avec les créanciers. Ainsi, cela permettrait de parvenir à une soutenabilité de la dette à long terme, de restaurer l'accès aux financements internationaux à des conditions raisonnables et de libérer des ressources pour l'investissement productif."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "L'idée serait de restaurer la souveraineté économique et budgétaire en rompant unilatéralement avec les créanciers internationaux et leurs conditionnalités. La démarche centrale consiste à déclarer la suspension immédiate des paiements et à répudier la dette extérieure, considérée comme illégitime, ce qui annule de fait l'accord en vigueur. Cette décision doit être sécurisée par la nationalisation du secteur bancaire et du commerce extérieur afin de prévenir la fuite des capitaux et de garantir le contrôle national sur les ressources stratégiques. Ainsi, cela permettrait de libérer des moyens budgétaires massifs pour les réorienter vers le financement des salaires, des services publics et de la production nationale, au lieu de les destiner au service d'une dette jugée frauduleuse."
}
] |
Faut-il maintenir, cibler ou réduire les subventions aux services publics (énergie, transport) ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "L'idée serait de mettre fin au système de subventions généralisées, qui fausse les signaux de prix et constitue une charge insoutenable pour les finances publiques. L'approche consiste en leur suppression progressive mais intégrale, afin que les tarifs de l'énergie et des transports reflètent leurs coûts réels de production et de distribution. Cette démarche est un pilier non négociable de l'assainissement budgétaire, car elle élimine une source majeure de dépenses improductives et d'interventionnisme étatique. L'objectif est de libérer des ressources tout en encourageant une consommation plus rationnelle. Ainsi, cela permettrait d'atteindre l'équilibre budgétaire et d'inciter les entreprises du secteur à investir pour améliorer leur efficacité sans dépendre de l'aide de l'État."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "L'idée serait de concevoir les subventions aux services essentiels non comme une charge, mais comme un levier stratégique de justice sociale et de compétitivité économique. La bonne approche consiste à maintenir un système de compensations tarifaires pour garantir des tarifs raisonnables et prévisibles. Ce mécanisme protège le pouvoir d'achat des ménages, en particulier les plus modestes, et assure la maîtrise des coûts logistiques et énergétiques pour l'appareil productif national. Il s'agit d'un outil de redistribution du revenu assumé, essentiel au bon fonctionnement du marché intérieur. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir l'accès universel à ces services publics fondamentaux, tout en stimulant la demande et en renforçant la cohésion sociale et territoriale."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "L'idée serait de sortir d'un système de subventions généralisées pour restaurer la vérité des prix et l'équilibre budgétaire. La bonne approche consiste à engager une rationalisation des aides publiques, en particulier dans les secteurs de l'énergie et des transports, afin que les tarifs reflètent progressivement les coûts réels de production et de distribution. Cet effort s’inscrit dans une politique globale de maîtrise des dépenses et de suppression des régimes d’exception qui alimentent le déficit structurel. Ainsi, cela permettrait d'assainir durablement les finances publiques, d'encourager une consommation plus responsable et d'inciter à une allocation plus efficiente des ressources dans l'économie en mettant fin à des distorsions coûteuses."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "L'idée serait de substituer le régime actuel des subventions, source de déséquilibre budgétaire et d'iniquité territoriale, par un mécanisme rationnel et transparent. La priorité est d'appliquer un critère de gestion strictement fédéral au transport et à l'énergie, afin que les ressources et les aides soient distribuées de manière équitable sur tout le territoire. Cette réorientation doit se faire de manière ordonnée, en se basant sur une hiérarchisation claire des priorités et non sur des coupes budgétaires brutales, en rupture avec la logique centraliste. Ainsi, cela permettrait de corriger les asymétries profondes qui entravent le développement harmonieux du pays, tout en contribuant à la consolidation d'un équilibre budgétaire durable."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "L'idée serait de traiter l'accès à l'énergie et aux transports non comme une marchandise soumise au marché, mais comme un droit fondamental pour tous les foyers. La démarche prioritaire est l'annulation pure et simple de toutes les augmentations de tarifs. Pour y parvenir, l'approche consiste à nationaliser l'intégralité des entreprises privatisées des secteurs de l'énergie et des transports, en les plaçant sous le contrôle direct des travailleurs et des usagers. Le financement de ces services essentiels serait alors assuré par un plan national garantissant un accès universel à bas coût. Ainsi, cela permettrait de sortir ces secteurs de la logique de profit et d'assurer un service public stable et accessible à l'ensemble de la population, la protégeant définitivement de la volatilité des prix."
}
] |
Quelle politique de revenus et de l’emploi pour protéger le pouvoir d’achat et réduire la pauvreté ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "L'idée serait de substituer la culture de l'assistanat par celle du travail et du mérite, car seul un emploi productif peut garantir une augmentation durable du pouvoir d'achat. L'axe central est une réforme profonde de la législation du travail pour flexibiliser l'embauche et réduire l'emploi informel, accompagnée d'une baisse significative des charges qui pèsent sur la production. Les plans sociaux seront progressivement remplacés par un système d'aide temporaire, strictement conditionné à une contrepartie de service et orienté vers l'insertion rapide sur le marché du travail. Ainsi, cela permettrait de réduire la pauvreté de manière structurelle en restaurant la dignité par le travail et en assurant une véritable mobilité sociale."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "L'idée serait de restaurer la centralité du travail comme principal outil d'intégration sociale et de répartition des richesses. L'axe central repose sur la redynamisation des négociations collectives annuelles et la revalorisation continue du salaire minimum pour garantir un plancher de revenus décent et une part équitable de la valeur produite. En parallèle, une politique industrielle active doit viser le plein emploi en créant des postes de qualité et en luttant contre l'informalité. Ce socle est complété par des allocations universelles qui assurent les droits fondamentaux des enfants et des adolescents. Ainsi, cela permettrait de stimuler un cercle vertueux où la production est tirée par une demande intérieure robuste, assurant une réduction structurelle de la pauvreté."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "L'idée serait de faire du travail formel le pilier de la protection du pouvoir d'achat et de la lutte contre la pauvreté, en restaurant sa capacité à générer un revenu digne. L'approche consiste à lever les freins à l'embauche, notamment pour les petites entreprises, et à déployer un nouveau cadre légal et fiscal pour intégrer le vaste secteur informel à l'économie. En parallèle, les programmes sociaux seront profondément transformés pour devenir des aides directes, temporaires et conditionnées à la formation ou à la recherche d'emploi, en supprimant toute intermédiation. Ainsi, cela permettrait de remplacer une logique d'assistance par une dynamique de mobilité sociale, en s'attaquant aux causes structurelles de la pauvreté par la création d'emplois de qualité."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "L'idée serait de refonder la politique sociale en substituant une logique d'assistance par une stratégie axée sur la création de travail digne, seul véritable levier de protection du pouvoir d'achat. La priorité est de restaurer la mobilité sociale ascendante en faisant de la création d'emplois le moteur de la lutte contre la pauvreté. Pour y parvenir, il est essentiel d'engager un processus d'intégration progressive des millions de travailleurs informels vers des postes de qualité, enregistrés et dotés de salaires justes. Parallèlement, l'accès aux programmes sociaux d'urgence doit être garanti sans aucune intermédiation politique ou sectorielle afin de mettre fin aux logiques clientélistes. Ainsi, cela permettrait de réduire la pauvreté de manière structurelle et d'assurer une amélioration durable du pouvoir d'achat fondée sur le travail et la productivité, et non sur la dépendance."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "L'idée serait d'instaurer une sécurité matérielle complète pour l'ensemble des travailleurs, actifs comme retraités, en garantissant à la fois le niveau des revenus et la stabilité de l'emploi. L'axe central est d'établir un salaire minimum et une pension plancher équivalents au coût réel de la vie, avec une indexation mensuelle systématique de tous les revenus sur l'inflation. Cette protection du pouvoir d'achat est complétée par la suppression de l'impôt sur le revenu salarial et de la TVA sur les produits de première nécessité. Sur le front de l'emploi, la stratégie repose sur l'interdiction formelle des licenciements, couplée à une réduction du temps de travail sans perte de salaire pour atteindre le plein emploi et généraliser les contrats à durée indéterminée. Ainsi, cela permettrait d'éradiquer la pauvreté en assurant que chaque revenu couvre les besoins essentiels, tout en éliminant le chômage et la précarité par une réorganisation complète du marché du travail."
}
] |
Quelle réforme de la fiscalité (impôts, taxes à l’exportation) pour stimuler la production sans détériorer les comptes publics ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "L'idée serait d'engager une réduction massive de la charge fiscale afin de libérer l'investissement et la production, en la finançant non pas par la dette, mais par un programme d'austérité budgétaire rigoureux qui cible les dépenses improductives de l'État. Cette approche implique la suppression des taxes qui pénalisent les exportations et un allègement général des impôts sur l'activité économique. L'équilibre des comptes publics doit découler de la discipline des dépenses, et non de prélèvements confiscatoires qui étouffent l'initiative privée. Ainsi, cela permettrait de créer un cercle vertueux où la baisse de la pression étatique stimule la croissance, laquelle élargit naturellement la base taxable à long terme."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "L'idée serait de concevoir la fiscalité comme un instrument stratégique pour orienter le modèle de développement, en privilégiant l'ajout de valeur et la production nationale. La bonne approche consiste à maintenir un système de prélèvements sur les exportations de matières premières, dont les revenus sont réinvestis de manière ciblée dans les infrastructures et le soutien à la petite et moyenne production. Cette redistribution des rentes extraordinaires est un levier essentiel pour financer la diversification de l'appareil productif et garantir l'équilibre des comptes. La politique fiscale doit ainsi favoriser l'investissement industriel plutôt que la spéculation. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir des recettes publiques solides et prévisibles, non pas en freinant l'activité, mais en accompagnant une croissance économique plus équilibrée et souveraine."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "L'idée serait de reconfigurer le système fiscal pour qu'il cesse de pénaliser la production et l'investissement, en inscrivant cette réforme dans un cadre de stricte discipline budgétaire. La bonne approche consiste à engager une baisse responsable et progressive des impôts les plus pénalisants, en donnant la priorité à l'allègement des taxes sur les exportations, des impôts sur le chiffre d'affaires et des charges pesant sur le travail formel. Cette évolution est indissociable de l'atteinte de l'équilibre budgétaire primaire, obtenue par une rationalisation des dépenses publiques. Ainsi, cela permettrait de restaurer la compétitivité de l'économie, de stimuler l'investissement et de favoriser la création d'emplois, sans compromettre la nécessaire soutenabilité des finances publiques."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "L'idée serait d'engager une réforme structurelle du système fiscal pour qu'il cesse de pénaliser la production et devienne un levier de croissance. La priorité est d'instaurer un régime tributaire simplifié, stable et progressif qui encourage l'investissement productif et la création d'emplois. Cela implique une mesure phare : l'élimination graduelle et totale des taxes à l'exportation. En parallèle, des incitations fiscales spécifiques seront créées pour les PME qui réinvestissent leurs bénéfices. L'équilibre des comptes publics sera atteint non par des ajustements brutaux, mais par une rationalisation des dépenses et, surtout, par l'élargissement de l'assiette fiscale généré par la croissance économique. Ainsi, cela permettrait de stimuler l'offre, de formaliser l'économie et d'assurer une consolidation budgétaire durable fondée sur une production accrue plutôt que sur une pression fiscale excessive."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "L'idée serait d'opérer une refonte complète du système fiscal pour qu'il cesse de peser sur la consommation et le travail, et devienne un levier de financement de l'État par la contribution des plus grandes fortunes et des profits du capital. L'approche consiste à supprimer intégralement l'impôt sur les salaires et la TVA appliquée aux produits de première nécessité. En parallèle, les comptes publics seraient consolidés par l'instauration d'impôts progressifs sur les grandes fortunes, de taxes extraordinaires sur les profits des grands groupes capitalistes et d'une fiscalité dissuasive sur les logements vacants. Le contrôle des revenus à l'exportation serait garanti non par des taxes, mais par la nationalisation du commerce extérieur. Ainsi, cela permettrait de soutenir la demande intérieure en augmentant le pouvoir d'achat populaire, tout en assurant des recettes publiques robustes et pérennes fondées sur la richesse accumulée et les profits spéculatifs plutôt que sur la production."
}
] |
Quelle place pour les privatisations et pour les entreprises publiques (ex. YPF, Aerolíneas) ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "L'idée serait de retirer l'État de toutes les activités commerciales et productives qui ne relèvent pas de ses missions fondamentales, car sa présence y est une source d'inefficacité, de déficit et de distorsion de la concurrence. La bonne approche consiste à transférer au secteur privé l'ensemble des entreprises publiques opérant dans des marchés concurrentiels, via un programme de privatisation transparent. Pour les autres domaines, le recours à l'externalisation des services doit être systématique afin de réduire le périmètre de l'administration. Il ne s'agit pas de réformer la gestion étatique, mais de la remplacer par la discipline et l'efficacité du secteur privé. Ainsi, cela permettrait de réduire drastiquement la dépense publique, d'éliminer d'importants foyers de clientélisme et d'améliorer la qualité des services offerts aux citoyens grâce à la concurrence."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "L'idée serait de renforcer le rôle de l'État comme acteur économique direct dans les secteurs vitaux, en consolidant les entreprises publiques comme des piliers de la souveraineté et du développement. La bonne approche consiste à écarter toute logique de privatisation et à consolider la gestion étatique des actifs stratégiques, notamment dans l'énergie et les transports. Ces entreprises ne doivent pas être guidées par le seul profit, mais par des objectifs de planification nationale, de sécurité d'approvisionnement et de connectivité territoriale. Leur pilotage direct par l'État est la condition pour orienter les investissements vers le long terme et garantir un service universel. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir que les secteurs clés de l'économie répondent à l'intérêt général et contribuent à un développement industriel plus autonome et à une meilleure intégration du territoire."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "L'idée serait de mettre un terme à la logique de déficit systématique des entreprises publiques en les soumettant à une exigence de performance et d'autofinancement. La bonne approche consiste à les placer sous une supervision professionnelle, indépendante de toute ingérence politique, avec pour mandat de générer de la valeur. Leur gestion sera tenue de respecter des objectifs de performance économique précis, mesurables et comparables, ainsi que des standards de transparence et d'intégrité équivalents à ceux des sociétés cotées en Bourse. Ainsi, cela permettrait de supprimer le besoin de subventions nationales pour couvrir leurs pertes, et de les transformer en actifs performants contribuant à la richesse collective plutôt qu'en un fardeau pour le contribuable."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "L'idée serait de redéfinir le périmètre d'intervention de l'État pour le recentrer sur ses fonctions stratégiques et la création d'un cadre propice à l'investissement privé. L'objectif n'est pas de gérer directement l'économie, mais de libérer le potentiel du secteur productif national. La priorité est de garantir des règles du jeu claires et une sécurité juridique qui encouragent la création et le développement d'entreprises. L'action publique doit se concentrer sur ses missions essentielles et sur la construction d'un écosystème favorable à l'innovation, agissant comme un partenaire du secteur privé plutôt que comme un acteur économique concurrent. Ainsi, cela permettrait une allocation plus efficace des ressources, une stimulation durable de l'investissement et une croissance économique tirée par la production et la compétitivité."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "L'idée serait d'inverser le processus de privatisation en reprenant le contrôle public de tous les secteurs stratégiques de l'économie. La démarche centrale consiste à nationaliser, sans indemnisation, l'intégralité des entreprises privatisées, notamment dans les domaines de l'énergie (pétrole, gaz), des transports (ferroviaire, ports), de la finance et du commerce extérieur. Le point fondamental de cette approche est que la gestion de ces entreprises désormais publiques ne serait pas confiée à une bureaucratie d'État, mais directement à leurs travailleurs, en coordination avec des comités d'usagers. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir que les leviers économiques de la nation soient orientés vers la satisfaction des besoins collectifs et le développement national, plutôt que vers la maximisation des profits privés."
}
] |
Quelle politique de sécurité face à la criminalité et au narcotrafic (ex. Rosario) ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "L'idée serait de réaffirmer la protection de l'intégrité physique des citoyens comme la mission première et non négociable de l'État. Pour y parvenir, il faut mobiliser l'ensemble des ressources et des moyens nécessaires pour mener une lutte frontale et sans concession contre la délinquance et le narcotrafic. L'approche consiste à utiliser pleinement le monopole de la force légitime pour démanteler les réseaux criminels, garantir l'intégrité des personnes et de leurs biens, et rompre avec toute forme de laxisme. Il s'agit de faire de la reprise en main du territoire une priorité opérationnelle absolue. Ainsi, cela permettrait de rétablir l'autorité de l'État sur l'ensemble du territoire et d'assurer une protection effective des citoyens, mettant un terme à l'emprise des organisations criminelles."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "L'idée serait de rompre avec une approche purement répressive pour adopter une perspective intégrale de la sécurité, traitant à la fois les symptômes et les causes profondes de la violence. La démarche consiste à articuler des politiques actives d'inclusion sociale avec une professionnalisation accrue des forces de l'ordre, sous un strict contrôle politique. L'investissement dans l'équipement et les technologies doit s'accompagner d'une formation axée sur la prévention, le dialogue communautaire et le respect absolu des droits humains. La coordination entre les différents niveaux de l'État et les politiques sociales est un axe central de cette stratégie. Ainsi, cela permettrait de construire une société plus sûre en s'attaquant aux racines du crime, et non uniquement à ses manifestations."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "L'idée serait de reprendre l'initiative face au crime organisé en combinant une action judiciaire ciblée sur les flux financiers et une présence dissuasive sur le terrain. La bonne approche consiste à redéployer les forces fédérales sur les zones les plus critiques, comme Rosario, et à mobiliser les forces armées pour des missions de soutien logistique afin d'optimiser le déploiement opérationnel. Parallèlement, l'effort portera sur le démantèlement des circuits de blanchiment d'actifs et le renforcement du contrôle des axes stratégiques, comme les voies navigables. Ainsi, cela permettrait de déstructurer durablement les organisations criminelles en les attaquant simultanément sur leurs sources de revenus et leur contrôle territorial, restaurant ainsi l'autorité de l'État et la sécurité des citoyens."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "L'idée serait de rompre avec une approche fragmentée en déployant une stratégie intégrale pour démanteler le crime organisé et restaurer l'autorité de l'État sur tout le territoire. La priorité est de passer d'une logique de simple réaction à une politique de prévention et de déstructuration des réseaux criminels. Pour y parvenir, l'action doit s'appuyer sur une coordination renforcée entre les forces fédérales, la justice et les différentes agences de l'État, en modernisant le renseignement criminel et l'analyse économique des délits. Il est impératif de déployer davantage d'effectifs fédéraux pour sécuriser les frontières et d'engager une réforme de la justice pour la rendre plus efficace, avec la mise en place d'un système accusatoire et de jurys populaires. Ainsi, cela permettrait de désarticuler les organisations criminelles en s'attaquant à leurs flux financiers et logistiques, et de garantir un espace public sécurisé pour tous les citoyens."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "L'idée serait de substituer à l'approche répressive une politique de sécurité fondée sur l'éradication des causes sociales et économiques de la criminalité, en considérant que la violence des institutions étatiques est une partie intégrante du problème. La démarche prioritaire consiste à retirer les forces de police et de gendarmerie des quartiers populaires, tout en engageant la dissolution des organes de renseignement internes. Parallèlement, le système judiciaire doit être entièrement refondé par l'élection populaire des juges et des procureurs. L'action se concentre sur le démantèlement des réseaux de criminalité organisée, comme la traite des personnes, et sur la fin de l'impunité pour les violences policières. Ainsi, cela permettrait d'instaurer une sécurité réelle et durable, fondée sur la justice sociale et le contrôle citoyen, plutôt que sur la répression des populations les plus précarisées."
}
] |
Comment garantir le financement et la qualité de l’éducation (écoles, universités) ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "L'idée serait de refonder le système éducatif sur les principes de qualité, d'excellence et de mérite, afin qu'il redevienne un véritable moteur de progrès social. L'approche consiste à instaurer une saine compétition entre les établissements, publics comme privés, en encourageant l'initiative de ces derniers et en créant des mécanismes d'émulation pour améliorer la performance globale. La progression des carrières des enseignants doit être directement liée au mérite et à la responsabilité, tandis que la lutte contre l'endoctrinement idéologique à tous les niveaux garantira la neutralité du savoir. L'objectif est de moderniser l'ensemble du système par des concours et des évaluations. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir une éducation d'excellence pour tous, en particulier dans les zones les plus vulnérables, en allouant les ressources de manière plus efficace et en recentrant l'école sur sa mission fondamentale de transmission des connaissances."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "L'idée serait de concevoir l'éducation comme un droit universel et un investissement stratégique, dont la qualité et l'accès sont garantis par un engagement indéfectible de l'État. Pour y parvenir, l'axe central est de sanctuariser par la loi un plancher d'investissement public conséquent, tout en poursuivant un vaste plan de construction et de modernisation des infrastructures sur l'ensemble du territoire. La revalorisation de la carrière enseignante, à travers des salaires attractifs et une formation continue de qualité, est une priorité absolue. Le principe de gratuité de l'enseignement supérieur doit être réaffirmé et son maillage territorial étendu pour garantir une véritable égalité des chances. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir la mobilité sociale ascendante et de doter le pays des compétences humaines nécessaires à son projet de développement industriel et technologique souverain."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "L'idée serait de refonder le système éducatif sur des bases de qualité et de performance mesurables, en conditionnant le financement à l'atteinte de résultats concrets. La bonne approche consiste à instaurer un régime d'évaluation intégrale à tous les niveaux, des écoles aux universités, et à lier les transferts de ressources au respect de plans de développement avec des objectifs clairs. La carrière enseignante sera modernisée pour récompenser le mérite, tandis que les programmes seront renforcés sur les savoirs fondamentaux et mieux articulés avec les besoins du monde du travail. Pour l'enseignement supérieur, l'allocation des fonds suivra des critères objectifs et transparents, avec un suivi rigoureux de leur impact. Ainsi, cela permettrait d'améliorer la qualité de l'enseignement sur l'ensemble du territoire, de garantir une utilisation plus efficiente des fonds publics et de mieux préparer les jeunes à leur avenir professionnel."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "L'idée serait de refonder le système éducatif pour en faire le pilier de la justice sociale et de l'unité nationale, en corrigeant les profondes inégalités territoriales. La priorité est un engagement accru de l'État central pour reconstruire un véritable système national qui intègre les différences et garantisse une éducation publique et privée de qualité à tous les niveaux. Cela se traduit par la généralisation de la journée étendue au primaire, l'intégration du numérique et de la robotique comme outils essentiels, et la valorisation de la fonction enseignante par des rémunérations justes et une formation continue. Le financement des universités publiques sera soutenu et amélioré, et un quatrième niveau de formation professionnelle sera créé pour lier l'éducation au monde du travail. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir une réelle égalité des chances pour tous les jeunes, de préparer les nouvelles générations aux défis technologiques et de renforcer la cohésion nationale par l'éducation."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "L'idée serait de refonder le système éducatif sur les principes d'un service public exclusif, laïc et entièrement gratuit à tous les niveaux, de l'école à l'université. La priorité est la suppression immédiate de toutes les subventions publiques à l'enseignement privé, ainsi que l'arrêt du financement étatique des institutions religieuses, pour réallouer intégralement ces fonds au système public. La démarche implique l'abrogation de la législation actuelle sur l'enseignement supérieur pour bâtir un système national unifié, géré par l'État, qui garantisse un accès universel, notamment par la fourniture d'une connectivité gratuite pour tous les élèves et enseignants. Ainsi, cela permettrait de concentrer l'ensemble des ressources nationales dans un réseau public unique, assurant une éducation de haute qualité et accessible à tous, indépendamment de leur origine sociale, et libérée de toute influence marchande ou confessionnelle."
}
] |
Comment renforcer le système de santé publique et l’accès aux soins ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "L'idée serait de garantir un accès effectif aux soins en s'attaquant à la corruption et à l'inefficacité qui le minent, plutôt qu'en augmentant sans discernement les budgets. La priorité est de dépolitiser la gestion des établissements et de consolider la professionnalisation du secteur, en instaurant des politiques salariales qui récompensent le mérite et la responsabilité. L'allocation des ressources nécessaires aux hôpitaux et aux centres de santé doit s'accompagner d'un contrôle strict pour éradiquer la corruption et le clientélisme, qui constituent les véritables obstacles à l'accès aux soins. Ainsi, cela permettrait de rebâtir un système de santé où la qualité des soins et l'égalité d'accès sont garanties par la compétence et l'intégrité, et non par les relations politiques."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "L'idée serait de consolider la santé comme un droit humain fondamental, garanti par un système public fort et universel. La bonne approche consiste à renforcer l'offre publique par un investissement soutenu dans les infrastructures de proximité, tout en garantissant un accès équitable aux médicaments via la production nationale et la prescription de génériques. Le cadre réglementaire du secteur privé doit être resserré pour éliminer les barrières à l'entrée et maîtriser les coûts, assurant que l'accès aux soins ne soit jamais conditionné par la capacité de paiement. L'accent est mis sur la prévention, notamment à travers un calendrier de vaccination élargi et gratuit. Ainsi, cela permettrait de progresser vers une couverture de santé réellement universelle, solidaire et efficace, qui protège chaque citoyen indépendamment de sa condition économique ou de son lieu de résidence."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "L'idée serait de refonder le système de santé autour d’un axe central : l’intégration de ses différentes composantes (publique, privée et sécurité sociale) pour garantir un accès équitable à des soins de qualité sur tout le territoire. La bonne approche consiste à renforcer le rôle de pilotage de l'État pour articuler l’ensemble des acteurs et améliorer la qualité des prestations via des standards d’accréditation clairs. La priorité sera donnée au développement de la santé familiale et des soins de proximité, soutenue par une transformation numérique, tandis qu'une nouvelle agence nationale régulera le coût des médicaments et des technologies de pointe. Ainsi, cela permettrait de construire un système plus efficient et équitable, où la qualité des soins ne dépend plus du type de couverture ou du lieu de résidence du patient."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "L'idée serait de refonder en profondeur le système de santé pour garantir un accès aux soins efficace, équitable et moderne sur tout le territoire. La démarche consiste à établir une autorité unique du Système National de Santé, intégrant les niveaux national, provincial et municipal pour mettre fin à la fragmentation actuelle. L'organisation des soins reposera sur des réseaux intégrés et régionaux, articulés autour du premier niveau d'attention. La priorité sera donnée à la modernisation par la numérisation des dossiers médicaux, au renforcement de la santé mentale et à la valorisation du personnel soignant. Ainsi, cela permettrait de construire un système plus résilient et centré sur la personne, assurant une couverture de qualité et un accès plus juste aux soins pour tous les citoyens."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "L'idée serait de refondre le système de santé en un service public unique et universel, soustrait à toute logique de profit et de fragmentation. La démarche consiste à centraliser l'ensemble des structures de soins — publiques, privées et de sécurité sociale — au sein d'un système étatique unique, placé sous le contrôle démocratique des travailleurs et professionnels du secteur. Pour garantir l'accès gratuit aux traitements, les laboratoires pharmaceutiques seraient nationalisés sans indemnisation et les médicaments fournis gratuitement à toute la population. Les caisses d'assurance maladie seraient également intégrées à ce système, en retirant leur gestion aux directions syndicales pour la confier à des comités de travailleurs élus. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir un accès équitable et gratuit à des soins de qualité pour tous, en réorientant l'ensemble des ressources vers les besoins des patients."
}
] |
Quelles relations extérieures privilégier (région, États-Unis, Chine, BRICS, UE) et quel positionnement commercial ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "L'idée serait de réaligner la politique extérieure sur la défense des principes de liberté et de souveraineté, en abandonnant les alignements idéologiques au profit de relations pragmatiques. L'axe central est la promotion du libre-échange comme moteur de développement, ce qui implique une ouverture commerciale unilatérale et la recherche d'accords avec toutes les nations qui respectent l'état de droit et la propriété privée. Plutôt que de privilégier des blocs politiques, la stratégie consiste à laisser le secteur privé nouer des liens là où les opportunités se présentent. L'État doit se borner à éliminer les obstacles internes, notamment les taxes à l'exportation et les lourdeurs réglementaires. Ainsi, cela permettrait une insertion intelligente dans l'économie mondiale, attirant les investissements par la confiance et la stabilité juridique plutôt que par des alliances géopolitiques fluctuantes."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "L'idée serait de faire de l'intégration régionale le socle de la politique extérieure, considérant l'espace latino-américain comme le cadre naturel pour affirmer la souveraineté et l'autonomie stratégique. La démarche consiste à approfondir l'institutionnalisation des organismes régionaux pour dépasser la simple logique commerciale au profit d'une véritable union politique, productive et sociale. Les relations avec les autres blocs et puissances mondiales doivent être subordonnées à cette priorité, en privilégiant des partenariats qui respectent le modèle de développement national sans imposer de conditionnalités. Le positionnement commercial doit avant tout servir les intérêts de la production nationale. Ainsi, cela permettrait de construire un bloc régional influent capable de défendre ses intérêts propres sur la scène mondiale et de négocier d'égal à égal, garantissant que l'insertion internationale serve le projet de développement national et non l'inverse."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "L'idée serait de refonder la politique extérieure sur une ligne prévisible, fondée sur la défense des intérêts nationaux et des principes démocratiques, afin de maximiser les opportunités de développement productif. La priorité absolue serait de refonder l'ancrage régional en relançant le Mercosur et l'alliance stratégique avec le Brésil, qui serviront de plateforme pour une projection globale. À partir de ce socle, l'objectif est d'accélérer l'intégration aux grandes économies en finalisant l'accord avec l'Union européenne et en menant à bien le processus d'adhésion à l'OCDE. En parallèle, une diversification des négociations bilatérales sera engagée pour ouvrir de nouveaux marchés aux exportations, notamment en Asie et au Moyen-Orient. Ainsi, cela permettrait de positionner le pays comme un partenaire prévisible et de transformer l'action extérieure en un levier direct de la croissance des exportations et du développement productif sur l'ensemble du territoire."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "L'idée serait de réaffirmer la vocation régionale du pays comme le socle de son insertion internationale et le moteur de son développement. La priorité stratégique est de consolider le bloc régional et d'approfondir les liens avec les partenaires voisins, notamment pour garantir l'accès aux grands marchés du Pacifique, dans le cadre d'un régionalisme ouvert qui favorise le multilatéralisme. Sur le plan commercial, il est impératif de multiplier les exportations, en levant tous les obstacles et contrôles qui freinent le plein potentiel des secteurs productifs et des ressources stratégiques. Le positionnement international du pays doit s'appuyer sur une défense active de la paix, des droits humains et de la protection de l'environnement. Ainsi, cela permettrait de rétablir le prestige international, de générer les devises indispensables à la stabilité économique et de faire de la nation un acteur respecté sur la scène mondiale."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "L'idée serait de fonder la politique extérieure sur un principe de souveraineté absolue et d'internationalisme des peuples, en rupture totale avec les logiques d'alliances entre États capitalistes, qu'il s'agisse des États-Unis, de l'Union Européenne ou d'autres blocs comme les BRICS. L'approche consiste à dénoncer tous les pactes de subordination aux puissances impérialistes et à exiger le retrait de toute présence militaire étrangère, comme celle de l'OTAN. Le positionnement commercial reposerait sur la nationalisation complète du commerce extérieur, afin de le soustraire aux intérêts des multinationales. L'axe diplomatique serait réorienté pour soutenir activement les mouvements de rébellion populaire à travers le monde, en priorisant la construction d'une unité socialiste de l'Amérique Latine. Ainsi, cela permettrait de substituer à la compétition commerciale entre blocs une véritable politique d'intégration fondée sur la solidarité entre les peuples et la coopération socialiste internationale."
}
] |
Quels droits et garanties démocratiques et de l’homme doivent être protégés ou réaffirmés ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "L'idée serait de réaffirmer la primauté des droits individuels en restaurant une application stricte des garanties constitutionnelles qui protègent le citoyen de l'arbitraire du pouvoir. L'approche consiste à assurer une séparation intransigeante des pouvoirs, en sanctuarisant l'indépendance de la justice et en interdisant toute concentration de facultés extraordinaires au sein de l'exécutif. Les libertés fondamentales, au premier rang desquelles la vie, la propriété privée et la liberté d'expression sans aucune entrave, doivent être protégées de manière absolue. La transparence totale des actes de gouvernement et le libre accès à l'information publique constitueront les instruments de ce contrôle citoyen permanent. Ainsi, cela permettrait de consolider un véritable État de droit où la liberté individuelle est la norme et l'action de l'État, une exception encadrée."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "L'idée serait de concevoir la démocratie non comme un acquis, mais comme un processus continu de consolidation et d'approfondissement, fondé sur une mémoire historique active et l'élargissement constant des droits. La démarche prioritaire consiste à sanctuariser la politique de Mémoire, de Vérité et de Justice comme une responsabilité imprescriptible de l'État, garantissant la poursuite des procès pour crimes contre l'humanité. Parallèlement, il est essentiel de réaffirmer et de renforcer l'arsenal législatif qui protège l'égalité de genre, la diversité sexuelle et le droit à une vie sans violence. L'approfondissement démocratique passe également par la réforme des institutions clés, notamment en assurant l'indépendance du pouvoir judiciaire face aux puissances économiques et en garantissant le pluralisme des médias. Ainsi, cela permettrait de consolider une république où les droits de chaque individu sont protégés contre toute forme de discrimination et où le passé sert de rempart contre toute régression autoritaire."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "L'idée serait de restaurer un ordre républicain fondé sur l'indépendance de la justice et l'exemplarité de l'État, afin de garantir les libertés fondamentales. L'axe central est de sanctuariser le pouvoir judiciaire de toute interférence politique, en instaurant des mécanismes de sélection des magistrats fondés sur le mérite et la transparence. Cette garantie institutionnelle s'accompagnera d'une offensive contre la corruption, via une loi sur l'extinction de domaine pour saisir les biens mal acquis et une autre pour interdire l'application de l'indulto aux condamnés pour de tels faits. La promotion d'une loi d'intégrité publique visera à prévenir les conflits d'intérêts et le népotisme au sein de l'appareil d'État. Ainsi, cela permettrait de consolider un État de droit où les institutions protègent efficacement le citoyen contre l'arbitraire du pouvoir et où la loi s'applique à tous sans privilèges ni exceptions."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "L'idée serait de réaffirmer les acquis démocratiques, fondés sur la mémoire des sacrifices passés, en plaçant la dignité humaine et la qualité institutionnelle au cœur de l'action publique. La priorité absolue est de garantir l'indépendance de la justice et une stricte séparation des pouvoirs, en renforçant la transparence et la reddition des comptes. Parallèlement, il est impératif de traduire ces principes en garanties concrètes, en luttant activement contre les inégalités de genre et en assurant la protection de l'intégrité, des droits et des opportunités des femmes et des diversités. L'action de l'État doit également protéger les droits de l'enfance, des migrants et des communautés autochtones. Ainsi, cela permettrait de consolider un État de droit pleinement effectif, où les libertés fondamentales sont non seulement proclamées mais activement défendues, et où chaque citoyen est assuré d'un accès équitable à la justice et à la protection de l'État."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "L'idée serait de substituer à une démocratie formelle un contrôle populaire direct sur toutes les institutions, afin de garantir l'inviolabilité des libertés individuelles et collectives face à l'appareil répressif de l'État. L'approche consiste à rendre révocables par les électeurs tous les mandats publics, y compris ceux des juges et procureurs, tout en plafonnant la rémunération des élus et hauts fonctionnaires à celle d'un travailleur qualifié. Il est impératif de garantir sans aucune entrave le droit de manifester, en abrogeant toutes les lois d'exception, et d'assurer une pleine démocratie syndicale, libre de toute ingérence. Parallèlement, l'application effective du droit à l'avortement et la protection contre toutes les violences et discriminations de genre doivent être une priorité absolue. Ainsi, cela permettrait de démanteler les mécanismes d'impunité et de mettre fin à la violence institutionnelle, en fondant un ordre politique où la justice est rendue par le peuple et où les droits humains sont une réalité matérielle pour tous."
