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26154787
results
At week @ , the proportion of patients with a PGA score of @ or @ remained significantly higher in the @-mg , @-mg , and @-mg guselkumab groups than in the adalimumab group ( @ % , @ % , and @ % , respectively , vs. @ % ) ( P < @ for all comparisons ) .
8
26154787
results
Between week @ and week @ , infections were observed in @ % of the patients in the guselkumab groups , @ % in the adalimumab group , and @ % in the placebo group .
9
26154787
conclusions
The results of this phase @ trial suggest that guselkumab may be an effective therapy for plaque psoriasis and that control of psoriasis can be achieved with specific anti-interleukin-@ therapy .
10
26154787
conclusions
( Funded by Janssen Research and Development ; X-PLORE ClinicalTrials.gov number , NCT@ . )
11
26323937
background
The role of trypanocidal therapy in patients with established Chagas ' cardiomyopathy is unproven .
0
26323937
methods
We conducted a prospective , multicenter , randomized study involving @ patients with Chagas ' cardiomyopathy who received benznidazole or placebo for up to @ days and were followed for a mean of @ years .
1
26323937
methods
The primary outcome in the time-to-event analysis was the first event of any of the components of the composite outcome of death , resuscitated cardiac arrest , sustained ventricular tachycardia , insertion of a pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator , cardiac transplantation , new heart failure , stroke , or other thromboembolic event .
2
26323937
results
The primary outcome occurred in @ patients ( @ % ) in the benznidazole group and in @ ( @ % ) in the placebo group ( hazard ratio , @ ; @ % confidence interval -LSB- CI -RSB- , @ to @ ; P = @ ) .
3
26323937
results
At baseline , a polymerase-chain-reaction ( PCR ) assay was performed on blood samples obtained from @ patients ; @ % had positive results for Trypanosoma cruzi on PCR .
4
26323937
results
The rates of conversion to negative PCR results ( PCR conversion ) were @ % in the benznidazole group and @ % in the placebo group at the end of treatment , @ % and @ % , respectively , at @ years , and @ % and @ % , respectively , at @ years or more ( P < @ for all comparisons ) .
5
26323937
results
The effect of treatment on PCR conversion varied according to geographic region : in Brazil , the odds ratio for PCR conversion was @ ( @ % CI , @ to @ ) at @ years and @ ( @ % CI , @ to @ ) at @ or more years ; in Colombia and El Salvador , the odds ratio was @ ( @ % CI , @ to @ ) at @ years and @ ( @ % CI , @ to @ ) at @ or more years ; and in Argentina and Bolivia , the odds ratio was @ ( @ % CI , @ to @ ) at @ years and @ ( @ % CI , @ to @ ) at @ or more years ( P < @ for interaction ) .
6
26323937
results
However , the rates of PCR conversion did not correspond to effects on clinical outcome ( P = @ for interaction ) .
7
26323937
conclusions
Trypanocidal therapy with benznidazole in patients with established Chagas ' cardiomyopathy significantly reduced serum parasite detection but did not significantly reduce cardiac clinical deterioration through @ years of follow-up .
8
26323937
conclusions
( Funded by the Population Health Research Institute and others ; ClinicalTrials.gov number , NCT@ ; Current Controlled Trials number , ISRCTN@ . )
9
25787999
background
Emotional eating in children has been related to the consumption of energy-dense foods and obesity , but the development of emotional eating in young children is poorly understood .
0
25787999
objective
We evaluated whether emotional eating can be induced in @-@-y-old children in the laboratory and assessed whether parental use of overly controlling feeding practices at @-@ y of age predicts a greater subsequent tendency for children to eat under conditions of mild stress at ages @-@ y.
1
25787999
methods
Forty-one parent-child dyads were recruited to participate in this longitudinal study , which involved parents and children being observed consuming a standard lunch , completing questionnaire measures of parental feeding practices , participating in a research procedure to induce child emotion ( or a control procedure ) , and observing children 's consumption of snack foods .
