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direct microsurgical clipping of complex paraclinoid i.c. aneuryms remains a formidable technical challenge due to the auneurysms deep location at the skull base with adjacent bony anatomy C1 size wide neck and complex neuroanatomical relationships in this operative video atlas manuscript the author demonstrates a stepbystep technique for microsurgical clip reconstruction of a large complex ventral paraclinoid carotid artery aneurysm using a trapping and direct suction decompression strategy followed by multiple fenestrated clip reconstruction of the ICA i.a. ica via a modified orbitozygomatic approach the nuances of skull base techniques are illustrated including extradural optic nerve decompression extradural anterior clinoidectomy incision of the falciform ligament to untether the optic nerve and release of the distal durai ring to obtain proximal control reconstruction of the ica and preservation of the anterior choroidal artery were achieved with multiple fenestrated clips aneurysm obliteration and patency of flow through the ica was confirmed on video indocyanine green and catheter angiography although novel endovascular strategies continue to evolve these microsurgical skull base techniques should remain in the surgical armamentarium for treating these complex cranial base V1 lesions the video can be found here httpyoutubeipslslkds
|
6|27|76|77|180
|
carotid artery|large|internal carotid|artery|vascular
|
aneurysms of the posterior circulation remain challenging lesions given their proximity to the BS and cranial nerves many of these aneurysms may best be approached through a retrosigmoidsuboccipital craniectomy with a farlateral transcondylar extension in this narrated video illustration we present the case of a yearold man with an incidentally discovered rightsided anterior inferior cerebellar artery aica aneurysm diagnostic studies included ct angiography and cerebral angiography a suboccipital craniectomy and farlateral transcondylar extension were performed for microsurgical trapping and excision of the aica aneurysm the techniques of the retrosigmoid craniectomy c laminectomy condylectomy and microsurgical trapping of the aneurysm are reviewed the video can be found here httpyoutubejimcxvwxnk
|
13
|
brainstem
|
aneurysms of the posterior cerebral artery pca are a distinct pathological entity and are surgically challenging fusiform aneurysms involving the pca are quite rare and scarcely reported in the literature in this video we demonstrate the utility of the subtemporal RPA to surgically reconstruct an unruptured fusiform aneurysm of the left pca located at the junction of p and p segments curved clips were used to reconstruct the aneurysm such that flow was maintained in the parent vessel as well as distal branches postoperatively the patient remained neurologically intact the video can be found here httpyoutubelyzupsamc
|
40
|
approach
|
we present surgical clipping of a giant M1 aneurysm the patient is a yearold woman who suffered subarachnoid hemorrhage in she was treated with coiling of the aneurysm at an outside institution she presented to our clinic with headaches and was found on angiography to have giant recurrence of the aneurysm to allow adequate exposure for clipping we performed the surgery through a cranioorbitozygomatic coz skull base approach which is demonstrated the surgery was performed in an operating roomangiography hybrid suite allowing for high quality intraoperative angiography the technique and room flow are also demonstrated the video can be found here httpyoutubeeepcyomim
|
7
|
middle cerebral artery
|
patients with BL anterior circulation aneurysms present a management challenge these lesions may be treated in a staged manner or alternatively for select patients a CL approach may be utilized to treat bilateral aneurysms with a single surgery in this narrated video illustration we present the case of a yearold woman with incidentally discovered BL aneurysms left middle cerebral artery mca left anterior choroidal artery and right mca a contralateral approach through a left pterional craniotomy was performed formicrosurgical clipping of all three aneurysms the techniques of pterional craniotomy CL approach microsurgical clipping and intraoperative angiography are reviewed the authors are grateful to wuyang yang md for his assistance the video can be found here httpyoutubemlpiuhqzkg
|
2|25|54|89
|
bilateral|contralateral|bilateral|contralateral
|
the kinase tak is required for the OD of conventional and regulatory t cells we previously reported that mice with conditional deletion of tak in t cells lckcretakflfl mice exhibited severe t lymphopenia and were nevertheless predisposed to spontaneous colitis with unknown etiology here we focused on the immunopathological mechanism in colitic lckcretakflfl mice we found that leaky cd TA retaining tak acquired inflammatory phenotypes that contribute to disease ON in lckcretakflfl mice furtherevaluating the diagnostic value of nuclear matrix protein nmp for bladder cancer in terms of the outlined researches among people susceptible to environmental toxins a review of the current literature depicts that no research on rho between nmp and genetic susceptibility has been conducted so far there is some evidence that nmp protein is particularly important in highrisk groups eg among tobacco smokers the work also describes the methods of detecting nmp protein and factors that may influence the results the review of current literature showed that nmp cannot replace invasive cystoscopy neither in screening for bladder cancer nor in followup the nmp test could be useful for determining the frequency of cystoscopy and for early detection of highgrade PT research focused on improving the specificity of this marker seems to be crucial eg through the correlation between nmp and other parameters eg other laboratory tests which is confirmed by preliminary data about combining various markers
|
7|59|69|108|192
|
development|t cells|onset|correlation|tumors
|
in the bordeline personality disorder a large role ascribe to biopsychosocial AF studies have shown that more than patients bpd reported experiencing traumatic events in childhood the findings are confirming that making selfharming is a frequent symptom of bordeline disorder and patients show at least one act of selfharming selfharming can be a reaction to maladaptive emotional regulation moreover a lowered tolerance level is characteristic of them to the AS and determined course learning dysfunctional patterns of behavior
|
11|69
|
factors|stress
|
meckel diverticulum is the most common congenital defect of samll intestine in most cases it remains asymptomatic however in some patients it may be the cause of many nonspecific signs and symptoms in this paper we would like to present a case of intestinal obstruction caused by meckel diverticulum intussusception in the ileum in yearold patient the patient complaint of dull abdominal pain which have been subsiding for hours and vomiting results of laboratory test were within normal limits abdomian xray suggested mechanic one of small intestine patient was qualified for urgent surgery during the operation intussusception of cm of small intestine was found the leading point of intussusception was long meckel diverticulum with single small connection with omentum the authors wish to note that in the differential diagnosis of nonspecific recurrent pain and mechanical small bowel obstruction regardless of age the presence of meckel diverticulum should always be taken into consideration
|
83
|
obstruction
|
the external auditory canal cholesteatoma is a rare and difficult to diagnose disease symptoms are similar to the external ear canal inflammation and can be masked by retained cerumen in the article we described a case of year old mentally impairment women with bilateral otorrhea in the past treated for external ear canal inflammation the otoscopic examination showed bilateral congenital AEP canal stenosis with masses obstructing ear canals imaging and histopathologic studies revealed BL external ear canal cholesteatoma the patient was qualified for surgery which together with a guardian did not consent presented case indicates the necessity for widening the diagnostic of recurrent external ear canal inflammation
|
60|73
|
auditory|bilateral
|
PIT apoplexy is a lifethreatening circumstance developing as a result of ischemia or hemorrhage into preexisting pituitary tumor frequency of this condition is hard to be precisely estimated clinical course is characteristic and commonly consists of severe headache accompanied by nausea vomiting impaired consciousness visual field impairment as well as eyeballs movement restriction symptoms are typically accompanied by secondary AI severe course of pituitary apoplexy requires hospitalization and immediate medical treatment corticosteroids are drugs of choice regarding coexisting AI in case of a lack of expected both general and neurological improvement during conservative treatment a surgery might be necessary prognosis in case of a proper treatment is good every patient after pituitary apople
|
0|59|78
|
pituitary|adrenal insufficiency|adrenal insufficiency
|
this paper presents current data on the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus classification and new diagnostic methods gestational diabetes mellitus gdm is defined as carbohydrate intolerance first detected during pregnancy it is the most common metabolic disorder of Pr women the frequency of its occurrence depends on inter alia body weight belonging to a particular ethnic group and diagnostic methods gdm reveals usually between and weeks of gestation the development of diabetes in pregnancy poses a threat to both the mother and the fetus it is associated with an increased incidence of birth defects in newborns impaired intrauterine fetal growth higher incidence of premature births and greater percentage of the intrauterine fetus death amongst women complicated by gestational diabetes arterial hypertension more often unfolds in the OD of gestational diabetes mellitus important role apart from maternal and fetal hyperinsulinemia play antagonistic to insulin placental hormones tnfα placental proinflammatory cytokines resistin leptin ghrelin