}
] |
Quelle politique sociale vis-à-vis des aides et « plans » (ciblage, conditionnalités, insertion) ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "L'idée serait de rompre avec la logique de l'assistanat pour faire de l'aide sociale un tremplin vers l'emploi, et non une solution permanente. La bonne approche consiste à transformer les plans sociaux en une assistance strictement temporaire et dégressive. Leur versement sera conditionné à une contrepartie de service, conçue comme une étape vers l'intégration sur le marché du travail formel. L'objectif final est la substitution complète de ces aides par un emploi authentique et productif. Ainsi, cela permettrait de traiter les causes structurelles de la pauvreté en restaurant la valeur du travail et en offrant une véritable perspective de mobilité sociale, plutôt que de maintenir les individus dans une dépendance vis-à-vis de l'État."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "L'idée serait de concevoir les aides sociales non comme une assistance temporaire, mais comme un pilier permanent de la justice sociale et un instrument de politique économique. La bonne approche consiste à consolider un socle de protection universelle, notamment pour l'enfance, avec des conditionnalités qui garantissent l'accès à l'éducation et à la santé. Ces dispositifs ne visent pas à se substituer au travail, mais à compléter les revenus et à fixer un plancher de dignité. L'objectif principal est de les articuler avec des politiques actives de formation et de création d'emplois formels, faisant du travail le principal vecteur d'insertion. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir la sécurité économique des plus vulnérables tout en stimulant la demande intérieure, créant un cercle vertueux où l'inclusion sociale et la croissance économique se renforcent mutuellement."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "L'idée serait de rompre avec la logique d’assistanat en conditionnant l’aide sociale à une trajectoire d’insertion, afin de s’attaquer aux causes structurelles de la pauvreté. La bonne approche consiste à transformer les programmes existants en une aide directe, versée sans intermédiaire et de nature temporaire. Son versement sera strictement conditionné à une contrepartie effective, qu'il s'agisse de l'achèvement du parcours scolaire, d'une formation qualifiante ou d'une démarche de recherche d'emploi. Ainsi, cela permettrait de transformer une logique de subvention de la pauvreté en un véritable investissement dans le capital humain, où le travail redevient le principal moteur de la mobilité sociale."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "L'idée serait de rompre avec la logique de l'assistanat pour la remplacer par un système qui fait de l'insertion par le travail le principal moteur de la politique sociale. La priorité est de cesser de subventionner le chômage pour se concentrer sur l'aide à la création d'emplois de qualité. Pour les situations d'urgence, l'accès aux programmes d'aide doit être direct et transparent, en le déconnectant de toute intermédiation politique ou sectorielle afin de mettre fin aux pratiques clientélistes. L'objectif est de dépasser les simples mesures de \"contention\" qui perpétuent la dépendance. Ainsi, cela permettrait de restaurer la mobilité sociale ascendante et de faire en sorte que la dignité de la personne soit assurée par le travail et l'autonomie, plutôt que par une aide étatique permanente."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "L'idée serait de substituer au système fragmenté d'aides ciblées un ensemble de droits universels garantissant un revenu et un emploi à chacun. La démarche consiste à rendre les plans d'assistance obsolètes en instaurant l'interdiction des licenciements et la répartition des heures de travail pour assurer le plein emploi. Plutôt que des allocations conditionnelles, un revenu minimum vital, indexé mensuellement sur le coût de la vie et couvrant l'intégralité des besoins, serait garanti à tous les travailleurs et retraités, complété par des allocations familiales universelles. Ainsi, cela permettrait d'éradiquer la précarité et la dépendance en traitant les causes structurelles du chômage et de la pauvreté, faisant du travail et d'un revenu digne des droits effectifs plutôt que des objectifs d'insertion."
}
] |
Quelle stratégie environnementale et énergétique (lithium, Vaca Muerta, transition, impacts territoriaux) ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "L'idée serait de traiter les ressources naturelles comme un levier de développement économique sous souveraineté provinciale, en favorisant leur exploitation par le secteur privé. La bonne approche consiste à attirer les investissements pour l'extraction des ressources énergétiques et minières en garantissant un cadre juridique stable et la protection de la propriété. Le développement est qualifié de durable, ce qui implique de réinvestir une partie des revenus, comme les redevances pétrolières, dans l'amélioration de la compétitivité et d'instaurer des organes de contrôle indépendants pour faire respecter la loi environnementale sans freiner l'initiative privée. Ainsi, cela permettrait de financer la croissance par la richesse générée localement, en misant sur la responsabilité du secteur privé plutôt que sur une planification étatique de la transition énergétique."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "L'idée serait de mobiliser les ressources énergétiques stratégiques comme le levier d'un développement industriel souverain et d'une plus grande autonomie nationale. L'approche consiste à piloter l'exploitation des hydrocarbures, y compris non conventionnels, par une entreprise publique forte, tout en accélérant en parallèle la diversification de la matrice via le nucléaire et les renouvelables. La mise en valeur de ces ressources doit impérativement respecter les normes environnementales et garantir que les retombées économiques, en termes d'emplois et d'activité, bénéficient directement aux territoires concernés. Ainsi, cela permettrait d'atteindre l'autosuffisance dans le cadre d'une transition énergétique maîtrisée, qui sert les objectifs de croissance industrielle et de développement territorial équilibré."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "L'idée serait de déployer une stratégie énergétique pragmatique, qui mobilise toutes les ressources nationales pour en faire un levier de développement durable. La bonne approche consiste à stimuler en parallèle l'exploitation des hydrocarbures pour garantir la sécurité d'approvisionnement, et le développement des énergies renouvelables pour accompagner la transition énergétique. Il s'agira également de valoriser les minéraux stratégiques comme le lithium, en imposant des standards environnementaux élevés et transparents. L'ensemble de cette politique s'inscrira dans une stratégie climatique de long terme, qui harmonise la croissance économique avec l'usage durable des ressources. Ainsi, cela permettrait de positionner le pays comme un fournisseur d'énergie fiable et diversifié sur la scène mondiale, en transformant son potentiel naturel en un moteur de croissance économique respectueux de l'environnement."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "L'idée serait d'articuler le développement productif et la protection de l'environnement, en sortant de la fausse opposition entre les deux. La priorité consiste à exploiter de manière stratégique les ressources naturelles comme le gaz de Vaca Muerta et le lithium pour générer des devises, tout en engageant une transition énergétique progressive. Cette transition s'appuiera sur les énergies propres et le potentiel de la bioéconomie, notamment par une augmentation graduelle de la part des biocarburants dans les combustibles. Cet axe s'accompagne d'engagements fermes : atteindre le \"zéro déforestation nette\" d'ici 2030 et garantir l'élimination immédiate des plastiques à usage unique. Ainsi, cela permettrait d'assurer l'indépendance énergétique, de renforcer la production fédérale à valeur ajoutée et de respecter les engagements climatiques internationaux."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "L'idée serait de mettre fin au pillage des ressources naturelles et à la destruction de l'environnement en substituant au modèle extractiviste une gestion souveraine et durable. La démarche centrale consiste à interdire immédiatement les activités les plus dévastatrices, comme la fracturation hydraulique (Vaca Muerta) et la méga-exploitation minière à ciel ouvert. Toutes les entreprises multinationales de ces secteurs seraient expropriées sans indemnisation et leurs actifs nationalisés. La gestion de ces ressources stratégiques, incluant le lithium et les hydrocarbures, serait alors confiée au contrôle direct des travailleurs et des communautés territoriales affectées, qui superviseraient également la réparation des dommages écologiques causés. Ainsi, cela permettrait d'élaborer un plan énergétique national qui réponde aux besoins de la population tout en garantissant la protection des écosystèmes."
}
] |
Faut-il modifier des cadres récents en matière de droits reproductifs et d’égalité de genre, et si oui comment ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Javier Milei",
"value": "L'idée serait d'assurer la cohérence de l'ensemble du cadre légal avec le principe fondamental et irrévocable de la protection du droit à la vie. L'approche consiste à reconsidérer toute législation récente qui entre en conflit direct avec cette garantie essentielle. La protection de la vie est posée comme une limite absolue à l'action de l'État, au même titre que la défense de la liberté individuelle et de la propriété. Il ne s'agit pas d'imposer une morale particulière, mais d'appliquer de manière stricte un principe supérieur. Ainsi, cela permettrait de restaurer la primauté de ce droit inaliénable sur des cadres normatifs plus récents, en alignant la législation sur les valeurs fondamentales défendues."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Sergio Massa",
"value": "L'idée serait de considérer les avancées en matière de droits reproductifs et d'égalité de genre comme des piliers fondamentaux et non négociables du projet de société. La bonne approche consiste donc à sanctuariser l'arsenal législatif existant qui garantit l'identité de genre, le mariage pour tous, l'accès à la santé reproductive et la protection intégrale contre les violences machistes. Il ne s'agit en aucun cas de modifier ces cadres, mais au contraire de garantir leur pleine et entière application sur tout le territoire. Ainsi, cela permettrait de s'opposer fermement à toute tentative de régression et de consolider une société fondée sur l'égalité, où les droits conquis constituent le socle de nouvelles avancées."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Patrica Bullrich",
"value": "L'idée serait de concentrer l'action en faveur de l'égalité de genre sur la réduction des inégalités économiques et professionnelles, qui constituent le principal obstacle à l'autonomie des femmes. La bonne approche consiste à démanteler les barrières qui freinent l'accès des femmes au marché du travail, en s'attaquant notamment à la charge inégale du travail non rémunéré et des tâches de soin. Les efforts porteront prioritairement sur l'augmentation du taux d'activité féminin et le renforcement de la présence des femmes dans les instances de négociation collective. Ainsi, cela permettrait de construire une égalité concrète, fondée sur l'émancipation économique, en faisant de la pleine participation des femmes un moteur indispensable au développement du pays."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Juan Schiaretti",
"value": "L'idée serait de garantir et d'approfondir les droits acquis, en se concentrant sur les actions qui transforment l'égalité légale en une égalité de fait. La priorité est de s'attaquer de manière structurelle aux inégalités de genre, en allant au-delà de la simple reconnaissance formelle des droits. La démarche consiste à déployer une politique intégrale qui assure la protection contre la violence de genre comme une priorité absolue de l'État, tout en s'attaquant aux inégalités économiques. Cela passe par des instruments concrets : la promotion d'emplois de qualité pour les femmes et les diversités, la mise en place d'un système national de soins qui reconnaît et allège la charge du travail non rémunéré, et des politiques de compensation comme l'extension des congés parentaux et la création de centres de la petite enfance. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir l'autonomie économique des femmes et des diversités et d'assurer leur pleine participation à la société, en construisant un cadre où l'égalité des chances est une réalité tangible et non plus seulement une aspiration."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Myriam Bregman",
"value": "L'idée serait de dépasser la simple reconnaissance légale des droits pour garantir leur pleine matérialisation, en les protégeant de toute tentative de régression et en les universalisant. La priorité absolue est d'assurer l'application effective et universelle de la législation sur l'interruption volontaire de grossesse, en allouant les budgets nécessaires pour la protéger de toute ingérence. Cela implique de lutter contre les violences de genre avec des ressources dédiées, de garantir le principe \"à travail égal, salaire égal\", et de déployer une éducation sexuelle intégrale, laïque et scientifique. La protection doit être étendue à toutes les formes d'orientation sexuelle et d'identité de genre, en abolissant toute législation discriminatoire. Ainsi, cela permettrait de transformer les cadres légaux en garanties matérielles et inviolables, enracinant une culture d'égalité et de liberté sexuelle effective, activement soutenue par l'État."
}
] |
How should Brazil manage the balance between economic growth, fiscal stability and the fight against inflation?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "The idea would be to break with a rigid budgetary framework to restore growth as a pillar of stability. The right approach is to replace the spending cap with a new tax regime that is credible and predictable, yet sufficiently flexible to allow countercyclical public investment. The fight against inflation must target its structural causes, notably through a fuel pricing policy that takes into account domestic production costs, rather than relying solely on high interest rates. This strategy will be supported by a large-scale tax reform aimed at increasing the progressivity of taxation and financing the modernization of the productive apparatus. Thus, this would make it possible to revive the economy sustainably, control inflation by acting on supply, and ensure the sustainability of public finances thanks to the fruits of the return of growth."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "The idea would be to establish fiscal stability as the essential foundation for sustainable growth and controlled inflation. The proper approach is to consolidate the adjustment of public accounts to reduce the debt burden, while carrying out key structural reforms: tax simplification, privatizations and a reduction of bureaucracy to stimulate the private sector. At the same time, inflation control must be ensured by compliance with a target regime and by guaranteeing the independence of the Central Bank. Thus, this would restore the confidence of economic actors, attract investment and launch a virtuous cycle of job creation and wealth."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "The idea would be to restore the foundations of macroeconomic stability to catalyze sustainable and inclusive economic growth. The priority is to reestablish a credible framework based on respected inflation targets, budgetary responsibility and a floating exchange rate regime. To achieve this, the approach is to implement structural reforms within the first six months, notably a tax reform focused on simplification through a value-added tax (IVA) and an administrative reform aimed at the efficiency of public services. This steering will be reinforced by a policy of expenditure control, support for the independence of the Central Bank and a stable environment to attract private investment. Thus, this would make it possible to sustainably control inflation, clean up public accounts and restart a growth cycle that creates jobs and opportunities."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "The idea would be to orchestrate a recovery of sustainable economic growth while simultaneously ensuring price stability and balanced public accounts. The central axis is a comprehensive fiscal and budgetary reform, aiming both at an increase in revenues – through the taxation of dividends and large fortunes – and a rationalization of expenditures, via a 20 % reduction in tax incentives from the first year and the adoption of a zero-based budget. At the same time, the revival of infrastructure projects, supported by a public development bank, should stimulate activity. The central bank will retain its operational autonomy with a dual mandate of controlling inflation and pursuing full employment. Thus, this would make it possible to generate 5 million jobs over two years while ensuring long-term budgetary sustainability."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "The idea would be to tackle the root of economic inefficiency through a structural overhaul of the tax system, in order to reconcile growth, stability and price control. The central axis consists in establishing a single federal tax to replace the current complexity, an approach aimed at easing the burden on businesses and employees, combating tax evasion and optimizing the management of public expenditures. In parallel, increased support should be directed toward micro and small enterprises through facilitated access to credit and innovation to stimulate investment and productivity. Thus, this would restore budgetary stability while unlocking growth potential and sustainably reducing inflationary pressures."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "The idea would be to break with the management of short-term compromises in order to build sustainable growth on sound foundations, where budgetary stability is the primary condition of prosperity. The right approach is to undertake a structural reform of the State to make it more efficient, by eliminating unproductive subsidies and privileges. At the same time, a unilateral opening of the economy is necessary to stimulate competitiveness and productivity, which exerts downward pressure on prices. This strategy also relies on a simplification of the tax system, with the introduction of a value-added tax, and a modernization of labor laws. Thus, this would make it possible to address the roots of inflation and stagnation, creating an environment conducive to investment and sustainable growth."
}
] |
What should the country's policy be regarding taxation and public spending?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "The idea would be to rebuild the fiscal pact so that it becomes a lever for development and social justice. The approach rests on two pillars: the revocation of the spending ceiling, replaced by a new credible and flexible budgetary regime that allows public investment, and a deep tax reform. The latter will aim to simplify the system, reduce taxation on consumption and significantly increase progressivity, by making the highest incomes contribute more. The resources thus freed will be primarily allocated to financing the welfare state and to rebuilding public services. Thus, this would restore to fiscal policy its capacity to act to reduce inequalities and stimulate the economy."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "The idea would be to reform the management of public finances to make it a lever of growth, by focusing on the efficiency of expenditures and the reduction of tax pressure. The right approach is to optimize each public expenditure by systematically reviewing programs, decoupling budgets from automatic indexations and concentrating on essential services. On the fiscal front, the objective is to simplify the system to make it fairer and more competitive, with a targeted reduction in taxes, notably by significantly raising the exemption threshold for income tax for employees. Thus, this would free up resources for private investment, increase household purchasing power and ensure the sustainability of public accounts in the long term."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "The idea would be to rebuild the budgetary and fiscal pact on foundations of simplicity, equity and efficiency to guarantee social justice and the sustainability of public accounts. The central axis is a large-scale tax reform, to be implemented within the first six months, introducing a value-added tax (IVA) to simplify the taxation of consumption and making income tax more progressive. In terms of expenditure, the priority is to rationalize public spending by reducing ineffective tax expenditures and providing full transparency in budget execution. A systematic review of programs will allow reallocating resources toward high-impact social policies. Thus, this would better control spending, reduce the complexity of the tax system, and ensure a fairer distribution of the tax burden while strengthening essential services for the population."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "The idea would be to carry out a comprehensive tax reform to ensure the sustainability of public finances while financing strategic investments. The priority is to rebalance the tax burden by easing taxes on production, through merging five taxes into a single one, to shift it onto wealth and income. This approach includes the introduction of a 0.5% tax on fortunes over 20 million, the reintroduction of a tax on dividends and, on the spending side, a 20% reduction in subsidies and tax incentives from the first year. The adoption of a zero-based budget will, in parallel, allow a detailed review of all current expenditures. Thus, this would free up significant budgetary leeway to revive public services and infrastructure."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "The idea would be to break with decades of inertia through a structural overhaul of the tax system, which is the cornerstone of controlling public spending. The central axis is the establishment of a single federal tax, intended to radically simplify collection, reduce bureaucracy and better distribute the tax burden between citizens and businesses. This approach must be accompanied by strengthened efforts against evasion and by optimized management of the State's resources, while ensuring respect for the financial autonomy of federated entities. The objective is to make the public apparatus more efficient to free up funds for essential investments. Thus, this would sustainably clean up public accounts, stimulate the economy and correct territorial imbalances."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "The idea would be to redefine the role of the State to make it an efficient guarantor of public services, with budgetary responsibility as a non-negotiable principle. The priority is a deep administrative reform focused on results, accompanied by the elimination of subsidies and privileges that burden the accounts. On taxation, the current complexity must be replaced by a simple and fair system based on a single value-added tax and unified rules for the taxation of income and wages. In this way, it would be possible to restore the balance of the accounts, make the tax system more equitable, and free up resources for the State's essential functions without increasing the overall burden."
}
] |
How can we ensure the effectiveness and sustainability of social programs to combat poverty?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "The idea would be to refound social programs on a dual logic: guarantee a basic income to address urgent needs, while integrating them into a strategy of human development and economic inclusion. The central axis is the implementation of a citizenship income program, renewed and expanded, ensuring amounts compatible with the real needs of the population. This mechanism must rely on the strengthening of a unified national social assistance system to guarantee broad and equitable coverage across the entire territory. Its effectiveness will be ensured by linking it to productive inclusion actions, both in urban and rural areas, to create real pathways to employment and autonomy. Thus, this would make it possible to move from a logic of assistance to a true guarantee of rights, aiming for a phased transition toward a universal system that eradicates poverty structurally."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "The idea would be to transform social programs into springboards toward economic autonomy rather than mere subsidies. The effective approach consists of conditioning aid on a pathway to professional integration, coupling income transfers with qualification programs, access to microcredit and, above all, incentive mechanisms that make the continued provision of aid compatible with the resumption of formal employment. This arrangement should encourage entrepreneurship and the formalization of employment. Thus, this would ensure that social assistance is a temporary and empowering solution that breaks the cycle of dependency and promotes a sustainable exit from poverty through work and individual initiative."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "The idea would be to transform social assistance into a lever for sustainable emancipation, by consolidating a social protection system that is both permanent and oriented toward beneficiaries' autonomy. The approach consists of instituting a permanent income transfer program, safeguarded from any political instrumentalization, whose effectiveness will rely on precise targeting via a strengthened single social registry. The continued provision of aid will be conditioned on clear commitments regarding schooling, medical follow-up, and vaccination, in order to break the intergenerational cycle of poverty. The main objective is to make this foundation a transition to employment, by articulating it with active policies for professional integration and productive microcredit. Thus, this would make it possible to guarantee income security for the most vulnerable while offering them concrete pathways toward economic autonomy and full citizenship."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "The idea would be to rebuild the fight against poverty by articulating direct support and levers of economic empowerment. The approach consists first in restoring households' financial situation through a large-scale debt renegotiation program, encouraging debt write-offs in exchange for public refinancing over 36 months. At the same time, existing social benefits would be consolidated into a universal minimum income program. Its effectiveness would rely on a single social registry, constantly updated for precise geographic targeting, and on supporting families toward employment through referral centers. This approach would be complemented by an emergency plan to create 5 million jobs. Thus, this would allow a shift from a logic of assistance to a dynamic of sustainable inclusion, restoring both purchasing power and access to work."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "The idea would be to transform social assistance from a mere palliative measure into a genuine lever for sustainable autonomy for beneficiaries. The sustainability of programs rests on an approach of shared responsibility, where federal aid is conditioned on concrete commitments such as children's school attendance and the integration of young people into technical training pathways. The priority is to link financial support to professional integration pathways, notably for mothers, in order to strengthen their ability to provide for their needs, while developing support infrastructures such as daycare centers to remove barriers to employment. Thus, this would make it possible to move from a logic of welfare assistance to a dynamic of emancipation, ensuring both the effectiveness of aid and its long-term sustainability."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "The idea would be to transform social programs from a logic of assistance into a strategy of empowerment, by tackling the structural causes of poverty. The right approach is to base all action on a continuous and precise measurement of poverty through national indicators, in order to focus interventions on the most critical cases, notably child poverty. It is then crucial to establish binding medium- and long-term reduction targets that guide public spending. The sustainability of the system depends on strict budgetary responsibility and on actions aimed at stimulating entrepreneurship as a sustainable exit route. Thus, this would ensure that every resource invested contributes not only to immediate relief, but above all to permanently breaking the cycle of precarity."
}
] |
What strategy should be adopted to protect the Amazon and reduce deforestation while supporting local economic activities?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "The idea would be to replace the predatory exploitation model with a sustainable development strategy that values the forest. The right approach is to pursue a zero-tolerance policy against environmental crime, relentlessly combating illegal deforestation, clandestine mining prospecting and land grabbing. At the same time, it is about unlocking the potential of the bioeconomy by stimulating, through research and innovation, low-impact economic activities. This effort will be accompanied by a net-zero deforestation objective, achieved through the restoration of degraded areas and reforestation. Thus, this would make the preservation of the Amazon a driver of growth and sovereignty, harmonizing ecosystem protection and local prosperity."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "The idea would be to reconcile forest protection with sovereign economic development, by transforming conservation into an opportunity for wealth for local populations. The central approach is to intensify coordinated operations of control and repression of illegal activities, relying on technology for increased surveillance and rapid response. At the same time, it is a priority to structure viable economic sectors, such as ecotourism and the sustainable exploitation of resources, supported by incentive financial mechanisms such as payment for environmental services and the carbon market. The objective is to make preservation more profitable than destruction for the inhabitants. Thus, this would reduce deforestation by offering concrete economic alternatives to communities, while strengthening the presence of the State and national sovereignty over this strategic territory."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "The idea would be to make environmental protection the engine of a new development cycle, positioning the country as a leader in the green economy. The approach consists of combining a zero-tolerance policy toward illegal deforestation, restoring the full operational capacity of oversight bodies, and firmly combating organized crime. At the same time, it is essential to create positive economic incentives by structuring a national carbon credit market, promoting payment for environmental services, and supporting the bioeconomy and low-carbon agriculture. This strategy will rely on the revival of preservation funds and the integration of local communities. Thus, this would not only stop the destruction of biomes, but also generate wealth and improve living conditions in the Amazon through the valorization of standing forest."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "The idea would be to make forest preservation a driver of economic development, by demonstrating that its ecological value is an asset superior to that of cleared lands. The strategy relies on the immediate implementation of an economic and ecological zoning, particularly in the Amazon region, to clarify land uses and secure land rights. It is imperative to involve local populations in profitable and sustainable economic value chains that exclude deforestation, relying on local scientific research to develop new products and sustainable resource management practices. Thus, this would allow agriculture, livestock and forest to be reconciled and integrated sustainably, by turning conservation into a viable economic activity for communities."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "The idea would be to overcome the sterile opposition between preservation and exploitation by making the forest an engine of sustainable economic development, in the service of national sovereignty. The strategy rests on a double pillar: the development of a high value-added bioeconomy — pharmaceutical industry, cosmetics, ecological tourism — and an uncompromising strengthening of the State against illegal activities. It is therefore imperative to provide legal security to low-carbon investments and to promote innovation, while waging a fierce fight against criminal deforestation, illegal mining and trafficking, through rigorous territorial planning. Thus, this would make it possible to transform the protection of the ecosystem into a powerful lever for wealth and job creation, making the \"forêt debout\" more profitable than its destruction."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "The idea would be to overcome the opposition between preservation and development by making the ecological transition the main lever of national prosperity. The right approach is to transform conservation into a revenue-generating activity, monetizing standing forest through a robust carbon credit market and financing the reforestation of degraded lands. The central axis is to make the Amazon a global hub of bioeconomy and carbon capture, while integrating livestock farming into ecosystem preservation. The objective is to achieve net-zero deforestation by 2030, by taking firm action against illegal activities. In doing so, it would trigger a new cycle of green investments, create sustainable jobs for local populations, and reposition the country as a power in the new low-carbon economy."
}
] |
Which energy policy should Brazil prioritize between fossil fuels, hydropower and renewables?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "The idea would be to steer the energy transition by relying on the control of existing national resources to finance and accelerate the deployment of clean energy. The right approach is to reaffirm the role of the State as strategic coordinator, by retaking control of the major players in energy production and distribution. It involves implementing a fuel pricing policy that reflects national costs, thereby protecting the economy from external volatility. The wealth derived from hydrocarbon exploitation, managed sovereignly, must be massively reinvested to diversify the energy mix, prioritizing the expansion of renewable sectors. Thus, this would make it possible to reconcile self-sufficiency in oil and derivatives with leadership in the ecological transition, ensuring energy that is accessible to the population and industry while respecting climate commitments."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "The idea would be to ensure national energy security through a pragmatic diversification of sources, while capitalizing on the potential of clean energy to assert global leadership. The priority is not to pit sectors against each other but to coordinate them strategically. The central focus is to consolidate the exploitation of existing resources, notably natural gas to guarantee industrial and price stability, while launching an ambitious program to develop renewables such as solar, offshore wind, and green hydrogen. This would gradually reduce dependence on carbon-based fuels and on international markets, provide competitive energy to citizens and businesses, and transform the country into a major exporter of green energy."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "The idea would be to accelerate the transition to a low-carbon energy matrix that is both cleaner, safer, more affordable and more efficient, building on the country's competitive advantages. The right approach is to stimulate competition among the various clean energy sources rather than favoring a single one. The development of the wind, solar, biofuels, biomass and green hydrogen sectors will be actively promoted, in addition to the existing hydroelectric potential and by incorporating natural gas as a transition fuel. This diversification will be accompanied by improved sectoral governance and the removal of unjustified subsidies. Thus, this would help guarantee security of supply, meet climate commitments by reducing emissions, and provide competitive energy for the economy and households."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "The idea would be to embark on a rapid energy transition toward a production matrix that is 100 % clean, mobilizing the country's natural resources to guarantee abundant and affordable energy. The strategy consists of reforming the pricing policy of the national oil company to decouple it from international markets, while transforming it into a hub of innovation for new energies such as wind, solar and green hydrogen. At the same time, hydropower would be optimized as a reserve source for consumption peaks, which would allow scheduling the complete elimination of polluting thermoelectric plants by 2030. Thus, this would protect the economy against imported inflation via energy prices and ensure a sustainable, decarbonized self-sufficiency."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "The idea would be to build on the country's natural assets to transition to a low-carbon economy, thereby asserting its leadership on the international stage. The priority is to enshrine the transition to a clean, diversified energy matrix as a state policy. This implies actively stimulating the production of renewable energies — wind, solar, biomass — to reduce excessive dependence on hydropower. The strategy involves market liberalization to promote competitiveness and lower costs for consumers, as well as a reorganization of the regulatory framework to attract investment. Thus, this would make it possible to guarantee energy security, reduce energy costs for citizens and businesses, and position the country as a global benchmark in meeting its climate commitments."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "The idea would be to abandon dependence on fossil fuels to accelerate the transition to a low-carbon economy, making clean energy the primary driver of modernization and competitiveness. The strategy consists of massively deploying renewable sources such as solar, wind, and ethanol. Particular priority will be given to biomass, recognized as a national asset superior to fossil fuels. This transition must take place across all sectors, beginning with agro-industry, which must aim for energy autonomy through clean sources. Thus, this would drastically reduce greenhouse gas emissions, while creating jobs and positioning the country as a power in the green economy."
}
] |
What priorities should guide public security policy and the fight against organized crime?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "The idea would be to rebuild the security policy around the valuing of life and prevention, breaking with the purely warlike model. The proper approach is to replace the logic of confrontation with strategies based on intelligence and information to dismantle criminal organizations, including militias. The central axis will be the strengthening of a unified national security system, promoting coordination between police forces and targeted action on reducing homicides. Priority will be given to valuing security professionals, through the modernization of careers, continuous training and the establishment of psychosocial support. Thus, this would make it possible to tackle the roots of organized crime while promoting a culture of peace and respect for fundamental rights."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "The idea would be to restore public order through a resolute action by the State, while strengthening citizens' defensive capabilities against crime. The priority axis consists of significantly reinforcing the human, material, and legal resources of the security forces, guaranteeing them increased protection in the performance of their duties. The approach relies on enhanced coordination between federal, state, and municipal institutions, and on the use of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and forensic science to dismantle organized networks. In parallel, the strategy rests on guaranteeing citizens' fundamental right to self-defense. Thus, this would make it possible to achieve a tangible decrease in levels of violence and to restore an environment where the law effectively protects the entire population."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "The idea would be to take back the initiative against organized crime by restoring the State's central coordination and adopting a zero-tolerance stance. The priority is to recreate a Ministry of Public Security to steer a unified national strategy, placing the Union at the heart of coordinating actions. To achieve this, the approach is to integrate all security forces around a single information system and an intensive use of intelligence. Border control will be strengthened to stem the trafficking of weapons and drugs, while decrees loosening the possession of weapons will be revoked in favor of a policy of strict control and traceability. Thus, this would make it possible to more effectively dismantle criminal networks, reduce homicides and restore the authority of the State over the entire territory."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "The idea would be to adopt an integrated approach to security, combining the suppression of organized crime with targeted prevention policies. The central axis is the establishment of a unified national public security system, ensuring effective coordination and information sharing among the various forces at all levels of government. The fight against organized crime must primarily target its financial flows and money laundering, relying on advanced tracing technologies. At the same time, drug policy must be reoriented towards a harm reduction approach, and particular attention will be paid to the protection of women and young people most exposed to violence. Thus, this would make it possible to reduce crime structurally by addressing both its manifestations and its social roots."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "The idea would be to carry out a structural offensive against crime, restoring the authority of the State where it has been supplanted. The approach consists of acting on two fronts: on the one hand, strengthening anticipatory capacities through the systematic integration of intelligence and the technological modernization of criminal investigation, notably for border control. On the other hand, it is imperative to dismantle the factions' operational base by retaking full control of the penitentiary system and improving the effectiveness of the police. Thus, this would make it possible to break the command structure of organized crime, shifting from a logic of mere reaction to a strategy of dismantling its foundations."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "The idea would be to break with a purely repressive approach to dismantle the systemic structures that feed organized crime and corruption. The central axis is to strengthen the integration of intelligence systems between the different security forces and the judiciary. This involves the sanctuarization of key institutions, by guaranteeing the autonomy of the federal police through fixed mandates offset from the political cycle. In parallel, the priority is to drastically reduce impunity by tightening the execution of sentences, ending special jurisdictions and applying detention upon conviction in the second instance. The effectiveness of the police forces will be stimulated by the establishment of measurable performance targets for the solving of crimes. Thus, this would make it possible to restore the credibility of the rule of law and to durably weaken criminal networks by targeting their political and economic ramifications."
}
] |
How can the quality of public education be improved at all levels?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "The idea would be to reposition education as a strategic investment essential to sovereign development and equality, breaking with the logic of dismantling public services. The right approach is to reactivate the National Education Plan as a roadmap, ensuring systemic coordination between the Union, the States and the municipalities. The effort must cover the entire pathway, from daycare to higher education, with particular attention to the valorization of education professionals. Priority will be given to a national catch-up program to make up for accumulated learning deficits. Thus, this would allow rebuilding a universal, free, and high-quality public system, capable of training citizens for the knowledge society and of guaranteeing a fairer future for the country."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "The idea would be to reform the education system to align it with contemporary economic and technological imperatives, in order to ensure high employability and strengthen national competitiveness. The approach consists in strengthening the synergy between institutions and the real needs of the labor market, notably through technical and vocational education. This involves updating curricula, prioritizing instruction in the fundamentals devoid of any ideological prism and massively integrating essential digital skills. This transformation also relies on the revalorization of teachers' careers. Thus, this would make it possible to train a critical mass of qualified young people, reduce the gap between the supply of training and job demand, and sustainably improve the country's position in international rankings."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "The idea would be to place education at the top of national priorities, restoring its role as the main lever of development and equality of opportunity. The central axis is to restore the steering capacity of the Ministry of Education to coordinate coherent action across the entire territory. Priority will be given to early childhood and to ensuring complete literacy for all pupils by the end of the second year of primary school. In parallel, full-time schooling will be generalized, high school will be reformed to incorporate technical and vocational training connected to the labor market, and teachers' careers will be enhanced. This would help to close learning gaps, reduce school dropout, and better prepare young people for their professional and civic future."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "The idea would be to undertake a structural transformation of public education to position it among the best in the world within 15 years, making it a national mission coordinated by the federal government. The strategy is based on enhancing the teaching career, with large-scale continuing education programs, attractive salaries and financial incentives for schools and teachers who meet their performance targets. In parallel, it is essential to gradually generalize full-time schooling from primary level and to develop a vocationally-oriented secondary education, including paid internships for students. Rigorous monitoring of results will guide targeted support to establishments in difficulty. Thus, this would make it possible to guarantee genuine equality of opportunity and to build a solid foundation of skills for the country's future."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "The idea would be to refound the national educational pact to guarantee quality teaching, from early childhood to university, in order to train autonomous citizens and to prepare the country for the challenges of the knowledge economy. The central axis is a profound revaluation of the teaching career, conditioned on a national system for evaluating skills and performance. In parallel, a strong managerial intervention must ensure more rigorous management of resources and the implementation of modern teaching methodologies, focused on the fundamental and technical skills required by local labor markets. Thus, this would make it possible to drastically reduce functional illiteracy and raise the overall level of students, while ensuring a better alignment between training and the country's real opportunities."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "The idea would be to rebuild the education system to make it a genuine engine of equal opportunity and competitiveness, aiming for world-class performance. The right approach is to establish results-oriented governance by systematizing the evaluation of teachers and institutions and tying part of the funding to performance. The student's pathway will be strengthened by universalizing pre-school, extending school time and integrating technical training into high school. At the same time, a higher education reform will aim to depoliticize the selection of its leaders and encourage self-financing. Thus, this would make it possible to raise the education system to international standards within seven years, ensuring better efficiency of public resources and developing the human capital essential to a productive economy."
}
] |
What direction should be given to the public health system (SUS) to strengthen access to and the effectiveness of care?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "The idea would be to treat health no longer as an expenditure but as a fundamental right and a pillar of national sovereignty. The right approach is to strengthen the public and universal character of the SUS through a massive reinvestment in its infrastructure, its equipment, and in the valorization of its professionals. The effort will focus on improving management, the relaunch of structuring policies guaranteeing primary care and access to essential medicines, as well as on rebuilding the health industrial complex to reduce external dependence. A priority will be to address unmet care demands inherited from the health crisis. Thus, this would make it possible to guarantee every citizen effective access to a comprehensive and quality health system, while preparing the country for future health challenges."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "The idea would be to transform the management of the public health system to ensure its efficiency and universality, relying on technology as a performance lever. The central axis of this modernization is the deployment of a digital health infrastructure, including a unified medical record for each citizen, in order to improve care coordination and streamline patient pathways. This transformation must be accompanied by a strengthening of primary and preventive care, which forms the foundation of the system, while optimizing resource management through better coordination between public and private actors. Thus, this would make it possible to offer more equitable and faster access to care across the entire territory, to improve the quality of medical follow-up, and to ensure the long-term sustainability of the system."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "The idea would be to refocus the public health system on its fundamental missions of prevention and community-based care, shifting from a disease-treatment logic to a genuine health-promotion policy. The central focus is to massively strengthen primary healthcare, regarded as the gateway to the system, and to invest in prevention, notably by resuming vaccination campaigns. Efficiency will be increased through the use of technology, such as telemedicine and the electronic medical record, to reduce waiting times. This strengthening will rely on a gradual increase in federal funding and better national coordination. Thus, this would help guarantee faster and more equitable access to care, strengthen the resilience of the system, and fulfill the promise of universal and effective public healthcare."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "The idea would be to rebuild the public health system to guarantee universal and effective access to care, by addressing as a priority the structural weaknesses aggravated by the health crisis. The approach would rely on the creation of a permanent regulatory center which, in partnership with the private sector, would aim to eliminate within one year the waiting lists for consultations, diagnostics and surgeries. In parallel, a redesign of the care pathway would strengthen primary care and its coordination with specialized referral centers, all integrated by an electronic medical record. To guarantee health sovereignty, national production of medicines and pharmaceutical inputs would be relaunched. Thus, this would make it possible to restore the system's response capacity, to reduce inequalities in access to care and to sustainably improve the population's quality of life."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "The idea would be to transform the public health system from a bureaucratic structure into an agile, citizen-centered service, making its improvement a state priority. The right approach is to deploy digital governance tools, such as an online management system and a unified national medical record, to ensure the traceability of care and the optimization of resources. It is essential to invest in the universalization of services, targeting critical areas such as mental health and care for the elderly, and to strengthen the training of health professionals to meet the real needs of the population. In this way, it would be possible to guarantee equitable, real-time access to care, improve the quality of services provided, and restore citizens' trust in their public health system."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "The idea would be to transform the public health system from a means-based logic to a results-oriented culture, making integration and technology the pillars of more efficient access to care for all. The right approach is to deploy a complete digitalization of the care pathway, with a single, unified medical record, in order to optimize coordination. Intelligent regulation centers will have the mission of mobilizing all available resources, including the unused capacity of the private sector, to reduce waiting lists. Funding will be progressively redirected to reward quality and actual clinical outcomes rather than the mere volume of procedures. Thus, this would make it possible to guarantee higher-quality care, reduce inefficiencies, and ensure the long-term financial sustainability of the system."