2
25787999
results
Children at ages @-@ y who were exposed to a mild emotional stressor consumed significantly more calories from snack foods in the absence of hunger than did children in a control group .
3
25787999
results
Parents who reported the use of more food as a reward and restriction of food for health reasons with their children at ages @-@ y were more likely to have children who ate more under conditions of negative emotion at ages @-@ y.
4
25787999
conclusions
Parents who overly control children 's food intake may unintentionally teach children to rely on palatable foods to cope with negative emotions .
5
25787999
conclusions
Additional research is needed to evaluate the implications of these findings for children 's food intake and weight outside of the laboratory setting .
6
25787999
conclusions
This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT@ .
7
24388839
objective
To compare the effects of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole vs placebo in reducing the risk of recurrences of Toxoplasma gondii retinochoroiditis .
0
24388839
methods
Single-center , prospective randomized double-masked clinical trial .
1
24388839
methods
A total of @ patients from Campinas , Brazil , with active recurrent Toxoplasma gondii retinochoroiditis were included .
2
24388839
methods
The initially active toxoplasmosis lesions were successfully treated in all cases using trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole ( @ mg/@ mg ) twice daily for @ days .
3
24388839
methods
Subsequently , @ patients dropped out of the study .
4
24388839
methods
The remaining patients were randomized to Group @ ( trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole tablet every @ days ) or Group @ ( identical placebo tablet every @ days ) .
5
24388839
methods
Randomization was @:@ , was stratified by sex , and used block sizes of @ .
6
24388839
methods
The primary outcome was recurrent toxoplasmosis retinochoroiditis within @ year , and the secondary outcome was a @-year change in best-corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) ( ETDRS chart ) .
7
24388839
results
The incidence of recurrent toxoplasmosis retinochoroiditis within @ months was @ of @ ( @ % ) and @ of @ ( @ % ) in the trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and placebo groups , respectively ( P = @ ) .
8
24388839
results
Visual acuity improvements in the @ groups were similar .
9
24388839
results
No treatment-limiting toxicity was observed .
10
24388839
conclusions
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole therapy resulted in a @ % reduction in the recurrence of Toxoplasma gondii retinochoroiditis over @ year of treatment .
11
24626738
objective
Antisocial personality is a common adult problem that imposes a major public health burden , but for which there is no effective treatment .
0
24626738
objective
Affected individuals exhibit persistent antisocial behavior and pervasive antisocial character traits , such as irritability , manipulativeness , and lack of remorse .
1
24626738
objective
Prevention of antisocial personality in childhood has been advocated , but evidence for effective interventions is lacking .
2
24626738
methods
The authors conducted two follow-up studies of randomized trials of group parent training .
3
24626738
methods
One involved @ clinic-referred @ - to @-year-olds with severe antisocial behavior for whom treatment was indicated , @ of whom were reassessed between ages @ and @ .
4
24626738
methods
The other involved @ high-risk @ - to @-year-olds with elevated antisocial behavior who were selectively screened from the community , @ of whom were reassessed between ages @ and @ .
5
24626738
methods
The primary psychiatric outcome measures were the two elements of antisocial personality , namely , antisocial behavior ( assessed by a diagnostic interview ) and antisocial character traits ( assessed by a questionnaire ) .
6
24626738
methods
Also assessed were reading achievement ( an important domain of youth functioning at work ) and parent-adolescent relationship quality .
7
24626738
results
In the indicated sample , both elements of antisocial personality were improved in the early intervention group at long-term follow-up compared with the control group ( antisocial behavior : odds ratio of oppositional defiant disorder = @ , @ % CI = @ , @ ; antisocial character traits : B = -@ , @ % CI = -@ , -@ ) .
8
24626738
results
Additionally , reading ability improved ( B = @ , @ % CI = @ , @ ) .
9
24626738
results
Parental expressed emotion was warmer ( B = @ , @ % CI = @ , @ ) and supervision was closer ( B = -@ , @ % CI = -@ , -@ ) , but direct observation of parenting showed no differences .