|
38|126
|
pregnant|development
|
Se is pivotal PE in maintaining homeostasis of human body it is capable of exerting an influence on immunological responses cell growth and viral defence nevertheless it is mostly required for the proper thyroid function there were described selenoproteins which play various roles in human body selenium is an essential particle in the active site of enzymes such as gpxs glutathione peroxidases ds deiodinases and trs thioredoxin reductases owing to this it has a fundamental importance in the synthesis and function of thyroid hormones and protects cells against free radicals and oxidative damage intake of selenium necessary to maintain suitable selenoenzyme activity ranges from μg to μg per day selenium deficiency contributes to decreased activity of gpxs which can lead to oxidative damage or ds which is connected with impaired thyroid activity moreover a low selenium concentration causes autoimmune processes in the thyroid gland thus Se deficiency is essential in pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroiditis or graves disease because of regulation of the cell cycle a decreased concentration of Se impacts on the development of thyroid CA
|
0|3|145|168|175
|
selenium|element|selenium|selenium|cancer
|
gout has recently become the most common ICA in developed countries however studies indicate that treatment of gout is still insufficient new discoveries including the role of inflammasome inflammatory cytokines ilβ iltnfα but also identification of the urat transporter or genetic mutation of slca has given better understanding of the pathophysiology of gout and enable to use new therapies new options in treatment significantly reduced the number of patients resistant to existing procedures and created opportunities for a better individualization of the treatment in this authors article in a practical way try to summary knowledge about the pathogenesis of the disease and the current guidelines for the diagnosis the treatment of nonpharmacological and pharmacological treatment
|
7
|
arthritis
|
simulation is the methodology of teaching learning process using educational equipment from simple simulators designed to study individual tasks through advanced mannequins called human patient stimulators faithfully mimic the human and its parameters the medical simulations main task is education and improvement patients safety advanced human simulators can realisticalrs affecting more than of children before years of age essence includes among others attention deficit hyperactivity disorder adhd intellectual disability id and ASDs asd some degree of disability is the rule rather than the exception the causes are heterogeneous ranging from extreme social ED pre and perinatal risk factors genetic and metabolic diseases immune and infectious disorders nutritional factors physical trauma and PN toxic and environmental AF and combinationsinteractions of some or several of these treatments often involve a combination of psychoeducational interventions home and schoolbased programmes and medication here i will first briefly review our main knowledge on the biological pathways associated with early onset neurodevelopmental disorders and will provide useful links to be informed of the progress in the field five main pathways are associated with asd and id chromatin remodelling cytoskeleton dynamics mrna translation metabolism and synapse formationfunction i will then detail three propositions coming from institutions researchers andor communities of patients and families to foster research to use more dimensional and quantitative data than diagnostic categories to increase data sharing and research on genetic and brain diversity in human populations to involve patients and relatives as participants for research finally i will provide examples of very stimulating initiatives towards a more inclusive world for individuals with essence
|
71|92|111|115
|
autism spectrum disorders|deprivation|postnatal|factors
|
breath analysis in respiratory disease is a noninvasive technique which has the potential to complement or replace current screening and diagnostic techniques without inconvenience or harm to the patient recent advances in ion mobility spectrometry ims have allowed exhaled breath to be analysed rapidly reliably and robustly thereby facilitating larger studies of exhaled breath profiles in clinical environments preliminary studies have demonstrated that volatile organic compound voc breath profiles of people with respiratory disease can be distinguished from healthy control CG but there is a need to validate standardise and ensure comparability between laboratories before realtime breath analysis becomes a clinical reality it is also important that breath sampling procedures and methodologies are developed in conjunction with clinicians and the practicalities of working within the clinical setting are considered to allow the full diagnostic potential of these techniques to be realised a protocol is presented which has been developed over three years and successfully deployed for quickly and accurately collecting breath samples from respiratory patients recruited from different AA health care clinics
|
80|168
|
groups|secondary
|
twodimensional structure au nanosheets with a polygon morphology and controlled thicknesses of ⼠nm ⼠nm and ⼠nm were successfully synthesized by a OS solution reduction method scanning and transmission electron microscopy sem and tem selected area electron diffraction sead analyses and xray diffraction xrd were used to thoroughly study the structure and the formation mechanism of the nanosheets the catalytic activity of the au nanosheets was investigated for the reduction of nitrophenol np by uvvisible absorption spectroscopy against all expectation the au nanosheets with such a big lateral more than μm size exhibited superior catalytic activity on the selective reduction of nitrophenol np to aminophenol ap in the presence of nabh on the other hand the catalytic activity does closely depend on the thickness of the nanosheets that is it decreases with increasing thickness the reaction can be completed in less than min when catalyzed by au nanosheets about nm thick the conversion efficiency was further demonstrated after two catalytic cycles with the thinnest au nanosheets
|
24
|
onestep
|
this study was designed to assess natural variation in composition and metabolites in genetically diverse non GM maize hybrids grown at six locations in north america results showed that C2 of compositional components in maize forage were affected by environment more than TT crude protein all amino acids except lysine manganese and βcarotene in maize grain were affected by environment more than TT however most proximates and fibers all fatty acids lysine most minerals vitamins and secondary metabolites in maize grain were affected by genotype more than environment a strong interaction between genotype and environment was seen for some analytes the results could be used as reference values for future nutrient composition studies of genetically modified crops and to expand conventional compositional data sets these results may be further used as a genetic basis for improvement of the nutritional value of maize grain by molecular breeding and biotechnology approaches
|
16|29|42|62
|
genetically modified|levels|genotype|genotype
|
the use of endoscopic papillectomy for resecting adenomas in the major duodenal papilla is increasing this T0 focuses on the following three issues can endoscopic papillectomy be performed as a safe diagnostic andor therapeutic procedure in biopsyverified or suspected ampullary adenoma does expression of mutated kras in resected adenomatous tissue predict LT outcome what other AF may affect longterm outcome and should therefore be considered in decision making prior to endoscopic papillectomy
|
16|51|55
|
study|longterm|factors
|
solventfree desymmetrisation of mesodialdehyde with chiral phenylethanol led to preparation of silyloxyalkyloxytetrahydrohpyranone a with a dr deprotected lactone a and the related racemic AHL aa present a lactone moiety resembling the NK substrate of hmgcoa reductase and their antifungal properties have been evaluated against the phytopathogenic fungi botrytis cinerea and colletotrichum gloeosporioides these compounds were selectively active against b cinerea while inactive against c gloeosporioides
|
23|31
|
lactones|natural
|
L1 depressive disorder is a common consequence of exposure to the proinflammatory cytokine interferon alpha which is treated effectively with antidepressant medication antidepressant mode of action may conflict with interferon alphas mechanism in treating hepatitis c however
|
0
|
major
|
most conditions associated with ageing result from an agerelated loss in the function of cells and tissues that maintain body homeostasis in OA oa patients an inadequate response to stress or joint injury can lead to tissue destruction which can result in chronic pain here we evaluated the OD of monoiodoacetate miainduced oa in and monthold mice and assessed the painlike behaviours and the spinal microglial changes associated with mia administration we observed that in aged mice nocifensive behaviour was significantly attenuated in comparison to young adults despite similar knee joint pathology specifically referred mechanical allodynia associated with the mia initial inflammatory phase days was significantly attenuated in monthold mice in contrast the late phase of miainduced mechanical allodynia was comparable between age groups significant increase of microglia cell numbers was detected in but not and monthold spinal cords furthermore in the zymosan model of acute inflammation mechanical allodynia was attenuated and microglial response was less robust in compared to monthold mice this study suggests that nocifensive responses to damaging stimuli are altered with advancing age and microglial response to peripheral damage is less robuston the optimal hofe ratio to evaluate the significance of four parameters relevant to the treatment process namely ho dosage initial ph oxidation time and coagulation ph the influence of the four parameters on cod removal efficiency decreased as follows ho dosageoxidation timecoagulation phinitial ph the cod removal efficiency was further investigated based on the most important singlefactor parameter which was ho dosage as discovered in the orthogonal test a wellfitted empirical rho was obtained from the singlefactor analysis and up to cod removal was attained using mm ho using the doses and conditions identified in this study the treated oilwater w/o/w can be discharged according to chinese standard js