}
] |
What place should be given to public enterprises and the private sector in the national economy?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "The idea would be to restore the primacy of the State as a strategic actor and planner of development, positioning the private sector as an essential partner in achieving national objectives. The proper approach is to halt the privatization processes of strategic assets and to reaffirm the leading role of public enterprises in key sectors such as energy, logistics and credit. Public financial institutions will be consolidated to finance infrastructure and innovation over the long term. Private investment, for its part, will be actively encouraged through partnerships and concessions, provided that it is framed within missions of general interest, notably on social and environmental grounds. Thus, this would allow the State's investment power and private dynamism to be articulated to rebuild the productive apparatus, guarantee national sovereignty and steer the economy toward a fairer and more sustainable growth model."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "The idea would be to redefine the scope of the State's intervention to unlock the potential of the economy and stimulate entrepreneurship. The central focus is to accelerate the transfer to the private sector of activities it can manage more efficiently, through a sustained program of privatizations, concessions and public-private partnerships. This approach aims for a strategic refocusing: the State must concentrate its resources on its fundamental sovereign missions – security, health, education – where its action is irreplaceable. In this way, it would attract investment, improve competitiveness and the quality of services, while ensuring a more rigorous and efficient management of public finances."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "The idea would be to redefine the role of the State, positioning it as a strategic partner of private initiative, recognized as the primary driver of growth, investment and employment. The central axis of this strategy is the implementation of an ambitious program of concessions, privatizations and public-private partnerships, aimed at attracting capital and expertise from the private sector. To achieve this, the State will focus on creating a stable and predictable business environment, endowed with robust legal and regulatory certainty. The resources generated by these operations will be primarily earmarked for social policies aimed at poverty reduction and early childhood education. Thus, this would free up private investment potential, increase the productivity of the economy, and refocus the State's action on its essential social missions."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "The idea would be to redefine the pact between the State and the market to articulate planned national development with the vitality of private initiative. The State would assume the role of strategist and investor-catalyst, relaunching infrastructure projects and mobilizing a public development bank to direct financing toward key sectors. The private sector would be the engine of investment and innovation, within a competitive environment made healthier by a rigorous antitrust policy. Public enterprises, for their part, would be instruments serving this national strategy, notably to steer the energy transition and keep costs for the economy under control. Thus, this would allow reconciling a long-term vision and strengthened economic sovereignty with a dynamic, job-creating business environment."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "The idea would be to redefine the role of the State to make it a strategic partner of private initiative, rather than a direct economic operator, in order to mobilize private efficiency and capital to modernize the country. The right approach is to systematize the use of public-private partnerships (PPP) for the management of essential services, such as health and sanitation, while actively supporting small and medium-sized enterprises through facilitated access to credit and innovation. The State would then focus on its role as an effective regulator, imposing strict performance guarantees in contracts. Thus, this would create a synergy where the agility of the private sector accelerates the achievement of public objectives, while strengthening the competitiveness of the national economy."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "The idea would be to make the private sector the central engine of the economy, repositioning the State as an arbiter and a facilitator rather than an operator. The right approach is to withdraw the State from productive activities through a privatization program, while removing subsidies and market reservations that hinder competition. Public action should focus on its core missions: ensuring clear regulation, investing in strategic infrastructure, and dismantling monopolies. The private sector, including through partnerships, should assume the primary role in the production of goods and services. In this way, it would free up productive forces, attract investment, and generate stronger and more sustainable economic growth."
}
] |
What policy should the country adopt with respect to the rights of Indigenous peoples and the demarcation of lands?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee the territorial and cultural rights of indigenous peoples no longer as a concession, but as a constitutional duty of the State. The right approach consists in ensuring the effective possession of their lands by finalizing demarcation processes and preventing any predatory activity that threatens their rights and their ways of life. It is about strengthening the federal institutions dedicated to this mission and building public policies that value their culture, their traditions and their knowledge. This protection must guarantee a dignified life and full citizenship, by recognizing these peoples as essential actors of the nation. Thus, this would make it possible to secure their physical and cultural existence, to pacify land conflicts and to recognize their invaluable contribution to the protection of the environment."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "The idea would be to move beyond a purely conservationist approach to guarantee the autonomy of indigenous peoples through their full integration into economic development, while respecting national sovereignty. The right approach is to give them the means to sustainably enhance the value of their lands and resources, by encouraging the emergence of economic activities such as ethnotourism, agriculture, or regulated resource extraction. This implies ensuring their access to essential infrastructure – transport, energy, connectivity – so that they become full participants in the regional economy. Thus, this would make it possible to reconcile the protection of their way of life with a concrete improvement in their material conditions, while affirming that the development of these territories is part of a unified national project."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee the full effectiveness of the constitutional rights of indigenous peoples by restoring the primacy of the rule of law and the state's capacity to act to protect their territories. The central focus of this policy is to restore and strengthen the public institution responsible for indigenous affairs in order to rigorously enforce the legislation. This involves accelerating land regularization processes, while ensuring effective access to specific public policies in health, education, and social assistance. In this way, it would ensure the legal and physical security of communities, preserve their cultural heritage, and recognize their essential role in environmental protection."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "The idea would be to effectively guarantee the fundamental rights of indigenous peoples, considering the protection of their lands and their culture as an emergency. The core focus of the action is to ensure the respect, preservation and inviolability of territorial reserves, preventing any form of illegal exploitation by third parties. This protection must extend to their culture and to their traditional productive activities, which are vital for their subsistence. At the same time, a targeted health policy, with specifically trained doctors, must be implemented. Thus, this would enable the securing of their physical and cultural integrity while preserving their autonomy and way of life."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "The idea would be to move beyond the sterile divide between the sanctuarization of lands and their uncontrolled exploitation, by making protected territories vectors of sovereign economic development. The proper approach is to define, within the framework of a national strategic territorial plan, management models that reconcile the preservation of cultures and the sustainable economic development of these areas. It is imperative to stop considering them solely as reserves and to transform them into hubs of wealth production, while asserting an unwavering national sovereignty against any external interference and strengthening border surveillance to combat crime. Thus, this would align the protection of rights and the environment with the imperatives of growth and national security, guaranteeing that the valorization of these lands benefits the entire nation."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "The idea would be to move beyond a purely protective view of indigenous rights and integrate it into a dynamic of development and autonomy. The appropriate approach is to guarantee property rights to their lands, while initiating a revision of legislation to reconcile respect for cultural specificities with economic inclusion. The State must ensure effective protection against violence and illegal activities by strengthening surveillance and control measures over these territories. Thus, this would allow indigenous peoples to become actors in their own development, giving them the means to prosper economically while preserving their identity."
}
] |
How should Brazil define its international position vis-à-vis the major powers (United States, China, Europe) and regional partners?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "The idea would be to reposition the country as a global protagonist, basing its foreign policy on unassailable sovereignty and complete decision-making autonomy. The proper approach is to prioritize strengthening regional integration in Latin America, while revitalizing South-South cooperation, notably with Africa and within the Brics. Relations with the world's major powers must be pragmatic and diversified, established on the basis of national interests, without any form of submission or automatic alignment. Diplomatic action must be deployed in favor of a multipolar world order and the strengthening of multilateralism. Thus, this would allow the country to defend its interests flexibly and to regain its influence in the construction of a more balanced international order that respects the sovereignty of nations."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "The idea would be to pursue a pragmatic and sovereign foreign policy, founded on a dual priority: alignment with democracies that share the same values and the diversification of economic partnerships in the service of the national interest. The priority is to accelerate accession to organizations that enshrine the principles of the market economy and the rule of law, such as the OCDE, in order to strengthen the country's international credibility. At the same time, the strategy is to actively seek economic alliances and technological investments on a global scale, without ideological exclusion, focusing on concrete benefits for employment and national production. Thus, this would increase the country's attractiveness to capital, secure commercial relations and project an influence founded both on economic power and on the defense of a sovereign identity."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "The idea would be to restore the country's prestige and prominence on the international stage, breaking with isolation in favor of a pragmatic and active diplomacy. The approach consists of reaffirming regional leadership by consolidating and liberalizing Mercosur, while pursuing an ambitious trade opening through the conclusion of new agreements and accession to the OECD. This strategy relies on an active re-engagement in multilateral bodies, using participation in forums such as the G20 and BRICS to strengthen a rules-based international order. Thus, it would allow diversification of strategic partnerships without automatic alignment, multiplication of commercial opportunities, and the repositioning of the country as a credible and influential actor in global governance."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "The idea would be to reestablish the country's international posture on the principle of an active sovereignty and an uncompromising defense of its national interests. The right approach is to refuse any form of automatic alignment with the great powers and to evaluate each partnership, whether commercial or diplomatic, by the strict measure of its benefits for the country's economic development and autonomy. Relations with regional partners and global blocs will therefore be conducted on a pragmatic basis, without ideological prejudice. Thus, this would allow the country to retain full freedom of maneuver on the world stage and to maximize development opportunities by dealing as equals with all international actors."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "The idea would be to replace ideological alignments with pragmatic diplomacy, firmly anchored in the defense of national interests and the promotion of its strategic assets. The right approach is to assert uncompromising sovereignty, particularly on environmental issues, while using the country's potential in clean energy and food security as a lever of influence on the world stage. Partnerships, whether with great powers or regional neighbors, must be redefined on the basis of concrete mutual benefits, prioritizing the opening of new markets and cooperation on border security. Thus, this would allow the country to be repositioned as an indispensable and respected actor, capable of navigating a complex world order by capitalizing on its unique strengths to guarantee its prosperity and security."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "The idea would be to break with ideological isolation to re-anchor foreign policy on pragmatic grounds, making economic openness and environmental leadership the two pillars of its international credibility. The right approach is to pursue a unilateral opening of the economy, while making the transition to a carbon-neutral economy the main diplomatic lever. Priority will be given to finalizing the trade agreement with the European Union and joining the OECD, by restoring a constructive dialogue with traditional partners within multilateral bodies. In this way, it would restore the country's reputation, attract investment and boost foreign trade, repositioning the nation as a reliable actor and an essential leader of the new low-carbon economy."
}
] |
What policy should be pursued with regard to equality between women and men and the rights of minorities?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "The idea would be to make effective equality a non-negotiable pillar of democracy and development, by addressing the structural roots of discrimination. The right approach is to deploy a set of cross-cutting public policies to guarantee equal pay, to pursue and expand social and racial quota policies in higher education and the civil service, and to implement comprehensive health programs adapted to the needs of women and the LGBTQIA+ population. An absolute priority will be given to the fight against all forms of violence, ensuring the protection of victims and the end of impunity. Thus, this would make it possible to guarantee full citizenship for everyone, by building a country where human dignity is protected and where equality of rights and opportunities becomes a tangible reality in all areas of life."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "The idea would be to ensure concrete equality by focusing on the protection of the most vulnerable and the economic autonomy of women, recognizing the family as the pillar of society. The priority is to deploy targeted programs aimed at women's economic inclusion, through entrepreneurship and vocational training, while strengthening protection mechanisms against violence. For other vulnerable groups, such as the elderly or people with disabilities, the emphasis is on guaranteeing their fundamental social rights and their active integration. Thus, this would help strengthen social cohesion by relying on strong families, where each member has the means for their own autonomy and is protected by effective public policies."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "The idea would be to make the active promotion of equality and the valorization of diversity the foundation of a new social contract, by translating the principles into concrete actions. The central axis will consist of guaranteeing equitable representation at the highest level of the State, by establishing a ministry with gender parity and by expanding the representation of racial minorities in positions of responsibility. The approach will rely on strengthening quota policies and affirmative action, while promoting equal pay and guaranteeing equal opportunities for all minorities, including the LGBTQIA+ population and people with disabilities. Thus, this would make it possible to actively combat racism and structural discrimination and to build a society where inclusion is not merely a principle, but a tangible reality at all levels of decision-making."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "The idea would be to pursue a proactive policy to dismantle structural discrimination and guarantee the full social emancipation of women, as well as racial and sexual minorities and people with disabilities. The approach is based on targeted and binding actions: the establishment of a strict quantitative parity between women and men in leadership positions in the federal administration, the consolidation of quotas for the Black population in universities and public competitive exams, and the implementation of public procurement policies favoring companies from these minorities. Dedicated institutions, such as a Secrétariat national pour les droits LGBTQIA+, would also be created to steer these policies. In this way, it would be possible to turn the principle of equality into a tangible reality, by guaranteeing all social groups the same rights and the same opportunities."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "The idea would be to anchor equality and the protection of minorities in a pragmatic approach, focused on security and economic autonomy rather than on the mere recognition of formal rights. The right approach is to deploy a twofold strategy: on the one hand, guarantee the physical integrity of women by strengthening protection structures against violence; on the other hand, remove the obstacles to their economic emancipation by facilitating their access to training and by developing childcare services. Regarding minorities, the priority is to integrate them into a territorial development plan that values their lands in a sustainable manner. Thus, this would make it possible to build a society where equality of opportunity is a tangible reality, measured by the security and prosperity of each person, and no longer a mere legal principle."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee equality not as an abstract principle but as a tangible and legally binding reality, by making the State uncompromising in the face of any form of discrimination. The protection of women must be a priority, with the establishment of national standards for reception and investigation at police stations, and the specialized training of public officials. In parallel, the dignity of minorities will be ensured by concrete measures, such as simplifying procedures for changing a commonly used name and guaranteeing full equality of rights, notably with regard to social security for same-sex couples. Thus, this would help strengthen the rule of law by ensuring the effective application of laws for all, and build a society where safety and dignity do not depend on gender or sexual orientation."
}
] |
What approach should be adopted regarding the regulation of carrying and possession of weapons?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "The idea would be to break with the logic of individual armament as a solution to insecurity, reaffirming that valuing life is the absolute priority. The right approach is to incorporate strict control of the circulation of firearms into a coordinated national policy to reduce homicides and dismantle criminal organizations. Rather than delegating security to citizens, the effort will focus on strengthening state institutions and using intelligence to disrupt illegal networks. In this way, it would make it possible to address the structural causes of lethal violence and restore the state's monopoly on the use of force, creating a safer environment for the entire population."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee citizens' fundamental right to ensure their own protection, considering that the ability to defend oneself constitutes a pillar of collective security and individual liberty. The proper approach is therefore not to restrict but to preserve and expand legal access to weapons for citizens who meet the required conditions. The central axis is to consolidate the legal framework that guarantees this right, treating it as an instrument of deterrence essential to public security and social pacification. This policy also recognizes the use of weapons in a sporting and cultural context. Thus, this would make it possible to strengthen society's capacity to face violence, while enshrining individual responsibility as an indispensable complement to the action of the State."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "The idea would be to reverse the policy of liberalizing access to weapons, reaffirming the exclusive role of the State in the monopoly on force and the guarantee of security. The priority approach is to revoke all decrees that have weakened control over the carrying and possession of weapons. This measure will be complemented by a significant strengthening of the supervision and traceability of arms and ammunition in circulation. Thus, this would reduce the dissemination of weapons among the population and refocus the security strategy on strengthening public institutions, rather than arming citizens."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "The idea would be to treat the proliferation of firearms as a national security problem, considering that their expansion and use are today out of control. The absolute priority is therefore to reverse this trend by implementing a rigorous policy for the management and traceability of weapons and ammunition, relying on advanced technologies. This approach aims to dismantle the supply networks that feed criminality, in particular organized crime. In this way, it would make it possible to reduce violence by directly tackling the tools that make it possible, rather than facilitating a dissemination that exacerbates insecurity."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "The idea would be to refocus security policy on the State's exclusive monopoly on the use of force, considering that the response to crime lies in strong institutions rather than in arming citizens. The proper approach, therefore, is to invest massively in the modernization of law enforcement agencies, the integration of intelligence, and the deployment of advanced technologies for criminal investigation. The priority must be the dismantling of organized factions and the strengthening of border control, treating weapons regulation as a strategic tool to dry up the channels supplying crime. Thus, this would make it possible to reduce violence by attacking its organized roots, restoring public security as an effective sovereign prerogative rather than an individual responsibility."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "The idea would be to break with any policy of dissemination of weapons to reaffirm strict State control, by considering the circulation of firearms as a major public security issue. The right approach is to rebuild the State's regulatory capacity by establishing a national program of effective traceability for all weapons and ammunition, from their production or importation to their commercialization. This system will be run by a strengthened civil authority integrated with other existing databases, with a targeted effort on dismantling the illegal market. Thus, this would make it possible to reduce the availability of weapons in criminal activity and to restore the State's ability to regulate a domain vital to the security of citizens."
}
] |
What strategy should be implemented to combat corruption and strengthen trust in public institutions?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "The idea would be to redefine the fight against corruption as a tool of good governance, radically depoliticizing it. The proper approach is to restore oversight and prevention instruments in strict respect of the rule of law and fundamental safeguards, ensuring that they are never diverted for political purposes. The effort will focus on strengthening oversight institutions, such as the Federal Police and the General Inspectorate, and on guaranteeing absolute transparency by opening up government and applying the Access to Information Act. In this way, it would help ensure that public resources actually reach their destination, thereby restoring citizens' trust in institutions whose integrity serves effectiveness."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "The idea would be to establish a zero-tolerance culture toward corruption, relying on systemic mechanisms of prevention, detection and sanction. The approach consists of combining a radical strengthening of transparency, by making all expenditures and agendas public, with the deployment of rigorous integrity programs within each public entity. This preventive approach is complemented by a policy of systematic sanctioning of those responsible and effective mechanisms for the recovery of misappropriated assets. Thus, this would significantly reduce the room for maneuver for illicit acts, while restoring citizens' trust in institutions by the proof of a rigorous and responsible management of public funds."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "The idea would be to replace a repressive logic with a systemic corruption prevention strategy, by instituting radical transparency as the primary instrument of citizen oversight. The central axis is to promote a total opening of public data, particularly those relating to contracts, public procurement and companies partnered with the State, relying on the full digitization of public services by 2026 to guarantee traceability. In parallel, a zero-tolerance policy will be embodied by strengthening internal control bodies and the requirement for compliance programs throughout the administration. Thus, this would make it possible to restore citizens' trust in their institutions, to guarantee the integrity of public management and to ensure that every resource is used effectively and transparently."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "The idea would be to break with practices of systemic corruption by instituting radical transparency and restoring trust in public institutions. To achieve this, it is imperative to abolish special jurisdictions for political officeholders, with the exception of heads of state, to criminalize illicit enrichment, and to lift the banking and tax secrecy of senior officials. At the same time, trust would be reinforced by establishing merit-based selection processes for leadership positions in the administration and by full transparency of the accounts of political parties and public procurement, notably via digital tracking technologies. Thus, this would make it possible to break impunity, to guarantee a stable and predictable legal environment for investments, and to restore the integrity of public management."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "The idea would be to break the link between political power and judicial institutions in order to guarantee an impartial and effective fight against corruption. The right approach is to safeguard key institutions by ensuring the autonomy of the police and the public prosecutor's office through the establishment of fixed-term mandates for their leaders, who could only be removed from office for objective reasons validated by independent commissions. This structural independence must be complemented by two major reforms: the abolition of privileged jurisdiction for all authorities and the creation of a specialized National Anti-Corruption Court. Thus, this would make it possible to fully depoliticize the fight against corruption by transforming it into a purely technical and impartial state function, an essential condition for restoring citizens' trust in public institutions."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "The idea would be to address the root causes of corruption and mistrust by depoliticizing oversight institutions and instituting a culture of accountability. The right approach is to end impunity by making criminal sanctions more effective, notably by enforcing the sentence as soon as a conviction is upheld on appeal and by abolishing exceptional jurisdictions. It is essential to guarantee the autonomy of investigative bodies, such as the federal police, through fixed mandates independent of political power, and to professionalize oversight bodies by appointing career civil servants to them. This approach must be complemented by radical transparency in public action and tougher penalties for crimes against the State. Thus, it would make it possible to restore the credibility of the rule of law and to rebuild a lasting bond of trust between citizens and their institutions."
}
] |
How should the country reconcile freedom of expression with responsibility in the use of media and social networks?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "The idea would be to refound the democratic pact around information by treating freedom of expression not as an absolute, but as a right whose exercise entails a collective responsibility. The right approach is to initiate a broad legislative debate to finally regulate the sector. The objective is to provide the judicial system with effective tools to act against platforms spreading lies and anti-democratic messages, while guaranteeing network neutrality and the plurality of information. This approach will be accompanied by strengthened protection for journalists and freedom of the press. Thus, this would make it possible to reconcile the broadest freedom of the press with democratic cohesion, by ensuring that the digital space fosters pluralistic debate rather than hatred and disinformation."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "The idea would be to enshrine freedom of expression as a fundamental and non-negotiable pillar of democracy, considering it the driving force of adversarial debate and of the improvement of institutions. The central thrust is to position the State as the active guarantor of this freedom, and not as an arbiter of content. Rather than instituting mechanisms of control or regulation, the priority is to stimulate and protect the expression of ideas, including those that are minority or controversial, across all media including the press and social networks. Thus, this would help to foster a healthy intellectual dynamic, strengthen critical thinking, and promote a constant dialogue, all of which are deemed indispensable to the vitality of society."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee freedom of expression as a pillar of democracy, while ensuring that it does not become a vehicle for the destruction of public debate and institutions. The right approach is to rely on the strength of the rule of law and respect for existing laws, rather than to create exceptional legislation. The handling of abuses should fall under the rigorous enforcement of the legal framework by independent judicial institutions, protecting citizens against defamation, hatred and criminal disinformation. Public action should focus on promoting a calm civic dialogue and defending plurality. Thus, this would help preserve a healthy public space, where freedom is firmly guaranteed and where responsibility is ensured by ordinary law, strengthening confidence in democratic debate."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "The idea would be to reconcile freedom of expression with the promotion of cultural sovereignty in the digital age, by focusing on the economic regulation of platforms rather than on the control of individual content. The right approach is to regulate streaming services, following the European model, to guarantee a mandatory investment in independent local production and ensure better visibility for these works. Rather than restricting exchanges, the strategy relies on supporting national digital content creators and on democratizing access to internet and to communication tools. Thus, this would help strengthen cultural identity and the diversity of available content, by shaping a more balanced media ecosystem without infringing on fundamental freedoms."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee a healthy public debate by rigorously applying the existing legal framework to abuses committed online, rather than creating content-control mechanisms that would threaten freedoms. The right approach is to strengthen the investigative capacities of the police and the judiciary to identify and sanction offenders, in accordance with ordinary law. At the same time, the priority is to invest heavily in civic education and the development of critical thinking within the school system, in order to make citizens less vulnerable to manipulation and disinformation. Thus, this would reconcile the protection of freedom of expression with the necessary sanctioning of offenses, making the law the sole arbiter and education the main bulwark against excesses."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "The idea would be to reaffirm freedom of expression as a non-negotiable principle, where responsibility emerges from transparency and public debate rather than state regulation. The proper approach is to impose radical transparency on government action, by expanding the law on access to information to arm citizens and a free press against disinformation. The State must position itself as guarantor of this freedom, refraining from any intervention in content and leaving it to the judiciary to sanction proven abuses in accordance with fundamental laws. Thus, this would help foster a robust media ecosystem, where trust is built through the free confrontation of ideas and the accountability of power, not through censorship."
}
] |
Comment le Brésil doit-il gérer l’équilibre entre croissance économique, stabilité budgétaire et lutte contre l’inflation ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "L'idée serait de rompre avec un cadre budgétaire rigide pour restaurer la croissance comme pilier de la stabilité. La bonne approche consiste à remplacer le plafond de dépenses par un nouveau régime fiscal crédible et prévisible, mais suffisamment flexible pour permettre l'investissement public contracyclique. Le combat contre l'inflation doit cibler ses causes structurelles, notamment par une politique de prix des combustibles qui tienne compte des coûts de production nationaux, plutôt que de reposer uniquement sur des taux d'intérêt élevés. Cette stratégie sera soutenue par une réforme fiscale d'envergure visant à accroître la progressivité de l'impôt et à financer la modernisation de l'appareil productif. Ainsi, cela permettrait de relancer l'économie de manière durable, de maîtriser l'inflation en agissant sur l'offre et de garantir la soutenabilité des finances publiques grâce aux fruits du retour de la croissance."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "L'idée serait de poser la stabilité budgétaire comme le fondement indispensable à une croissance durable et à une inflation maîtrisée. La bonne approche consiste à consolider l'ajustement des comptes publics pour réduire le poids de la dette, tout en menant des réformes structurelles clés : simplification fiscale, désétatisations et allègement de la bureaucratie pour stimuler le secteur privé. Parallèlement, le contrôle de l'inflation doit être assuré par le respect d'un régime de cibles et la garantie de l'indépendance de la Banque Centrale. Ainsi, cela permettrait de restaurer la confiance des acteurs économiques, d'attirer les investissements et de lancer un cycle vertueux de création d'emplois et de richesse."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "L'idée serait de restaurer les fondements de la stabilité macroéconomique pour catalyser une croissance économique durable et inclusive. La priorité est de rétablir un cadre crédible reposant sur des cibles d'inflation respectées, la responsabilité budgétaire et un régime de change flottant. Pour y parvenir, l'approche consiste à mettre en œuvre dès les six premiers mois des réformes structurelles, notamment une réforme fiscale axée sur la simplification via un impôt sur la valeur ajoutée (IVA) et une réforme administrative visant l'efficacité des services publics. Ce pilotage sera renforcé par une politique de maîtrise des dépenses, un soutien à l'indépendance de la Banque Centrale et un environnement stable pour attirer l'investissement privé. Ainsi, cela permettrait de maîtriser durablement l'inflation, d'assainir les comptes publics et de relancer un cycle de croissance créateur d'emplois et d'opportunités."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "L'idée serait d'orchestrer une reprise de la croissance économique durable en garantissant simultanément la stabilité des prix et l'équilibre des comptes publics. L'axe central est une vaste réforme fiscale et budgétaire, visant à la fois une augmentation des recettes – par la taxation des dividendes et des grandes fortunes – et une rationalisation des dépenses, via une réduction de 20 % des incitations fiscales dès la première année et l'adoption d'un budget base zéro. Parallèlement, la relance des chantiers d'infrastructure, soutenue par une banque publique de développement, doit stimuler l'activité. La banque centrale conservera son autonomie opérationnelle avec un double mandat de maîtrise de l'inflation et de recherche du plein emploi. Ainsi, cela permettrait de générer 5 millions d'emplois sur deux ans tout en assurant la soutenabilité budgétaire à long terme."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "L'idée serait de s'attaquer à la racine de l'inefficacité économique par une refonte structurelle du système fiscal, afin de concilier croissance, stabilité et maîtrise des prix. L'axe central consiste à instaurer un impôt fédéral unique pour remplacer la complexité actuelle, une démarche visant à alléger la charge pesant sur les entreprises et les salariés, à combattre l'évasion fiscale et à optimiser la gestion des dépenses publiques. En parallèle, un soutien accru doit être dirigé vers les micro et petites entreprises via un accès facilité au crédit et à l'innovation pour stimuler l'investissement et la productivité. Ainsi, cela permettrait de restaurer la stabilité budgétaire tout en libérant le potentiel de croissance et en réduisant les pressions inflationnistes de manière durable."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "L'idée serait de rompre avec la gestion des compromis à court terme pour bâtir une croissance durable sur des fondations assainies, où la stabilité budgétaire est la condition première de la prospérité. La bonne approche consiste à engager une réforme structurelle de l'État pour le rendre plus efficient, en supprimant les subventions improductives et les privilèges. Parallèlement, une ouverture unilatérale de l'économie est nécessaire pour stimuler la compétitivité et la productivité, ce qui exerce une pression à la baisse sur les prix. Cette stratégie s'appuie également sur une simplification du système tributaire, avec l'instauration d'un impôt sur la valeur ajoutée, et une modernisation des lois du travail. Ainsi, cela permettrait d'attaquer les racines de l'inflation et de la stagnation, créant un environnement propice à l'investissement et à une croissance soutenable."
}
] |
Quelle doit être la politique du pays en matière de fiscalité et de dépenses publiques ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "L'idée serait de refonder le pacte fiscal pour qu'il devienne un levier de développement et de justice sociale. La démarche repose sur deux piliers : la révocation du plafond de dépenses, remplacé par un nouveau régime budgétaire crédible et flexible qui autorise l'investissement public, et une réforme tributaire profonde. Cette dernière visera à simplifier le système, à réduire l'imposition sur la consommation et à augmenter significativement la progressivité, en faisant contribuer davantage les plus hauts revenus. Les ressources ainsi dégagées seront prioritairement allouées au financement de l'État-providence et à la reconstruction des services publics. Ainsi, cela permettrait de redonner à la politique budgétaire sa capacité d'action pour réduire les inégalités et stimuler l'économie."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "L'idée serait de réformer la gestion des finances publiques pour en faire un levier de croissance, en se concentrant sur l'efficacité des dépenses et la réduction de la pression fiscale. La bonne approche consiste à optimiser chaque dépense publique en révisant systématiquement les programmes, en décorrélant les budgets des indexations automatiques et en se concentrant sur les services essentiels. Sur le plan fiscal, l'objectif est de simplifier le système pour le rendre plus juste et compétitif, avec une baisse ciblée des impôts, notamment en relevant significativement le seuil d'exonération de l'impôt sur le revenu pour les salariés. Ainsi, cela permettrait de libérer des ressources pour l'investissement privé, d'augmenter le pouvoir d'achat des ménages et de garantir la soutenabilité des comptes publics à long terme."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "L'idée serait de refonder le pacte budgétaire et fiscal sur des bases de simplicité, d'équité et d'efficacité pour garantir la justice sociale et la soutenabilité des comptes publics. L'axe central est une réforme fiscale d'envergure, à mettre en œuvre dans les six premiers mois, instaurant un impôt sur la valeur ajoutée (IVA) pour simplifier la taxation de la consommation et rendant l'impôt sur le revenu plus progressif. En matière de dépenses, la priorité est de rationaliser la dépense publique en réduisant les dépenses fiscales inefficaces et en donnant une transparence totale à l'exécution du budget. Une révision systématique des programmes permettra de réallouer les ressources vers les politiques sociales à fort impact. Ainsi, cela permettrait de mieux maîtriser les dépenses, d'alléger la complexité du système fiscal et d'assurer une répartition plus juste de la charge fiscale tout en renforçant les services essentiels à la population."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "L'idée serait de conduire une réforme fiscale d'envergure pour garantir la soutenabilité des comptes publics tout en finançant les investissements stratégiques. La priorité est de rééquilibrer la charge fiscale en allégeant les impôts sur la production, via la fusion de cinq taxes en une seule, pour la reporter sur le patrimoine et les revenus. Cette démarche inclut l'instauration d'une taxe de 0,5 % sur les fortunes de plus de 20 millions, la réintroduction de l'impôt sur les dividendes et, du côté des dépenses, une réduction de 20 % des subventions et incitations fiscales dès la première année. L'adoption d'un budget base zéro permettra en parallèle un examen détaillé de toutes les dépenses courantes. Ainsi, cela permettrait de dégager des marges de manœuvre budgétaires importantes pour relancer les services publics et les infrastructures."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "L'idée serait de rompre avec des décennies d'immobilisme par une refonte structurelle du système fiscal, qui est la clé de voûte de la maîtrise des dépenses publiques. L'axe central est l'instauration d'un impôt fédéral unique, destiné à simplifier radicalement la collecte, à réduire la bureaucratie et à mieux répartir la charge fiscale entre les citoyens et les entreprises. Cette approche doit s'accompagner d'une lutte renforcée contre l'évasion et d'une gestion optimisée des ressources de l'État, tout en garantissant le respect de l'autonomie financière des entités fédérées. L'objectif est de rendre la machine publique plus efficiente pour libérer des fonds pour les investissements essentiels. Ainsi, cela permettrait d'assainir durablement les comptes publics, de stimuler l'économie et de corriger les déséquilibres territoriaux."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "L'idée serait de redéfinir le rôle de l'État pour en faire un garant efficient des services publics, avec la responsabilité budgétaire comme principe non négociable. La priorité est une profonde réforme administrative axée sur les résultats, accompagnée de la suppression des subventions et des privilèges qui alourdissent les comptes. Côté fiscalité, la complexité actuelle doit être remplacée par un système simple et juste, fondé sur un impôt unique sur la valeur ajoutée et des règles unifiées pour la taxation des revenus et des salaires. Ainsi, cela permettrait de restaurer l'équilibre des comptes, de rendre le système fiscal plus équitable et de libérer des ressources pour les fonctions essentielles de l'État sans augmenter la charge globale."
}
] |
Comment garantir l’efficacité et la pérennité des programmes sociaux de lutte contre la pauvreté ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "L'idée serait de refonder les programmes sociaux sur une double logique : garantir un revenu de base pour répondre à l'urgence, tout en les intégrant dans une stratégie de développement humain et d'inclusion économique. L'axe central est la mise en place d'un programme de revenu de citoyenneté, rénové et élargi, assurant des montants compatibles avec les besoins réels de la population. Ce dispositif doit s'appuyer sur le renforcement d'un système national unifié d'assistance sociale pour garantir une couverture large et équitable sur tout le territoire. Son efficacité sera assurée en le liant à des actions d'inclusion productive, tant en milieu urbain que rural, pour créer de réelles passerelles vers l'emploi et l'autonomie. Ainsi, cela permettrait de passer d'une logique d'assistance à une véritable garantie de droits, en visant une transition par étapes vers un système universel qui éradique la pauvreté de manière structurelle."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "L'idée serait de transformer les programmes sociaux en tremplins vers l'autonomie économique plutôt qu'en simples subventions. L'approche efficace consiste à conditionner l'aide à une trajectoire d'insertion professionnelle, en couplant les transferts de revenus à des programmes de qualification, à l'accès au microcrédit et, surtout, à des mécanismes incitatifs qui rendent le maintien de l'aide compatible avec la reprise d'un emploi formel. Cette articulation doit encourager l'entrepreneuriat et la formalisation de l'emploi. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir que l'aide sociale soit une solution temporaire et responsabilisante, qui brise le cycle de la dépendance et favorise une sortie durable de la pauvreté par le travail et l'initiative individuelle."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "L'idée serait de transformer l'assistance sociale en un levier d'émancipation durable, en consolidant un système de protection sociale à la fois permanent et orienté vers l'autonomie des bénéficiaires. L'approche consiste à instituer un programme de transfert de revenu permanent, sanctuarisé de toute instrumentalisation politique, dont l'efficacité reposera sur un ciblage précis via un registre social unique renforcé. Le maintien de l'aide sera conditionné à des engagements clairs en matière de scolarisation, de suivi médical et de vaccination, afin de briser le cycle intergénérationnel de la pauvreté. L'objectif principal est de faire de ce socle une transition vers l'emploi, en l'articulant avec des politiques actives d'insertion professionnelle et de microcrédit productif. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir une sécurité de revenu pour les plus vulnérables tout en leur offrant des parcours concrets vers l'autonomie économique et la pleine citoyenneté."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "L'idée serait de refonder la lutte contre la pauvreté en articulant un soutien direct et des leviers d'autonomisation économique. L'approche consiste d'abord à assainir la situation financière des ménages via un vaste programme de renégociation de dettes, encourageant les remises de créances en échange d'un refinancement public sur 36 mois. Parallèlement, les prestations sociales existantes seraient consolidées en un programme de revenu minimum universel. Son efficacité reposerait sur un registre social unique, constamment mis à jour pour un ciblage géographique précis, et sur un accompagnement des familles vers l'emploi par des centres de référence. Cette démarche serait complétée par un plan d'urgence pour la création de 5 millions d'emplois. Ainsi, cela permettrait de passer d'une logique d'assistance à une dynamique d'inclusion durable, en restaurant à la fois le pouvoir d'achat et l'accès au travail."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "L'idée serait de transformer l'assistance sociale d'une simple mesure palliative en un véritable levier d'autonomie durable pour les bénéficiaires. La pérennité des programmes repose sur une approche de responsabilité partagée, où l'aide fédérale est conditionnée à des engagements concrets comme la fréquentation scolaire des enfants et l'intégration des jeunes dans des filières de formation technique. La priorité est de lier le soutien financier à des parcours d'insertion professionnelle, notamment pour les mères, afin de renforcer leur capacité à subvenir à leurs besoins, tout en développant les infrastructures de soutien comme les crèches pour lever les freins à l'emploi. Ainsi, cela permettrait de passer d'une logique d'assistanat à une dynamique d'émancipation, assurant à la fois l'efficacité des aides et leur soutenabilité sur le long terme."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "L'idée serait de transformer les programmes sociaux d'une logique d'assistance à une stratégie d'émancipation, en s'attaquant aux causes structurelles de la pauvreté. La bonne approche consiste à fonder toute action sur une mesure continue et précise de la pauvreté via des indicateurs nationaux, afin de focaliser les interventions sur les cas les plus critiques, notamment la pauvreté infantile. Il est ensuite crucial d'établir des objectifs de réduction contraignants à moyen et long terme qui orientent les dépenses publiques. La pérennité du système repose sur une stricte responsabilité budgétaire et sur des actions visant à stimuler l'entrepreneuriat comme voie de sortie durable. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir que chaque ressource investie contribue non seulement à un soulagement immédiat, mais surtout à rompre définitivement le cycle de la précarité."