10
24626738
results
Teacher-rated and self-rated antisocial behavior were unchanged .
11
24626738
results
In contrast , in the selective high-risk sample , early intervention was not associated with improved long-term outcomes .
12
24626738
conclusions
Early intervention with severely antisocial children for whom treatment is indicated may prevent the development of antisocial personality in adolescence and may improve academic performance .
13
24626738
conclusions
In contrast , early intervention with selective high-risk samples may be ineffective .
14
25675682
objective
The authors compared the baby enclosed afferent reservoir ( Baby EAR ) with the Jackson-Rees ( JR ) anesthesia circuit for the minimal fresh gas flow ( FGF ) requirement with no and clinically acceptable rebreathing in spontaneous breathing anesthesia among pediatric patients .
0
25675682
methods
The present study was a randomized crossover study .
1
25675682
methods
Twenty patients , weighing @ to @ kg with ASA physical status I-II were enrolled .
2
25675682
methods
They were allocated to group @ ( EAR-JR ) starting with Baby EAR then switching to JR or group @ ( JR-EAR ) , reversedpattern .
3
25675682
methods
After induction and intubation , anesthesia was maintainedwith a N@O/O@ combination with sevoflurane @ to @ % and fentanyl .
4
25675682
methods
Starting with the first circuit , all patients were spontaneously ventilated with FGF @ mL/kg/min for @ minutes , and then gradually decreased by @ mL/kg/min every five minutes .
5
25675682
methods
End-tidal CO@ ( ETCO ) and inspired minimum CO@ ( imCO ) were recorded until rebreathing ( imCO@ > @ mmHg ) occurred and continued until rebreathing was not clinically acceptable ( imCO@ > @ mmHg ) .
6
25675682
methods
The anesthesia breathing circuit was switched and the procedure repeated .
7
25675682
results
The minimal FGF at no rebreathing of Baby EAR and JR were @ and @ mL/kg/min ; p < @ .
8
25675682
results
At acceptable rebreathing , the values were @ and @ mL/kg/min ; p < @ .
9
25675682
conclusions
Baby EAR can be used safely , effectively , and requires less FGF than JR in pediatric anesthesia in patients weighing @ to @ kg .
10
25008873
objective
To study the effects of extensively hydrolyzed protein formula ( eHF ) on the feeding and growth in preterm infants through a multicenter controlled clinical study .
0
25008873
methods
Preterm infants admitted to eight upper first-class hospitals in China between February @ and December @ were randomly selected .
1
25008873
methods
They were divided into two observation groups and two control groups .
2
25008873
methods
The first observation group consisted of preterm infants with a gestational age of < @ weeks , who were fed with eHF for @-@ days after birth and then with standard preterm formula ( SPF ) until discharge .
3
25008873
methods
The second observation group consisted of preterm infants with a gestational age of @-@ weeks , who were fed with SPF after birth , but were switched to eHF ( @-@ days ) if suffering feeding intolerance at @-@ days after birth .
4
25008873
methods
The two control groups with corresponding gestational ages kept to be fed with SPF after birth .
5
25008873
methods
Clinical data were recorded to compare feeding condition , physical growth , blood biochemical indices , and major complications between different groups .
6
25008873
results
A total of @ preterm infants were enrolled .
7
25008873
results
Preterm infants with a gestational age of < @ weeks in the observation group had a significantly shorter meconium evacuation time than in the corresponding control group ( P < @ ) .
8
25008873
results
They also had significantly lower levels of serum total bilirubin at weeks @ and @ after birth compared with the control group ( P < @ ) .
9
25008873
results
The observation group needed more time in reaching enteral nutrition ( EN ) basic energy uptake of @ kcal / ( kgd ) , partial parenteral nutrition ( PPN ) , hospitalization , and corrected gestational age at discharge compared with the controlled infants ( P < @ ) .
10
25008873
results
There was no difference in the incidence of extrauterine growth retardation ( EUGR ) at discharge between the two groups ( P > @ ) .