|
22|48|256|285
|
osteoarthritis|development|correlation|emulsion
|
soil erosion and land desertification are the most serious environmental problems globally this study investigated the changes in streamflow and sediment load from to in the ten great gullies area of the upper yellow river tests for gradual trends mannkendall test and abrupt changes pettitt test identify that significant declines in streamflow and sediment load occurred in in two typical gullies a comparison of climatic variability before and after the change points shows no statistically significant trends in annual precipitation and potential evapotranspiration human MICs have been very active in the region and during and km of land were converted respectively to forests and grassland with corresponding increases of and in addition a large number of check dams have been built up in the upper reaches of the ten gullies these measures were likely responsible for the significant decline in the annual streamflow and sediment load over the last years
|
84
|
activities
|
linear and nonlinear regression procedures have been applied to the langmuir freundlich tempkin dubininradushkevich and redlichpeterson isotherms for adsorption of acid yellow ay dye onto red pine pinus resinosa sawdust the effects of parameters such as particle size stirring rate contact time dye concentration adsorption dose ph and temperature were investigated and interaction was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and field emission SEM microscope the nonlinear method of the langmuir isotherm equation was found to be the best fitting MM to the equilibrium data the maximum ML adsorption capacity was found as mgg the calculated thermodynamic results suggested that ay adsorption onto red pine sawdust was an exothermic physisorption and spontaneous process kinetics was analyzed by four different kinetic equations using nonlinear regression analysis the pseudosecondorder equation provides the best fit with experimental data
|
63|80|87
|
scanning electron|model|monolayer
|
here we report the first implementation of G1 ion electron transfer dissociation aietd for top down protein characterization showing that aietd definitively extends the mz range over which etd can be effective for fragmentation of intact proteins aietd which leverages infrared photon bombardment concurrent to the etd reaction to mitigate nondissociative electron transfer was performed using a novel multipurpose dissociation cell that can perform both beamtype collisional dissociation and ionion reactions on an ion traporbitrap hybrid mass spectrometer aietd increased the number of c and ztype product ions for all charge states over etd alone boosting product ion yield by nearly fold for low charge density precursors aietd also outperformed hcd generating more matching fragments for all proteins at all charge states investigated in addition to generating more unique fragment ions aietd provided greater protein sequence coverage compared to both hcd and etd in all the effectiveness of aietd across the entirety of the mz spectrum demonstrates its efficacy for robust fragmentation of intact proteins
|
7
|
activated
|
assortative mating is an important issue in explaining antisocial aggressive behavior it is yet unclear whether the similarity paradigm fully explains frequent displays of aggression in adolescents romantic relationships in a sample of romantic partner dyads differences between female and male partners reports of aggression psychological and PCS and different measures of relationship functioning eg jealousy conflicts and the affiliative and romantic SQ of the relationship were assessed a hierarchical cluster analysis identified five distinct subgroups of dyads based on male and female reports of psychological and physical aggression nonaggressive couples couples with higher perceived aggressiveness both PCS and psychological by females couples with higher aggressiveness perceived by males and mutually aggressive couples a substantial number of nonaggressive dyads emerged of note was the high number of females showing onesided aggression which was however not countered by their partner the mutually aggressive couples showed the least adaptive relationship functioning with a lack of supportive trusting relationship qualities high conflict rates and high jealousy the discussion focuses on the different functions of aggression in these early romantic relations and the aggravating impact of mutual aggression on relationship functioning and its potential antisocial outcomes
|
47|62|97
|
physical|quality|physical
|
the purpose of this T0 is to evaluate the ability of ML to discriminate between magnetic resonance images mri of normal and pathological human articular cartilage obtained under standard clinical conditions
|
4|11
|
study|machine learning
|
many studies have investigated how multiple stimuli combine to reach threshold there are broadly speaking two ways this can occur additive summation as where inputs from the different stimuli add together in a single mechanism or probability summation ps where different stimuli are detected independently by separate mechanisms ps is traditionally modeled under high threshold theory htt however tests have shown that htt is incorrect and that signal PCD theory sdt is the better FR for modeling summation modeling the equivalent of ps under sdt is however relatively complicated leading many investigators to use monte carlo simulations for the predictions we derive formulas that employ numerical integration to predict the proportion correct for detecting multiple stimuli assuming ps under sdt for the situations in which stimuli are either equal or unequal in strength both formulas are general purpose calculating performance for forcedchoice tasks with m alternatives n stimuli in q monitored mechanisms each subject to a nonlinear transducer with exponent Ï we show how the probability and additive summation formulas can be used to simulate psychometric functions which when fitted with weibull functions make signature predictions for how thresholds and psychometric function slopes vary as a CF of Ï n and q we also show how one can fit the formulas directly to real psychometric functions using data from a binocular summation experiment and show how one can obtain estimates of Ï and test whether binocular summation conforms more to ps or as the methods described here can be readily applied using software functions newly added to the palamedes toolbox
|
68|74|196
|
detection|framework|function
|
the aim of this work is to establish the human metacarpal as a new whole joint surface earlystage osteoarthritis oa MM that enables comparisons of AC and subchondral bone through high resolution contrastenhanced ct cect imaging mechanical testing and biochemical analysis
|
20|25
|
model|articular cartilage
|
we demonstrate a new type of interaction between suprathreshold color chromatic and luminance contrast in the context of binocular vision when two isoluminant colored disks of identical hue but different saturations are presented to different eyes the apparent saturation of the resulting dichoptic mix is close to that of the more saturated patch if presented binocularly this result is commensurate with previous findings using luminance contrast and is close to tthe plant compounds apigenin api and transferulic acid tfa as well as the uv absorbers octyl methoxycinnamate omc and methylbenzylidene camphor mbc they were compared with the selective Rp modulators sprms MIF ru and ulipristal acetate upa as well as the full prantagonist zk effects of test EDC in combination with progesterone on the progesteronesensitive target gene estrogen sulfotransferase sulte were characterized by sigmoidal concentrationresponse curves obtained by rtqpcr the agonistic effect of progesterone on sulte mrna levels was concentrationdependently antagonized by ru upa and zk as well as with lower potency apigenin tfa omc and mbc had no effect on sulte mrna levels we demonstrated that apigenin although at higher concentrations exerts a similar effect as the wellcharacterized sprms ru and upa or the progesterone antagonist zk in this MM our endometriumspecific ishikawa cell assay is a useful complement to artificial transactivation assays for the identification of environmental substances with antiprogestin activities
|
98|101|117|200
|
progesterone receptor|mifepristone|compounds|model
|
OP op and cardiovascular diseases cvd are the most important causes of mortality and morbility in the elderly lots of studies showed a correlation between bone loss and cardiovascular risk mediated by the VC the relationship between op and cvd could be firstly explained by their common risk factors such as age smoking alcohol consumption PCS activity and menopause however other different hypotheses were proposed to clarify this link multiple AF for example bone morphogenetic proteins osteoprotegerin receptor activator of nuclear factor κb ligand parathyroid hormone phosphate oxidized lipids and vitamins d and k seemed to be involved in both conditions indicating a possible common pathophysiologic mechanism we review and discuss the available data describing this association further studies are necessary to better investigate similarities between op and cvd