}
] |
Quelle stratégie adopter pour protéger l’Amazonie et réduire la déforestation tout en soutenant les activités économiques locales ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "L'idée serait de substituer au modèle d'exploitation prédatrice une stratégie de développement durable qui valorise la forêt. La bonne approche consiste à mener une politique de tolérance zéro contre le crime environnemental, en luttant implacablement contre la déforestation illégale, la prospection minière clandestine et l'accaparement des terres. Simultanément, il s'agit de débloquer le potentiel de la bioéconomie en stimulant, via la recherche et l'innovation, les activités économiques à faible impact écologique. Cet effort s'accompagnera d'un objectif de déforestation nette zéro, atteint par la restauration des zones dégradées et le reboisement. Ainsi, cela permettrait de faire de la préservation de l'Amazonie un moteur de croissance et de souveraineté, en harmonisant protection des écosystèmes et prospérité locale."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "L'idée serait de concilier la protection de la forêt avec un développement économique souverain, en transformant la conservation en une opportunité de richesse pour les populations locales. L'approche centrale consiste à intensifier les opérations coordonnées de contrôle et de répression des activités illégales, en s'appuyant sur la technologie pour une surveillance accrue et une réponse rapide. Parallèlement, il est prioritaire de structurer des filières économiques viables, comme l'écotourisme et l'exploitation durable des ressources, soutenues par des mécanismes financiers incitatifs tels que le paiement pour services environnementaux et le marché du carbone. L'objectif est de rendre la préservation plus rentable que la destruction pour les habitants. Ainsi, cela permettrait de réduire la déforestation en offrant des alternatives économiques concrètes aux communautés, tout en renforçant la présence de l'État et la souveraineté nationale sur ce territoire stratégique."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "L'idée serait de faire de la protection de l'environnement le moteur d'un nouveau cycle de développement, en positionnant le pays comme un leader de l'économie verte. L'approche consiste à combiner une politique de tolérance zéro envers la déforestation illégale, en restaurant la pleine capacité d'action des organes de contrôle et en luttant fermement contre le crime organisé. Parallèlement, il est essentiel de créer des incitations économiques positives en structurant un marché national de crédits carbone, en promouvant le paiement pour services environnementaux et en soutenant la bioéconomie et l'agriculture bas-carbone. Cette stratégie s'appuiera sur la relance de fonds de préservation et l'intégration des communautés locales. Ainsi, cela permettrait non seulement de stopper la destruction des biomes, mais aussi de générer de la richesse et d'améliorer les conditions de vie en Amazonie à partir de la valorisation de la forêt debout."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "L'idée serait de faire de la préservation de la forêt un moteur de développement économique, en démontrant que sa valeur écologique est un atout supérieur à celui des terres défrichées. La stratégie repose sur la mise en œuvre immédiate d'un zonage économique et écologique, en particulier dans la région amazonienne, pour clarifier les usages du sol et sécuriser les droits fonciers. Il est impératif d’impliquer les populations locales dans des filières économiques rentables et durables qui excluent la déforestation, en s'appuyant sur la recherche scientifique locale pour développer de nouveaux produits et modes de gestion soutenable des ressources. Ainsi, cela permettrait de concilier et d’intégrer durablement l'agriculture, l'élevage et la forêt, en transformant la conservation en une activité économique viable pour les communautés."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "L'idée serait de dépasser l'opposition stérile entre préservation et exploitation en faisant de la forêt un moteur de développement économique durable, au service de la souveraineté nationale. La stratégie repose sur un double pilier : le développement d'une bioéconomie à forte valeur ajoutée — industrie pharmaceutique, cosmétique, tourisme écologique — et un renforcement intransigeant de l'État contre les activités illégales. Il est donc impératif d'offrir une sécurité juridique aux investissements bas-carbone et de promouvoir l'innovation, tout en menant une lutte acharnée contre le déboisement criminel, l'exploitation minière illégale et le trafic, via une planification territoriale rigoureuse. Ainsi, cela permettrait de transformer la protection de l'écosystème en un puissant levier de création de richesse et d'emplois, rendant la \"forêt debout\" plus rentable que sa destruction."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "L'idée serait de dépasser l'opposition entre préservation et développement en faisant de la transition écologique le principal levier de la prospérité nationale. La bonne approche consiste à transformer la conservation en une activité génératrice de revenus, en monétisant la forêt sur pied grâce à un marché robuste de crédits carbone et au financement du reboisement des terres dégradées. L’axe central est de faire de l'Amazonie un pôle mondial de bioéconomie et de capture de carbone, tout en intégrant l'élevage à la préservation des écosystèmes. L'objectif est d'atteindre la déforestation nette zéro d'ici 2030, en luttant fermement contre les activités illégales. Ainsi, cela permettrait d'enclencher un nouveau cycle d'investissements verts, de créer des emplois durables pour les populations locales et de repositionner le pays comme une puissance de la nouvelle économie bas-carbone."
}
] |
Quelle politique énergétique le Brésil doit-il privilégier entre énergies fossiles, hydroélectricité et renouvelables ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "L'idée serait de piloter la transition énergétique en s'appuyant sur la maîtrise des ressources nationales existantes pour financer et accélérer le déploiement des énergies propres. La bonne approche consiste à réaffirmer le rôle de l’État comme coordinateur stratégique, en reprenant le contrôle des grands acteurs de la production et de la distribution d'énergie. Il s'agit de mettre en place une politique de prix des combustibles qui reflète les coûts nationaux, protégeant ainsi l'économie de la volatilité externe. Les richesses issues de l'exploitation des hydrocarbures, gérées de manière souveraine, doivent être réinvesties massivement pour diversifier la matrice énergétique, en privilégiant l'expansion des filières renouvelables. Ainsi, cela permettrait de concilier autosuffisance en pétrole et dérivés avec le leadership dans la transition écologique, garantissant une énergie accessible pour la population et l'industrie tout en respectant les engagements climatiques."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "L'idée serait d'assurer la sécurité énergétique nationale par une diversification pragmatique des sources, tout en capitalisant sur le potentiel des énergies propres pour affirmer un leadership mondial. La priorité n'est pas d'opposer les filières mais de les articuler de manière stratégique. L'axe central est de consolider l'exploitation des ressources existantes, notamment le gaz naturel pour garantir la stabilité industrielle et des prix, tout en lançant un programme ambitieux de développement des énergies renouvelables comme le solaire, l'éolien offshore et l'hydrogène vert. Ainsi, cela permettrait de réduire progressivement la dépendance aux énergies carbonées et aux marchés internationaux, d’offrir une énergie compétitive aux citoyens et aux entreprises, et de transformer le pays en un exportateur majeur d'énergie verte."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "L'idée serait d'accélérer la transition vers une matrice énergétique sobre en carbone, qui soit à la fois plus propre, sûre, abordable et efficace, en s'appuyant sur les avantages compétitifs du pays. La bonne approche consiste à stimuler la compétition entre les différentes sources d'énergie propres plutôt qu'à en privilégier une seule. Le développement des filières éolienne, solaire, des biocarburants, de la biomasse et de l'hydrogène vert sera activement promu, en complément du potentiel hydroélectrique existant et en intégrant le gaz naturel comme énergie de transition. Cette diversification s'accompagnera d'une gouvernance sectorielle améliorée et de la suppression des subventions injustifiées. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir la sécurité d'approvisionnement, de respecter les engagements climatiques en réduisant les émissions et de fournir une énergie compétitive pour l'économie et les ménages."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "L'idée serait d'engager une transition énergétique rapide vers une matrice de production 100 % propre, en mobilisant les ressources naturelles du pays pour garantir une énergie abondante et abordable. La stratégie consiste à réformer la politique de prix de la compagnie pétrolière nationale pour la décorréler des marchés internationaux, tout en la transformant en un pôle d'innovation pour les énergies nouvelles comme l'éolien, le solaire et l'hydrogène vert. Parallèlement, l'hydroélectricité serait optimisée comme source de réserve pour les pics de consommation, ce qui permettrait de programmer l'élimination complète des centrales thermoélectriques polluantes d'ici 2030. Ainsi, cela permettrait de protéger l'économie contre l'inflation importée via les prix de l'énergie et d'assurer une autosuffisance durable et décarbonée."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "L'idée serait de capitaliser sur les atouts naturels du pays pour opérer une transition vers une économie à bas carbone, affirmant ainsi son leadership sur la scène internationale. La priorité est d'inscrire la transition vers une matrice énergétique propre et diversifiée comme une politique d'État. Cela implique de stimuler activement la production d'énergies renouvelables — éolienne, solaire, biomasse — pour réduire la dépendance excessive à l'hydroélectricité. La stratégie passe par une libéralisation du marché pour favoriser la compétitivité et une baisse des coûts pour les consommateurs, ainsi qu'une réorganisation du cadre réglementaire pour attirer les investissements. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir la sécurité énergétique, de réduire le coût de l'énergie pour les citoyens et les entreprises, et de positionner le pays comme une référence mondiale dans le respect des engagements climatiques."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "L'idée serait d'abandonner la dépendance aux énergies fossiles pour accélérer la transition vers une économie bas-carbone, en faisant des énergies propres le moteur principal de la modernisation et de la compétitivité. La stratégie consiste à déployer massivement les sources renouvelables comme le solaire, l’éolien et l’éthanol. Une priorité particulière sera accordée à la biomasse, reconnue comme un atout national supérieur aux combustibles fossiles. Cette transition doit s'opérer dans tous les secteurs, en commençant par l'agro-industrie qui doit viser l'autonomie énergétique via des sources propres. Ainsi, cela permettrait de réduire drastiquement les émissions de gaz à effet de serre, tout en créant des emplois et en positionnant le pays comme une puissance de l’économie verte."
}
] |
Quelles priorités doivent guider la politique de sécurité publique et la lutte contre la criminalité organisée ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "L'idée serait de refonder la politique de sécurité sur la valorisation de la vie et la prévention, en rupture avec le modèle purement guerrier. La bonne approche consiste à remplacer la logique de confrontation par des stratégies basées sur l'intelligence et l'information pour démanteler les organisations criminelles, y compris les milices. L'axe central sera le renforcement d'un système national de sécurité unifié, favorisant la coordination entre les forces de police et une action ciblée sur la réduction des homicides. Une priorité sera accordée à la valorisation des professionnels de la sécurité, à travers la modernisation des carrières, la formation continue et la mise en place d'un soutien psychosocial. Ainsi, cela permettrait de s'attaquer aux racines de la criminalité organisée tout en promouvant une culture de la paix et du respect des droits fondamentaux."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "L'idée serait de rétablir l'ordre public par une action résolue de l'État, tout en renforçant les capacités de défense des citoyens face à la criminalité. L'axe prioritaire consiste à renforcer significativement les moyens humains, matériels et juridiques des forces de sécurité, en leur garantissant une protection accrue dans l'exercice de leurs fonctions. L'approche s'appuie sur une coordination renforcée entre les institutions fédérales, étatiques et municipales, et sur l'utilisation de technologies avancées comme l'intelligence artificielle et la police scientifique pour démanteler les réseaux organisés. En parallèle, la stratégie repose sur la garantie du droit fondamental des citoyens à la légitime défense. Ainsi, cela permettrait d'obtenir une baisse tangible des indices de violence et de rétablir un environnement où la loi protège efficacement l'ensemble de la population."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "L'idée serait de reprendre l'initiative face à la criminalité organisée en restaurant la coordination centrale de l'État et en adoptant une posture de tolérance zéro. La priorité est de recréer un ministère de la Sécurité publique pour piloter une stratégie nationale unifiée, en plaçant l'Union au cœur de l'articulation des actions. Pour y parvenir, l'approche consiste à intégrer toutes les forces de sécurité autour d'un système d'information unique et d'un usage intensif du renseignement. Le contrôle des frontières sera renforcé pour endiguer le trafic d'armes et de drogues, tandis que les décrets assouplissant la détention d'armes seront révoqués au profit d'une politique de contrôle et de traçabilité stricte. Ainsi, cela permettrait de démanteler plus efficacement les réseaux criminels, de réduire les homicides et de restaurer l'autorité de l'État sur l'ensemble du territoire."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "L'idée serait d'adopter une approche intégrée de la sécurité, en articulant la répression du crime organisé avec des politiques de prévention ciblées. L'axe central est la mise en place d'un système national unifié de sécurité publique, garantissant une coordination effective et un partage d'informations entre les différentes forces à tous les échelons de gouvernement. La lutte contre la criminalité organisée doit prioritairement s'attaquer à ses flux financiers et au blanchiment d'argent, en s'appuyant sur des technologies avancées de traçage. Parallèlement, la politique sur les drogues doit être réorientée vers une approche de réduction des risques, et une attention particulière sera portée à la protection des femmes et des jeunes les plus exposés à la violence. Ainsi, cela permettrait de réduire la criminalité de manière structurelle en s'attaquant à la fois à ses manifestations et à ses racines sociales."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "L'idée serait de mener une offensive structurelle contre la criminalité, en restaurant l'autorité de l'État là où elle a été supplantée. L'approche consiste à agir sur deux fronts : d'une part, renforcer les capacités d'anticipation par l'intégration systématique du renseignement et la modernisation technologique de l'investigation pénale, notamment pour le contrôle des frontières. D'autre part, il est impératif de démanteler la base opérationnelle des factions en reprenant le contrôle total du système pénitentiaire et en améliorant l'efficacité de la police. Ainsi, cela permettrait de briser la structure de commandement du crime organisé, passant d'une logique de simple réaction à une stratégie de démantèlement de ses fondations."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "L'idée serait de rompre avec une approche purement répressive pour démanteler les structures systémiques qui nourrissent la criminalité organisée et la corruption. L'axe central est de renforcer l'intégration des systèmes de renseignement entre les différentes forces de sécurité et la justice. Cela passe par la sanctuarisation des institutions-clés, en garantissant l'autonomie de la police fédérale via des mandats fixes et décalés du cycle politique. En parallèle, la priorité est de réduire drastiquement l'impunité par un durcissement de l'exécution des peines, la fin des juridictions spéciales et l'application de la détention dès la condamnation en seconde instance. L'efficacité des forces de police sera stimulée par l'instauration de cibles de performance mesurables pour l'élucidation des crimes. Ainsi, cela permettrait de restaurer la crédibilité de l'État de droit et d'affaiblir durablement les réseaux criminels en s'attaquant à leurs ramifications politiques et économiques."
}
] |
Comment améliorer la qualité de l’éducation publique à tous les niveaux ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "L'idée serait de repositionner l'éducation comme un investissement stratégique essentiel au développement souverain et à l'égalité, en rompant avec la logique de démantèlement des services publics. La bonne approche consiste à réactiver le Plan National d'Éducation comme feuille de route, en assurant une coordination systémique entre l'Union, les États et les municipalités. L'effort doit couvrir l'ensemble du parcours, de la crèche à l'enseignement supérieur, avec une attention particulière à la valorisation des professionnels de l'éducation. Une priorité sera accordée à un programme national de rattrapage scolaire pour combler les déficits d'apprentissage accumulés. Ainsi, cela permettrait de reconstruire un système public universel, gratuit et de qualité, capable de former des citoyens pour la société de la connaissance et de garantir un avenir plus juste pour le pays."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "L'idée serait de réformer le système éducatif pour l'aligner sur les impératifs économiques et technologiques contemporains, afin de garantir une haute employabilité et de renforcer la compétitivité nationale. L'approche consiste à renforcer la synergie entre les établissements, notamment via l'enseignement technique et professionnel, et les besoins réels du marché du travail. Cela passe par une actualisation des programmes, privilégiant un enseignement des fondamentaux dénué de tout prisme idéologique et intégrant massivement les compétences numériques essentielles. Cette transformation s'appuie également sur la revalorisation de la carrière des enseignants. Ainsi, cela permettrait de former une masse critique de jeunes qualifiés, de réduire le décalage entre l'offre de formation et la demande d'emploi, et d'améliorer durablement la position du pays dans les classements internationaux."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "L'idée serait de placer l'éducation au sommet des priorités nationales, en lui restituant son rôle de principal levier de développement et d'égalité des chances. L'axe central consiste à restaurer la capacité de pilotage du ministère de l'Éducation pour coordonner une action cohérente sur l'ensemble du territoire. La priorité sera accordée à la petite enfance et à la garantie d'une alphabétisation complète de tous les élèves à l'issue de la deuxième année du primaire. En parallèle, il s'agira de généraliser l'enseignement à temps plein, de réformer le lycée pour y intégrer une formation technique et professionnelle connectée au marché du travail et de revaloriser la carrière des enseignants. Ainsi, cela permettrait de combler les retards d'apprentissage, de réduire l'abandon scolaire et de mieux préparer les jeunes à leur avenir professionnel et citoyen."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "L'idée serait d'engager une transformation structurelle de l'éducation publique pour la positionner parmi les meilleures au monde en l'espace de 15 ans, en en faisant une mission nationale coordonnée par l'État fédéral. La stratégie repose sur la valorisation de la carrière enseignante, avec des programmes massifs de formation continue, des salaires attractifs et des incitations financières pour les écoles et les professeurs atteignant leurs objectifs de performance. En parallèle, il est essentiel de généraliser progressivement l'école à temps plein dès le primaire et de développer un enseignement secondaire professionnalisant, incluant des stages rémunérés pour les élèves. Un suivi rigoureux des résultats guidera un soutien ciblé aux établissements en difficulté. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir une véritable égalité des chances et de construire un socle de compétences solide pour l'avenir du pays."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "L'idée serait de refonder le pacte éducatif national pour garantir un enseignement de qualité, de la petite enfance à l'université, afin de former des citoyens autonomes et de préparer le pays aux défis de l'économie du savoir. L’axe central est une revalorisation profonde de la carrière enseignante, conditionnée à un système national d'évaluation des compétences et des performances. En parallèle, une intervention managériale forte doit garantir une gestion plus rigoureuse des ressources et l’implantation de méthodologies d’enseignement modernes, axées sur les compétences fondamentales et techniques requises par les bassins d'emploi locaux. Ainsi, cela permettrait de réduire drastiquement l’analphabétisme fonctionnel et d’élever le niveau général des élèves, tout en assurant une meilleure adéquation entre la formation et les opportunités réelles du pays."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "L'idée serait de refonder le système éducatif pour en faire un véritable moteur d'égalité des chances et de compétitivité, en visant une performance de rang mondial. La bonne approche consiste à instaurer une gouvernance axée sur les résultats, en systématisant l'évaluation des enseignants et des établissements et en conditionnant une partie des financements à la performance. Le parcours de l'élève sera renforcé par l'universalisation de la pré-scolarisation, l'extension du temps scolaire et l'intégration de la formation technique au lycée. En parallèle, une réforme du supérieur visera à dépolitiser la sélection de ses dirigeants et à encourager son autofinancement. Ainsi, cela permettrait de hisser le système éducatif aux standards internationaux en sept ans, en garantissant une meilleure efficacité des ressources publiques et en formant le capital humain indispensable à une économie productive."
}
] |
Quelle orientation donner au système de santé publique (SUS) pour renforcer l’accès et l’efficacité des soins ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "L'idée serait de traiter la santé non plus comme une dépense mais comme un droit fondamental et un pilier de la souveraineté nationale. La bonne approche consiste à renforcer le caractère public et universel du SUS par un réinvestissement massif dans ses infrastructures, ses équipements et dans la valorisation de ses professionnels. L'effort se concentrera sur l'amélioration de la gestion, la relance de politiques structurantes garantissant la médecine de proximité et l'accès aux médicaments essentiels, ainsi que sur la reconstruction du complexe industriel de la santé pour réduire la dépendance extérieure. Une priorité sera de résorber les demandes de soins non satisfaites, héritées de la crise sanitaire. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir à chaque citoyen un accès effectif à un système de santé intégral et de qualité, tout en préparant le pays à de futurs défis sanitaires."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "L'idée serait de transformer la gestion du système de santé public pour en garantir l'efficience et l'universalité, en s'appuyant sur la technologie comme levier de performance. L'axe central de cette modernisation est le déploiement d'une infrastructure de santé numérique, incluant un dossier médical unifié pour chaque citoyen, afin d'améliorer la coordination des soins et de rationaliser les parcours. Cette transformation doit s’accompagner d’un renforcement de l’attention primaire et préventive, qui constitue le socle du système, tout en optimisant la gestion des ressources par une meilleure articulation entre les acteurs publics et privés. Ainsi, cela permettrait d'offrir un accès aux soins plus équitable et rapide sur l'ensemble du territoire, d'améliorer la qualité du suivi médical et d'assurer la soutenabilité du système à long terme."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "L'idée serait de recentrer le système de santé public sur ses missions fondamentales de prévention et de soins de proximité, en passant d'une logique de traitement de la maladie à une véritable politique de promotion de la santé. L'axe central consiste à renforcer massivement les soins de santé primaires, considérés comme la porte d’entrée du système, et à investir dans la prévention, notamment par la reprise des campagnes de vaccination. L'efficacité sera accrue par l'utilisation de la technologie, comme la télémédecine et le dossier médical électronique, pour réduire les files d'attente. Ce renforcement s'appuiera sur une augmentation progressive du financement fédéral et une meilleure coordination nationale. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir un accès plus rapide et équitable aux soins, de renforcer la résilience du système et de concrétiser la promesse d'une santé publique universelle et efficace."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "L'idée serait de reconstruire le système de santé publique pour garantir un accès universel et efficace aux soins, en s'attaquant en priorité aux faiblesses structurelles aggravées par la crise sanitaire. La démarche s'appuierait sur la création d'une centrale de régulation permanente qui, en partenariat avec le secteur privé, viserait à éliminer en un an les files d'attente pour les consultations, diagnostics et chirurgies. En parallèle, une refonte du parcours de soins renforcerait l'attention primaire et son articulation avec des centres de référence spécialisés, le tout intégré par un dossier médical électronique. Pour garantir la souveraineté sanitaire, la production nationale de médicaments et d'intrants pharmaceutiques serait relancée. Ainsi, cela permettrait de restaurer la capacité de réponse du système, de réduire les inégalités d'accès aux soins et d'améliorer durablement la qualité de vie de la population."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "L'idée serait de transformer le système de santé public d'une structure bureaucratique à un service agile et centré sur le citoyen, en faisant de son amélioration une priorité d'État. La bonne approche consiste à déployer des outils de gouvernance numérique, comme un système de gestion en ligne et un dossier médical national unifié, pour garantir la traçabilité des soins et l'optimisation des ressources. Il est essentiel d'investir dans l'universalisation des services, en ciblant des domaines critiques comme la santé mentale et le soin aux personnes âgées, et de renforcer la formation des professionnels de santé pour répondre aux besoins réels de la population. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir un accès équitable et en temps réel aux soins, d'améliorer la qualité des services rendus et de restaurer la confiance des citoyens dans leur système de santé public."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "L'idée serait de transformer le système de santé publique d'une logique de moyens à une culture du résultat, en faisant de l'intégration et de la technologie les piliers d'un accès aux soins plus efficient pour tous. La bonne approche consiste à déployer une digitalisation complète du parcours de soins, avec un dossier médical unique et unifié, afin d'optimiser la coordination. Des centrales de régulation intelligentes auront pour mission de mobiliser l'ensemble des ressources disponibles, y compris la capacité inutilisée du secteur privé, pour réduire les listes d'attente. Le financement sera progressivement réorienté pour récompenser la qualité et les résultats cliniques effectifs plutôt que le simple volume d'actes. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir des soins de meilleure qualité, de réduire les inefficacités et d'assurer la soutenabilité financière du système sur le long terme."
}
] |
Quelle place doit être donnée aux entreprises publiques et au secteur privé dans l’économie nationale ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "L'idée serait de restaurer la primauté de l'État comme acteur stratégique et planificateur du développement, en positionnant le secteur privé comme un partenaire essentiel à la réalisation des objectifs nationaux. La bonne approche consiste à interrompre les processus de privatisation des actifs stratégiques et à réaffirmer le rôle moteur des entreprises publiques dans les secteurs clés comme l'énergie, la logistique et le crédit. Les institutions financières publiques seront consolidées pour financer à long terme les infrastructures et l'innovation. L'investissement privé, quant à lui, sera activement encouragé par des partenariats et des concessions, à condition qu'il s'inscrive dans des missions d'intérêt général, notamment sur les plans social et environnemental. Ainsi, cela permettrait d'articuler la puissance d'investissement de l'État et le dynamisme privé pour reconstruire l'appareil productif, garantir la souveraineté nationale et orienter l'économie vers un modèle de croissance plus juste et durable."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "L'idée serait de redéfinir le périmètre d'intervention de l'État pour libérer le potentiel de l'économie et stimuler l'entrepreneuriat. L'axe central consiste à accélérer le transfert au secteur privé des activités qu'il peut gérer de manière plus efficiente, via un programme soutenu de privatisations, de concessions et de partenariats public-privé. Cette démarche vise un recentrage stratégique : l'État doit concentrer ses ressources sur ses missions régaliennes fondamentales – sécurité, santé, éducation – là où son action est irremplaçable. Ainsi, cela permettrait d'attirer les investissements, d'améliorer la compétitivité et la qualité des services, tout en assurant une gestion plus rigoureuse et efficace des finances publiques."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "L'idée serait de redéfinir le rôle de l'État, en le positionnant comme un partenaire stratégique de l'initiative privée, reconnue comme le principal moteur de la croissance, de l'investissement et de l'emploi. L'axe central de cette stratégie est la mise en œuvre d'un programme ambitieux de concessions, de privatisations et de partenariats public-privé, visant à attirer les capitaux et l'expertise du secteur privé. Pour y parvenir, l'État se concentrera sur la création d'un environnement d'affaires stable et prévisible, doté d'une sécurité juridique et réglementaire sans faille. Les ressources générées par ces opérations seront prioritairement fléchées vers les politiques sociales de réduction de la pauvreté et d'éducation infantile. Ainsi, cela permettrait de libérer le potentiel d'investissement privé, d'accroître la productivité de l'économie, et de recentrer l'action de l'État sur ses missions sociales essentielles."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "L'idée serait de redéfinir le pacte entre l'État et le marché pour articuler un développement national planifié avec la vitalité de l'initiative privée. L'État assumerait un rôle de stratège et d'investisseur-catalyseur, en relançant les chantiers d'infrastructure et en mobilisant une banque publique de développement pour orienter le financement vers des secteurs clés. Le secteur privé serait le moteur de l'investissement et de l'innovation, dans un environnement concurrentiel assaini par une politique antitrust rigoureuse. Les entreprises publiques seraient, quant à elles, des instruments au service de cette stratégie nationale, notamment pour piloter la transition énergétique et maîtriser les coûts pour l'économie. Ainsi, cela permettrait de concilier une vision de long terme et une souveraineté économique renforcée avec un environnement d'affaires dynamique et créateur d'emplois."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "L'idée serait de redéfinir le rôle de l'État pour en faire un partenaire stratégique de l'initiative privée, plutôt qu'un opérateur économique direct, afin de mobiliser l'efficacité et les capitaux privés pour moderniser le pays. La bonne approche consiste à systématiser le recours aux partenariats public-privé (PPP) pour la gestion des services essentiels, comme la santé et l'assainissement, tout en soutenant activement les petites et moyennes entreprises par un accès facilité au crédit et à l'innovation. L'État se concentrerait alors sur son rôle de régulateur efficace, imposant des garanties de performance strictes dans les contrats. Ainsi, cela permettrait de créer une synergie où l'agilité du secteur privé accélère la réalisation des objectifs publics, tout en renforçant la compétitivité de l'économie nationale."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "L'idée serait de faire du secteur privé le moteur central de l'économie, en repositionnant l'État comme un arbitre et un facilitateur plutôt qu'un opérateur. La bonne approche consiste à retirer l'État des activités productives via un programme de privatisation, tout en supprimant les subventions et les réserves de marché qui entravent la concurrence. L'action publique doit se concentrer sur ses missions fondamentales : assurer une régulation claire, investir dans les infrastructures stratégiques et démanteler les monopoles. Le secteur privé, y compris via des partenariats, doit assumer le rôle principal dans la production de biens et de services. Ainsi, cela permettrait de libérer les forces productives, d'attirer les investissements et de générer une croissance économique plus forte et plus durable."
}
] |
Quelle politique le pays doit-il adopter à l’égard des droits des peuples autochtones et de la démarcation des terres ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "L'idée serait de garantir les droits territoriaux et culturels des peuples autochtones non plus comme une concession, mais comme un devoir constitutionnel de l'État. La bonne approche consiste à assurer la possession effective de leurs terres en finalisant les processus de démarcation et en empêchant toute activité prédatrice qui menace leurs droits et leurs modes de vie. Il s'agit de renforcer les institutions fédérales dédiées à cette mission et de construire des politiques publiques qui valorisent leur culture, leurs traditions et leurs savoirs. Cette protection doit garantir une vie digne et une pleine citoyenneté, en reconnaissant ces peuples comme des acteurs essentiels de la nation. Ainsi, cela permettrait de sécuriser leur existence physique et culturelle, de pacifier les conflits fonciers et de reconnaître leur contribution inestimable à la protection de l'environnement."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "L'idée serait de dépasser une approche purement conservatrice pour garantir l'autonomie des peuples autochtones par leur pleine intégration au développement économique, dans le respect de la souveraineté nationale. La bonne approche consiste à leur donner les moyens de valoriser durablement leurs terres et leurs ressources, en favorisant l'émergence d'activités économiques comme l'ethnotourisme, l'agriculture, ou l'extraction de ressources encadrée. Cela implique de leur garantir l'accès aux infrastructures essentielles – transport, énergie, connectivité – afin qu'ils deviennent des acteurs à part entière de l'économie régionale. Ainsi, cela permettrait de concilier la protection de leur mode de vie avec une amélioration concrète de leurs conditions matérielles, tout en affirmant que le développement de ces territoires s'inscrit dans un projet national unifié."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "L'idée serait de garantir la pleine effectivité des droits constitutionnels des peuples autochtones en restaurant la primauté de la loi et la capacité d'action de l'État pour la protection de leurs territoires. L'axe central de cette politique est de restaurer et de renforcer l'institution publique chargée des affaires autochtones afin de faire appliquer rigoureusement la législation. Cela implique d'accélérer les processus de régularisation foncière, tout en assurant un accès effectif à des politiques publiques spécifiques en matière de santé, d'éducation et d'assistance sociale. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir la sécurité juridique et physique des communautés, de préserver leur patrimoine culturel et de reconnaître leur rôle essentiel dans la protection de l'environnement."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "L'idée serait de garantir de manière effective les droits fondamentaux des peuples autochtones, en considérant la protection de leurs terres et de leur culture comme une urgence. L'axe central de l'action consiste à assurer le respect, la préservation et l'inviolabilité des réserves territoriales, en empêchant toute forme d'exploitation illégale par des tiers. Cette protection doit s'étendre à leur culture et à leurs activités productives traditionnelles, qui sont vitales pour leur subsistance. Parallèlement, une politique de santé ciblée, avec des médecins spécifiquement formés, doit être mise en place. Ainsi, cela permettrait de sécuriser leur intégrité physique et culturelle tout en préservant leur autonomie et leur mode de vie."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "L'idée serait de dépasser le clivage stérile entre la sanctuarisation des terres et leur exploitation incontrôlée, en faisant des territoires protégés des vecteurs de développement économique souverain. La bonne approche consiste à définir, dans le cadre d'un plan territorial stratégique national, des modèles de gestion qui concilient la préservation des cultures et le développement économique durable de ces zones. Il est impératif de cesser de les considérer uniquement comme des réserves pour les transformer en pôles de production de richesses, tout en affirmant une souveraineté nationale sans faille contre toute ingérence extérieure et en renforçant la surveillance des frontières pour lutter contre la criminalité. Ainsi, cela permettrait d'aligner la protection des droits et de l'environnement avec les impératifs de croissance et de sécurité nationale, garantissant que la valorisation de ces terres profite à l'ensemble de la nation."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "L'idée serait de dépasser la vision purement protectrice des droits autochtones pour l'intégrer dans une dynamique de développement et d'autonomie. La bonne approche consiste à garantir le droit de propriété sur leurs terres, tout en engageant une révision de la législation pour concilier respect des spécificités culturelles et inclusion économique. L'État doit assurer une protection effective contre la violence et les activités illégales, en renforçant les moyens de surveillance et de contrôle sur ces territoires. Ainsi, cela permettrait de transformer les peuples autochtones en acteurs de leur propre développement, en leur donnant les moyens de prospérer économiquement tout en préservant leur identité."
}
] |
Comment le Brésil doit-il définir sa position internationale vis-à-vis des grandes puissances (États-Unis, Chine, Europe) et des partenaires régionaux ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "L'idée serait de repositionner le pays comme un protagoniste mondial, en fondant sa politique étrangère sur une souveraineté sans faille et une autonomie décisionnelle complète. La bonne approche consiste à renforcer en priorité l'intégration régionale en Amérique latine, tout en revitalisant la coopération Sud-Sud, notamment avec l'Afrique et au sein des Brics. Les relations avec les grandes puissances mondiales doivent être pragmatiques et diversifiées, établies sur la base des intérêts nationaux, sans aucune forme de soumission ou d'alignement automatique. L'action diplomatique doit se déployer en faveur d'un ordre mondial multipolaire et du renforcement du multilatéralisme. Ainsi, cela permettrait au pays de défendre ses intérêts de manière flexible et de retrouver son influence dans la construction d'un ordre international plus équilibré et respectueux de la souveraineté des nations."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "L'idée serait de mener une politique étrangère pragmatique et souveraine, fondée sur une double priorité : l'alignement sur les démocraties partageant les mêmes valeurs et la diversification des partenariats économiques au service de l'intérêt national. La priorité est d'accélérer l'adhésion aux organisations qui consacrent les principes de l'économie de marché et de l'État de droit, comme l'OCDE, afin de renforcer la crédibilité internationale du pays. Parallèlement, la stratégie consiste à rechercher activement des alliances économiques et des investissements technologiques à l'échelle mondiale, sans exclusive idéologique, en se concentrant sur les bénéfices concrets pour l'emploi et la production nationale. Ainsi, cela permettrait d'accroître l'attractivité du pays pour les capitaux, de sécuriser les relations commerciales et de projeter une influence fondée à la fois sur la puissance économique et sur la défense d'une identité souveraine."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "L'idée serait de restaurer le prestige et le protagonisme du pays sur la scène internationale, en rompant avec l'isolement au profit d'une diplomatie pragmatique et active. L'approche consiste à réaffirmer le leadership régional en consolidant et en libéralisant le Mercosur, tout en menant une ouverture commerciale ambitieuse via la conclusion de nouveaux accords et l'adhésion à l'OCDE. Cette stratégie repose sur un réengagement actif dans les instances multilatérales, en utilisant la participation aux forums comme le G20 et les Brics pour renforcer un ordre international fondé sur des règles. Ainsi, cela permettrait de diversifier les partenariats stratégiques sans alignement automatique, de multiplier les opportunités commerciales et de repositionner le pays comme un acteur crédible et influent dans la gouvernance mondiale."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "L'idée serait de refonder la posture internationale du pays sur le principe d'une souveraineté active et d'une défense intransigeante de ses intérêts nationaux. La bonne approche consiste à refuser toute forme d'alignement automatique sur les grandes puissances et à évaluer chaque partenariat, qu'il soit commercial ou diplomatique, à l'aune stricte de ses bénéfices pour le développement économique et l'autonomie du pays. Les relations avec les partenaires régionaux et les blocs mondiaux seront donc conduites sur une base pragmatique, sans préjugés idéologiques. Ainsi, cela permettrait au pays de conserver une pleine liberté de manœuvre sur la scène mondiale et de maximiser les opportunités de développement en traitant d'égal à égal avec tous les acteurs internationaux."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "L'idée serait de substituer les alignements idéologiques par une diplomatie pragmatique, fermement ancrée dans la défense des intérêts nationaux et la valorisation de ses atouts stratégiques. La bonne approche consiste à affirmer une souveraineté intransigeante, en particulier sur les questions environnementales, tout en utilisant le potentiel du pays en matière d'énergie propre et de sécurité alimentaire comme un levier d'influence sur la scène mondiale. Les partenariats, qu'ils soient avec les grandes puissances ou les voisins régionaux, doivent être redéfinis sur la base d'avantages mutuels concrets, en priorisant l'ouverture de nouveaux marchés et la coopération en matière de sécurité aux frontières. Ainsi, cela permettrait de repositionner le pays comme un acteur incontournable et respecté, capable de naviguer dans un ordre mondial complexe en capitalisant sur ses forces uniques pour garantir sa prospérité et sa sécurité."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "L'idée serait de rompre avec l'isolement idéologique pour réancrer la politique étrangère sur des bases pragmatiques, en faisant de l'ouverture économique et du leadership environnemental les deux piliers de sa crédibilité internationale. La bonne approche consiste à mener une ouverture unilatérale de l'économie, tout en faisant de la transition vers une économie neutre en carbone le principal levier diplomatique. La priorité sera donnée à la finalisation de l'accord commercial avec l'Union Européenne et à l'adhésion à l'OCDE, en restaurant un dialogue constructif avec les partenaires traditionnels au sein des instances multilatérales. Ainsi, cela permettrait de restaurer la réputation du pays, d'attirer les investissements et de dynamiser le commerce extérieur, en repositionnant la nation comme un acteur fiable et un leader incontournable de la nouvelle économie bas-carbone."