11
25008873
results
Preterm infants with a gestational age of @-@ weeks in the observation group had significantly lower serum total bilirubin levels at @ weeks after birth compared with the corresponding control group ( P < @ ) .
12
25008873
results
They required more time in achieving EN basic energy and PPN than in the control group ( P < @ ) .
13
25008873
results
There was no difference in the incidence of EUGR at discharge between the two groups ( P > @ ) .
14
25008873
conclusions
For preterm infants , eHF can improve gastrointestinal motility , accelerate bilirubin metabolism and excretion and does not increase the incidence of EUGR .
15
24529485
objective
To investigate the effect of a computer-supported indirect-form lifestyle-modification program using Lifestyle Intervention Support Software for Diabetes Prevention ( LISS-DP ) , as a clinically feasible strategy for primary prevention , on diet and physical activity habits in adults with a family history of type @ diabetes .
0
24529485
methods
This was a two-arm , randomized controlled trial : ( @ ) lifestyle intervention ( LI ) group ( n = @ ) ; ( @ ) control ( n = @ ) .
1
24529485
methods
Healthy adults aged @-@ years with a history of type @ diabetes among their first-degree relatives were recruited .
2
24529485
methods
LI group received three times of lifestyle intervention using LISS-DP during six-month intervention period via mail .
3
24529485
results
Lifestyle intervention group showed significantly greater decrease in energy intake six months after baseline , compared to control ( -@ and -@ kcal/day , respectively , p = @ , Cohen 's d = @ ) , though the difference disappeared @ year after from baseline .
4
24529485
results
No difference was found in physical activity energy expenditure .
5
24529485
conclusions
A computer-based , non-face-to-face lifestyle intervention was effective on dietary habits , only during the intervention period .
6
24529485
conclusions
Further examination of the long-term effects of such intervention and physical activity is required .
7
24232938
objective
The present study aimed to compare the postoperative contrast sensitivity functions between wavefront-guided LASIK eyes and their contralateral wavefront-guided PRK eyes .
0
24232938
methods
The participants were @ healthy subjects ( mean age = @ @ years ) who had myopic astigmatism .
1
24232938
methods
The spatial contrast sensitivity functions were measured before and three times after the surgery .
2
24232938
methods
Psycho and a Cambridge graphic board ( VSG @/@ ) were used to measure luminance , red-green , and blue-yellow spatial contrast sensitivity functions ( from @ to @ cycles/degree ) .
3
24232938
methods
Longitudinal analysis and comparison between surgeries were performed .
4
24232938
results
There was no significant contrast sensitivity change during the one-year follow-up measurements neither for LASIK nor for PRK eyes .
5
24232938
results
The comparison between procedures showed no differences at @ months postoperative .
6
24232938
conclusions
The present data showed similar contrast sensitivities during one-year follow-up of wave-front guided refractive surgeries .
7
24232938
conclusions
Moreover , one year postoperative data showed no differences in the effects of either wavefront-guided LASIK or wavefront-guided PRK on the luminance and chromatic spatial contrast sensitivity functions .
8
25713429
objective
Survivors of cervical cancer experience quality-of-life ( QOL ) disruptions that persist years after treatment .
0
25713429
objective
This study examines the effect of a psychosocial telephone counseling ( PTC ) intervention on QOL domains and associations with biomarkers .
1
25713429
methods
We conducted a randomized clinical trial in survivors of cervical cancer , who were @ and less than @ months from diagnosis ( n = @ ) , to compare PTC to usual care ( UC ) .
2
25713429
methods
PTC included five weekly sessions and a @-month booster .
3
25713429
methods
Patient-reported outcomes ( PROs ) and biospecimens were collected at baseline and @ and @ months after enrollment .
4
25713429
methods
Changes in PROs over time and associations with longitudinal change in cytokines as categorical variables were analyzed using multivariable analysis of variance for repeated measures .
5
25713429
results
Participant mean age was @ years ; @ % of women were Hispanic , and @ % were non-Hispanic white .
6