|
0|33|55|70
|
osteoporosis|vascular calcification|physical|factors
|
to examine the additional diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging mri after administration of a weak albumin IB UCA in postendovascular EAR evar patients with aneurysm growth with no or uncertain endoleak after computed tomography angiography cta
|
17|18|21
|
binding|contrast agent|aneurysm repair
|
the aim was to analyze the role played by anatomy and stent VG in the incidence of incomplete apposition to aortic arch
|
12
|
graft
|
cushings disease cd is the commonest form of acthdependent cushings syndrome and is a rare clinical diagnosis in paediatric and adolescent patients cd is caused by an acthsecreting PIT corticotroph adenoma and is associated with significant morbidity in children therefore early diagnosis and treatment are critical for optimal therapeutic outcome this review highlights the key clinical and biochemical features of paediatric cd and appraises current practices in diagnosis and management a close liaison with adult endocrinology colleagues particularly for interpretation of investigations and definition of therapeutic strategy is strongly advised
|
28
|
pituitary
|
according to stressvulnerability models social stressors contribute to the onset of schizophrenia stigma and discrimination associated with mental illness may be a stressor for young people at risk of psychosis even prior to illness ON but quantitative longitudinal data on this issue are lacking we examined the cognitive appraisal of stigmarelated stress as predictor of transition to schizophrenia among young people at risk of psychosis in zürich switzerland participants between and years old and with either high or ultrahigh risk of psychosis or risk of bipolar disorder were included with dropouts transition was assessed during months among participants of whom converted to schizophrenia at baseline the cognitive appraisal of stigma as a stressor was measured by selfreport based on the primary appraisal of stigma as harmful and the secondary appraisal of resources to cope with stigma positive and negative PS were examined using the positive and negative syndrome scale compared with participants who did not convert to schizophrenia converters had significantly more positive p and negative p symptoms and reported higher C2 of stigmarelated harm p and stress p at baseline more perceived harm due to stigma at baseline predicted transition to schizophrenia odds ratio ci after adjusting for age gender symptoms and functioning stigma AS may increase the risk of transition to schizophrenia research is needed on interventions that reduce public negative attitudes towards young people at risk and that support individuals at risk to cope with stigmarelated AS
|
34|139|171|205|239
|
onset|symptoms|levels|stress|stress
|
the wisconsin schizotypy scales wss are widely used for assessing schizotypy confirmatory factor analysis cfa indicates that a twofactor structure positive and negative schizotypy underlies these scales recently developed item short forms of the wss demonstrated good reliability and validity this study examined the factor structure underlying the shortform wss consistent with the original scales cfa on three C1 samples n and respectively indicated that a twofactor model with positive and negative dimensions provided better fit than a generic schizotypy model for the shortform wss the shortform dimensions correlated highly with the original scale dimensions and displayed good stability across weeks preliminary construct validity was demonstrated through associations with interview and questionnaire measures of psychopathology SF-36 and personality comparable to those found with the original wss this is the first study examining the dimensional structure of the short wss and the validity of these dimensions the findings support the multidimensional nature of schizotypy and the appropriateness of dimensions derived from the shortform wss
|
58|115
|
large|functioning
|
a significant relationship exists between experiencing psychosis and both engaging in criminal offending and being a victim of crime a substantial proportion of violence and offending occurs during the first episode of psychosis but it is unclear whether such behaviour is also evident in the earlier prepsychotic stage of illness as part of a prospective study of young people who were seeking help for MH problems we enquired about participants experiences of being charged andor convicted of a criminal offence and being a victim of crime this paper uses crosssectional baseline data to compare the rates of these forensic outcomes in participants atrisk of psychosis n with those not atrisk n univariate logistic regression showed that the atrisk for psychosis group was significantly more likely than the not atrisk participants to report having been charged by police vs p and convicted by the courts vs p with a nonviolent offence as well as to have been convicted of any criminal offence vs p the atrisk were also more likely to report having been a victim of crime vs p particularly violent victimization vs p in multivariate logistic regression analyses being atrisk for psychosis remained a significant predictor of three of the four outcome measures after controlling for other known covariates such as gender age substance misuse and unemployment this is the first T0 to demonstrate that relative to their nonpsychotic helpseekinvation of bacteria by promoting the adhesion of tio particles to the cell surface FM and scanning electron microscopy analyses further confirmed that high capsular eps density led to more tio particles attaching to cells and forming bacteriumtio aggregates calculations of interaction energy represented by extended derjaguinlandauverweyoverbeek xdlvo potential suggested that the presence of capsular eps enhances the att of tio particles to bacterial cells via acidbase interactions consideration of these mechanisms is critical for understanding bacteriumnanoparticle interactions and the photocatalytic inactivation of bacteria
|
64|222|244|288
|
mental health|study|fluorescence microscopy|attachment
|
the international society for computational biology iscb httpwwwiscborg honors a senior scientist annually for his or her outstanding achievements with the iscb accomplishment by a senior scientist award this award recognizes a leader in the field of computational biology for his or her significant contributions to the community through research service and education cyrus chothia an emeritus scientist at the MRC laboratory of molecular biology and emeritus fellow of wolfson college at cambridge university england is the iscb accomplishment by a senior scientist award winnerchothia was selected by the awards committee which is chaired by dr bonnie berger of the massachusetts institute of technology he will receive his award and deliver a keynote presentation at intelligent systems for molecular biologyeuropean conference on computational biology in dublin ireland in july
|
60
|
medical research council
|
genomewide approaches to the study of hybrid vigor have identified epigenetic changes in the hybrid nucleus in arabidopsis arabidopsis thaliana maize zea mays and rice oryza sativa dna methylation associated with nucleotide si rnas exhibits transallelic effects in hybrids of arabidopsis and other species some of the transmethylation changes are inherited and some affect gene expression hybrids have larger leaves than those of the parents and have increases in cell size and number the increased leaf size results in a greater photosynthetic capacity which may support the increased vegetative and reproductive yields of the f hybrids genes and metabolic pathways that have altered expression relative to the parents include loci involved in responses to hormones and to biotic and abiotic stress whereas epigenetically induced changes in gene expression may contribute to hybrid vigor the link between the transcriptional changes and the hybrid phenotype is not confirmed recurrent selection of high yielding f lines from the ff of a number of crops has fixed heterosis yields in pure breeding lines these hybridlike lines may have valuable applications in crop systems
|
32
|
small interfering
|
iron homeostasis is essential for plant growth and development here we report that a mutation in general control nonrepressed protein gcn impaired iron translocation from the root to the shoot in arabidopsis arabidopsis thaliana illumina highthroughput sequencing revealed gcnregulated candidate genes potentially involved in iron homeostasis chromatin immunoprecipitation assays indicated that five genes atg atg atg atg and atg are direct targets of gcn in iron homeostasis regulation notably gcnmediated acetylation of histone lysine and histone lysine of ferric reductase defective frd determined the dynamic expression of frd consistent with the function of frd as a citrate efflux protein the iron retention defect in gcn was rescued and fertility was partly restored by overexpressing frd moreover iron PR in gcn roots was significantly reduced by the exogenous application of citrate collectively these data suggest that gcn plays a critical role in frdmediated iron homeostasis our results provide novel insight into the chromatinbased regulation of iron homeostasis in arabidopsis
|
117
|
retention
|