}
] |
Quelle politique doit être menée en matière d’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes et de droits des minorités ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "L'idée serait de faire de l'égalité effective un pilier non négociable de la démocratie et du développement, en s'attaquant aux racines structurelles des discriminations. La bonne approche consiste à déployer un ensemble de politiques publiques transversales pour garantir l'égalité salariale, poursuivre et élargir les politiques de quotas sociaux et raciaux dans l'éducation supérieure et la fonction publique, et mettre en œuvre des programmes de santé intégrale adaptés aux besoins des femmes et de la population LGBTQIA+. Une priorité absolue sera accordée à la lutte contre toutes les formes de violence, en assurant la protection des victimes et la fin de l'impunité. Ainsi, cela permettrait de garantir la pleine citoyenneté pour toutes et tous, en construisant un pays où la dignité humaine est protégée et où l'égalité des droits et des chances devient une réalité tangible dans tous les domaines de la vie."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "L'idée serait d'assurer une égalité concrète en se concentrant sur la protection des plus fragiles et l'autonomie économique des femmes, en reconnaissant la famille comme le pilier de la société. La priorité est de déployer des programmes ciblés visant l'inclusion économique des femmes, via l'entrepreneuriat et la formation professionnelle, tout en renforçant les dispositifs de protection contre la violence. Pour les autres publics vulnérables, comme les personnes âgées ou en situation de handicap, l'accent est mis sur la garantie de leurs droits sociaux fondamentaux et leur intégration active. Ainsi, cela permettrait de renforcer la cohésion sociale en s'appuyant sur des familles fortes, où chaque membre dispose des moyens de sa propre autonomie et est protégé par des politiques publiques efficaces."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "L'idée serait de faire de la promotion active de l'égalité et de la valorisation de la diversité le fondement d'un nouveau contrat social, en traduisant les principes en actions concrètes. L'axe central consistera à garantir une représentation équitable au plus haut niveau de l'État, en instaurant un ministère à parité de genre et en élargissant la place des minorités raciales dans les postes à responsabilité. L'approche s'appuiera sur le renforcement des politiques de quotas et d'actions affirmatives, tout en promouvant l'égalité salariale et en garantissant l'égalité des chances pour toutes les minorités, y compris la population LGBTQIA+ et les personnes en situation de handicap. Ainsi, cela permettrait de combattre activement le racisme et les discriminations structurelles et de construire une société où l'inclusion n'est pas seulement un principe, mais une réalité tangible à tous les niveaux de décision."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "L'idée serait de mener une politique volontariste pour démanteler les discriminations structurelles et garantir une pleine émancipation sociale aux femmes, ainsi qu'aux minorités raciales, sexuelles et aux personnes en situation de handicap. La démarche s'appuie sur des actions ciblées et contraignantes : l'instauration d'une parité quantitative stricte entre femmes et hommes aux postes de direction de l'administration fédérale, la consolidation des quotas pour la population noire dans les universités et les concours publics, et la mise en place de politiques d'achats publics favorisant les entreprises issues de ces minorités. Des institutions dédiées, comme un Secrétariat national pour les droits LGBTQIA+, seraient également créées pour piloter ces politiques. Ainsi, cela permettrait de transformer le principe d'égalité en une réalité tangible, en garantissant à tous les groupes sociaux les mêmes droits et les mêmes opportunités."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "L'idée serait d'ancrer l'égalité et la protection des minorités dans une approche pragmatique, axée sur la sécurité et l'autonomie économique plutôt que sur la simple reconnaissance de droits formels. La bonne approche consiste à déployer une double stratégie : d'une part, garantir l'intégrité physique des femmes par un renforcement des structures de protection contre la violence ; d'autre part, lever les obstacles à leur émancipation économique en facilitant leur accès à la formation et en développant les services de garde d'enfants. Concernant les minorités, la priorité est de les intégrer dans un plan de développement territorial qui valorise leurs terres de manière durable. Ainsi, cela permettrait de construire une société où l'égalité des chances est une réalité tangible, mesurée par la sécurité et la prospérité de chacun, et non plus un simple principe juridique."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "L'idée serait de garantir l'égalité non pas comme un principe abstrait, mais comme une réalité tangible et juridiquement contraignante, en rendant l'État intransigeant face à toute forme de discrimination. La protection des femmes doit être une priorité, avec la mise en place de standards nationaux pour l'accueil et l'enquête dans les commissariats, et la formation spécialisée des agents publics. En parallèle, la dignité des minorités sera assurée par des mesures concrètes, comme la simplification des procédures de changement de nom d'usage et la garantie d'une isonomie totale des droits, notamment en matière de prévoyance sociale pour les couples de même sexe. Ainsi, cela permettrait de renforcer l'État de droit en assurant une application effective des lois pour tous, et de construire une société où la sécurité et la dignité ne dépendent ni du genre, ni de l'orientation sexuelle."
}
] |
Quelle approche adopter concernant la régulation du port et de la possession d’armes ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "L'idée serait de rompre avec la logique de l'armement individuel comme solution à l'insécurité, en réaffirmant que la valorisation de la vie est la priorité absolue. La bonne approche consiste à intégrer un contrôle strict de la circulation des armes à feu dans une politique nationale coordonnée de réduction des homicides et de démantèlement des organisations criminelles. Plutôt que de déléguer la sécurité aux citoyens, l'effort se concentrera sur le renforcement des institutions d'État et l'utilisation du renseignement pour déstructurer les filières illégales. Ainsi, cela permettrait de s'attaquer aux causes structurelles de la violence létale et de rétablir le monopole de l'État sur l'usage de la force, créant un environnement plus sûr pour l'ensemble de la population."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "L'idée serait de garantir le droit fondamental des citoyens à assurer leur propre protection, en considérant que la capacité à se défendre constitue un pilier de la sécurité collective et de la liberté individuelle. La bonne approche consiste donc non pas à restreindre mais à préserver et amplifier l'accès légal aux armes pour les citoyens qui remplissent les conditions requises. L'axe central est de consolider le cadre juridique qui garantit ce droit, en le traitant comme un instrument de dissuasion essentiel à la sécurité publique et à la pacification sociale. Cette politique reconnaît également l'usage des armes dans un cadre sportif et culturel. Ainsi, cela permettrait de renforcer la capacité de la société à faire face à la violence, tout en consacrant la responsabilité individuelle comme un complément indispensable à l'action de l'État."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "L'idée serait d'inverser la politique de libéralisation de l'accès aux armes, en réaffirmant le rôle exclusif de l'État dans le monopole de la force et la garantie de la sécurité. L'approche prioritaire consiste à révoquer l'ensemble des décrets ayant affaibli le contrôle sur le port et la possession d'armes. Cette mesure sera complétée par un renforcement significatif de la supervision et de la traçabilité des armements et des munitions en circulation. Ainsi, cela permettrait de réduire la dissémination des armes au sein de la population et de recentrer la stratégie de sécurité sur le renforcement des institutions publiques, plutôt que sur l'armement des citoyens."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "L'idée serait de traiter la prolifération des armes à feu comme un problème de sécurité nationale, en considérant que leur expansion et leur usage sont aujourd'hui hors de contrôle. La priorité absolue est donc d'inverser cette tendance par la mise en place d'une politique rigoureuse de gestion et de traçabilité des armes et des munitions, en s'appuyant sur des technologies avancées. Cette approche vise à démanteler les circuits d'approvisionnement qui alimentent la criminalité, en particulier le crime organisé. Ainsi, cela permettrait de réduire la violence en s'attaquant directement aux outils qui la rendent possible, plutôt que de favoriser une dissémination qui aggrave l'insécurité."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "L'idée serait de recentrer la politique de sécurité sur le monopole exclusif de la force par l'État, en considérant que la réponse à la criminalité réside dans des institutions fortes plutôt que dans l'armement des citoyens. La bonne approche consiste donc à investir massivement dans la modernisation des forces de l'ordre, l'intégration du renseignement et le déploiement de technologies avancées pour l'investigation criminelle. La priorité doit être le démantèlement des factions organisées et le renforcement du contrôle aux frontières, en traitant la régulation des armes comme un outil stratégique pour assécher les canaux d'approvisionnement du crime. Ainsi, cela permettrait de réduire la violence en s'attaquant à ses racines organisées, restaurant la sécurité publique comme une prérogative régalienne efficace plutôt qu'une responsabilité individuelle."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "L'idée serait de rompre avec toute politique de dissémination des armes pour réaffirmer un contrôle strict de l'État, en considérant la circulation des armes à feu comme un enjeu majeur de sécurité publique. La bonne approche consiste à reconstruire la capacité de régulation de l'État, en instaurant un programme national de traçabilité effective pour toutes les armes et munitions, de leur production ou importation jusqu'à leur commercialisation. Ce système sera piloté par une autorité civile renforcée et intégrée avec les autres bases de données existantes, avec un effort ciblé sur le démantèlement du marché illégal. Ainsi, cela permettrait de réduire la disponibilité des armes dans la criminalité et de restaurer la capacité de l'État à réguler un domaine vital pour la sécurité des citoyens."
}
] |
Quelle stratégie doit être mise en œuvre pour lutter contre la corruption et renforcer la confiance dans les institutions publiques ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "L'idée serait de redéfinir la lutte contre la corruption comme un outil de bonne gouvernance, en la dépolitisant radicalement. La bonne approche consiste à restaurer les instruments de contrôle et de prévention dans le strict respect de l'État de droit et des garanties fondamentales, en s'assurant qu'ils ne soient jamais détournés à des fins politiques. L'effort se concentrera sur le renforcement des institutions de contrôle, comme la Police Fédérale et l'Inspection Générale, et sur la garantie d'une transparence absolue par la réouverture du gouvernement et l'application de la Loi sur l'Accès à l'Information. Ainsi, cela permettrait de s'assurer que les ressources publiques arrivent bien à destination, restaurant par là même la confiance des citoyens dans des institutions dont l'intégrité est au service de l'efficacité."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "L'idée serait d'instaurer une culture de tolérance zéro envers la corruption, en s'appuyant sur des mécanismes systémiques de prévention, de détection et de sanction. L'approche consiste à combiner un renforcement radical de la transparence, en rendant toutes les dépenses et agendas publics, avec le déploiement de programmes d'intégrité rigoureux au sein de chaque entité publique. Cette démarche préventive est complétée par une politique de sanction systématique des responsables et des mécanismes efficaces pour le recouvrement des actifs détournés. Ainsi, cela permettrait de réduire significativement la marge de manœuvre pour les actes illicites, tout en restaurant la confiance des citoyens dans les institutions par la preuve d'une gestion rigoureuse et responsable des deniers publics."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "L'idée serait de substituer une logique répressive par une stratégie de prévention systémique de la corruption, en instaurant une transparence radicale comme principal instrument de contrôle citoyen. L'axe central est de promouvoir une ouverture totale des données publiques, en particulier celles relatives aux contrats, aux achats publics et aux entreprises partenaires de l'État, en s'appuyant sur la numérisation complète des services publics d'ici 2026 pour garantir la traçabilité. En parallèle, une politique de tolérance zéro s'incarnera par le renforcement des organes de contrôle interne et l'exigence de programmes de conformité (compliance) dans toute l'administration. Ainsi, cela permettrait de restaurer la confiance des citoyens dans leurs institutions, de garantir l'intégrité de la gestion publique et d'assurer que chaque ressource est utilisée de manière efficace et transparente."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "L'idée serait de rompre avec les pratiques de corruption systémique en instaurant une transparence radicale et en restaurant la confiance dans les institutions publiques. Pour y parvenir, il est impératif de supprimer les juridictions spéciales pour les responsables politiques, à l'exception des chefs de pouvoir, de criminaliser l'enrichissement illicite et de lever le secret bancaire et fiscal des hauts fonctionnaires. Parallèlement, la confiance serait renforcée par l'instauration de processus de sélection au mérite pour les postes de direction dans l'administration et par une transparence totale des comptes des partis politiques et des marchés publics, notamment via des technologies de suivi numérique. Ainsi, cela permettrait de briser l'impunité, de garantir un environnement juridique stable et prévisible pour les investissements, et de rétablir l'intégrité de la gestion publique."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "L'idée serait de rompre le lien entre le pouvoir politique et les institutions judiciaires, afin de garantir une lutte impartiale et efficace contre la corruption. La bonne approche consiste à sanctuariser les institutions clés en garantissant l'autonomie de la police et du ministère public par l'instauration de mandats à durée déterminée pour leurs dirigeants, qui ne pourraient être démis de leurs fonctions que pour des motifs objectifs et validés par des commissions indépendantes. Cette indépendance structurelle doit être complétée par deux réformes majeures : la suppression du for privilégié pour toutes les autorités et la création d'une Cour Nationale Anti-corruption spécialisée. Ainsi, cela permettrait de dépolitiser intégralement la lutte contre la corruption, en la transformant en une fonction d'État purement technique et impartiale, condition essentielle pour restaurer la confiance des citoyens dans les institutions publiques."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "L'idée serait de s'attaquer aux causes profondes de la corruption et de la défiance, en dépolitisant les institutions de contrôle et en instaurant une culture de la responsabilité. La bonne approche consiste à mettre fin à l'impunité en rendant la sanction pénale plus effective, notamment par l'application de la peine dès la condamnation en seconde instance et la suppression des juridictions d'exception. Il est essentiel de garantir l'autonomie des organes d'enquête, comme la police fédérale, par des mandats fixes et indépendants du pouvoir politique, et de professionnaliser les instances de contrôle en y nommant des serviteurs de carrière. Cette démarche doit être complétée par une transparence radicale de l'action publique et un durcissement des peines pour les crimes contre l'État. Ainsi, cela permettrait de restaurer la crédibilité de l'État de droit et de reconstruire un lien de confiance durable entre les citoyens et leurs institutions."
}
] |
Comment le pays doit-il concilier liberté d’expression et responsabilité dans l’usage des médias et des réseaux sociaux ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "L'idée serait de refonder le pacte démocratique autour de l'information en traitant la liberté d'expression non comme un absolu, mais comme un droit dont l'exercice engage une responsabilité collective. La bonne approche consiste à engager un large débat législatif pour enfin réglementer le secteur. L'objectif est de doter le système judiciaire d'outils efficaces pour agir contre les plateformes diffusant des mensonges et des messages antidémocratiques, tout en garantissant la neutralité du réseau et la pluralité de l'information. Cette démarche s'accompagnera d'une protection renforcée des journalistes et de la liberté de la presse. Ainsi, cela permettrait de concilier la plus large liberté de la presse avec la cohésion démocratique, en assurant que l'espace numérique favorise le débat pluraliste plutôt que la haine et la désinformation."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "L'idée serait de consacrer la liberté d'expression comme un pilier fondamental et non négociable de la démocratie, en la considérant comme le moteur du débat contradictoire et du perfectionnement des institutions. L'axe central est de positionner l'État comme le garant actif de cette liberté, et non comme un arbitre des contenus. Plutôt que d'instaurer des mécanismes de contrôle ou de régulation, la priorité est de stimuler et de protéger l'expression des idées, y compris celles qui sont minoritaires ou controversées, sur tous les supports incluant la presse et les réseaux sociaux. Ainsi, cela permettrait de nourrir une dynamique intellectuelle saine, de renforcer la pensée critique et de favoriser un dialogue constant, jugés indispensables à la vitalité de la société."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "L'idée serait de garantir la liberté d'expression comme un pilier de la démocratie, tout en s'assurant qu'elle ne devienne pas un vecteur de destruction du débat public et des institutions. La bonne approche consiste à s'appuyer sur la solidité de l'État de droit et le respect des lois existantes, plutôt que de créer une législation d'exception. Le traitement des abus doit relever de l'application rigoureuse du cadre légal par des institutions judiciaires indépendantes, en protégeant les citoyens contre la calomnie, la haine et la désinformation criminelle. L'action publique doit se concentrer sur la promotion d'un dialogue civique apaisé et la défense de la pluralité. Ainsi, cela permettrait de préserver un espace public sain, où la liberté est solidement garantie et où la responsabilité est assurée par le droit commun, renforçant la confiance dans le débat démocratique."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "L'idée serait de concilier la liberté d'expression avec la promotion de la souveraineté culturelle à l'ère numérique, en se concentrant sur la régulation économique des plateformes plutôt que sur le contrôle des contenus individuels. La bonne approche consiste à réguler les services de streaming, sur le modèle européen, pour garantir un investissement obligatoire dans la production locale indépendante et assurer une meilleure visibilité de ces œuvres. Plutôt que de restreindre les échanges, la stratégie mise sur le soutien aux créateurs de contenus numériques nationaux et sur la démocratisation de l'accès à internet et aux outils de communication. Ainsi, cela permettrait de renforcer l'identité culturelle et la diversité des contenus disponibles, en façonnant un écosystème médiatique plus équilibré sans porter atteinte aux libertés fondamentales."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "L'idée serait de garantir un débat public sain en appliquant rigoureusement le cadre légal existant aux abus commis en ligne, plutôt que de créer des mécanismes de contrôle des contenus qui menaceraient les libertés. La bonne approche consiste à renforcer les capacités d'enquête de la police et de la justice pour identifier et sanctionner les auteurs d'infractions, conformément au droit commun. Parallèlement, la priorité est d'investir massivement dans l'éducation civique et le développement de l'esprit critique au sein du système scolaire, afin de rendre les citoyens moins vulnérables à la manipulation et à la désinformation. Ainsi, cela permettrait de concilier la protection de la liberté d'expression avec la nécessaire sanction des délits, en faisant de la loi le seul arbitre et de l'éducation le principal rempart contre les dérives."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "L'idée serait de réaffirmer la liberté d'expression comme un principe non négociable, où la responsabilité émerge de la transparence et du débat public plutôt que de la régulation étatique. La bonne approche consiste à imposer une transparence radicale à l'action gouvernementale, en élargissant la loi sur l'accès à l'information pour armer les citoyens et une presse libre contre la désinformation. L'État doit se positionner en garant de cette liberté, en s'abstenant de toute intervention dans le contenu et en laissant au pouvoir judiciaire le soin de sanctionner les abus avérés dans le respect des lois fondamentales. Ainsi, cela permettrait de favoriser un écosystème médiatique robuste, où la confiance se construit par la libre confrontation des idées et la reddition de comptes du pouvoir, et non par la censure."
}
] |
Como o Brasil deve gerir o equilíbrio entre crescimento econômico, estabilidade orçamentária e combate à inflação?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "A ideia seria romper com um quadro orçamental rígido para restaurar o crescimento como pilar da estabilidade. A abordagem correta consiste em substituir o limite de despesas por um novo regime fiscal credível e previsível, mas suficientemente flexível para permitir o investimento público contracíclico. O combate à inflação deve visar as suas causas estruturais, nomeadamente através de uma política de preços dos combustíveis que tenha em conta os custos de produção nacionais, em vez de se basear apenas em taxas de juro elevadas. Esta estratégia será sustentada por uma reforma fiscal de grande envergadura destinada a aumentar a progressividade do imposto e a financiar a modernização do aparelho produtivo. Assim, isso permitiria relançar a economia de forma sustentável, controlar a inflação agindo sobre a oferta e garantir a sustentabilidade das finanças públicas graças aos frutos do regresso do crescimento."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "A ideia seria assentar a estabilidade orçamental como o fundamento indispensável para um crescimento sustentável e uma inflação controlada. A abordagem correta consiste em consolidar o ajustamento das contas públicas para reduzir o peso da dívida, ao mesmo tempo que se conduzem reformas estruturais-chave: simplificação fiscal, privatizações e desburocratização para estimular o setor privado. Paralelamente, o controlo da inflação deve ser assegurado pelo respeito a um regime de metas e pela garantia da independência do Banco Central. Assim, isso permitiria restaurar a confiança dos agentes económicos, atrair investimentos e lançar um ciclo virtuoso de criação de empregos e de riqueza."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "A ideia seria restaurar os fundamentos da estabilidade macroeconómica para catalisar um crescimento económico sustentável e inclusivo. A prioridade é restabelecer um quadro credível assente em metas de inflação respeitadas, responsabilidade orçamental e um regime cambial flutuante. Para o conseguir, a abordagem consiste em implementar, já nos seis primeiros meses, reformas estruturais, nomeadamente uma reforma fiscal centrada na simplificação através de um imposto sobre o valor acrescentado (IVA) e uma reforma administrativa visando a eficiência dos serviços públicos. Esta condução será reforçada por uma política de controlo das despesas, um apoio à independência do Banco Central e um ambiente estável para atrair o investimento privado. Assim, isso permitiria controlar de forma duradoura a inflação, sanear as contas públicas e relançar um ciclo de crescimento criador de empregos e de oportunidades."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "A ideia seria orquestrar uma retoma do crescimento econômico sustentável, garantindo simultaneamente a estabilidade dos preços e o equilíbrio das contas públicas. O eixo central é uma ampla reforma fiscal e orçamentária, visando tanto um aumento das receitas – pela tributação dos dividendos e das grandes fortunas – quanto uma racionalização das despesas, por meio de uma redução de 20 % dos incentivos fiscais já no primeiro ano e a adoção de um orçamento base zero. Paralelamente, a retoma das obras de infraestrutura, apoiada por um banco público de desenvolvimento, deve estimular a atividade. O banco central conservará sua autonomia operacional com um duplo mandato de domínio da inflação e de busca do pleno emprego. Assim, isso permitiria gerar 5 milhões de empregos em dois anos, ao mesmo tempo em que assegura a sustentabilidade orçamentária a longo prazo."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "A ideia seria atacar a raiz da ineficiência económica por meio de uma reforma estrutural do sistema fiscal, a fim de conciliar crescimento, estabilidade e controlo dos preços. O eixo central consiste em instaurar um imposto federal único para substituir a complexidade actual, uma abordagem destinada a aliviar o encargo que pesa sobre as empresas e os assalariados, a combater a evasão fiscal e a optimizar a gestão das despesas públicas. Em paralelo, um apoio acrescido deve ser dirigido às micro e pequenas empresas via um acesso facilitado ao crédito e à inovação para estimular o investimento e a produtividade. Assim, isso permitiria restaurar a estabilidade orçamental, ao mesmo tempo que libertaria o potencial de crescimento e reduziria as pressões inflacionistas de forma duradoura."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "A ideia seria romper com a gestão de compromissos de curto prazo para edificar um crescimento duradouro sobre fundações saneadas, onde a estabilidade orçamental é a condição primeira da prosperidade. A abordagem correta consiste em empreender uma reforma estrutural do Estado para torná-lo mais eficiente, suprimindo os subsídios improdutivos e os privilégios. Paralelamente, uma abertura unilateral da economia é necessária para estimular a competitividade e a produtividade, o que exerce uma pressão descendente sobre os preços. Essa estratégia apoia-se também numa simplificação do sistema tributário, com a instauração de um imposto sobre o valor acrescentado, e na modernização das leis do trabalho. Assim, isso permitiria atacar as raízes da inflação e da estagnação, criando um ambiente propício ao investimento e a um crescimento sustentável."
}
] |
Qual deve ser a política do país em matéria de fiscalidade e despesas públicas?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "A ideia seria refundar o pacto fiscal para que se torne um vetor de desenvolvimento e de justiça social. A abordagem assenta em dois pilares: a revogação do teto de despesas, substituído por um novo regime orçamentário credível e flexível que autorize o investimento público, e uma reforma tributária profunda. Esta última terá por objetivo simplificar o sistema, reduzir a tributação sobre o consumo e aumentar significativamente a progressividade, fazendo com que os rendimentos mais elevados contribuam mais. Os recursos assim libertados serão prioritariamente alocados ao financiamento do Estado-providência e à reconstrução dos serviços públicos. Assim, isso permitiria devolver à política orçamental a sua capacidade de ação para reduzir as desigualdades e estimular a economia."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "A ideia seria reformar a gestão das finanças públicas para a tornar um motor de crescimento, concentrando-se na eficácia das despesas e na redução da pressão fiscal. A abordagem correta consiste em otimizar cada despesa pública, revisando sistematicamente os programas, desvinculando os orçamentos das indexações automáticas e concentrando-se nos serviços essenciais. No plano fiscal, o objetivo é simplificar o sistema para o tornar mais justo e competitivo, com uma redução direcionada dos impostos, nomeadamente aumentando significativamente o limite de isenção do imposto sobre o rendimento para os assalariados. Assim, isso permitiria libertar recursos para o investimento privado, aumentar o poder de compra das famílias e garantir a sustentabilidade das contas públicas a longo prazo."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "A ideia seria refundar o pacto orçamental e fiscal com bases de simplicidade, equidade e eficiência para garantir a justiça social e a sustentabilidade das contas públicas. O eixo central é uma reforma fiscal de grande envergadura, a implementar nos primeiros seis meses, instaurando um imposto sobre o valor acrescentado (IVA) para simplificar a tributação do consumo e tornando o imposto sobre o rendimento mais progressivo. Em matéria de despesas, a prioridade é racionalizar a despesa pública, reduzindo as despesas fiscais ineficazes e conferindo total transparência à execução do orçamento. Uma revisão sistemática dos programas permitirá realocar os recursos para políticas sociais de elevado impacto. Assim, isto permitiria controlar melhor as despesas, reduzir a complexidade do sistema fiscal e assegurar uma repartição mais justa da carga fiscal, ao mesmo tempo que reforça os serviços essenciais à população."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "A ideia seria conduzir uma reforma fiscal de grande envergadura para garantir a sustentabilidade das contas públicas, ao mesmo tempo que financia os investimentos estratégicos. A prioridade é reequilibrar a carga fiscal aliviando os impostos sobre a produção, via a fusão de cinco taxas numa só, para a transferir para o património e os rendimentos. Esta abordagem inclui a instauração de uma taxa de 0,5 % sobre fortunas superiores a 20 milhões, a reintrodução do imposto sobre os dividendos e, do lado das despesas, uma redução de 20 % das subvenções e incentivos fiscais já no primeiro ano. A adoção de um orçamento base zero permitirá, em paralelo, um exame detalhado de todas as despesas correntes. Assim, isso permitiria libertar margens de manobra orçamentais importantes para relançar os serviços públicos e as infraestruturas."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "A ideia seria romper com décadas de imobilismo por uma reforma estrutural do sistema fiscal, que é a peça-chave para o controlo das despesas públicas. O eixo central é a instauração de um imposto federal único, destinado a simplificar radicalmente a arrecadação, a reduzir a burocracia e a repartir melhor a carga fiscal entre os cidadãos e as empresas. Esta abordagem deve ser acompanhada por uma intensificação da luta contra a evasão e por uma gestão otimizada dos recursos do Estado, garantindo ao mesmo tempo o respeito pela autonomia financeira das entidades federadas. O objetivo é tornar a máquina pública mais eficiente para libertar fundos para os investimentos essenciais. Assim, isso permitiria sanear de forma duradoura as contas públicas, estimular a economia e corrigir os desequilíbrios territoriais."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "A ideia seria redefinir o papel do Estado para torná-lo um garant eficiente dos serviços públicos, com a responsabilidade orçamental como princípio não negociável. A prioridade é uma profunda reforma administrativa orientada para os resultados, acompanhada da supressão dos subsídios e dos privilégios que sobrecarregam as contas. No domínio da fiscalidade, a complexidade atual deve ser substituída por um sistema simples e justo, baseado num imposto único sobre o valor acrescentado e em regras unificadas para a tributação dos rendimentos e dos salários. Assim, isso permitiria restaurar o equilíbrio das contas, tornar o sistema fiscal mais equitativo e libertar recursos para as funções essenciais do Estado sem aumentar a carga global."
}
] |
Como garantir a eficácia e a sustentabilidade dos programas sociais de combate à pobreza?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "A ideia seria refundar os programas sociais sobre uma dupla lógica: garantir uma renda básica para responder à urgência, ao mesmo tempo em que os integra numa estratégia de desenvolvimento humano e de inclusão económica. O eixo central é a implementação de um programa de renda de cidadania, renovado e ampliado, assegurando montantes compatíveis com as necessidades reais da população. Este dispositivo deve apoiar-se no fortalecimento de um sistema nacional unificado de assistência social para garantir uma cobertura ampla e equitativa em todo o território. A sua eficácia será assegurada ao ligá-lo a ações de inclusão produtiva, tanto em meio urbano quanto rural, para criar verdadeiras pontes para o emprego e a autonomia. Assim, isso permitiria passar de uma lógica de assistência para uma verdadeira garantia de direitos, visando uma transição por etapas para um sistema universal que erradique a pobreza de maneira estrutural."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "A ideia seria transformar os programas sociais em trampolins para a autonomia económica em vez de simples subsídios. A abordagem eficaz consiste em condicionar a ajuda a uma trajetória de inserção profissional, vinculando as transferências de renda a programas de qualificação, ao acesso ao microcrédito e, sobretudo, a mecanismos de incentivo que tornem a manutenção da ajuda compatível com a retomada de um emprego formal. Essa articulação deve incentivar o empreendedorismo e a formalização do emprego. Assim, isso permitiria garantir que a assistência social seja uma solução temporária e responsabilizadora, que rompe o ciclo da dependência e favorece uma saída duradoura da pobreza por meio do trabalho e da iniciativa individual."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "A ideia seria transformar a assistência social numa alavanca de emancipação duradoura, consolidando um sistema de proteção social ao mesmo tempo permanente e orientado para a autonomia dos beneficiários. A abordagem consiste em instituir um programa de transferência de rendimento permanente, resguardado de qualquer instrumentalização política, cuja eficácia repousará num direcionamento preciso através de um registo social único reforçado. A manutenção da ajuda será condicionada a compromissos claros em matéria de escolarização, de acompanhamento médico e de vacinação, a fim de quebrar o ciclo intergeracional da pobreza. O objetivo principal é fazer dessa base uma transição para o emprego, articulando-a com políticas ativas de inserção profissional e de microcrédito produtivo. Assim, isso permitiria garantir uma segurança de rendimento para os mais vulneráveis, ao mesmo tempo em que lhes oferece percursos concretos rumo à autonomia económica e à plena cidadania."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "A ideia seria refundar a luta contra a pobreza articulando um apoio direto e alavancas para a autonomia econômica. A abordagem consiste primeiro em sanear a situação financeira das famílias via um amplo programa de renegociação de dívidas, incentivando a remissão de dívidas em troca de um refinanciamento público por 36 meses. Paralelamente, as prestações sociais existentes seriam consolidadas em um programa de renda mínima universal. A sua eficácia repousaria num registro social único, constantemente atualizado para uma focalização geográfica precisa, e no acompanhamento das famílias rumo ao emprego por centros de referência. Essa abordagem seria complementada por um plano de emergência para a criação de 5 milhões de empregos. Assim, isso permitiria passar de uma lógica de assistência para uma dinâmica de inclusão duradoura, restaurando tanto o poder de compra quanto o acesso ao trabalho."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "A ideia seria transformar a assistência social de uma simples medida paliativa num verdadeiro alavancador de autonomia duradoura para os beneficiários. A perenidade dos programas assenta numa abordagem de responsabilidade partilhada, em que a ajuda federal está condicionada a compromissos concretos como a frequência escolar das crianças e a integração dos jovens em percursos de formação técnica. A prioridade é ligar o apoio financeiro a percursos de inserção profissional, nomeadamente para as mães, de forma a reforçar a sua capacidade de suprir as suas necessidades, ao mesmo tempo que se desenvolvem infraestruturas de apoio como creches para remover os obstáculos ao emprego. Assim, isso permitiria passar de uma lógica de assistencialismo para uma dinâmica de emancipação, assegurando simultaneamente a eficácia das ajudas e a sua sustentabilidade a longo prazo."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "A ideia seria transformar os programas sociais de uma lógica de assistência para uma estratégia de emancipação, atacando as causas estruturais da pobreza. A abordagem correta consiste em fundamentar toda ação numa medição contínua e precisa da pobreza por meio de indicadores nacionais, a fim de concentrar as intervenções nos casos mais críticos, nomeadamente a pobreza infantil. É depois crucial estabelecer metas de redução vinculativas a médio e longo prazo que orientem as despesas públicas. A perenidade do sistema pauta-se numa estrita responsabilidade orçamental e em ações destinadas a estimular o empreendedorismo como via de saída sustentável. Assim, isso permitiria garantir que cada recurso investido contribua não só para um alívio imediato, mas sobretudo para romper definitivamente o ciclo da precariedade."
}
] |
Que estratégia adotar para proteger a Amazônia e reduzir o desmatamento ao mesmo tempo em que se apoiam as atividades econômicas locais?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "A ideia seria substituir o modelo de exploração predatória por uma estratégia de desenvolvimento sustentável que valorize a floresta. A abordagem correta consiste em conduzir uma política de tolerância zero contra o crime ambiental, combatendo implacavelmente o desmatamento ilegal, a prospecção mineral clandestina e a apropriação de terras. Simultaneamente, trata-se de desbloquear o potencial da bioeconomia estimulando, por meio da pesquisa e da inovação, atividades econômicas de baixo impacto ecológico. Esse esforço virá acompanhado de um objetivo de desmatamento líquido zero, alcançado por meio da restauração das áreas degradadas e do reflorestamento. Assim, isso permitiria transformar a preservação da Amazônia em um motor de crescimento e de soberania, harmonizando a proteção dos ecossistemas e a prosperidade local."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "A ideia seria conciliar a proteção da floresta com um desenvolvimento económico soberano, transformando a conservação numa oportunidade de riqueza para as populações locais. A abordagem central consiste em intensificar as operações coordenadas de controlo e repressão das atividades ilegais, apoiando-se na tecnologia para uma vigilância acrescida e uma resposta rápida. Paralelamente, é prioritário estruturar cadeias económicas viáveis, como o ecoturismo e a exploração sustentável dos recursos, apoiadas por mecanismos financeiros incentivadores tais como o pagamento por serviços ambientais e o mercado de carbono. O objetivo é tornar a preservação mais rentável do que a destruição para os habitantes. Assim, isso permitiria reduzir a desflorestação, oferecendo alternativas económicas concretas às comunidades, ao mesmo tempo que reforça a presença do Estado e a soberania nacional sobre este território estratégico."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "A ideia seria fazer da proteção do meio ambiente o motor de um novo ciclo de desenvolvimento, posicionando o país como um líder da economia verde. A abordagem consiste em combinar uma política de tolerância zero ao desmatamento ilegal, restaurando a plena capacidade de atuação dos órgãos de controle e combatendo firmemente o crime organizado. Paralelamente, é essencial criar incentivos econômicos positivos estruturando um mercado nacional de créditos de carbono, promovendo o pagamento por serviços ambientais e apoiando a bioeconomia e a agricultura de baixo carbono. Essa estratégia se apoiará na reativação de fundos de preservação e na integração das comunidades locais. Assim, isso permitiria não só deter a destruição dos biomas, mas também gerar riqueza e melhorar as condições de vida em Amazonie a partir da valorização da floresta em pé."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "A ideia seria fazer da preservação da floresta um motor de desenvolvimento econômico, demonstrando que seu valor ecológico é um ativo superior ao das terras desmatadas. A estratégia baseia-se na implementação imediata de um zoneamento econômico e ecológico, em particular na região amazônica, para clarificar os usos da terra e assegurar os direitos fundiários. É imperativo envolver as populações locais em cadeias econômicas rentáveis e sustentáveis que excluam o desmatamento, apoiando-se na pesquisa científica local para desenvolver novos produtos e modos de gestão sustentável dos recursos. Assim, isso permitiria conciliar e integrar de forma duradoura a agricultura, a pecuária e a floresta, transformando a conservação em uma atividade econômica viável para as comunidades."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "A ideia seria ultrapassar a oposição estéril entre preservação e exploração, fazendo da floresta um motor de desenvolvimento económico sustentável, ao serviço da soberania nacional. A estratégia assenta num duplo pilar: o desenvolvimento de uma bioeconomia de elevado valor acrescentado — indústria farmacêutica, cosmética, turismo ecológico — e um reforço intransigente do Estado contra as actividades ilegais. É, portanto, imperativo oferecer segurança jurídica aos investimentos de baixo carbono e promover a inovação, ao mesmo tempo que se trava uma luta acérrima contra o desflorestamento criminoso, a exploração mineira ilegal e o tráfico, através de um planeamento territorial rigoroso. Assim, isso permitiria transformar a proteção do ecossistema num poderoso fator de criação de riqueza e de empregos, tornando a \"forêt debout\" mais rentável do que a sua destruição."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "A ideia seria superar a oposição entre preservação e desenvolvimento, fazendo da transição ecológica a principal alavanca da prosperidade nacional. A abordagem adequada consiste em transformar a conservação em uma atividade geradora de receitas, monetizando a floresta em pé por meio de um mercado robusto de créditos de carbono e do financiamento do reflorestamento de terras degradadas. O eixo central é fazer da Amazonie um polo mundial de bioeconomia e de captura de carbono, ao mesmo tempo integrando a pecuária à preservação dos ecossistemas. O objetivo é alcançar desmatamento líquido zero até 2030, combatendo firmemente as atividades ilegais. Assim, isso permitiria desencadear um novo ciclo de investimentos verdes, criar empregos sustentáveis para as populações locais e reposicionar o país como uma potência da nova economia de baixo carbono."
}
] |
Qual política energética o Brasil deve privilegiar entre energias fósseis, energia hidrelétrica e renováveis ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "A ideia seria orientar a transição energética apoiando‑se na gestão das recursos nacionais existentes para financiar e acelerar o desdobramento das energias limpas. A abordagem correta consiste em reafirmar o papel do Estado como coordenador estratégico, retomando o controlo dos grandes intervenientes da produção e da distribuição de energia. Trata‑se de estabelecer uma política de preços dos combustíveis que reflita os custos nacionais, protegendo assim a economia da volatilidade externa. As riquezas provenientes da exploração dos hidrocarbonetos, geridas de forma soberana, devem ser reinvestidas massivamente para diversificar a matriz energética, privilegiando a expansão dos setores renováveis. Assim, isso permitiria conciliar a autossuficiência em petróleo e derivados com a liderança na transição ecológica, garantindo uma energia acessível para a população e a indústria, ao mesmo tempo que respeita os compromissos climáticos."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "A ideia seria assegurar a segurança energética nacional através de uma diversificação pragmática das fontes, ao mesmo tempo que se capitaliza o potencial das energias limpas para afirmar uma liderança mundial. A prioridade não é opor as diferentes vertentes, mas articulá-las de forma estratégica. O eixo central é consolidar a exploração dos recursos existentes, nomeadamente o gás natural para garantir a estabilidade industrial e dos preços, ao mesmo tempo que se lança um programa ambicioso de desenvolvimento das energias renováveis como a solar, a eólica offshore e o hidrogénio verde. Assim, isso permitiria reduzir progressivamente a dependência das energias carbonadas e dos mercados internacionais, oferecer uma energia competitiva aos cidadãos e às empresas, e transformar o país num grande exportador de energia verde."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "A ideia seria acelerar a transição para uma matriz energética com baixo teor de carbono, que seja ao mesmo tempo mais limpa, segura, acessível e eficiente, apoiando-se nas vantagens competitivas do país. A abordagem correta consiste em estimular a competição entre as diferentes fontes de energia limpa em vez de privilegiar apenas uma. O desenvolvimento dos setores eólico, solar, de biocombustíveis, da biomassa e do hidrogénio verde será ativamente promovido, em complemento ao potencial hidroeléctrico existente e integrando o gás natural como energia de transição. Essa diversificação será acompanhada de uma governação sectorial melhorada e da supressão dos subsídios injustificados. Assim, isso permitiria garantir a segurança do abastecimento, cumprir os compromissos climáticos reduzindo as emissões e fornecer uma energia competitiva para a economia e as famílias."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "A ideia seria engajar uma transição energética rápida para uma matriz de produção 100 % limpa, mobilizando os recursos naturais do país para garantir uma energia abundante e acessível. A estratégia consiste em reformar a política de preços da companhia petrolífera nacional para dissociá-la dos mercados internacionais, ao mesmo tempo em que a transforma em um polo de inovação para as novas energias como a eólica, a solar e o hidrogênio verde. Paralelamente, a hidroeletricidade seria otimizada como fonte de reserva para os picos de consumo, o que permitiria programar a eliminação completa das centrais termelétricas poluentes até 2030. Assim, isso permitiria proteger a economia contra a inflação importada via os preços da energia e assegurar uma autossuficiência durável e descarbonizada."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "A ideia seria capitalizar os pontos fortes naturais do país para operar uma transição para uma economia de baixo carbono, afirmando assim sua liderança no cenário internacional. A prioridade é inscrever a transição para uma matriz energética limpa e diversificada como uma política de Estado. Isso implica estimular ativamente a produção de energias renováveis — eólica, solar, biomassa — para reduzir a dependência excessiva da hidroeletricidade. A estratégia passa por uma liberalização do mercado para favorecer a competitividade e uma redução dos custos para os consumidores, bem como uma reorganização do quadro regulatório para atrair investimentos. Assim, isso permitiria garantir a segurança energética, reduzir o custo da energia para os cidadãos e as empresas, e posicionar o país como uma referência mundial no cumprimento dos compromissos climáticos."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "A ideia seria abandonar a dependência dos combustíveis fósseis para acelerar a transição para uma economia de baixo carbono, fazendo das energias limpas o motor principal da modernização e da competitividade. A estratégia consiste em implantar massivamente as fontes renováveis como o solar, o eólico e o etanol. Será dada uma prioridade particular à biomassa, reconhecida como um trunfo nacional superior aos combustíveis fósseis. Essa transição deve ocorrer em todos os setores, começando pela agroindústria, que deve visar a autonomia energética por meio de fontes limpas. Assim, isso permitiria reduzir drasticamente as emissões de gases de efeito estufa, ao mesmo tempo em que criaria empregos e posicionaria o país como uma potência da economia verde."