sugars not only serve as energy and cellular carbon skeleton but also function as signaling molecules regulating growth and development in plants understanding the molecular mechanisms in sugar signaling pathways will provide more information for improving plant growth and OD here we describe a sugarhypersensitive recessive mutant tang lightgrown tang mutants have short roots and increased starch and anthocyanin contents when grown on highsugar concentration medium darkgrown tang plants exhibit sugarhypersensitive hypocotyl elongation and enhanced dark development the tang mutants also show an enhanced response to ABA but reduced response to ethylene thus tang displays a range of alterations in sugar signalingrelated responses the tang gene was isolated by a mapbased cloning approach and encodes a previously uncharacterized unique protein with a predicted symplekin tightjunction protein c terminus expression analysis indicates that tang is ubiquitously expressed at moderate levels in different organs and throughout the arabidopsis arabidopsis thaliana life cycle however its expression is not affected by highsugar treatment genetic analysis shows that prl and tang have additive effects on sugarrelated responses furthermore the mutation of tang does not affect the expression of genes involved in known sugar signaling pathways taken together these results suggest that tang a unique gene plays an important role in sugar responses in arabidopsis
|
39|86
|
development|abscisic acid
|
responsiveness is a dimension of health system SF-36 and might be dependent upon contextual factors related to politics given this we performed crossnational comparisons with the aim of investigating the associations of political factors with patients reports of health system responsiveness and the extent to which health input and output might explain these associations world health survey data were analyzed for countries n main outcomes included respectively and responsiveness domains for inpatient and OP care linear multilevel regressions were used to assess the associations of politics namely civil liberties and polmore the gut microbiotatriggered signaling was also a key event leading to the pathogenesis we discovered that lckcretakflfl mice were almost completely devoid of tcrαβcdα intestinal IEL lymphocytes iels and this was largely due to the developmental defect of the thymic precursors by tak deficiency remarkably transfer of tcrαβcdα iels from wildtype mice ameliorated colitis in lckcretakflfl mice taken together our current T0 highlighted the emerging role of tak in configuring the gutspecialized t cell subset which regulates mucosal homeostasis under lymphopenic conditions
|
7|73|116|152
|
functioning|outpatient|intraepithelial|study
|
finding new methods for generating human monoclonal antibodies is an active research field that is important for both basic and applied sciences including the OD of immunotherapeutics however the techniques to identify and produce such antibodies tend to be arduous and sometimes the heavy and light chain pair of the antibodies are dissociated here we describe a relatively simple straightforward protocol to produce human recombinant monoclonal antibodies from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells using immortalization with epsteinbarr virus ebv and tolllike receptor activation with an adequate staining B1 producing antibodies can be isolated for subsequent immortalization and clonal expansion the antibody transcripts produced by the immortalized b cell clones can be amplified by pcr sequenced as corresponding heavy and CS chain pairs and cloned into immunoglobulin expression vectors the antibodies obtained with this technique can be powerful tools to study relevant human immune responses including autoimmunity and create the basis for new therapeutics
|
24|87|119
|
development|b cells|light
|
functional rhinoplasty is a term that is commonly used to describe any technique used to address nasal obstruction in the nasal valve region the cause of nasal valve collapse differs based on the site internal valve collapse may be idiopathic or associated with previous rhinoplasty trauma or weakened cartilage in older patients external valve collapse is usually idiopathic and less likely to be associated with previous surgery various techniques have been developed over time and the data in support of PET rhinoplasty continue to increase
|
80
|
functional
|
regeneration of lost myocardium is an important goal for future therapies because of the increasing occurrence of chronic ischemic HF and the limited access to donor NF an example of a treatment to recover the function of the HR consists of the local delivery of drugs and bioactives from a hydrogel in this paper a method is introduced to formulate and inject a drugloaded hydrogel noninvasively and sidespecific into the pig HR using a long flexible catheter the use of d electromechanical mapping and injection via a catheter allows sidespecific treatment of the myocardium to provide a hydrogel compatible with this catheter a supramolecular hydrogel is used because of the convenient switching from a gel to a solution state using environmental triggers at basic ph this ureidopyrimidinone modified PE glycol acts as a newtonian fluid which can be easily injected but at physiological ph the solution rapidly switches into a gel these mild switching conditions allow for the incorporation of bioactive drugs and bioactive species such as growth factors and exosomes as we present here in both in vitro and in vivo experiments the in vitro experiments give an on forehand indication of the gel stability and drug PR which allows for tuning of the gel and PR properties before the subsequent application in vivo this combination allows for the optimal tuning of the gel to the used bioactive EDC and species and the i.t. system
|
19|26|38|71|128|198|207|229|234
|
heart failure|hearts|heart|heart|polyethylene|release|release|compounds|injection
|
likecharge ionpair formation in an aqueous solution of guanidinium chloride gdmcl has two important facets on one hand it describes the role of the arginine arg side chain in aggregation and dimer formation in proteins and on the other hand it lends support for the direct mechanism of protein denaturation by gdmcl we employ allatom molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the effect of gdmcl concentration on the likecharge ionpair formation of guanidinium ions gdm from analyses of the radial CSD function rdf between the carbon atoms of two guanidinium moieties the existence of both contact pairs and solventseparated pairs has been observed although the peak height corresponding to the contactpair state decreases the number of gdm ions in the contactpair state actually increases with increasing gdmcl concentration we have also investigated the effect of the concentration of gdm on the structure of water the effect of gdmcl concentration on the radial and tetrahedral structures of water is found to be negligibly small however gdmcl concentration has a considerable effect on the hydrogenbonding structure of water it is demonstrated that the presence of chloride ions not gdm in the first solvation shell of water causes the distortion in the hydrogenbonding network of water in order to establish that gdm not only stacks against another gdm but also directly attacks the arg residue of a protein or peptide simulation of an argrich peptide in m aqueous solution of gdmcl has been performed the analyses of rdfs and orientation distributions reveal that the gdm moiety of the gdmcl attacks the same moiety in the arg side chain with a parallel stacking orientation
|
79
|
distribution
|
the advanced glycation end products ages of proteins are common factors in the pathophysiology of a number of disorders related to aging the skin generation of ages occurs mainly through nonenzymatic glycation reactions of extracellular matrix ecm proteins in the dermis the ages have been touted as one of the factors responsible for healing impairment and loss of elasticity of healing skin affecting growth differentiation and cellular motility as well as cytokines response MPs expression and vascular hemostasis in this study we generated an in vitro fullthickness reconstructed skin based on a glycated collagen matrix dermal compartment to evaluate the effects of glycation on dermal ecm and ultimately on the epidermis epidermal differentiation and stratification patterns and the glycationinduced ecm changes were evaluated by histology immunohistochemistry and mrna levels in this study we reported for the first time thatly cough vomit with artificial chyme and bleed with artificial blood causing a real stress of medical personnel and the need for immediate action medical simulation gives the opportunity to prepare medical personnel to the profession more effectively in less time than traditional education and also clearly affects the patients safety
|
73
|
metalloproteinases
|
perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions pfcne are disperse systems consisting of nanoscale liquid perfluorocarbon droplets stabilized by an emulsifier usually phospholipids perfluorocarbons are chemically inert and nontoxic substances that are exhaled T3 in vivo administration the manufacture of pfcne can be done in large scales by means of high pressure homogenization or microfluidization originally investigated as oxygen carriers for cases of severe blood loss their application nowadays is more focused on using them as marker agents in f magnetic resonance imaging f mri f is scarce in organisms and thus pfcne are a promising tool for highly specific and noninvasive imaging of inflammation via f mri neutrophils monocytes and macrophages phagocytize pfcne and subsequently migrate to inflamed tissues this technique has proven feasibility in numerous disease models in mice rabbits and mini pigs the translation to clinical trials in human needs the OD of a stable nanoemulsion whose droplet size is well characterized over a long storage time usually dynamic light scattering dls is applied as the standard method for determining particle sizes in the nanometer range our study uses a second method analysis of transmission electron microscopy images of cryofixed samples cryotem to evaluate stability of pfcne in comparison to dls four nanoemulsions of different composition are observed for one year the results indicate that dls alone cannot reveal the changes in particle size but can even mislead to a positive estimation of stability the combination with cryotem images gives more insight in the particulate evolution both techniques supporting one another the study is one further step in the development of analytical tools for the evaluation of a clinically applicable perfluorooctylbromide nanoemulsion
|
28|139
|
after|development
|
mycobacterium leprae hsp a L1 immunodominant antigen of m leprae pathogen is a small heat shock protein previously we reported that hsp is a molecular chaperone that prevents aggregation of different chemically and thermally stressed client proteins and assists refolding of denatured enzyme at normal temperature we also demonstrated that it can efficiently prevent the thermal killing of e coli at higher temperature however molecular mechanism behind the chaperone function of hsp is still unclear therefore we studied the structure and chaperone CF of hsp at normal temperature °c as well as at higher temperatures °c our study revealed that the chaperone function of hsp is enhanced significantly with increasing temperature far and nearuv cd experiments suggested that its secondary and tertiary structure remain intact in this temperature range °c besides temperature has no effect on the static oligomeric size of this protein S1 exchange study demonstrated that subunits of hsp exchange at °c with a rate constant of min both rate of subunit exchange and chaperone activity of hsp is found to increase with rise in temperature however the surface hydrophobicity of hsp decreases markedly upon heating and has no correlation with its chaperone function in this temperature range furthermore we observed that hsp exhibits diminished chaperone function in the presence of nacl at °c at elevated temperatures weakening of interactions between hsp and stressed client proteins in the presence of nacl results in greater reduction of its chaperone function the oligomeric size rate of subunit exchange and structural stability of hsp were also found to decrease when electrostatic interactions were weakened these results clearly indicated that S1 exchange and electrostatic interactions play a major role in the chaperone function of hsp
|
4|82|143|268
|
major|function|subunit|subunit
|
λcarrageenan is a seaweed polysaccharide which has been generally used as proinflammatory agent in the basic research however how the immunomodulating activity of λcarrageenan affects RT microenvironment remains unknown in this study we found that intratumoral injection of λcarrageenan could inhibit RT growth in bf and t bearing mice and enhance RT immune response by increasing the number of tumorinfiltrating m macrophages dcs and more activated cdcd t lymphocytes in SP in addition λcarrageenan could enhance the secretion of ila in spleen and significantly increase the level of tnfα in tumor most of which was secreted by infiltrating macrophages moreover λcarrageenan exhibited an efficient adjuvant effect in ovabased preventative and therapeutic vaccine for CA treatment which significantly enhanced the production of antiova antibody the toxicity analysis suggested that λcarrageenan was with a good safety profile thus λcarrageenan might be used both as a potent antitumor agent and an efficient adjuvant in CA immunotherapy
|
25|41|51|70|113|151
|
tumor|tumor|tumor|spleen|cancer|cancer
|
the prognostic value of circulating tumor cells ctcs in OC has been investigated in previous studies but the results are controversial therefore we performed a metaanalysis to systematically review these data and evaluate the value of ctcs in OC
|
9|38
|
ovarian cancer|ovarian cancer
|
nasal polyps frequently occur in people with cystic fibrosis sinus infections have been shown to be a factor in the OD of serious chest complications in these people NPs have been linked to a higher risk of LRT infections with pseudomonas aeruginosa topical nasal steroids are of proven tau for treating nasal polyposis in the noncystic fibrosis population there is no clear current evidence for the efficacy of topical steroids for nasal polyps in people with cystic fibrosis this is an updated version of a previously published review
|
20|28|37|48
|
development|nasal polyps|lower respiratory tract|efficacy
|
the recovery and reuse of catalysts is a major challenge in the development of sustainable chemical processes two methods at the frontier between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis have recently emerged for addressing this problem loading the catalyst onto a dendrimer or onto a magnetic nanoparticle in this account we describe representative examples of these two methods primarily from our research group and compare them we then describe new chemistry that combines the benefits of these two methods of catalysis classic dendritic catalysis has involved either attaching the catalyst covalently at the branch termini or within the dendrimer core we have used chelating pyridyltriazole ligands to insolubilize catalysts at the termini of dendrimers providing an efficient recyclable heterogeneous catalysts with the addition of dendritic unimolecular micelles olefin metathesis reactions catalyzed by commercial grubbstype rutheniumbenzylidene complexes in water required unusually low amounts of catalyst when such dendritic micelles include intradendritic ligands both the micellar effect and ligand acceleration promote faster catalysis in water with these types of catalysts we could carry out azide alkyne cycloaddition click chemistry with only ppm amounts of cuso·ho and sodium ascorbate under ambient conditions alternatively we can attach catalysts to the surface of superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs spions essentially magnetite feo or maghemite γfeo offering the opportunity to recover the catalysts using magnets taking advantage of the merits of both of these strategies we and others have developed a new generation of recyclable catalysts dendritic magnetically recoverable catalysts in particular some of our catalysts with a γfeosio core and triazole tethers and loaded with pd NPs generate strong positive dendriticitical rights socioeconomic OD health system input and health system output measured by MM with responsiveness domains adjusted for demographic factors political rights showed positive associations with dignity regression coefficient standard error SQ and support for inpatient care and with dignity confidentiality and SQ for outpatient care positive associations were observed for civil liberties as well health system input and SO reduced observed associations results tentatively suggest that strengthening political rights and to a certain extent civil liberties might improve health system responsiveness in part through their effect on health system input and output
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199|258|265|275|294|305|322
|
nanoparticles|nanoparticles|development|maternal mortality|quality|quality|output
|
physiological angiogenesis depends on the highly coordinated actions of multiple angiogenic regulators ccn is a secreted cysteinerich and integrinbinding matricellular protein required for proper cardiovascular development however our understanding of the cellular origins and activities of this molecule is incomplete here we show that ccn is predominantly expressed in angiogenic EC cells ecs at the leading front of actively growing vessels in the mouse retina endothelial deletion of ccn in mice using a crelox system is associated with ec hyperplasia loss of pericyte coverage and formation of dense retinal vascular networks lacking the normal hierarchical arrangement of arterioles capillaries and venules ccn is a product of an immediateearly gene that is transcriptionally induced in ecs in response to stimulation by vascular endothelial growth factor vegf we found that ccn activity is integrated with vegf receptor vegfr activation and downstream signaling pathways required for tubular network formation ccnintegrin IB increased the expression of and association between SH2 domaincontaining protein IMT phosphatase shp and vegfr which leads to rapid dephosphorylation of vegfr IMT thus preventing ec hyperproliferation predictably ccn further brings receptorssignaling molecules into proximity that are otherwise spatially separated furthermore ccn induces integrindependent notch activation in cultured ecs and its targeted gene inactivation in vivo alters notchdependent vascular specification and remodeling suggesting that functional levels of notch signaling requires ccn activity these data highlight novel functions of ccn as a naturally optimized molecule finecontrolling key processes in physiological angiogenesis and safeguarding against aberrant angiogenic responses
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50|147|155|158|170
|
endothelial|binding|src homology|tyrosine|tyrosine
|
gillon r defending the four principles approach as a good basis for good medical practice and therefore for good medical ethics j med ethics â the author misrepresented beauchamp and childress when he wrote âmy own view unlike beauchamp and childress who explicitly state that they make no such claim p is that all moral agents whether or not they are doctors or otherwise involved in healthcare have these prima facie moral obligations but in the context of answering the question âwhat is it to do good medical ethics â my claim is limited to the ethical obligations of doctorsâ the author intended and should have written the following âmy own view unlike beauchamp and childress who explicitly state that they make no such claim p is that these four prima facie principles can provide a basic moral FR not only for medical ethics but for ethics in generalâ
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138
|
framework
|
to investigate the association between resting HR rate and the risk of developing IFG ifg diabetes and conversion from ifg to diabetes
|
6|13
|
heart|impaired fasting glucose
|