}
] |
Quais prioridades devem orientar a política de segurança pública e o combate ao crime organizado?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "A ideia seria refundar a política de segurança na valorização da vida e na prevenção, rompendo com o modelo puramente guerreiro. A abordagem adequada consiste em substituir a lógica de confrontação por estratégias baseadas em inteligência e informação para desmantelar as organizações criminosas, incluindo as milícias. O eixo central será o reforço de um sistema nacional de segurança unificado, favorecendo a coordenação entre as forças policiais e uma ação direcionada à redução dos homicídios. Será dada prioridade à valorização dos profissionais de segurança, através da modernização das carreiras, da formação contínua e da implementação de um apoio psicossocial. Assim, isso permitiria atacar as raízes da criminalidade organizada, promovendo simultaneamente uma cultura de paz e de respeito pelos direitos fundamentais."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "A ideia seria restabelecer a ordem pública por meio de uma ação resoluta do Estado, ao mesmo tempo em que se reforçam as capacidades de defesa dos cidadãos face à criminalidade. O eixo prioritário consiste em reforçar significativamente os meios humanos, materiais e jurídicos das forças de segurança, garantindo-lhes uma proteção acrescida no exercício de suas funções. A abordagem apoia-se numa coordenação reforçada entre as instituições federais, estaduais e municipais, e no uso de tecnologias avançadas como a inteligência artificial e a polícia científica para desmantelar as redes organizadas. Paralelamente, a estratégia assenta na garantia do direito fundamental dos cidadãos à legítima defesa. Assim, isso permitiria obter uma redução tangível nos índices de violência e restabelecer um ambiente onde a lei protege eficazmente toda a população."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "A ideia seria retomar a iniciativa perante a criminalidade organizada, restaurando a coordenação central do Estado e adotando uma postura de tolerância zero. A prioridade é recriar um ministério da Segurança Pública para pilotar uma estratégia nacional unificada, colocando a União no centro da articulação das ações. Para isso, a abordagem consiste em integrar todas as forças de segurança em torno de um sistema de informação único e de um uso intensivo da inteligência. O controle das fronteiras será reforçado para conter o tráfico de armas e de drogas, enquanto os decretos que flexibilizam a posse de armas serão revogados em favor de uma política de controle e de rastreabilidade estrita. Assim, isso permitiria desmantelar mais eficazmente as redes criminosas, reduzir os homicídios e restaurar a autoridade do Estado em todo o território."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "A ideia seria adotar uma abordagem integrada de segurança, articulando a repressão ao crime organizado com políticas de prevenção direcionadas. O eixo central é a implementação de um sistema nacional unificado de segurança pública, garantindo uma coordenação efetiva e uma partilha de informações entre as diferentes forças em todos os níveis de governo. O combate ao crime organizado deve priorizar o ataque aos seus fluxos financeiros e à lavagem de dinheiro, apoiando-se em tecnologias avançadas de rastreamento. Paralelamente, a política sobre as drogas deve ser reorientada para uma abordagem de redução de danos, e uma atenção particular será dada à proteção das mulheres e dos jovens mais expostos à violência. Assim, isso permitiria reduzir a criminalidade de forma estrutural, atacando simultaneamente suas manifestações e suas raízes sociais."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "A ideia seria conduzir uma ofensiva estrutural contra a criminalidade, restaurando a autoridade do Estado onde ela foi suplantada. A abordagem consiste em agir em duas frentes: por um lado, reforçar as capacidades de antecipação pela integração sistemática da inteligência e pela modernização tecnológica da investigação penal, nomeadamente para o controlo das fronteiras. Por outro lado, é imperativo desmantelar a base operacional das facções, retomando o controlo total do sistema penitenciário e melhorando a eficácia da polícia. Assim, isso permitiria romper a estrutura de comando do crime organizado, passando de uma lógica de mera reação a uma estratégia de desmantelamento das suas fundações."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "A ideia seria romper com uma abordagem puramente repressiva para desmantelar as estruturas sistêmicas que alimentam a criminalidade organizada e a corrupção. O eixo central é reforçar a integração dos sistemas de inteligência entre as diferentes forças de segurança e a justiça. Isso passa pela santuarização das instituições-chave, garantindo a autonomia da polícia federal por meio de mandatos fixos e deslocados do ciclo político. Paralelamente, a prioridade é reduzir drasticamente a impunidade mediante um endurecimento da execução das penas, o fim das jurisdições especiais e a aplicação da detenção a partir da condenação em segunda instância. A eficiência das forças policiais será estimulada pela instauração de metas de desempenho mensuráveis para a elucidação dos crimes. Assim, isso permitiria restaurar a credibilidade do Estado de direito e enfraquecer duradouramente as redes criminosas ao atacar suas ramificações políticas e econômicas."
}
] |
Como melhorar a qualidade da educação pública em todos os níveis ?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "A ideia seria reposicionar a educação como um investimento estratégico essencial para o desenvolvimento soberano e para a igualdade, rompendo com a lógica de desmantelamento dos serviços públicos. A abordagem correta consiste em reativar o Plan National d'Éducation como folha de rota, garantindo uma coordenação sistêmica entre l'Union, os Estados e os municípios. O esforço deve cobrir todo o percurso, da creche ao ensino superior, com atenção particular à valorização dos profissionais da educação. Uma prioridade será dada a um programa nacional de recuperação escolar para suprir os déficits de aprendizagem acumulados. Assim, isso permitiria reconstruir um sistema público universal, gratuito e de qualidade, capaz de formar cidadãos para a sociedade do conhecimento e de garantir um futuro mais justo para o país."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "A ideia seria reformar o sistema educativo para o alinhar com os imperativos económicos e tecnológicos contemporâneos, a fim de garantir uma elevada empregabilidade e de reforçar a competitividade nacional. A abordagem consiste em reforçar a sinergia entre as instituições, nomeadamente através do ensino técnico e profissional, e as necessidades reais do mercado de trabalho. Isso passa por uma atualização dos programas, privilegiando um ensino dos fundamentos desprovido de qualquer prisma ideológico e integrando massivamente as competências digitais essenciais. Esta transformação apoia-se igualmente na revalorização da carreira dos professores. Assim, isso permitiria formar uma massa crítica de jovens qualificados, reduzir o desajuste entre a oferta de formação e a procura de emprego, e melhorar duradouramente a posição do país nas classificações internacionais."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "A ideia seria colocar a educação no topo das prioridades nacionais, devolvendo-lhe o seu papel de principal alavanca de desenvolvimento e de igualdade de oportunidades. O eixo central consiste em restaurar a capacidade de pilotagem do ministério da Educação para coordenar uma ação coerente em todo o território. A prioridade será dada à primeira infância e à garantia de uma alfabetização completa de todos os alunos ao final do segundo ano do ensino primário. Paralelamente, tratar-se-á de generalizar o ensino em tempo integral, de reformar o ensino secundário para integrar uma formação técnica e profissional conectada ao mercado de trabalho e de revalorizar a carreira dos professores. Assim, isso permitiria suprir os atrasos de aprendizagem, reduzir o abandono escolar e preparar melhor os jovens para o seu futuro profissional e cidadão."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "A ideia seria iniciar uma transformação estrutural da educação pública para a posicionar entre as melhores do mundo no espaço de 15 anos, tornando-a uma missão nacional coordenada pelo Estado federal. A estratégia baseia-se na valorização da carreira docente, com programas massivos de formação contínua, salários atrativos e incentivos financeiros para as escolas e os professores que atinjam seus objetivos de desempenho. Paralelamente, é essencial generalizar progressivamente a escola em tempo integral desde o ensino primário e desenvolver um ensino secundário profissionalizante, incluindo estágios remunerados para os alunos. Um acompanhamento rigoroso dos resultados orientará um apoio direcionado aos estabelecimentos em dificuldade. Assim, isso permitiria garantir uma verdadeira igualdade de oportunidades e construir uma base sólida de competências para o futuro do país."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "A ideia seria refundar o pacto educativo nacional para garantir um ensino de qualidade, desde a primeira infância até à universidade, de forma a formar cidadãos autónomos e preparar o país para os desafios da economia do conhecimento. O eixo central é uma revalorização profunda da carreira docente, condicionada a um sistema nacional de avaliação das competências e do desempenho. Em paralelo, uma intervenção de gestão forte deve garantir uma administração mais rigorosa dos recursos e a implementação de metodologias de ensino modernas, centradas nas competências fundamentais e técnicas exigidas pelos polos de emprego locais. Assim, isso permitiria reduzir drasticamente o analfabetismo funcional e elevar o nível geral dos alunos, ao mesmo tempo que assegura uma melhor adequação entre a formação e as oportunidades reais do país."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "A ideia seria refundar o sistema educativo para torná-lo um verdadeiro motor de igualdade de oportunidades e de competitividade, visando um desempenho de nível mundial. A abordagem adequada consiste em instaurar uma governança orientada para resultados, sistematizando a avaliação dos professores e das instituições e condicionando parte dos financiamentos ao desempenho. O percurso do aluno será reforçado pela universalização da pré-escolarização, pela extensão do tempo escolar e pela integração da formação técnica no ensino secundário. Em paralelo, uma reforma do ensino superior visará despolitizar a seleção dos seus dirigentes e incentivar o seu autofinanciamento. Assim, isso permitiria elevar o sistema educativo aos padrões internacionais em sete anos, garantindo uma melhor eficiência dos recursos públicos e formando o capital humano indispensável a uma economia produtiva."
}
] |
Que orientation dar ao sistema de saúde pública (SUS) para reforçar o acesso e a eficácia dos cuidados?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "A ideia seria tratar a saúde não mais como uma despesa, mas como um direito fundamental e um pilar da soberania nacional. A abordagem adequada consiste em reforçar o caráter público e universal do SUS por meio de um reinvestimento maciço em suas infraestruturas, seus equipamentos e na valorização de seus profissionais. O esforço se concentrará na melhoria da gestão, no relançamento de políticas estruturantes que garantam a medicina de proximidade e o acesso a medicamentos essenciais, assim como na reconstrução do complexo industrial da saúde para reduzir a dependência externa. Uma prioridade será reduzir as demandas de cuidados não satisfeitas, herdadas da crise sanitária. Assim, isso permitiria garantir a cada cidadão um acesso efetivo a um sistema de saúde integral e de qualidade, ao mesmo tempo em que prepara o país para futuros desafios sanitários."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "A ideia seria transformar a gestão do sistema de saúde público para garantir a sua eficiência e universalidade, apoiando-se na tecnologia como alavanca de desempenho. O eixo central desta modernização é a implementação de uma infraestrutura de saúde digital, incluindo um prontuário médico unificado para cada cidadão, a fim de melhorar a coordenação dos cuidados e racionalizar os percursos. Esta transformação deve ser acompanhada de um reforço da atenção primária e preventiva, que constitui a base do sistema, ao mesmo tempo que otimiza a gestão dos recursos por uma melhor articulação entre os atores públicos e privados. Assim, isso permitiria oferecer um acesso aos cuidados mais equitativo e rápido em todo o território, melhorar a qualidade do acompanhamento médico e assegurar a sustentabilidade do sistema a longo prazo."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "A ideia seria recentrar o sistema de saúde público nas suas missões fundamentais de prevenção e de cuidados de proximidade, passando de uma lógica de tratamento da doença para uma verdadeira política de promoção da saúde. O eixo central consiste em reforçar massivamente os cuidados de saúde primários, considerados como a porta de entrada do sistema, e em investir na prevenção, nomeadamente pela retoma das campanhas de vacinação. A eficácia será aumentada pelo uso da tecnologia, como a telemedicina e o dossiê médico eletrónico, para reduzir as filas de espera. Esse reforço apoiar-se-á num aumento progressivo do financiamento federal e numa melhor coordenação nacional. Assim, isso permitiria garantir um acesso mais rápido e equitativo aos cuidados, reforçar a resiliência do sistema e concretizar a promessa de uma saúde pública universal e eficaz."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "A ideia seria reconstruir o sistema de saúde pública para garantir um acesso universal e eficaz aos cuidados, atacando prioritariamente as fragilidades estruturais agravadas pela crise sanitária. A abordagem apoiaria-se na criação de uma central de regulação permanente que, em parceria com o setor privado, visaria eliminar em um ano as listas de espera para consultas, diagnósticos e cirurgias. Em paralelo, uma reforma do percurso de cuidados reforçaria a atenção primária e sua articulação com centros de referência especializados, tudo integrado por um prontuário médico eletrônico. Para garantir a soberania sanitária, a produção nacional de medicamentos e insumos farmacêuticos seria retomada. Assim, isso permitiria restaurar a capacidade de resposta do sistema, reduzir as desigualdades no acesso aos cuidados e melhorar de forma duradoura a qualidade de vida da população."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "A ideia seria transformar o sistema de saúde público de uma estrutura burocrática em um serviço ágil e centrado no cidadão, fazendo da sua melhoria uma prioridade de Estado. A abordagem correta consiste em implantar ferramentas de governança digital, como um sistema de gestão online e um prontuário médico nacional unificado, para garantir a rastreabilidade dos cuidados e a otimização dos recursos. É essencial investir na universalização dos serviços, mirando áreas críticas como a saúde mental e o cuidado às pessoas idosas, e reforçar a formação dos profissionais de saúde para responder às necessidades reais da população. Assim, isso permitiria garantir um acesso equitativo e em tempo real aos cuidados, melhorar a qualidade dos serviços prestados e restaurar a confiança dos cidadãos no seu sistema de saúde público."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "A ideia seria transformar o sistema de saúde pública de uma lógica de meios para uma cultura de resultados, fazendo da integração e da tecnologia os pilares de um acesso aos cuidados mais eficiente para todos. A abordagem adequada consiste em implementar a digitalização completa do percurso de cuidados, com um registo médico único e unificado, a fim de otimizar a coordenação. Centrais de regulação inteligentes terão a missão de mobilizar o conjunto dos recursos disponíveis, incluindo a capacidade não utilizada do setor privado, para reduzir as listas de espera. O financiamento será progressivamente reorientado para recompensar a qualidade e os resultados clínicos efetivos em vez do simples volume de atos. Assim, isso permitiria garantir cuidados de melhor qualidade, reduzir as ineficiências e assegurar a sustentabilidade financeira do sistema a longo prazo."
}
] |
Que lugar deve ser dado às empresas públicas e ao setor privado na economia nacional?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "A ideia seria restaurar a primazia do Estado como ator estratégico e planejador do desenvolvimento, posicionando o setor privado como um parceiro essencial para a realização dos objetivos nacionais. A abordagem adequada consiste em interromper os processos de privatização dos ativos estratégicos e reafirmar o papel motor das empresas públicas em setores-chave como energia, logística e crédito. As instituições financeiras públicas serão consolidadas para financiar a longo prazo as infraestruturas e a inovação. O investimento privado, por sua vez, será ativamente incentivado por meio de parcerias e concessões, desde que se insira em missões de interesse geral, notadamente nos planos social e ambiental. Assim, isso permitiria articular a capacidade de investimento do Estado e o dinamismo privado para reconstruir o aparelho produtivo, garantir a soberania nacional e orientar a economia para um modelo de crescimento mais justo e sustentável."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "A ideia seria redefinir o perímetro de intervenção do Estado para libertar o potencial da economia e estimular o empreendedorismo. O eixo central consiste em acelerar a transferência para o setor privado das atividades que este pode gerir de maneira mais eficiente, por meio de um programa sustentado de privatizações, de concessões e de parcerias público-privadas. Essa abordagem visa um recentramento estratégico: o Estado deve concentrar os seus recursos nas suas missões soberanas fundamentais – segurança, saúde, educação – onde a sua ação é insubstituível. Assim, isso permitiria atrair investimentos, melhorar a competitividade e a qualidade dos serviços, ao mesmo tempo que assegura uma gestão mais rigorosa e eficaz das finanças públicas."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "A ideia seria redefinir o papel do Estado, posicionando-o como um parceiro estratégico da iniciativa privada, reconhecida como o principal motor do crescimento, do investimento e do emprego. O eixo central dessa estratégia é a implementação de um ambicioso programa de concessões, privatizações e parcerias público-privadas, visando atrair capitais e a expertise do setor privado. Para isso, o Estado se concentrará na criação de um ambiente de negócios estável e previsível, dotado de segurança jurídica e regulatória sem falhas. Os recursos gerados por essas operações serão prioritariamente direcionados às políticas sociais de redução da pobreza e de educação infantil. Assim, isso permitiria liberar o potencial de investimento privado, aumentar a produtividade da economia e recentrar a ação do Estado em suas missões sociais essenciais."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "A ideia seria redefinir o pacto entre o Estado e o mercado para articular um desenvolvimento nacional planificado com a vitalidade da iniciativa privada. O Estado assumiria um papel de estratega e de investidor-catalisador, relançando os projetos de infraestrutura e mobilizando um banco público de desenvolvimento para orientar o financiamento para setores-chave. O setor privado seria o motor do investimento e da inovação, num ambiente concorrencial saneado por uma política antitruste rigorosa. As empresas públicas seriam, por sua vez, instrumentos ao serviço desta estratégia nacional, nomeadamente para pilotar a transição energética e controlar os custos para a economia. Assim, isso permitiria conciliar uma visão de longo prazo e uma soberania económica reforçada com um ambiente de negócios dinâmico e gerador de empregos."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "A ideia seria redefinir o papel do Estado para torná-lo um parceiro estratégico da iniciativa privada, em vez de um operador económico direto, de modo a mobilizar a eficiência e os capitais privados para modernizar o país. A abordagem correta consiste em sistematizar o recurso às parcerias público-privadas (PPP) para a gestão dos serviços essenciais, como a saúde e o saneamento, ao mesmo tempo que se apoia ativamente as pequenas e médias empresas por meio de um acesso facilitado ao crédito e à inovação. O Estado concentrar-se-ia então no seu papel de regulador eficaz, impondo garantias de desempenho estritas nos contratos. Assim, isso permitiria criar uma sinergia em que a agilidade do setor privado acelera a concretização dos objetivos públicos, ao mesmo tempo que reforça a competitividade da economia nacional."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "A ideia seria fazer do setor privado o motor central da economia, reposicionando o Estado como um árbitro e um facilitador em vez de um operador. A abordagem correta consiste em retirar o Estado das atividades produtivas através de um programa de privatização, ao mesmo tempo suprimindo os subsídios e as reservas de mercado que travam a concorrência. A ação pública deve concentrar-se nas suas missões fundamentais: assegurar uma regulação clara, investir nas infraestruturas estratégicas e desmontar os monopólios. O setor privado, inclusive através de parcerias, deve assumir o papel principal na produção de bens e serviços. Assim, isso permitiria libertar as forças produtivas, atrair investimentos e gerar um crescimento económico mais forte e mais sustentável."
}
] |
Que política o país deve adotar em relação aos direitos dos povos indígenas e à demarcação das terras?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "A ideia seria garantir os direitos territoriais e culturais dos povos indígenas não mais como uma concessão, mas como um dever constitucional do Estado. A abordagem correta consiste em assegurar a posse efetiva de suas terras, finalizando os processos de demarcação e impedindo qualquer atividade predatória que ameace seus direitos e seus modos de vida. Trata-se de reforçar as instituições federais dedicadas a essa missão e de construir políticas públicas que valorizem sua cultura, suas tradições e seus saberes. Essa proteção deve garantir uma vida digna e a plena cidadania, reconhecendo esses povos como atores essenciais da nação. Assim, isso permitiria assegurar sua existência física e cultural, pacificar os conflitos fundiários e reconhecer sua contribuição inestimável para a proteção do meio ambiente."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "A ideia seria ir além de uma abordagem puramente conservadora para garantir a autonomia dos povos indígenas através da sua plena integração no desenvolvimento económico, em respeito à soberania nacional. A abordagem correcta consiste em dar-lhes os meios para valorizar de forma sustentável as suas terras e os seus recursos, favorecendo o surgimento de actividades económicas como o etnoturismo, a agricultura ou a extração de recursos regulamentada. Isso implica garantir-lhes o acesso às infraestruturas essenciais – transporte, energia, conectividade – para que se tornem actores de pleno direito na economia regional. Assim, isso permitiria conciliar a protecção do seu modo de vida com uma melhoria concreta das suas condições materiais, ao mesmo tempo que afirma que o desenvolvimento desses territórios se insere num projecto nacional unificado."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "A ideia seria garantir a plena efetividade dos direitos constitucionais dos povos indígenas restaurando a primazia da lei e a capacidade de ação do Estado para a proteção de seus territórios. O eixo central dessa política é restaurar e reforçar a instituição pública responsável pelas questões indígenas, a fim de aplicar rigorosamente a legislação. Isso implica acelerar os processos de regularização fundiária, ao mesmo tempo em que se assegura um acesso efetivo a políticas públicas específicas nas áreas de saúde, educação e assistência social. Assim, isso permitiria garantir a segurança jurídica e física das comunidades, preservar seu patrimônio cultural e reconhecer seu papel essencial na proteção do meio ambiente."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "A ideia seria garantir de maneira efetiva os direitos fundamentais dos povos indígenas, considerando a proteção de suas terras e de sua cultura como uma urgência. O eixo central da ação consiste em assegurar o respeito, a preservação e a inviolabilidade das reservas territoriais, impedindo qualquer forma de exploração ilegal por terceiros. Essa proteção deve se estender à sua cultura e às suas atividades produtivas tradicionais, que são vitais para sua subsistência. Paralelamente, uma política de saúde direcionada, com médicos especificamente formados, deve ser implementada. Assim, isso permitiria assegurar sua integridade física e cultural ao mesmo tempo em que preserva sua autonomia e seu modo de vida."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "A ideia seria ultrapassar a cisão estéril entre a sanctuarização das terras e a sua exploração descontrolada, tornando os territórios protegidos vetores de desenvolvimento económico soberano. A abordagem adequada consiste em definir, no quadro de um plano territorial estratégico nacional, modelos de gestão que conciliem a preservação das culturas e o desenvolvimento económico sustentável dessas zonas. É imperativo deixar de as considerar unicamente como reservas para as transformar em polos de produção de riqueza, ao mesmo tempo que se afirma uma soberania nacional sem falha contra qualquer ingerência externa e se reforça a vigilância das fronteiras para combater a criminalidade. Assim, isso permitiria alinhar a proteção dos direitos e do ambiente com os imperativos de crescimento e de segurança nacional, garantindo que a valorização dessas terras beneficie toda a nação."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "A ideia seria ultrapassar a visão puramente proteccionista dos direitos dos povos indígenas para a integrar numa dinâmica de desenvolvimento e de autonomia. A abordagem correcta consiste em garantir o direito de propriedade sobre as suas terras, ao mesmo tempo que se procede a uma revisão da legislação para conciliar o respeito pelas especificidades culturais com a inclusão económica. O Estado deve assegurar uma protecção efectiva contra a violência e as actividades ilegais, reforçando os meios de vigilância e de controlo sobre esses territórios. Assim, isso permitiria transformar os povos indígenas em actores do seu próprio desenvolvimento, dando-lhes os meios para prosperar economicamente enquanto preservam a sua identidade."
}
] |
Como o Brasil deve definir sua posição internacional em relação às grandes potências (Estados Unidos, China, Europa) e aos parceiros regionais?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "A ideia seria reposicionar o país como um protagonista mundial, fundamentando sua política externa em uma soberania inabalável e em uma autonomia decisional completa. A abordagem adequada consiste em reforçar prioritariamente a integração regional na América Latina, ao mesmo tempo em que revitaliza a cooperação Sul-Sul, notadamente com a África e no âmbito dos Brics. As relações com as grandes potências mundiais devem ser pragmáticas e diversificadas, estabelecidas com base nos interesses nacionais, sem qualquer forma de submissão ou de alinhamento automático. A ação diplomática deve ser desenvolvida em favor de uma ordem mundial multipolar e do fortalecimento do multilateralismo. Assim, isso permitiria ao país defender seus interesses de maneira flexível e recuperar sua influência na construção de uma ordem internacional mais equilibrada e respeitadora da soberania das nações."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "A ideia seria conduzir uma política externa pragmática e soberana, fundada numa dupla prioridade: o alinhamento com as democracias que partilham os mesmos valores e a diversificação das parcerias económicas ao serviço do interesse nacional. A prioridade é acelerar a adesão às organizações que consagram os princípios da economia de mercado e do Estado de direito, como a OCDE, de modo a reforçar a credibilidade internacional do país. Paralelamente, a estratégia consiste em procurar ativamente alianças económicas e investimentos tecnológicos à escala global, sem exclusão ideológica, concentrando-se nos benefícios concretos para o emprego e para a produção nacional. Assim, isso permitiria aumentar a atratividade do país para os capitais, securizar as relações comerciais e projetar uma influência fundada tanto no poder económico quanto na defesa de uma identidade soberana."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "A ideia seria restaurar o prestígio e o protagonismo do país na cena internacional, rompendo com o isolamento em favor de uma diplomacia pragmática e ativa. A abordagem consiste em reafirmar a liderança regional, consolidando e liberalizando o Mercosur, ao mesmo tempo em que promove uma abertura comercial ambiciosa por meio da conclusão de novos acordos e da adesão à OCDE. Essa estratégia baseia-se num reengajamento ativo nas instâncias multilaterais, utilizando a participação em fóruns como o G20 e os Brics para reforçar uma ordem internacional fundada em regras. Assim, isso permitiria diversificar os parcerias estratégicas sem alinhamento automático, multiplicar as oportunidades comerciais e reposicionar o país como um ator credível e influente na governança mundial."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "A ideia seria refundar a postura internacional do país no princípio de uma soberania ativa e de uma defesa intransigente dos seus interesses nacionais. A abordagem correta consiste em recusar qualquer forma de alinhamento automático com as grandes potências e em avaliar cada parceria, seja comercial ou diplomática, à luz estrita dos seus benefícios para o desenvolvimento económico e a autonomia do país. As relações com os parceiros regionais e os blocos mundiais serão, portanto, conduzidas com base pragmática, sem preconceitos ideológicos. Assim, isso permitiria ao país conservar plena liberdade de manobra na cena mundial e maximizar as oportunidades de desenvolvimento, tratando de igual para igual com todos os atores internacionais."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "A ideia seria substituir os alinhamentos ideológicos por uma diplomacia pragmática, firmemente ancorada na defesa dos interesses nacionais e na valorização das suas vantagens estratégicas. A abordagem adequada consiste em afirmar uma soberania intransigente, em particular sobre as questões ambientais, ao mesmo tempo em que se utiliza o potencial do país em matéria de energia limpa e segurança alimentar como uma alavanca de influência na cena mundial. As parcerias, sejam com as grandes potências ou com os vizinhos regionais, devem ser redefinidas com base em vantagens mútuas concretas, priorizando a abertura de novos mercados e a cooperação na área da segurança nas fronteiras. Assim, isso permitiria reposicionar o país como um ator incontornável e respeitado, capaz de navegar num ordem mundial complexa capitalizando as suas forças únicas para garantir a sua prosperidade e segurança."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "A ideia seria romper com o isolamento ideológico para reancorar a política externa em bases pragmáticas, fazendo da abertura económica e da liderança ambiental os dois pilares da sua credibilidade internacional. A boa abordagem consiste em conduzir uma abertura unilateral da economia, ao mesmo tempo que se faz da transição para uma economia neutra em carbono o principal instrumento diplomático. A prioridade será dada à finalização do acordo comercial com a União Europeia e à adesão à OCDE, restaurando um diálogo construtivo com os parceiros tradicionais no seio das instâncias multilaterais. Assim, isso permitiria restaurar a reputação do país, atrair investimentos e dinamizar o comércio externo, reposicionando a nação como um actor fiável e um líder incontornável da nova economia de baixo carbono."
}
] |
Que política deve ser adotada em matéria de igualdade entre mulheres e homens e de direitos das minorias?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "A ideia seria tornar a igualdade efetiva um pilar inegociável da democracia e do desenvolvimento, atacando as raízes estruturais das discriminações. A abordagem correta consiste em implementar um conjunto de políticas públicas transversais para garantir a igualdade salarial, dar continuidade e ampliar as políticas de cotas sociais e raciais no ensino superior e na função pública, e implementar programas de saúde integral adaptados às necessidades das mulheres e da população LGBTQIA+. Uma prioridade absoluta será dada à luta contra todas as formas de violência, assegurando a proteção das vítimas e o fim da impunidade. Assim, isso permitiria garantir a plena cidadania para todas e todos, construindo um país onde a dignidade humana é protegida e onde a igualdade de direitos e de oportunidades se torna uma realidade tangível em todos os domínios da vida."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "A ideia seria assegurar uma igualdade concreta, concentrando-se na proteção dos mais frágeis e na autonomia econômica das mulheres, reconhecendo a família como o pilar da sociedade. A prioridade é implementar programas direcionados que visem a inclusão econômica das mulheres, por meio do empreendedorismo e da formação profissional, ao mesmo tempo em que se reforçam os mecanismos de proteção contra a violência. Para os outros públicos vulneráveis, como as pessoas idosas ou com deficiência, o foco recai na garantia dos seus direitos sociais fundamentais e na sua integração ativa. Assim, isso permitiria reforçar a coesão social apoiando-se em famílias fortes, onde cada membro dispõe dos meios para a sua própria autonomia e é protegido por políticas públicas eficazes."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "A ideia seria fazer da promoção ativa da igualdade e da valorização da diversidade o fundamento de um novo contrato social, traduzindo os princípios em ações concretas. O eixo central consistirá em garantir uma representação equitativa ao mais alto nível do Estado, instaurando um ministério com paridade de gênero e ampliando o lugar das minorias raciais em cargos de responsabilidade. A abordagem se apoiará no reforço das políticas de cotas e de ações afirmativas, ao mesmo tempo que promove a igualdade salarial e garante a igualdade de oportunidades para todas as minorias, incluindo a população LGBTQIA+ e as pessoas em situação de deficiência. Assim, isso permitiria combater ativamente o racismo e as discriminações estruturais e construir uma sociedade onde a inclusão não é apenas um princípio, mas uma realidade tangível em todos os níveis de decisão."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "A ideia seria conduzir uma política voluntarista para desmontar as discriminações estruturais e garantir uma plena emancipação social às mulheres, assim como às minorias raciais, sexuais e às pessoas em situação de deficiência. A abordagem apoia-se em ações direcionadas e vinculantes : a instauração de uma paridade quantitativa estrita entre mulheres e homens nos cargos de direção da administração federal, a consolidação das cotas para a população negra nas universidades e nos concursos públicos, e a implementação de políticas de compras públicas favorecendo as empresas provenientes dessas minorias. Instituições dedicadas, como um Secrétariat national pour les droits LGBTQIA+, também seriam criadas para coordenar essas políticas. Assim, isso permitiria transformar o princípio de igualdade em uma realidade tangível, garantindo a todos os grupos sociais os mesmos direitos e as mesmas oportunidades."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "A ideia seria ancorar a igualdade e a proteção das minorias numa abordagem pragmática, centrada na segurança e na autonomia económica em vez do simples reconhecimento de direitos formais. A abordagem adequada consiste em implementar uma dupla estratégia: por um lado, garantir a integridade física das mulheres através do reforço das estruturas de proteção contra a violência; por outro lado, eliminar os obstáculos à sua emancipação económica facilitando o seu acesso à formação e desenvolvendo serviços de cuidados infantis. No que diz respeito às minorias, a prioridade é integrá-las num plano de desenvolvimento territorial que valorize as suas terras de forma sustentável. Assim, isso permitiria construir uma sociedade em que a igualdade de oportunidades é uma realidade tangível, medida pela segurança e pela prosperidade de cada um, e não apenas um simples princípio jurídico."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "A ideia seria garantir a igualdade não como um princípio abstrato, mas como uma realidade tangível e juridicamente vinculativa, tornando o Estado intransigente face a qualquer forma de discriminação. A proteção das mulheres deve ser uma prioridade, com a implementação de standards nacionais para o acolhimento e a investigação nos comissariados, e a formação especializada dos agentes públicos. Paralelamente, a dignidade das minorias será assegurada por medidas concretas, como a simplificação dos procedimentos de alteração do nome de uso e a garantia de isonomia total dos direitos, nomeadamente em matéria de proteção social para casais do mesmo sexo. Assim, isso permitiria reforçar o Estado de direito ao assegurar uma aplicação efetiva das leis para todos, e construir uma sociedade onde a segurança e a dignidade não dependem nem do género, nem da orientação sexual."
}
] |
Qual abordagem adotar com relação à regulamentação do porte e da posse de armas?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "A ideia seria romper com a lógica do armamento individual como solução para a insegurança, reafirmando que a valorização da vida é a prioridade absoluta. A abordagem correta consiste em integrar um controle estrito da circulação de armas de fogo numa política nacional coordenada de redução dos homicídios e de desmantelamento das organizações criminosas. Em vez de delegar a segurança aos cidadãos, o esforço se concentrará no reforço das instituições do Estado e no uso da inteligência para desestruturar as redes ilegais. Assim, isso permitiria atacar as causas estruturais da violência letal e restabelecer o monopólio do Estado sobre o uso da força, criando um ambiente mais seguro para toda a população."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "A ideia seria garantir o direito fundamental dos cidadãos de assegurar a sua própria proteção, considerando que a capacidade de se defender constitui um pilar da segurança coletiva e da liberdade individual. A abordagem adequada consiste, portanto, não em restringir, mas em preservar e ampliar o acesso legal às armas para os cidadãos que preencham as condições exigidas. O eixo central é consolidar o quadro jurídico que garante esse direito, tratando-o como um instrumento de dissuasão essencial à segurança pública e à pacificação social. Esta política também reconhece o uso de armas num contexto desportivo e cultural. Assim, isso permitiria reforçar a capacidade da sociedade de enfrentar a violência, ao mesmo tempo em que consagra a responsabilidade individual como um complemento indispensável à ação do Estado."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "A ideia seria inverter a política de liberalização do acesso às armas, reafirmando o papel exclusivo do Estado no monopólio da força e na garantia da segurança. A abordagem prioritária consiste em revogar a totalidade dos decretos que enfraqueceram o controlo sobre o porte e a posse de armas. Esta medida será complementada por um reforço significativo da supervisão e da rastreabilidade das armas e munições em circulação. Assim, isso permitiria reduzir a disseminação das armas no seio da população e recentrar a estratégia de segurança no reforço das instituições públicas, em vez do armamento dos cidadãos."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "A ideia seria tratar a proliferação de armas de fogo como um problema de segurança nacional, considerando que a sua expansão e o seu uso estão hoje fora de controlo. A prioridade absoluta é, portanto, inverter essa tendência pela implementação de uma política rigorosa de gestão e de rastreabilidade das armas e das munições, apoiando-se em tecnologias avançadas. Esta abordagem visa desmantelar os circuitos de abastecimento que alimentam a criminalidade, em particular o crime organizado. Assim, isso permitiria reduzir a violência ao atacar diretamente os instrumentos que a tornam possível, em vez de favorecer uma disseminação que agrava a insegurança."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "A ideia seria recentrar a política de segurança no monopólio exclusivo da força pelo Estado, considerando que a resposta à criminalidade reside em instituições fortes em vez no armamento dos cidadãos. A abordagem correta consiste, portanto, em investir maciçamente na modernização das forças da ordem, na integração da inteligência e no desdobramento de tecnologias avançadas para a investigação criminal. A prioridade deve ser o desmantelamento das facções organizadas e o reforço do controle das fronteiras, tratando a regulação das armas como uma ferramenta estratégica para secar os canais de abastecimento do crime. Assim, isso permitiria reduzir a violência ao atacar as suas raízes organizadas, restaurando a segurança pública como uma prerrogativa régia eficaz em vez de uma responsabilidade individual."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "A ideia seria romper com qualquer política de disseminação de armas para reafirmar um controle estrito do Estado, considerando a circulação de armas de fogo como uma questão maior de segurança pública. A boa abordagem consiste em reconstruir a capacidade de regulação do Estado, instaurando um programa nacional de rastreabilidade efetiva para todas as armas e munições, desde sua produção ou importação até sua comercialização. Esse sistema será pilotado por uma autoridade civil reforçada e integrada com as demais bases de dados existentes, com um esforço direcionado ao desmantelamento do mercado ilegal. Assim, isso permitiria reduzir a disponibilidade de armas na criminalidade e restaurar a capacidade do Estado de regular uma área vital para a segurança dos cidadãos."