parallel changes in body shape may evolve in response to similar environmental conditions but whether such parallel phenotypic changes share a common genetic basis is still debated the goal of this T0 was to assess whether parallel phenotypic changes could be explained by genetic parallelism multiple genetic routes or both we first provide evidence for parallelism in fish shape by using geometric morphometrics among fish representing five species pairs of lake whitefish using a genetic map comprising restriction siteassociated dna sequencing singlenucleotide polymorphisms we then identified quantitative trait loci underlying body shape traits in a backcross family reared in the laboratory a total of body shape quantitative trait loci were identified in this cross thus revealing a highly polygenic architecture of body shape in lake whitefish third we tested for evidence of genetic parallelism among independent wild populations using both a singlelocus method outlier analysis and a polygenic approach analysis of covariation among markers the singlelocus RPA provided limited evidence for genetic parallelism however the polygenic analysis revealed genetic parallelism for three of the five lakes which differed from the two other lakes these results provide evidence for both genetic parallelism and multiple genetic routes underlying parallel phenotypic evolution in fish shape among populations occupying similar ecological niches
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31|156
|
study|approach
|
we investigated the effects of fetal growth restriction fgr induced by maternal PR on inflammatory V1 remodeling using a cuffinduced vascular injury mouse model
|
12|15
|
protein restriction|vascular
|
chest pain is a common presenting symptom however the majority of emergency chest pain admissions are not due to AIM ami ami can be life threatening and early diagnosis or rule out of ami might potentially improve morbidity and mortality as well as reduce time to decision and therefore overall treatment costs highsensitivity troponin hstroponin assays have been developed that enable precise quantification of extremely low troponin concentrations such hstroponin assays are recommended in early ruleout protocols for ami when measured at presentation and again at h however troponin is less than ideally suited for early diagnosis of acute myocardial injury because of its slow rise late peak and low specificity for coronary plaque rupture a new biomarker with a more rapid elevation to peak concentration than hstroponin and lower background levels in patients with chronic cardiovascular conditions would be a preferred diagnostic test this review discusses the OD of hstroponin assays and other biomarkers evaluates their place in the early diagnosis of ami discusses troponin elevation without ami and discusses current guideline recommendations
|
19|148
|
acute myocardial infarction|development
|
coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages we tested the hypothesis that genetically high coffee NI is associated with low risk of obesity metabolic syndrome and type diabetes and with related components thereof
|
17
|
intake
|
preeclampsia is a hypertensive complication of pregnancy characterized by novel ON of hypertension after weeks gestation accompanied by proteinuria epidemiological evidence suggests that genetic susceptibility exists for preeclampsia however whether preeclampsia is the result of underlying genetic risk for essential hypertension has yet to be investigated based on the hypertensive state that is characteristic of preeclampsia we aimed to determine if established genetic risk scores grss for hypertension and blood pressure are associated with preeclampsia
|
10
|
onset
|
through natural selection many animal organs with similar functions have evolved different macroscopic morphologies and microscopic structures here we comparatively investigate the structures properties and functions of honey bee stings and paper wasp stings their elegant structures were systematically observed to examine their behaviors of penetrating into different materials we performed penetrationextraction tests and slow motion analyses of their IS process in comparison the barbed stings of honey bees are relatively difficult to be withdrawn from fibrous tissues eg skin while the removal of paper wasp stings is easier due to their different structures and insertion skills the similarities and differences of the two kinds of stings are summarized on the basis of the experiments and observations
|
59
|
insertion
|
this study was designed to compare the effects of linear periodization lp and undulating periodization up on PET capacity NM CF body composition and cytokines in elderly sedentary women we also aimed to identify the presence of high NR hr medium responders mr and low NR lr for irisin interleukin beta ilβ tolllike receptor tlr and brainderived neurotrophic factor bdnf to RT rt fortynine elderly women were assigned to a control group lp and up scheme functional capacity BC maximal strength irisin tlr bdnf and ilβ were evaluated both periodization models were effective in improving ° leg press rm chairstand arm curl and timeup and go tests with no significant differences in body composition and cytokines furthermore hr mr and lr were identified for irisin ilβ tlr and bdnf with differences between groups and moments this T0 provides evidence that both periodization models were ERP in improving PET capacity and neuromuscular function with no effect on body composition and cytokines probably as a consequence of the different responsiveness furthermore for the first time hr mr and lr were identified for irisin ilβ tlr and bdnf in response to rt
|
17|19|20|38|45|61|78|136|144|147
|
functional|neuromuscular|function|responders|responders|resistance training|body composition|study|effective|functional
|
the uncertainty response has grounded the T0 of metacognition in nonhuman animals recent research has explored the processes supporting uncertainty monitoring in monkeys it has revealed that uncertainty responding in contrast to perceptual responding depends on significant working SM resources the aim of the present study was to expand this research by examining whether uncertainty monitoring is also working memory demanding in humans to explore this issue human participants were tested with or without a cognitive load on a psychophysical discrimination task that included either an uncertainty response allowing the participant to decline difficult trials or a middleperceptual response labeling the same intermediate trial C2 the results demonstrated that cognitive load reduced uncertainty responding but increased middle responding however this dissociation between uncertainty and middle responding was only observed when participants either lacked training or had very little training with the uncertainty response if more training was provided the effect of load was small these results suggest that uncertainty responding is resource demanding but with sufficient training human participants can respond to uncertainty either by using minimal working memory resources or by effectively sharing resources these results are discussed in relation to the literature on animal and human metacognition
|
6|38|104
|
study|memory|levels
|
As as is a widely distributed trace element which is known to be associated with numerous adverse effects on human beings and animals arsenic trioxide aso is an inorganic arsenicalcontaining toxic compound the effect of excessive amounts of aso exposure on gastrointestinal tract tissue damage in cocks is still unknown this study was conducted to investigate the effect of aso exposure on gastrointestinal tract tissue damage in cocks in total dayold male hyline cocks were randomly divided into four groups and fed either a commercial diet or an aso supplement diet containing and mgkg aso the experiment lasted for days and gastrointestinal tract tissue samples gizzard glandular stomach duodenum jejunum ileum cecum and rectum were collected at and days catalase cat glutathione gsh and glutathione peroxidase gshpx MICs malondialdehyde mda contents and hydroxyl radical oh·mediated inhibition were examined furthermore the results demonstrated that mda content in the gastrointestinal tract was increased while the MICs of cat gsh and gshpx and the ability to resist oh· was decreased in the aso treatment groups extensive damage was observed in the gastrointestinal tract these findings indicated that aso exposure caused oxidative damage in the gastrointestinal tract of cocks due to alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities and elevation of free radicals
|
0|127|153
|
arsenic|activities|activities
|
the most common gastrointestinal disorders that include evidence of dysmotility include gastroparesis the lower PET gastrointestinal disorders associated with altered bowel function such as chronic PET diarrhea chronic idiopathic constipation and opioidinduced constipation these conditions which are grouped as gastrointestinal motility and PET disorders are characterized by abnormal motor sensory or sec functions that alter bowel function and result in a significant disease burden since currently available treatments do not completely alleviate symptoms new drugs are being developed for these disorders targeting mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of these diseases specifically motor function intestinal secretion and bile acid modulation
|
14|25|42|51
|
functional|functional|functional|secretory
|