}
] |
Que estratégia deve ser implementada para combater a corrupção e reforçar a confiança nas instituições públicas?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "A ideia seria redefinir a luta contra a corrupção como uma ferramenta de boa governança, despolitizando-a radicalmente. A abordagem correta consiste em restaurar os instrumentos de controlo e de prevenção no estrito respeito do Estado de direito e das garantias fundamentais, assegurando que nunca sejam desviados para fins políticos. O esforço concentrar-se-á no reforço das instituições de controlo, como a Police Fédérale e a Inspection Générale, e na garantia de uma transparência absoluta pela reabertura do governo e pela aplicação da Loi sur l'Accès à l'Information. Assim, isso permitiria assegurar que os recursos públicos cheguem efetivamente ao destino, restaurando assim a confiança dos cidadãos em instituições cuja integridade está ao serviço da eficiência."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "A ideia seria instaurar uma cultura de tolerância zero à corrupção, com base em mecanismos sistémicos de prevenção, detecção e sanção. A abordagem consiste em combinar um reforço radical da transparência, tornando todas as despesas e agendas públicas, com a implementação de programas de integridade rigorosos no seio de cada entidade pública. Esta abordagem preventiva é complementada por uma política de sanção sistemática dos responsáveis e por mecanismos eficazes para a recuperação dos ativos desviados. Assim, isso permitiria reduzir significativamente a margem de manobra para atos ilícitos, ao mesmo tempo que restabeleceria a confiança dos cidadãos nas instituições pela prova de uma gestão rigorosa e responsável dos fundos públicos."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "A ideia seria substituir uma lógica repressiva por uma estratégia de prevenção sistêmica da corrupção, instaurando uma transparência radical como principal instrumento de controle cidadão. O eixo central é promover uma abertura total dos dados públicos, em particular daqueles relativos a contratos, compras públicas e empresas parceiras do Estado, apoiando-se na digitalização completa dos serviços públicos até 2026 para garantir a rastreabilidade. Paralelamente, uma política de tolerância zero se materializará pelo reforço dos órgãos de controle interno e pela exigência de programas de conformidade (compliance) em toda a administração. Assim, isso permitiria restaurar a confiança dos cidadãos em suas instituições, garantir a integridade da gestão pública e assegurar que cada recurso seja utilizado de maneira eficaz e transparente."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "A ideia seria romper com as práticas de corrupção sistémica instaurando uma transparência radical e restaurando a confiança nas instituições públicas. Para o conseguir, é imperativo suprimir as jurisdições especiais para os responsáveis políticos, com exceção dos chefes do poder, criminalizar o enriquecimento ilícito e levantar o segredo bancário e fiscal dos altos funcionários. Paralelamente, a confiança seria reforçada pela instauração de processos de seleção por mérito para os cargos de direção na administração e por uma transparência total das contas dos partidos políticos e dos contratos públicos, nomeadamente através de tecnologias de rastreio digital. Assim, isso permitiria romper com a impunidade, garantir um ambiente jurídico estável e previsível para os investimentos, e restabelecer a integridade da gestão pública."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "A ideia seria romper o vínculo entre o poder político e as instituições judiciais, a fim de garantir uma luta imparcial e eficaz contra a corrupção. A abordagem correta consiste em sanctuarizar as instituições-chave garantindo a autonomia da polícia e do ministério público por meio da instauração de mandatos por prazo determinado para os seus dirigentes, que só poderiam ser destituídos de suas funções por motivos objetivos e validados por comissões independentes. Essa independência estrutural deve ser complementada por duas reformas maiores: a supressão do foro privilegiado para todas as autoridades e a criação de uma Cour Nationale Anti-corruption especializada. Assim, isso permitiria despolitizar integralmente a luta contra a corrupção, transformando-a em uma função de Estado puramente técnica e imparcial, condição essencial para restaurar a confiança dos cidadãos nas instituições públicas."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "A ideia seria atacar as causas profundas da corrupção e da desconfiança, despolitizando as instituições de controlo e instaurando uma cultura de responsabilidade. A abordagem correta consiste em pôr fim à impunidade, tornando a sanção penal mais eficaz, nomeadamente pela aplicação da pena logo após a condenação em segunda instância e pela supressão das jurisdições de exceção. É essencial garantir a autonomia dos órgãos de investigação, como a polícia federal, por mandatos fixos e independentes do poder político, e profissionalizar as instâncias de controlo nomeando nelas servidores de carreira. Essa abordagem deve ser complementada por uma transparência radical da ação pública e por um endurecimento das penas para os crimes contra o Estado. Assim, isso permitiria restaurar a credibilidade do Estado de direito e reconstruir um vínculo de confiança duradouro entre os cidadãos e suas instituições."
}
] |
Como o país deve conciliar a liberdade de expressão e a responsabilidade no uso dos meios de comunicação e das redes sociais?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva",
"value": "A ideia seria refundar o pacto democrático em torno da informação, tratando a liberdade de expressão não como um absoluto, mas como um direito cujo exercício implica uma responsabilidade coletiva. A abordagem adequada consiste em promover um amplo debate legislativo para finalmente regulamentar o setor. O objetivo é dotar o sistema judiciário de ferramentas eficazes para agir contra as plataformas que difundem mentiras e mensagens antidemocráticas, ao mesmo tempo em que se garante a neutralidade da rede e a pluralidade da informação. Essa abordagem será acompanhada de uma proteção reforçada dos jornalistas e da liberdade de imprensa. Assim, isso permitiria conciliar a mais ampla liberdade de imprensa com a coesão democrática, garantindo que o espaço digital favoreça o debate pluralista em vez do ódio e da desinformação."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jair Bolsonaro",
"value": "A ideia seria consagrar a liberdade de expressão como um pilar fundamental e inegociável da democracia, considerando-a como o motor do debate contraditório e do aperfeiçoamento das instituições. O eixo central é posicionar o Estado como o garante ativo dessa liberdade, e não como um árbitro dos conteúdos. Em vez de instaurar mecanismos de controlo ou de regulação, a prioridade é estimular e proteger a expressão das ideias, incluindo aquelas que são minoritárias ou controversas, em todos os suportes, incluindo a imprensa e as redes sociais. Assim, isso permitiria nutrir uma dinâmica intelectual saudável, reforçar o pensamento crítico e favorecer um diálogo constante, considerados indispensáveis à vitalidade da sociedade."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Simone Tebet",
"value": "A ideia seria garantir a liberdade de expressão como um pilar da democracia, ao mesmo tempo em que se assegura que ela não se torne um vetor de destruição do debate público e das instituições. A abordagem correta consiste em apoiar-se na solidez do Estado de direito e no respeito às leis existentes, em vez de criar uma legislação de exceção. O tratamento dos abusos deve caber à aplicação rigorosa do quadro legal por instituições judiciais independentes, protegendo os cidadãos contra a calúnia, o ódio e a desinformação criminosa. A ação pública deve concentrar-se na promoção de um diálogo cívico sereno e na defesa da pluralidade. Assim, isso permitiria preservar um espaço público saudável, onde a liberdade é solidamente garantida e onde a responsabilidade é assegurada pelo direito comum, reforçando a confiança no debate democrático."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Ciro Gomes",
"value": "A ideia seria conciliar a liberdade de expressão com a promoção da soberania cultural na era digital, concentrando-se na regulação económica das plataformas em vez do controlo dos conteúdos individuais. A abordagem adequada consiste em regular os serviços de streaming, segundo o modelo europeu, para garantir um investimento obrigatório na produção local independente e assegurar uma melhor visibilidade dessas obras. Em vez de restringir as trocas, a estratégia aposta no apoio aos criadores de conteúdos digitais nacionais e na democratização do acesso à internet e às ferramentas de comunicação. Assim, isso permitiria reforçar a identidade cultural e a diversidade dos conteúdos disponíveis, moldando um ecossistema mediático mais equilibrado sem prejudicar as liberdades fundamentais."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Soraya Thronicke",
"value": "A ideia seria garantir um debate público saudável aplicando rigorosamente o quadro legal existente aos abusos cometidos online, em vez de criar mecanismos de controlo de conteúdos que ameaçassem as liberdades. A abordagem correta consiste em reforçar as capacidades de investigação da polícia e da justiça para identificar e sancionar os autores de infrações, em conformidade com o direito comum. Paralelamente, a prioridade é investir massivamente na educação cívica e no desenvolvimento do espírito crítico no âmbito do sistema escolar, a fim de tornar os cidadãos menos vulneráveis à manipulação e à desinformação. Assim, isso permitiria conciliar a proteção da liberdade de expressão com a necessária sanção dos delitos, fazendo da lei o único árbitro e da educação o principal baluarte contra os desvios."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Luiz Felipe d’Avila",
"value": "A ideia seria reafirmar a liberdade de expressão como um princípio inegociável, onde a responsabilidade emerge da transparência e do debate público em vez da regulação estatal. A abordagem correta consiste em impor uma transparência radical à ação governamental, ampliando a lei de acesso à informação para armar os cidadãos e uma imprensa livre contra a desinformação. O Estado deve se posicionar como garant dessa liberdade, abstendo-se de qualquer intervenção no conteúdo e deixando ao poder judiciário o cuidado de sancionar os abusos comprovados no respeito às leis fundamentais. Assim, isso permitiria favorecer um ecossistema mediático robusto, onde a confiança se constrói pela livre confrontação de ideias e pela prestação de contas do poder, e não pela censura."
}
] |
Should a strict limit be imposed on the number of migrant arrivals each year?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Philippe Poutou",
"value": "The idea would be to base migration policy on the universal principle of freedom of movement and settlement, breaking with any logic of quantitatively managing flows. The priority is to guarantee a dignified and unconditional reception to anyone arriving on the territory, abolishing distinctions between reasons for migration. This approach entails opening the borders, initiating a process of regularization for all undocumented residents and guaranteeing them access to the full range of social and political rights, including the right to vote in all elections. In this way, it would help put an end to situations of precarity and unequal treatment, ensuring that fundamental rights apply to every individual, without condition of nationality."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Marine Le Pen",
"value": "The idea would be to replace a quota-based logic, often ineffective, with a sovereign reassertion of control over the conditions of entry and residence on the territory. The objective is to move from endured immigration to a policy strictly defined by the nation's interests. The right approach is to amend the constitutional framework by referendum in order to entrench migration rules. This reform will aim to make family reunification an exception, to condition residence on employment and to systematize the expulsion of foreigners in an irregular situation, delinquents or criminals. The principle of national priority for access to social housing and certain benefits will complete the reduction of attractiveness factors. Thus, this would allow a drastic and structural reduction of flows, achieved by a change of legal paradigm rather than by the simple setting of an annual ceiling."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
"value": "The idea would be to address the root causes of departures rather than to establish numerical ceilings, which ignore humanitarian, climate and economic crises. The most coherent approach is to oppose unequal trade agreements and to work for peace and the sovereignty of peoples, in order to guarantee everyone the possibility of living with dignity in their country. On national territory, the priority is to condition reception on a sufficient number of accommodation facilities and to guarantee an individual and thorough examination of each situation, by repealing the legislative measures that obstruct it. Thus, this would make it possible to build a humanist and realistic policy, reducing forced migrations at their source while ensuring a dignified reception respectful of international law."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Valérie Pécresse",
"value": "The idea would be to replace uncontrolled immigration with a managed policy, based on the country's needs and its reception capacity. The central approach consists of establishing annual quotas, debated in Parliament, which would set numerical ceilings by professional categories and by country of origin. This needs-based steering would be made effective by abolishing automatic mechanisms, notably for family reunification and the acquisition of nationality by right of the soil, which would become conditional. In addition, no regularization of persons who entered the territory illegally would be carried out. Thus, this would allow migratory flows to be aligned with the nation's strategic interests and integration capacities."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Fabien Roussel",
"value": "The idea would be to replace a logic of numerical quotas with an approach based on respect for international law and human dignity. The priority is to establish legal and secure access routes for people forced into exile by wars, dictatorships or climate crises. Reception would be managed by strengthened public services, guaranteeing a fair processing of asylum applications and an active policy of regularization for workers already integrated into the territory. This approach involves renegotiating European agreements in this area to ensure a coherent application of international conventions. Thus, this would allow a controlled and humane management of migration, by promoting integration and effectively combating exploitation and clandestinity."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Eric Zemmour",
"value": "The idea would be to aim for net immigration close to zero rather than be limited to an annual quota. The central approach consists of drying up flows at the source by eliminating automatic rights such as family reunification and by reducing the right of asylum to around a hundred cases per year, processed from abroad. For other categories, a strict merit-based selection would be applied, notably for students, and obtaining a visa conditioned on a financial guarantee for nationals of the countries of origin of clandestine immigration. At the same time, it is essential to remove pull factors, such as non-contributory social benefits for non-European foreigners, and to abolish birthright citizenship. Thus, this would allow a systemic break with settler immigration, replacing it with a selected and drastically limited immigration."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jean Lassalle",
"value": "The idea would be to replace a quota-based logic, often unenforceable, with effective control of migratory flows. The priority is to significantly strengthen the human and material resources of customs and border forces, where irregular entries are concentrated. This approach is accompanied by strict respect for the right to asylum, which remains a fundamental principle. In parallel, determined action must be taken on the root causes of departures, by supporting development and establishing equitable partnerships with countries of origin. Thus, this would allow for a sustainable and controlled regulation of arrivals, based on the State's real capacity to enforce the law and not on an arbitrary numerical threshold."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Anne Hidalgo",
"value": "The idea would be to replace a logic of fixed ceilings with a humane, solidarity-based and effective migration policy, focused on the effective management of procedures rather than on quantitative limits. The central approach is to rebuild the European asylum system on a principle of solidarity between States, proportionate to their actual reception capacities. At the national level, the priority is to ensure a balanced distribution of applicants across the territory, to control case processing times, and to relaunch an active integration policy from the moment of arrival. This will in particular rely on access to employment and on enhanced language training pathways. Thus, this would make it possible to manage flows calmly and thoughtfully, while more effectively combating clandestine routes through well-managed procedures."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Yannick Jadot",
"value": "The idea would be to replace a quota-based logic with an organized and dignified reception policy. The issue is not to set an arbitrary threshold, but to build peaceful pathways of integration in accordance with fundamental rights. The right approach is to open legal and safe channels, notably through work visas, to avoid dangerous exile routes. Priority will be given to the broad regularization of undocumented workers in order to recognize their contribution and end their precariousness. At the same time, the processing of asylum applications will be accelerated and humanized, by allowing work during the procedure and guaranteeing access to healthcare without a waiting period. Thus, this would make migration an issue of integration and rights, and not a police matter, by building a fairer and more solidaristic society."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Nicolas Dupont-Aignan",
"value": "The idea would be to regulate entries by means of strict control levers rather than by displaying an annual quota. To achieve this, the priority is to restore full sovereignty at the borders by withdrawing from the Schengen agreements. The processing of asylum applications would be limited to border posts, with immediate enforcement of refusal decisions. Simultaneously, pull factors would be reduced by introducing a five-year waiting period for access to social benefits and ending the automaticity of birthright citizenship for obtaining nationality. Thus, this would make it possible to sustainably control migratory flows by acting on the causes and conditions of entry, guaranteeing an effective and controlled decrease in arrivals."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Emmanuel Macron",
"value": "The idea would be to favor control of migration flows based on clear rules rather than to institute an annual quantitative cap. The right approach is to strengthen border control, both at the European and national levels, and to drastically speed up the processing of asylum and residence applications to quickly distinguish eligible persons. The granting of a long-stay residence permit must be strictly conditional on objective criteria, notably passing a French exam and effective professional integration. Decisions to refuse and expel foreigners who disturb public order will be enforced firmly. Thus, this would ensure regulated immigration by focusing on the quality of integration and the effectiveness of the law rather than on a logic of quotas."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Nathalie Arthaud",
"value": "The idea would be to reject any logic of quotas or limitation, which pits workers against one another to the benefit of a minority. The priority is to guarantee total freedom of movement and settlement for everyone, recognizing that the presence of immigrant workers is indispensable to the functioning of many essential economic sectors. The fair approach is to strengthen the rights of all residents, notably by granting the right to vote, so as not to create artificial divisions. The true solution lies in the unity of workers, regardless of their nationality. Thus, this would allow concentrating efforts on defending common interests rather than giving in to divisive logic."
}
] |
Should the use of euthanasia and/or assisted suicide be allowed under certain regulated medical conditions?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Philippe Poutou",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee every individual full control over their body and destiny, including in the choice of the conditions of their own end of life. The right approach is to recognize a universal and unconditional right to euthanasia and assisted suicide, by integrating it as a fundamental freedom guaranteed by the public health service. To achieve this, the priority is to make it freely accessible to any person of legal age and with decision-making capacity who requests it, without this decision being subject to restrictive medical conditions. This right must be accompanied by a parallel strengthening of palliative care, so that the choice is always free and never dictated by the absence of alternatives in the face of suffering. Thus, this would make it possible to ensure a dignified and chosen end of life, placing the individual's sovereign will above any other consideration."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Marine Le Pen",
"value": "The idea would be to decree a pause on major societal debates in order to preserve the unity of the country, today fractured over ethical issues. The right approach is to establish a legislative moratorium of at least three years on any evolution of the end-of-life framework. This suspension aims to avoid further divisions and to concentrate public action on economic, social, and security emergencies. The legal framework in force would be scrupulously respected, and any future changes on these matters of conscience could, at the end of this period, be subject to a direct consultation of the citizens. Thus, this would help guarantee civil stability while restoring the people's voice to decide the most fundamental questions."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee to each person the right to choose their end of life with dignity, in application of the principle of individual liberty. The appropriate approach is to authorize active assistance in dying for people suffering from incurable illnesses who express a free, conscious and reiterated will. This fundamental right must be strictly regulated by law and its implementation ensured by the public health service, while simultaneously guaranteeing universal and strengthened access to palliative care to alleviate suffering. In this way, it would make it possible to put an end to inhuman situations of distress and to ensure respect for the individual's sovereign will until the end."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Valérie Pécresse",
"value": "The idea would be to respond to the suffering of people at the end of life with a surge of solidarity and support, rather than with an ethical rupture. The absolute priority is to guarantee universal access to quality palliative care, by massively developing dedicated units, mobile teams and home hospitalization to effectively relieve pain. The challenge is to strengthen human and financial resources to enable everyone to live their final moments in dignity, surrounded and comforted. The proposed path is that of care and unconditional support, and not the one that would make assisted death an option. Thus, this would reaffirm respect for life until its end as a fundamental principle of society."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Fabien Roussel",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee a dignified end of life through strengthened human and medical support rather than to legislate on the conditions of death. The priority is to build a true public end-of-life service by massively expanding access to palliative care both in hospitals and at home. It involves investing in care facilities for the elderly and ensuring comprehensive management of dependency, so that the choice is never dictated by loneliness, poorly managed pain, or material considerations. The challenge is to give everyone the means to live their final moments in serenity. Thus, this would make it possible to address the anxiety of decline through a surge of collective solidarity and an effective right to high-quality care."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Eric Zemmour",
"value": "The idea would be to respond to end-of-life suffering not by authorizing assisted death, but by an unconditional commitment to accompaniment. The priority is to guarantee universal and effective access to palliative care, by creating dedicated units throughout the territory so that no one is abandoned in the face of pain. This approach aims to strengthen solidarity toward the most vulnerable rather than to legislate on irreversible solutions. It is about making dignity effective through care and human support until the natural end of life, treating distress without responding to it with abandonment. Thus, this would make it possible to reaffirm the principle of protecting the most vulnerable and to offer a humane and concrete response to the great anguish of the end of life."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jean Lassalle",
"value": "The idea would be to prioritize humane and dignified support for life until its natural end, rather than legislate on practices of euthanasia or assisted suicide. The central focus is to massively strengthen the provision of palliative care across the entire territory, guaranteeing universal and local access to these services. This implies training and recruiting more specialized professionals, supporting caregivers, and ensuring comprehensive management of pain and physical and psychological suffering. The State must ensure that no one is left alone in the face of illness or dependency, by consolidating social bonds and intergenerational solidarity. Thus, this would make it possible to offer everyone a peaceful end of life respectful of human dignity, without having to consider lethal solutions."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Anne Hidalgo",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee everyone the freedom to choose a dignified end of life, putting an end to the current situation that forces fellow citizens to go abroad to die according to their wishes. To achieve this, a new law will be proposed in the first months of the five-year term. It will rest on three inseparable pillars: the absolute respect of the patient's will, made effective by binding advance directives; the guarantee of universal access to quality palliative care throughout the territory; and the establishment of a right to access active assistance in dying for people who have made that choice in full consciousness and in complete freedom. Thus, this would offer a secure and humane legal framework that articulates the right to patient autonomy with a duty of solidarity and accompaniment for all until the last moments."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Yannick Jadot",
"value": "The idea would be to enshrine the right to die with dignity as a fundamental freedom. The issue is to no longer leave the medical profession alone in the face of human suffering. The proper approach is to put in place a legal framework that allows each person to express their wish to end their life voluntarily and without judgment, notably by refusing treatments they no longer desire. This démarche must be founded on the sole will of the individual. Thus, this would make it possible to guarantee everyone's autonomy in the face of suffering and to ensure that personal decision prevails."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Nicolas Dupont-Aignan",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee a dignified end of life through support and care, by strengthening solidarity with the most vulnerable people rather than by legalizing euthanasia or assisted suicide. The priority is to invest massively in care facilities, to adapt housing to facilitate remaining at home, and to significantly increase staffing levels in EHPADs to ensure quality care and a human presence. The central focus is to support caregivers and to guarantee the dignity of residents. Thus, this would make it possible to offer a humane response to suffering, by improving quality of life until its natural end rather than by organizing its end."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Emmanuel Macron",
"value": "The idea would be to address the question of end-of-life through a process of consultation rather than by a hasty decision. The right approach is to launch a citizens' convention that will bring together citizens, specialists in ethics and professionals in order to carry out a thorough reflection on this complex subject. The objective is to build a balanced and shared solution that guarantees a more humane and dignified end of life for all. This process will make it possible to define a clear framework accepted by the community. Thus, it would allow a national consensus to emerge on the modalities of accompaniment, ensuring that any future legislative change is the result of a democratic and peaceful debate."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Nathalie Arthaud",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee everyone the material means to live with dignity until the end, rather than focusing on the legal conditions of death. The central axis is a massive reinvestment in the public health system, particularly in palliative care and the support of elderly or sick people. This implies the creation of positions, the revaluation of caregivers' salaries and the opening of beds in hospitals and EHPADs, so that the end of life is never synonymous with abandonment or suffering for lack of means. The priority is to tackle the deterioration of the health system, which is the consequence of budgetary choices. Thus, this would make it possible to address the question of end of life on humane and genuinely dignified grounds, by ensuring that everyone has access to the best available treatments and quality support."
}
] |
Should the electoral system for legislative elections be reformed to introduce some proportional representation?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Philippe Poutou",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee a parliamentary representation that is the exact and faithful reflection of the electorate, by abandoning the majoritarian voting mechanisms that distort the popular will. The right approach is not to correct the current system with a mere dose of proportional representation, but to establish full proportional representation as the sole electoral system for all elections. The objective is to ensure a strict equivalence between the percentage of votes obtained by each political force and the number of seats allocated to it, without an electoral threshold that would exclude minority currents. Thus, this would make it possible to guarantee the fair representation of all political sensibilities and to restore the democratic legitimacy of elected assemblies."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Marine Le Pen",
"value": "The idea would be to prioritize governmental stability and effectiveness rather than to change the electoral system. The issue is not the arithmetic representativeness of parties, but the State's ability to implement a program of national recovery. Introducing a dose of proportional representation would risk leading to chronic instability, coalition governments and paralyzing compromises, contrary to the need for clear leadership. Popular will on major societal issues should instead be expressed through tools of direct democracy, such as the referendum. In this way, it would be possible to preserve an electoral system that produces clear and stable majorities, an indispensable condition for carrying out the necessary breakthrough reforms."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee a faithful representation of the electorate in the assembly, so that its composition truly reflects the diversity of the country's opinions and puts an end to the distortions of the majoritarian electoral system. The right approach is to establish full proportional representation for the election of deputies. This change of electoral system is the pillar of a stable parliamentary regime where sovereignty truly belongs to the people, breaking with a logic that concentrates power and sidelines citizens from decisions. Thus, this would make it possible to restore popular sovereignty and to guarantee that each vote carries equal weight in the formation of national representation, an essential condition for democratic vitality."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Valérie Pécresse",
"value": "The idea would be to prioritize the stability of institutions and the capacity to govern decisively, rather than to seek a fragmented representation of currents of opinion. The priority is to preserve an electoral system that produces clear and coherent majorities, an indispensable condition for carrying out large-scale reforms over the course of a term. The majoritarian electoral system guarantees a direct and accountable link between the elected representative and their constituency, an anchor deemed essential to democratic vitality. Introducing a degree of proportional representation would risk weakening the executive by encouraging unstable coalitions and perpetual compromises. Thus, this would help ensure the effectiveness of public action and avoid institutional paralysis."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Fabien Roussel",
"value": "The idea would be to break with presidentialism by restoring full sovereignty to Parliament, which requires a reform of national representation. The right approach is to introduce full proportional representation in order to guarantee an accurate reflection of the different political currents and their electoral influences. This reform would be accompanied by the abolition of the election of the president by universal suffrage and by a primacy given to the Assemblée Nationale to invest the government. A status of the elected official and a strict renewal of mandates would also be put in place to encourage the involvement of popular categories and diversity. Thus, this would make it possible to restore confidence in politics by ensuring a faithful and egalitarian representation of the people in the institutions."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Eric Zemmour",
"value": "The idea would be to address democratic distrust at its root by returning decision-making power to the people, rather than relying on a mere change to the voting system. The priority is to restore popular sovereignty through the regular use of referendums on fundamental questions, thereby allowing major national issues to be decided directly. At the same time, the territorial anchoring of elected officials must be strengthened by restoring the possibility for mayors to hold a parliamentary mandate. This dual approach aims to ensure that the will of citizens is heard directly and that their representatives remain connected to on-the-ground realities. Thus, this would make it possible to refound the democratic pact on the basis of clear responsibility, where the voice of the people takes precedence over party-machine logics."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jean Lassalle",
"value": "The idea would be to restore a direct and authentic bond of trust between elected officials and citizens, rather than diluting responsibility through a change in the voting system. The right approach is to revitalize democracy through tools of direct oversight and intervention, by instituting the citizen-initiated referendum and the full recognition of the blank vote. These mechanisms return power to the people. At the same time, reinstating the holding of multiple mandates for parliamentarians will anchor their action in local realities, strengthening their accountability to the voters of a constituency. Thus, this would help consolidate an embodied and responsible democracy, rendering unnecessary any reform that favors the arithmetic of parties."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Anne Hidalgo",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee a fairer representation of the diversity of political opinions within Parliament, in order to make it more legitimate and to rebalance powers. The central axis of this reform is the introduction of a mixed electoral system for legislative elections, similar to the German system, ensuring that a portion of deputies are elected proportionally. To restore the full weight of this election, it would take place before the presidential election. Thus, this would allow France to have an Assemblée nationale that more faithfully reflects the country's pluralism and to revitalize the democratic debate."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Yannick Jadot",
"value": "The idea would be to make proportional representation the norm for all elections in order to ensure a better alignment between citizens' votes and the composition of assemblies. The right approach is to initiate a debate on the precise modalities for legislative elections, moving toward a mixed electoral system inspired by the German model, combining local constituencies and a national list. This principle would be extended to all elections to establish a fairer and clearer electoral framework. Thus, this would help strengthen the democratic legitimacy of elected officials while ensuring the implementation of a system that is both simple and stable."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Nicolas Dupont-Aignan",
"value": "The idea would be to correct the imperfections of the majoritarian electoral system in order to guarantee a fairer representation of the full range of currents of opinion. The proper approach is to introduce a mixed system, by allocating a significant share of the seats through proportional representation. The objective is to dedicate 100 deputy seats out of 500 to this voting method, which would allow political forces that are currently underrepresented to gain access to the Parlement. This reform aims to combine the stability brought by the majoritarian system with better representativeness. Thus, it would help strengthen the legitimacy of the Assemblée nationale and revitalize the democratic debate."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Emmanuel Macron",
"value": "The idea would be to overcome the political deadlocks that have so far hindered the modernization of our institutions. The right approach is to change the method by convening a transpartisan convention charged with proposing a comprehensive institutional reform.[1] The objective is to ensure that Parliament more faithfully reflects the diversity of societal sensibilities, while strengthening its oversight role and democratic vitality.[1] This dialogue will make it possible to define the contours of a new balanced electoral system. Thus, this would allow building a broad consensus for a reform that ensures both fairer representation and greater effectiveness of public action."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Nathalie Arthaud",
"value": "The idea would be to break with an electoral system designed to stifle the diversity of political opinions and to artificially guarantee power to the large parties. The right approach is to establish authentically democratic representation by adopting full proportional representation at the national level. This voting system would guarantee that each vote carries equal weight in the composition of the assembly, thereby ensuring faithful representation of all political currents, notably those who defend the interests of the world of work. The objective is that political representation be the true reflection of society. Thus, this would make it possible to break the monopoly of established parties and to give a voice to millions of citizens who do not have one today."
}
] |
Should the legal retirement age be lowered, maintained or raised?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Philippe Poutou",
"value": "The idea would be to break with a purely accounting logic to guarantee the right to a healthy retirement, by recognizing the disparity of careers and occupational wear and tear. The central axis is to lower the legal retirement age to 60 for everyone, with a right to early retirement set at 55 for all occupations recognized as arduous. This advance must be financed by a reorientation of the wealth produced, by increasing the share of profits allocated to the financing of social protection. In this way, it would free up years of healthy life, reduce inequalities at the end of careers and create jobs for younger people."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Marine Le Pen",
"value": "The idea would be to substitute a uniform statutory age with a fairer system based on career length and the age of entry into working life. The objective is to recognize the diversity of professional paths and the arduousness associated with long careers. The right approach is to guarantee a right to retire from age 60 for all people who began working before the age of 20, provided that they have contributed 40 annuities. For others, the retirement age and the length of contributions will be determined by the age of entry into the labor market, instituting an equitable progression. Thus, this would make it possible to reward early work and to adapt the system to lived realities rather than to apply a rigid and blind rule."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee to everyone the right to retire at a reasonable age and with a dignified pension, considering that time for rest is not an economic adjustment variable but a fundamental social right. The proper approach is therefore to restore the retirement age to 60 years for a full pension, conditioned on 40 years of contributions. To ensure an adequate standard of living, no pension resulting from a full career may be lower than the revalued SMIC and the minimum vieillesse will be raised to the level of the poverty threshold. The amount of pensions will moreover be indexed to wages. Thus, this would ensure that workers, and notably those who started early or carried out arduous jobs, can enjoy a well-deserved rest in good health."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Valérie Pécresse",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee the long-term sustainability of the pension system and to ensure better equity between generations by adjusting the length of working life. The central focus is a gradual increase of the statutory retirement age to 65, a goal to be achieved by 2030. This change will be fair, as it will take into account long careers and the hardship of certain jobs, allowing early departures for those who have contributed the most or worked in arduous professions. In parallel, the system will be made more solidarity-based by guaranteeing that no pension can be lower than the SMIC net for a full career. Thus, this would help financially consolidate the pay-as-you-go model while valuing work and protecting the most modest workers."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Fabien Roussel",
"value": "The idea would be to bring the legal retirement age back to 60, considering that increased life expectancy should improve overall quality of life rather than simply extend working time. The central objective is to guarantee a full pension from age 60 for anyone who can justify a complete career. The calculation of this pension would be based on the ten best years of income, with a target of 75% of net income, while providing for early exit provisions for arduous occupations and long careers. Thus, this would free up jobs for younger people while restoring a principle of social justice that links economic progress and workers' well-being."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Eric Zemmour",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee the sustainability of the pay-as-you-go system by adjusting its parameters to demographic and financial reality. The approach consists in gradually raising the statutory retirement age to set it at 64 years by 2030, a measure complemented by increasing the required contribution period by one year. In order to preserve fairness, provisions for early retirement for long careers and arduous occupations would be maintained. This reform is presented as unavoidable to avoid a reduction in pensions or an increase in contributions that would weigh on competitiveness. Thus, this would make it possible to secure the system over the long term while achieving substantial budgetary savings."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jean Lassalle",
"value": "The idea would be to replace the rigid notion of legal age with a system based on the duration of contributions, fairer and adapted to each person's career. The proper approach is to define the retirement age according to the number of contributory years, allowing rights to be accrued from the earliest age, including during periods of training or work-study. A dedicated body will ensure simple and transparent monitoring of the points accumulated throughout one’s professional life, guaranteeing predictability for each worker. Thus, this would help to sustainably preserve the pay-as-you-go system while adapting it to demographic realities and diversified life paths, ensuring a fair transition from the baby boom to the grandparent boom."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Anne Hidalgo",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee a right to a dignified retirement without imposing an extension of the length of working life, based on the assumption that the sustainability of the system is not threatened. The central focus is therefore maintaining the statutory retirement age, which will be capped at 62 years. This guarantee is accompanied by strengthened consideration of arduousness, with the reinstatement of the four removed criteria (handling heavy loads, awkward postures, mechanical vibrations, chemical agents). In parallel, small pensions will be revalued to ensure an adequate standard of living for the elderly. Thus, this would help consolidate a fair pension system that particularly protects workers who have had the most difficult careers, without penalizing all active workers."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Yannick Jadot",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee a right to retirement that takes into account the reality of careers rather than postponing a uniform legal age. The issue is to stop turning gains in life expectancy into additional working time. The right approach is to set a maximum retirement age at 62, while significantly strengthening measures addressing arduousness. This mechanism will allow those who have had the most difficult careers to leave earlier, by recognizing occupational wear and tear. The objective is to guarantee a minimum pension at the level of the SMIC to live with dignity. Thus, this would make it possible to build a solidarity-based pension system that protects the most exposed workers and ensures everyone a decent pension, by refusing to make the extension of working life the only adjustment variable."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Nicolas Dupont-Aignan",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee the sustainability of the pension system and to ensure a decent standard of living for seniors, by focusing on raising pensions rather than on changing the statutory retirement age. The priority is to protect retirees' purchasing power by systematically indexing pensions to inflation. The central focus is to preserve the pay-as-you-go system to ensure that those who have worked all their lives can live in dignity, surrounded by their loved ones. Thus, this would help secure the intergenerational pact without imposing an extension of contribution periods, by focusing on the fair reward for the work accomplished."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Emmanuel Macron",
"value": "The idea would be to lengthen the duration of working life to ensure the sustainability of our pay-as-you-go pension system. The right approach is to gradually raise the statutory retirement age to 65, while ensuring fair consideration of cases of disability, and of long or arduous careers. The objective is to guarantee equity between generations and to finance our social model. This reform will be accompanied by the elimination of the main special pension schemes for new entrants, in order to converge toward a simpler and fairer system. Thus, this would make it possible to secure the payment of pensions while consolidating public finances."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Nathalie Arthaud",
"value": "The idea would be to put an end to the aberration of forcing older workers to wear themselves out at work while millions of young people are unemployed. The right approach is to lower the legal retirement age, setting it at 60 years at most, as part of a policy to distribute the available work among all generations. To achieve this, it is imperative to guarantee decent pensions, with a minimum threshold of 2 000 euros net, so that retirement is never synonymous with precarity. The priority is to make this right a genuine well-deserved rest and a lever to achieve full employment. Thus, this would guarantee both a future for youth and a dignified end of career for the elders."
}
] |
Should the share of nuclear power in the French energy mix be increased?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Philippe Poutou",
"value": "The idea would be to break radically with the current energy model, considering nuclear power as a dangerous technology and a false solution in the face of the climate emergency. The central axis is to commit to a planned and total phase-out of nuclear power within ten years, starting with the immediate closure of all reactors over forty years old. This transition must rely on the complete socialization of the energy sector in order to steer massive investment into renewable energies, with the objective of reaching 100% of the energy mix by 2050, all combined with an energy sobriety plan. Thus, this would make it possible to guarantee genuine energy and ecological security, by placing this strategic sector under the democratic control of workers and the population."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Marine Le Pen",
"value": "The idea would be to make nuclear power the central and indispensable pillar of national energy sovereignty, in order to guarantee a decarbonized, dispatchable electricity production at a controlled cost. The priority is to fully preserve the existing fleet and to extend its lifespan, while promptly initiating the renewal of the reactors. This strategic approach also involves relaunching research into future technologies, notably fast-neutron reactors and small modular reactors. By contrast, a moratorium on any new wind power construction will be instituted. Thus, this would consolidate a sector of excellence, secure the country's supply, and reaffirm France's independence."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
"value": "The idea would be to reject any increase in the share of nuclear power, considered a dangerous and outdated energy, and to commit resolutely to an energy transition based exclusively on renewable energy sources. The right approach is to plan a complete and orderly phase-out of the nuclear fleet, immediately abandoning any project for a new plant. The objective is to reach 100% renewable energy by 2050, relying on a public energy authority to steer massive investments in efficiency, sobriety and future sectors, while organizing the retraining of the workers concerned. Thus, this would make it possible to build a sustainable and sovereign energy model, freed from the risk of accidents and the problem of waste."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Valérie Pécresse",
"value": "The idea would be to make nuclear power the pillar of energy sovereignty and the decarbonization of the economy. The right approach is to launch an ambitious recovery plan based on two pillars: on the one hand, the construction of at least six new EPR reactors to modernize our fleet; on the other hand, a program of massive investments to extend the life of existing power plants. This deployment will be complemented by the resumption of next-generation reactor projects. The objective is to guarantee abundant, dispatchable electricity that is independent of foreign markets. Thus, this would secure the country's supply while achieving carbon neutrality objectives."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Fabien Roussel",
"value": "The idea would be to consider nuclear power as a major asset for building a 100% public and decarbonized energy mix capable of meeting climate and industrial challenges. The central strategy is to commit to strong growth in electricity production, planning the construction of at least six new EPR reactors while investing heavily in renewable energies, notably hydropower, solar and wind. The entire energy sector would be consolidated within a large public hub, from production to distribution, in order to guarantee national sovereignty and remove this common good from speculation. Thus, this would make it possible to secure a low-carbon, accessible energy supply while revitalizing an industrial sector of the future."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Eric Zemmour",
"value": "The idea would be to make nuclear power the indisputable foundation of energy sovereignty, breaking with the policy of reducing its share in order to guarantee abundant, decarbonized, and cost-controlled electricity. The approach involves canceling the scheduled shutdown of reactors and extending the lifespan of the existing fleet to a minimum of 60 years. In parallel, a large renewal program will be launched, with the construction of at least 14 new EPR2-type reactors by 2050 and support for the development of small reactors (SMR). Public funding will be reoriented by stopping any new wind project, onshore as well as offshore. Thus, this would make it possible to restore strategic independence, guarantee competitive energy prices, and revive an industrial sector of excellence."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jean Lassalle",
"value": "The idea would be to reaffirm nuclear power as the foundation of the nation's sovereignty and energy transition. The approach consists of a twofold movement: the renovation and a 25-year extension of the current nuclear fleet, coupled with the development and construction of fourth-generation power plants, which are safer. This effort is accompanied by a strategic investment in very long-term fusion technologies, as illustrated by the ITER project. At the same time, the deployment of wind power will be stopped for projects not approved by mayors after consultation with residents, while research on photovoltaic solar and marine energies will be intensified. Thus, this would make it possible to guarantee, in the long term, a decarbonized, dispatchable energy supply independent of geopolitical hazards, while controlling land-use planning."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Anne Hidalgo",
"value": "The idea would be to commit resolutely to a 100 % renewable energy model to achieve the complete decarbonization of our electricity production. The strategy therefore consists in refusing the construction of new reactors, whether EPR or small modular reactors, in order to devote the bulk of public investments to renewable sectors. The existing nuclear fleet will be managed as a transitional energy source, without a hasty exit so as to avoid a surge in prices. The extension of the lifespan of the current plants will be decided under the exclusive control of the Autorité de sûreté nucléaire and Parliament. Thus, this would allow for planning a gradual phase-out of nuclear power, while guaranteeing security of supply and at the same time irreversibly accelerating the deployment of the energies of the future."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Yannick Jadot",
"value": "The idea would be to embark on a planned phase-out of nuclear power, a technology deemed to have no future, costly and dangerous. The central axis is a comprehensive energy transition toward a 100 % renewable mix by 2050, or even as early as 2040, mobilizing national industrial and technological know-how. To achieve this, the existing fleet must be managed responsibly, by progressively dismantling reactors older than 40 years and ensuring a transparent waste management plan. Thus, this would enable reaching carbon neutrality by relying on future energy sources, while freeing itself from a sector that represents a considerable risk and an industrial fiasco."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Nicolas Dupont-Aignan",
"value": "The idea would be to make nuclear energy the pillar of strategic sovereignty and the ecological transition. The right approach is to break with the objective of reducing its share in electricity production by setting a minimum floor of 70%. To achieve this, the sector must be totally controlled by the public authorities, by nationalizing the main operator and recreating an independent research and industrial center of excellence. Efforts must also focus on the future, through a thirty-year plan to develop the Thorium sector. Thus, this would guarantee abundant, affordable, and decarbonized electricity, while restoring complete energy and technological independence."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Emmanuel Macron",
"value": "The idea would be to reaffirm the central role of nuclear energy as a pillar of our energy sovereignty and of the ecological transition. The right approach is to embark on an ambitious program to build six new next-generation nuclear reactors. This major investment will be part of a comprehensive energy strategy, which also includes a massive deployment of renewable energies, with the objective of multiplying solar capacity by ten and installing fifty offshore wind farms by 2050. Thus, this would make it possible to guarantee our independence, to move away from fossil fuels and to position the country as a leader in low-carbon energy production."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Nathalie Arthaud",
"value": "The idea would be to move beyond the technical debate for or against nuclear power in order to raise the fundamental question of democratic control over energy. The proper approach is to consider that the main danger does not come from the technology itself, but from its management by private interests whose priority is profit, to the detriment of safety and collective needs. The central focus is therefore to place the entire energy sector under the control of workers and the community. Only within this framework of an economy planned according to the needs of all can rational and safe choices regarding the energy mix be made. Thus, this would make it possible to guarantee energy production that serves the public interest and not shareholders' dividends."
}
] |
Should a higher carbon tax be introduced to finance the ecological transition?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Philippe Poutou",
"value": "The idea would be to break with the logics of indirect taxation that place the cost of the ecological transition on the population. The right approach is to finance this transition not by a tax on household consumption, but by a direct levy on the profits of polluting companies and on large fortunes. To achieve this, the central axis is to end all public aid to large groups, to socialize the key sectors of energy and transport in order to steer the bifurcation, and to mobilize the necessary resources through a highly progressive wealth tax. Thus, this would make it possible to guarantee a rapid and socially just ecological bifurcation, financed by the main actors responsible for the climate crisis without penalizing individuals."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Marine Le Pen",
"value": "The idea would be to reject the principle of punitive ecological taxation, instead favoring a massive reduction of taxes that burden energy for households and businesses. The central axis is to consider gasoline, fuel oil, gas and electricity as basic necessities, by bringing their VAT from 20 % to 5,5 %. This direct reduction of unavoidable expenses constitutes the priority, in opposition to a carbon tax that penalizes the least well-off and residents of rural areas more severely. The financing of the transition must rely on sovereign industrial choices, and not on a new tax burden. Thus, this would make it possible to immediately restore purchasing power to the French, by treating energy as an essential need rather than as a variable to be adjusted."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
"value": "The idea would be to place the burden of the transition on the most polluting activities rather than on household budgets. The right approach is to reject a general, socially unjust carbon tax in favor of targeted mechanisms and massive investments. Priority levers of action are the introduction of a per-kilometre tax on imported goods to promote short supply chains, the elimination of tax loopholes harmful to the environment, and an increased contribution from high incomes and large companies. This fair taxation will fund an investment plan for the ecological shift. Thus, it would enable a genuine transition without obstructing social justice and while protecting purchasing power."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Valérie Pécresse",
"value": "The idea would be to finance the ecological transition without penalizing purchasing power or national competitiveness, rejecting the principle of punitive environmentalism. The preferred instrument is therefore not an increase in domestic taxation, but the introduction of a carbon border tax at the borders of the Union européenne. This mechanism aims to subject imported products that do not comply with our environmental standards to the same requirements as our own agricultural and industrial sectors. Financing for green investments will be ensured by mobilizing private savings, without resorting to further tax increases. Thus, this would make it possible to protect our companies from unfair competition while initiating the decarbonization of the economy on a principle of justice."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Fabien Roussel",
"value": "The idea would be to reject the principle of a carbon tax that would weigh on households, in order to favor financing the ecological transition based on contributions from economic actors. The approach consists of setting up a large fund for the climate and employment, financed by the State, monetary creation and a corporate taxation adjusted according to social and ecological criteria. This new taxation will target the profits of large groups and polluting activities. In parallel, indirect energy taxes borne by consumers would, on the contrary, be lowered to protect purchasing power. Thus, this would make the ecological transformation socially just, by making capital contribute rather than penalizing citizens' consumption."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Eric Zemmour",
"value": "The idea would be to shift the environmental burden from domestic producers and consumers to imports that do not meet our standards, in order to protect industry without penalizing households. The approach is to refuse any form of punitive environmentalism through domestic taxation and to establish, in return, a carbon tax mechanism at Europe's borders. This measure would aim to subject imported products to the same environmental requirements as our own production, thereby ending the unfair competition of countries with lower environmental standards. Thus, it would help create fair competitive conditions, promote reindustrialization and finance the transition by making foreign economic actors contribute rather than placing the burden on citizens."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jean Lassalle",
"value": "The idea would be to steer the energy transition through strategic investment and technological innovation, rather than through punitive taxation that weighs on purchasing power and competitiveness. The priority is to control energy prices and to lighten taxation on hydrocarbons by reducing VAT to 5.5%. At the same time, public efforts must focus on developing future-oriented sectors, notably next-generation nuclear power, solar energy and marine energy, while strengthening sovereignty over key energy assets. This would thus make it possible to finance the transformation of our energy model through growth and innovation, ensuring our sovereignty and protecting citizens and businesses from a rise in the cost of living."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Anne Hidalgo",
"value": "The idea would be to base the financing of the transition on fair ecological taxation that does not burden the middle and working classes. Rather than a generalized increase in the carbon tax, the approach is to establish an Impôt de Solidarité sur la Fortune (ISF) Climat et Biodiversité to make the wealthiest contribute. This mechanism will be complemented by a surtax on financial investments linked to fossil fuels. In addition, a \"Règle d'Or Climatique\" will guarantee that 50% of the revenues from environmental taxation will finance social measures for the households most affected by the transition. Thus, this would secure the financing of the ecological transition while strengthening social justice and ensuring the acceptability of the reforms."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Yannick Jadot",
"value": "The idea would be to overhaul carbon taxation to make it a lever for a just and effective ecological transition. The issue is not simply to tax, but to ensure that the climate contribution is socially fair. The approach is to gradually raise the carbon trajectory, conditioning this increase on full compensation for the lowest-income households via a \"green cheque\" mechanism. The revenues of this reformed tax will be earmarked transparently: half for this redistribution mechanism, the other half for investment in the transition. Thus, this would help steer behavior and generate funding for the transition, making carbon taxation a tool of solidarity and ecological transformation."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Nicolas Dupont-Aignan",
"value": "The idea would be to finance the ecological transition by redirecting spending and incentives, categorically rejecting any punitive taxation that would weigh on households' purchasing power. The proper approach is to remove subsidies for intermittent energy sources to massively fund a large-scale thermal insulation plan for housing, which would concretely reduce electricity bills. Effort must be concentrated on major sources of pollution, such as international maritime flows, and not on citizens. Thus, this would allow an effective transition to be undertaken without penalizing the French, by prioritizing structural investments over taxing everyday life."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Emmanuel Macron",
"value": "The idea would be to make ecological taxation a lever for competitiveness and equity, rather than an instrument of domestic taxation. The right approach is to implement a carbon tax at Europe's borders. This measure aims to apply to imported products the same environmental requirements as to our own industries, in order to combat unfair competition. The objective is to protect jobs and companies that invest in the transition, while encouraging decarbonization on a global scale. Thus, this would make it possible to finance the transition in a fair way, by placing the burden on imports that do not comply with our climate standards, and not on local economic actors."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Nathalie Arthaud",
"value": "The idea would be to categorically reject any fiscal measure that places the cost of the ecological transition on the population, because the true culprits of pollution are the large capitalist corporations that profit from it. The right approach is to strip them of their power to do harm by placing the key sectors of the economy under the control of the collective. To achieve this, it is necessary to expropriate the large industrial and financial groups, in order to plan production according to human needs and the planet's limits, and not according to the logic of profit. The objective is to end the pillaging of resources and destructive competition. Thus, this would allow the implementation of a genuine environmental policy, financed by those who have accumulated fortunes by destroying the planet."
}
] |
Should social benefits be conditioned more on activity or residency criteria in France?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Philippe Poutou",
"value": "The idea would be to break with any logic of conditionality of social assistance, by basing social protection on a principle of universal inalienable rights. The right approach is to disconnect access to benefits from any activity-based counterpart, by instituting a guaranteed minimum income for all set at the level of the minimum wage. Access to the full range of social rights must be extended to everyone residing in the territory, without any distinction of nationality or administrative status. This universality of rights aims to guarantee true autonomy and to move away from the logic of controlling the most precarious. Thus, this would make it possible to eradicate poverty and to ensure an unconditional security of existence for each and every person."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Marine Le Pen",
"value": "The idea would be to rebuild the social assistance system on the strict principle of national priority, in order to ensure that solidarity benefits the national community first and foremost. The right approach is to condition access to benefits on nationality. Concretely, family allowances would be reserved for households in which at least one parent is French. Similarly, other social benefits would be accessible only to nationals, and they would be given priority in the allocation of social housing. Thus, this would allow refocusing the social model on its contributors and reducing the pull factors linked to social welfare provisions."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
"value": "The idea would be to break with the logic of suspicion and conditionality in order to affirm a principle of universality of social rights, by guaranteeing everyone the means to live with dignity. The right approach is to establish an unconditional autonomy guarantee at the poverty threshold for any person who needs it, by radically simplifying procedures to actively combat non-take-up. This right would be the foundation of a policy aimed at eradicating poverty, complemented by a ban on the disconnection of water, electricity and gas. Thus, this would make it possible to transform the social assistance system, moving from a set of complex schemes to a universal and automatic right that guarantees a secure existence for all."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Valérie Pécresse",
"value": "The idea would be to rebuild the social contract on the principle that work must always take precedence over welfare dependency and that rights are the counterpart to duties. The central axis consists of conditioning the payment of benefits on active participation, by establishing an obligation of 15 hours of weekly activity for RSA beneficiaries. This conditionality requirement will also apply to foreign residents, for whom access to certain social benefits such as family allowances and housing benefits will be subject to a legal period of presence of five years in the territory. Furthermore, no path to regularization will be opened for people in an irregular situation, regardless of their sector of activity. Thus, this would make it possible to ensure fairness toward those who contribute, to stimulate the resumption of activity and to put an end to irregular immigration channels."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Fabien Roussel",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee the universality of social rights by removing the conditions that create exclusion, rather than by adding new ones. The right approach is to extend protection to all residents by tackling the blind spots of the current system. This approach would be embodied by the immediate opening of the revenu de solidarité active (RSA) to those under 25, in order to repair an injustice and to leave no one without resources. It would be complemented by an increase in all social minima, financed by national solidarity. The right to housing and energy would also be secured by prohibiting evictions and cut-offs. Thus, this would make it possible to address poverty at its root by making solidarity an unconditional right, rather than aid conditioned on reciprocal obligations."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Eric Zemmour",
"value": "The idea would be to transform the logic of allocating social assistance by basing it on a principle of national preference and reciprocity. The approach first consists of removing access to non-contributory social benefits (RSA, housing benefits, family allowances) for non-European foreign nationals, thereby reserving solidarity for nationals and citizens of the Union only. For everyone, a second level of conditionality would be applied, with the systematic suspension of benefits in cases of school absenteeism, delinquency, or fraud. Finally, the cumulative total of social minima would be capped below the SMIC to ensure that work is always more remunerative. Thus, this would make it possible to move from a system of open rights to targeted assistance conceived as the counterpart of membership in the national community and the respect of its rules."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jean Lassalle",
"value": "The idea would be to strengthen the social pact by adapting the eligibility conditions for aid, distinguishing the unconditional solidarity owed to the most vulnerable from support toward employment for others. The right approach is to simplify access to rights for people with disabilities, notably by removing the consideration of the spouse's income. Conversely, for young people, the extension of a minimum income must be linked to means-testing or to a commitment to a training pathway. Entitlement to social benefits remains, in principle, conditioned on a stable and regular residence in the territory. Thus, this would make it possible to build a fairer system that protects without assisting and encourages autonomy while guaranteeing unfailing solidarity toward those who cannot work."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Anne Hidalgo",
"value": "The idea would be to strengthen the universality of social protections to combat precariousness, rather than multiply access conditions. The right approach is to extend rights, notably by creating a \"youth minimum\" open to all those over 18 under a simple means-based condition. This fundamental right would systematically be accompanied by personalized support toward employment or qualification. For other benefits, such as unemployment insurance, the principle is not one of conditionality but of a period of activity dedicated to the construction of a professional project, with enhanced training rights. In this way, it would be possible to build a system based on trust and emancipation, which views assistance as an investment in individuals' autonomy and not as a benefit subject to restrictive conditions."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Yannick Jadot",
"value": "The idea would be to break with the logic of conditionality in order to build a truly universal social protection floor. The challenge is to guarantee a dignified life to each and every person by disconnecting fundamental rights from the sole status of employment. The right approach is to establish a universal basic income, the first step of which will be the creation of a guaranteed minimum income for every adult, paid without conditions and from the age of majority. This safety net will be reinforced by the automation of existing benefits to combat non-take-up, and by the removal of waiting periods for access to healthcare for foreign residents. Thus, this would allow social rights to become a true pillar of our social contract, ensuring that protection against poverty is an unconditional right and not an aid subject to activity requirements."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Nicolas Dupont-Aignan",
"value": "The idea would be to rebuild the social contract on the principle of reciprocity, ensuring that national solidarity benefits first and foremost those who contribute to the community or are durably established on the territory. The proper approach is to require a counterpart for certain benefits, such as a weekly day of service for the community. For foreigners, access to social assistance would be conditioned on a five-year residency period on the territory. The verification of this residency would be strengthened by the introduction of biometric health cards handed over in person. Thus, this would allow better targeting of aid, combating abuses and reaffirming that social rights are inseparable from duties towards the community."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Emmanuel Macron",
"value": "The idea would be to refound the pact of solidarity on a demanding balance between rights and duties, so that solidarity is always a lever toward employment. The right approach is to condition the payment of the RSA on effective activity enabling integration. Likewise, unemployment insurance rules will be adapted to the economic situation: stricter when many jobs are unfilled, and more protective in periods of high unemployment. This logic of reciprocity will also extend to the right of residence, which will be conditioned on successful professional integration and mastery of the French language. Thus, this would make our social model fairer and more incentivizing, making solidarity a springboard to employment and autonomy."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Nathalie Arthaud",
"value": "The idea would be to reject any logic of conditionality that aims to sort individuals and pit the most precarious against one another. The priority is to guarantee universal and unconditional social rights, ensuring a dignified income for every person, whether they are working, unemployed, retired or disabled, without any distinction of nationality or length of residence. The objective is to put in place benefits and pensions of an amount sufficient to live on, with a minimum threshold of 2 000 euros net, because survival must not depend on bureaucratic or discriminatory criteria. Thus, this would make it possible to tackle poverty at its root and to strengthen solidarity among all, instead of organizing competition among the poor."
}
] |
Should certain undocumented workers occupying jobs described as “en tension” be regularized?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Philippe Poutou",
"value": "The idea would be to break with a selective and utilitarian approach to regularization, grounding it on a principle of universal and unconditional rights for every person present on the territory. The right approach is to initiate a broad, immediate, and unconditional regularization of all undocumented people, regardless of their professional situation. This initiative is part of the broader framework of opening borders and guaranteeing total freedom of movement and settlement, by granting the full social and political rights to all residents. Thus, it would make it possible to move away from a logic of organized precarity and to ensure that fundamental rights apply to every person living on the territory, putting an end to the exploitation linked to administrative status."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Marine Le Pen",
"value": "The idea would be to categorically reject any form of regularization, because it constitutes an incentive to illegality and weakens the authority of the State. The proper approach is to apply a policy of absolute firmness, making the removal to the border of any foreigner in an irregular situation systematic and immediate, without consideration for their professional situation. The concept of 'employment in tension' must not serve as a pretext for an exception to the law; the priority must be to train and direct the national workforce toward these sectors. Thus, this would put an end to the signal of attraction represented by hopes of regularization and fully restore the nation's sovereignty in controlling its labor market."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
"value": "The idea would be to move away from a utilitarian logic that conditions the regularization of undocumented workers on the sole needs of the economy, in order to assert a principle of human dignity and fundamental rights. The right approach is to repeal restrictive laws to establish a legal framework allowing an individual and thorough examination of each situation. The priority is to guarantee dignified reception and housing throughout the territory, as well as an effective right to asylum, by providing the means to study each case without haste. Thus, this would make it possible to fight against exploitation and precarity by recognizing the rights of all people present on national soil, regardless of sectoral tensions in the labor market."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Valérie Pécresse",
"value": "The idea would be to meet labour force needs solely through the channels of legal, selective and quantified immigration. The principle of absolute firmness applies: no regularization will be granted to persons who have entered or are staying irregularly on the territory, regardless of the sector of activity concerned. The only acceptable way to fill jobs experiencing shortages is to define in advance quotas by occupation and by country, allowing the selection of profiles within a controlled framework. This preventive approach is the corollary of a policy of systematic expulsion of foreigners in an irregular situation. Thus, this would eliminate any pull factor and guarantee that labour immigration is the result of a sovereign decision and not the consequence of a de facto situation."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Fabien Roussel",
"value": "The idea would be to treat regularisation as an issue of equality of rights and of the fight against exploitation, rather than as a mere tool for managing the labour market. The proper approach is to regularise all undocumented women and men workers currently employed, regardless of the sector. This approach aims to guarantee equal status for everyone, which constitutes the only effective weapon against clandestine work and the pitting of employees against each other organised by employers. Thus, it would make it possible to reduce exploitation by ensuring that the same rights and protections apply to everyone across the territory."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Eric Zemmour",
"value": "The idea would be to establish a principle of absolute non-regularization for any person who entered the territory illegally, in order to put an end to clandestine networks and to restore the primacy of the law. The approach is to treat illegal immigration not as a pool of labor, but as an offense calling for sanction. To this end, the offense of irregular stay would be reinstated, making any regularization through work legally impossible. The only route envisaged for foreigners in an irregular situation is the systematic removal from the territory, regardless of their professional situation. Thus, this would make it possible to completely eliminate the \"pull factors\" and to reaffirm that presence on national soil is conditioned on strict compliance with the law, without exception based on temporary economic considerations."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jean Lassalle",
"value": "The idea would be to address tensions in the labor market at their source by acting on the training of the national workforce and the attractiveness of occupations, rather than resorting to the regularization of illegal immigration. The central focus is to restore sovereignty over migration policy, concentrating efforts on border control while respecting the right to asylum. The response to companies' needs should involve a revival of apprenticeships, an enhancement of vocational tracks, and a simplification of labor law standards to facilitate legal hiring. This would make it possible to ensure that available jobs primarily benefit the workforce residing in the territory, while ensuring coherent and controlled management of migration flows."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Anne Hidalgo",
"value": "The idea would be to prevent the formation of a clandestine workforce rather than to resort to a posteriori regularizations as the primary solution. The central approach is to transform the status of the asylum seeker by systematically opening access to work from the moment the application is submitted. This measure would be part of a comprehensive and immediate integration policy, including language pathways and enhanced support. This approach aims to dry up illegal work at its source by creating a legal and transparent route to integration through employment. Thus, it would secure individuals' pathways while responding in a regulated manner to the needs of the economy, without waiting for irregular situations to become established."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Yannick Jadot",
"value": "The idea would be to go beyond the sectoral logic of \"métiers en tension\" to adopt a broad and systematic regularization approach. The issue is to recognize the situation of all foreign workers already present on the territory, whatever their sector of activity. The proper approach is to implement a systematic regularization of undocumented workers, based on their presence and their activity, and not on restrictive lists of jobs. This policy will be accompanied by a facilitation of administrative procedures and a full recognition of their rights. Thus, this would make it possible to put an end to the exploitation of these workers, fully integrate them into society, and build a migration policy based on dignity rather than a utilitarian logic."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Nicolas Dupont-Aignan",
"value": "The idea would be to reject any form of regularization through work, which is perceived as a pull factor for illegal immigration. The priority is to apply the law by systematically expelling any foreigner in an irregular situation, regardless of their employment situation. The approach is to prioritize access to employment for nationals and legal residents, while combating the unfair competition represented by the employment of clandestine labor. Thus, this would reduce the pull factor, guarantee respect for the law and protect French workers from any form of social dumping."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Emmanuel Macron",
"value": "The idea would be to base the right of residence on successful and verifiable integration, rather than creating specific regularization channels, including for sectors under strain. The proper approach is to make the granting of a long-stay permit conditional on strict and cumulative criteria: effective professional integration and the passing of a French examination. At the same time, decision procedures must be accelerated to expel more effectively those who are not eligible for residence. Thus, this would allow for a controlled and coherent immigration policy, where the right to remain on the territory is the consequence of a successful integration pathway and not a response to irregular situations."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Nathalie Arthaud",
"value": "The idea would be to reject a utilitarian and selective approach that divides workers according to the needs of employers. The central point is to recognize that all workers, regardless of their origin or administrative status, belong to the same camp and keep society running. The only coherent approach is therefore to grant total freedom of movement and settlement. This implies the immediate and unconditional regularization of all undocumented workers, without distinction by sector of activity, by granting them the same rights as others, including the right to vote. Thus, this would put an end to the exploitation of a workforce deprived of rights, which drags overall working conditions down, and strengthen the unity of all workers."
}
] |
Should the wearing of religious symbols be allowed in public schools?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Philippe Poutou",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee the full individual freedom of students, breaking with a logic of control and standardization of bodies by the school institution. The right approach is to affirm a principle of total freedom of dress for students, including the wearing of symbols of philosophical or religious affiliation. This measure implies the repeal of any restrictive legislation, regarded as an infringement on fundamental freedoms and a tool of targeted discrimination. The priority is to make the school an unconditional welcoming space, focused on intellectual emancipation rather than on monitoring appearances. Thus, this would put an end to exclusionary policies, while refocusing the school institution on its primary mission of transmitting knowledge."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Marine Le Pen",
"value": "The idea would be to reaffirm the role of the school as a crucible of republican assimilation by making it a sanctuary of absolute neutrality, protected from any form of communitarianism. The proper approach is to prohibit by law any ideological or religious expression within the school environment. This prohibition would apply to all signs of affiliation, without distinction, in order to guarantee equality among students and to protect children from the claims that divide society. The school must once again become the place for learning a common foundation, sheltered from external pressures. Thus, this would make it possible to restore the school institution to its primary mission and to strengthen national unity by fighting against the seeds of division."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
"value": "The idea would be to reaffirm the principle of secularism as an essential condition of the republican school, in order to preserve this common space as a place of intellectual emancipation and civic education, sheltered from religious and communal pressures. The proper approach is therefore to apply without exception the rule of neutrality, which forbids the wearing of any sign or clothing that ostentatiously manifests religious affiliation by students. This requirement is the guarantee offered to each child to be able to develop their free will in a framework that prioritizes knowledge and universal values. Thus, it would make it possible to guarantee equality among all students and to ensure that the school remains a sanctuary dedicated to the transmission of knowledge and the development of critical thinking, free from any dogmatic influence."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Valérie Pécresse",
"value": "The idea would be to reaffirm the school as a sanctuary of absolute neutrality, protected from any religious or communitarian pressure. The priority is to ensure the strictest enforcement of the existing law prohibiting ostensible signs for students. This requirement of neutrality will be extended to all adults who participate in school life, notably chaperones on outings, for whom the wearing of religious symbols will be proscribed. The objective is to preserve national cohesion by making the educational space a place where belonging to the Republic takes precedence over any other identity. Thus, this would make it possible to guarantee equality among all children and to educate them in citizenship away from communitarian influences."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Fabien Roussel",
"value": "The idea would be to reaffirm the principle of secularism as the condition of equality and freedom of conscience within the public school. The approach consists in guaranteeing the strict neutrality of the school environment, preserving it from community pressures and proselytism. This implies maintaining a clear framework where signs of religious affiliation have no place, in order to allow each pupil to form a free judgment. An independent observatory of secularism would ensure its fair application, without making it a tool of discrimination. Thus, this would help strengthen the emancipatory mission of the republican school and promote a calm learning environment."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Eric Zemmour",
"value": "The idea would be to make the school an inviolable sanctuary, entirely dedicated to instruction and assimilation, by protecting it from any form of communal claim. The approach consists not only in maintaining the existing ban, but in inscribing it within a broader vision aimed at neutralizing identity markers. The reinstatement of the smock in primary school, for example, is intended to erase clothing differences, whether social or religious. More fundamentally, this prohibition in schools stems from a broader principle: the ban on wearing the Islamic veil throughout public space. Thus, this would ensure that the school remains a crucible of national unity where pupils are regarded as future citizens, free from any external pressure."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jean Lassalle",
"value": "The idea would be to preserve the public school as a sanctuary of neutrality, dedicated to the transmission of fundamental knowledge and to the education of free citizens. The school must remain a space where belonging to the national community takes precedence over particular identities, in order to guarantee equality among all students and to protect their freedom of conscience. The aim is to refocus the school institution on its primary mission: to instruct and emancipate through knowledge, sheltered from the ideological and religious tensions that fracture society. Thus, this would help strengthen the role of the school as a crucible of the Republic, where a shared citizenship is forged in mutual respect, an essential condition for the cohesion of the Nation."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Anne Hidalgo",
"value": "The idea would be to enshrine the public school as a space of neutrality and emancipation, where the principle of laïcité is not only respected but actively promoted. The priority is therefore not to revisit the existing legal framework, but on the contrary to defend it and apply it uncompromisingly. The central focus is to strengthen the transmission of republican values through a renewed civic education. Any infringement of laïcité will be clearly sanctioned, and teachers will be systematically protected against external pressures targeting their pedagogy. Thus, this would ensure that the school remains a crucible of citizenship, protecting each pupil from communal influences to guarantee them total freedom of conscience."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Yannick Jadot",
"value": "The idea would be to promote a conciliatory secularism and living together, based on the principle of freedom of conscience. The right approach is to rely on the spirit of the 1905 law, which forbids neither religion nor religious signs in public space. It is about rejecting a combative secularism that seeks to eliminate public expressions of faith, in order to focus on the fight against conflations and extremist discourse. The school environment must be a place of diversity and integration, where mutual respect takes precedence over uniformity. Thus, this would make secularism a principle of liberty and cohesion, ensuring the full integration of all students into republican life."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Nicolas Dupont-Aignan",
"value": "One idea would be to guarantee the absolute neutrality of public school, a pillar of the Republic, by protecting it from any display of religious affiliation. The right approach is to apply secularism firmly and without exception, prohibiting the wearing of ostentatious signs and clothing for both students and staff. This rule, far from being hostile to religions, aims to preserve the freedom of conscience of each child and the equality of all with regard to education. It is imperative to defend and apply this principle throughout the country to maintain the school as a space of cohesion. Thus, this would help prevent community pressures and restore the school as the crucible of French citizenship."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Emmanuel Macron",
"value": "The idea would be to sanctify public schooling as a space of neutrality and emancipation, where republican principles take precedence over any other consideration. The proper approach is to guarantee the strict and uncompromising enforcement of the existing legal framework that prohibits the wearing of ostentatious religious symbols. School must remain a protected place, devoted to the transmission of knowledge and to the education of the citizen, sheltered from communal pressures and identity-based claims. Thus, this would help preserve national cohesion by ensuring that each pupil can build themselves freely, as an individual and citizen, in respect of the common values that underpin the Republic."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Nathalie Arthaud",
"value": "The idea would be to safeguard public school as a space of emancipation and neutrality, sheltered from religious and social pressures. The proper approach is to maintain a clear secularism there, which is expressed by prohibiting students from wearing signs or clothing that ostentatiously manifest a religious affiliation. This rule is not intended to stigmatize a belief, but to guarantee everyone's freedom of conscience and to combat symbols of the oppression of women. School must be a protected place where free and equal citizens are formed. Thus, this would make it possible to ensure that each student, and in particular each young girl, has a protected environment in which to build her autonomy."
}
] |
Should France increase its military spending in the current geopolitical context?
|
[
{
"candidate_id": "Philippe Poutou",
"value": "The idea would be to break radically with the militaristic and interventionist stance by engaging in an active policy of unilateral disarmament. The proper approach is to undertake the complete dismantling of the military-industrial complex, redirecting its production capacities toward the ecological transition. The central axis is the immediate halt of all arms exports and the withdrawal from all military alliances, notably NATO. This approach must culminate in the destruction of the nuclear arsenal and the end of any external military intervention. Thus, it would free up considerable financial resources for social and ecological emergencies, while grounding international relations in cooperation and solidarity among peoples rather than in military power."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Marine Le Pen",
"value": "The idea would be to undertake a planned and substantial rearmament, the only possible response to the deterioration of the international environment and the return of power politics. The central axis is to raise the armed forces' budget to 55 billion euros by 2027. This significant financial effort will be earmarked for increasing personnel, modernizing equipment and replenishing ammunition stocks. This build-up in material and human capacity is the condition for guaranteeing the credibility of nuclear deterrence, which remains the cornerstone of national defence. Thus, this would make it possible to provide the country with the means necessary for a genuine \"free-hands policy\", restoring to it full control over its commitments and the ability to defend its strategic interests in complete independence."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jean-Luc Mélenchon",
"value": "The idea would be to break with a logic of military alignment and an arms race in order to rebuild a defense doctrine focused on national sovereignty and the pursuit of peace. The right approach is to withdraw from the integrated command of OTAN to regain full strategic autonomy, and to refuse any military intervention without an explicit mandate from ONU. Resources should be redirected toward a popular defense, including citizen conscription and the nationalization of the arms industries, rather than fueling an escalation. In this way, it would enable equipping the country with an independent defense in service of a policy of active peace and cooperation, rather than allocating increasing budgets to a logic of blocs and confrontation."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Valérie Pécresse",
"value": "The idea would be to respond to the deterioration of the geopolitical context by restoring the capability and strength of our armed forces. The central axis of this strategy is a massive, planned budgetary effort, resulting in an increase of 108 billion euros in credits allocated to defence by 2030. This exceptional investment aims to equip the forces with all the means necessary to ensure the protection of the territory and of citizens against new threats, as revealed by the invasion of Ukraine. This ambition is part of a national framework of sovereignty and is articulated with the project of a more autonomous European defence. Thus, this would make it possible to guarantee the country's security and to reaffirm its status as a leading military power."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Fabien Roussel",
"value": "The idea would be to reconfigure the military apparatus to guarantee full national sovereignty, by optimizing existing resources rather than increasing overall spending. The priority is to end costly overseas operations and to leave integrated military structures in order to free up budgetary room for maneuver. These savings would then be reinvested in modernizing a versatile and coherent defense capability, focused on protecting the territory and maintaining a national deterrent force. A public hub for the arms industries would also be created to ensure this strategic autonomy. Thus, this would make it possible to build a modern and effective defense, financed by an intelligent reallocation of means, guaranteeing a true strategic independence without committing the country to a new arms race."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Eric Zemmour",
"value": "The idea would be to break with chronic underinvestment to reverse the downgrading of the defense apparatus and guarantee the country's strategic autonomy. The approach consists of a programmed and massive increase in the armed forces' budget, aiming to reach €70 billion per year by 2030. This financial effort will be earmarked for the modernization of the nuclear deterrent, the rebuilding of conventional capabilities (with targets of two aircraft carriers, twenty frigates and three hundred fighter jets) and investment in new fields of conflict such as cyber and space. Thus, this would make it possible to rebuild a complete and powerful army, a pillar of national sovereignty and capable of ensuring the protection of French interests in the world."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Jean Lassalle",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee national sovereignty by rebuilding an autonomous and comprehensive defense, capable of operating outside existing alliances. The central axis is to rebuild a fully sovereign arms and equipment industry, so as no longer to depend on foreign suppliers. This effort must include a major strengthening of cyberdefense, allocating to it a substantial budget equal to one quarter of that of the other armies. In addition, the creation of a Garde Nationale will provide the regular army with an indispensable reserve force. Thus, this would make it possible to have the military means necessary for an independent defense policy and diplomacy, a prerequisite for disengagement from integrated military command structures."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Anne Hidalgo",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee France's sovereignty and the security of its citizens by adapting its defense capabilities to the challenges of the 21st century. The central axis is an increase in the resources allocated to our armed forces, which will result in an upward revision of the loi de programmation militaire 2019-2025. This budgetary effort will primarily target the strengthening of research and development as well as adaptation to new threats, notably in the space and cybersecurity domains. Thus, this would enable the country to possess a credible and modern defense, capable of protecting the national territory and of facing the evolving geopolitical context."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Yannick Jadot",
"value": "The idea would be to replace the logic of increasing budgets with an approach of rationalizing and optimizing defense spending. The issue is to guarantee security through better efficiency and active diplomacy, not through an arms race. The right approach is to implement concrete measures of arms control and reduction, while advocating for a concerted reduction of military spending on a global scale. Priority will be given to integrating defense production at the European level and to strengthening cooperation in the prevention and non-violent resolution of conflicts. Thus, this would allow resources to be allocated more fairly and effectively, contributing to global de-escalation rather than to the exacerbation of geopolitical tensions."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Nicolas Dupont-Aignan",
"value": "The idea would be to guarantee the strategic independence of the nation by rebuilding a defense apparatus commensurate with the geopolitical stakes. The right approach is to ring-fence military spending by raising its budget to 2,5 % of Gross Domestic Product, versus 2 % currently. This financial effort will make it possible to launch a massive recruitment plan aimed at integrating 40 000 additional soldiers over five years, in order to make up for lost personnel. In parallel, the priority will be to catch up on the accumulated shortfall in equipment and to raise the pay of military personnel. Thus, this would allow France to give itself the means for its foreign policy, to guarantee its sovereignty by leaving the integrated command of OTAN, and to restore its full capacity for action on the international stage."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Emmanuel Macron",
"value": "The idea would be to pursue a substantial and sustained defence effort to adapt our armed forces to new threats and guarantee our sovereignty. The right approach is to ring-fence the objective of dedicating 2 % of GDP to military spending, in order to fund a comprehensive programme to modernize our equipment by 2030, including new combat aircraft, submarines and armoured vehicles. This effort will also cover personnel, with a doubling of the number of operational reservists by 2027. This build-up will be part of a strengthened European strategic autonomy. Thus, it would provide the country with a credible defence capability, able to face current and future threats, while affirming our role as a pillar of security in Europe."
},
{
"candidate_id": "Nathalie Arthaud",
"value": "The idea would be to break radically with the logic of the arms race and to redirect military budgets toward the essential needs of the population. The priority is to undertake a total military disengagement, withdrawing troops deployed abroad in operations that serve only private economic interests. It also involves ceasing all arms exports, which fuel international conflicts. The billions thus saved must be urgently reallocated to public services, such as health, education and pensions. Thus, this would make it possible to promote a policy of peace based on international solidarity between peoples, and not on military power serving a minority."
}
] |
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