previous metaanalyses have identified moderate deficits in executive function ef in children born low birth weight birth weight g lbw the current T0 tests the joint contribution of lbw and parenting quality on trajectories of executive function in preschoolers boys we estimated latent growth curve models to represent linear NC in ef from to years of age and tested the impact of lbw parenting and their interaction on the estimated trajectory parameters although lbw was related to lower ef ability at all three time points cohens d lbw children who experienced high levels of CS parenting in toddlerhood exhibited faster rates of improvement in ef and were virtually indistinguishable from their normal birth weight peers by age on the other hand lbw children who experienced below average levels of sensitive parenting showed lasting deficits in ef ability these findings suggest that sensitive parenting may buffer lbw children from lasting deficits in ef implications of these findings for future interventions are discussed
|
22|49|94
|
study|change|sensitive
|
although both SS and cognitive appraisals are strong predictors of childrens posttraumatic adjustment understanding of the interplay between these factors is limited we assessed whether cognitive appraisals mediated the relationship between social support and symptom development as predicted by cognitive models of PTS disorder ptsd ninety seven children mean age years were assessed at one month and six months following a single incident trauma we administered selfreport measures of cognitive appraisals social support and a diagnostic interview for ptsd results indicated that cognitive appraisals at one month posttrauma mediated the relationship between social support at one month posttrauma and ptsd severity at followup differences in this relationship were observed between childreported SS and parentrated ability to provide support firm evidence was provided for the application of cognitive models of ptsd to children
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2|42|111
|
social support|posttraumatic stress|social support
|
phospholipase a pladerived Th1 lipid mediators such as prostaglandin e pge leukotrienes b ltb lysophosphatidylcholine lpc and free fatty acids ffa are implicated in spinal cord injury sci pathologies reducing the levels of these injurious bioactive lipid mediators is reported to ameliorate sci however the specific role of the group iva isoform of pla cytosolic pla cpla in lumbar spinal canal stenosis lss due to cauda equina compression cec injury is not clear in this study we investigated the role of cpla in a rat model of cec using a nontoxic cplapreferential inhibitor arachidonyl trifluoromethyl ketone atk
|
3
|
proinflammatory
|
giant congenital right atrial aneurysms are rare defects of the HR though usually asymptomatic they can be potentially lifethreatening major risks include HF supraventricular arrhythmias rupture of the wall of the aneurysm this defect is usually diagnosed incidentally it is common effects with respect to ligand loading catalyst loading catalytic activity and recyclability in other words the dendritic catalysts were more efficient and more SD than their nondendritic γfeosio analogues the bulk at the dendritic periphery helps to localize the metal NPs at the spion core surface which confers these advantages we could also use sonification as a remarkably simple and efficient method to impregnate the spions with dendrimerencapsulated pdnps catalysis within the hydrophobic dendrimer pockets that include ligands leads to rapid turnover with or without a γfeosio core in addition catalytically active metal nanoparticles are more robust when they are loaded onto the surface of a γfeosio dendritic core herein we illustrate this chemistry with examples including olefin metathesis click chemistry cross carboncarbon bond forming reactions and selective alcohol oxidation
|
10|22|64|81
|
heart|heart failure|stable|nanoparticles
|
our understanding of the pathophysiological processes that comprise the early secondary phases of spinal cord injury such as SCI cellular excitotoxicity ionic dysregulation and freeradical mediated peroxidation is far greater now than ever before thanks to substantial laboratory research efforts these discoveries are now being translated into the clinical realm and have led to targeted upfront medical management with a focus on PO2 and perfusion and include avoidance of hypotension induction of hypertension early transfer to specialized centers and close monitoring in a critical care setting there is also active exploration of neuroprotective and neuroregenerative agents a number of which are currently in late stage PCTs including minocycline riluzole ac sun and cethrin furthermore new data have emerged demonstrating that the timing of spinal cord decompression T3 injury impacts recovery and that early decompression leads to significant improvements in neurological recovery with this review we aim to provide a concise clinically relevant and uptodate summary of the topic of acute spinal cord injury highlighting recent advancements and Az where further T0 is needed
|
18|62|105|126|167|170
|
spinal cord ischemia|tissue oxygenation|clinical trials|after|areas|study
|
the discovery of imatinib mesylate gleevec® has revolutionized the treatment of gist increasing diseasefree survival dfs T3 CR surgical resection of a primary localized gist and extending overall survival in metastatic disease the definition of an accurate prognostic system is critical for the therapeutic decision making process in literature there are three main prognostic criteria fnih consensus afip standards and modified nih standards in recent years were added various risk ID methods applying mathematical calculation model including mskcc risk nomogram rossi nomogram and joensuu high hotline dengjun despite all these attempts it seems that the recurrence risk probability still cannot be predicted accurately the aim of our study was to assess and compare the real ability of these prognostic instruments in our singlecentre clinical experience and to define if the use of the mskcc nomogram can bring benefits in the therapeutic decision
|
16|17|70
|
after|complete|identification
|
a novel substrate sacrifice process is proposed and developed for converting part of a current collector into supercapacitor active materials which provides a new route in achieving high energy density of supercapacitor device part of a copper foam current collector is successfully converted into highly porous Ni copper oxide electrode for light and highperformance supercapacitors remarkably this strategy circumvents the problem associated with poor contact interface between electrode and current collector meanwhile the overall weight of the supercapacitor could be minimized the charge transfer kinetics is improved while the advantage of the excellent mechanical properties of metal current collector is not traded off by virtue of this unique current collector selfinvolved architecture the material derived from the current collector manifests C1 areal capacitance of f cm at a current density of a g the capacitance can retain f cm at a much higher density a g only a small decay of appears at a g after cycles the strategy reported here sheds light on new strategies in making additional use of the metal current collector furthermore asymmetric supercapacitor using both solidstate gel electrolyte and liquid counterpart are obtained and analyzed the liquid asymmetric supercapacitor can deliver a high energy density up to mwh cm wh kg at a SP density of mw cm kw kg
|
46|120|208
|
nickel|large|power
|
the world health organisation who introduced the twelve early S1 indicators for monitoring and evaluating drug procurement and supply management psm systems intended to prevent drug stockouts and overstocking nigeriaone of the high multi drug resistant tuberculosis mdrtb burden countries scaledup treatment in with the concurrent implementation of a psm system
|
9
|
warning
|
in recent years modern economies have shifted away from being based on physical capital and towards being based on new knowledge eg new ideas and inventions consequently contemporary economic theorizing and key public policies have been based on the assumption that resources for generating knowledge eg education diversity of industries are essential for regional economic vitality however policy makers and scholars have discovered that contrary to expectations the mere presence of and investments in new knowledge does not guarantee a high level of regional economic performance eg high entrepreneurship rates to date this knowledge paradox has resisted resolution we take an interdisciplinary perspective to offer a new explanation hypothesizing that hidden regional culture differences serve as a crucial factor that is missing from conventional economic analyses and public policy strategies focusing on entrepreneurial activity we hypothesize that the statistical relation between knowledge resources and entrepreneurial vitality ie high entrepreneurship rates in a region will depend on hidden regional differences in entrepreneurial culture to capture such hidden regional differences we derive measures of entrepreneurshipprone culture from two C1 personality datasets from the united states n and GB n in both countries the findings were consistent with the knowledgecultureinteraction hypothesis a series of nine additional robustness checks underscored the robustness of these results naturally these purely correlational findings cannot provide direct evidence for causal processes but the results nonetheless yield a remarkably consistent and robust picture in the two countries in doing so the findings raise the idea of regional culture serving as a new causal candidate potentially driving the knowledge paradox such an explanation would be consistent with research on the psychological characteristics of entrepreneurs
|
176|185
|
large|great britain
|
only part of the visual information that impinges on our retinae reaches visual awareness in a series of three experiments we investigated how the task relevance of incoming visual information affects its access to visual awareness on each trial participants were instructed to memorize one of two presented hues drawn from different color categories eg red and green for later recall during the retention interval participants were presented with a differently colored grating in each eye such as to elicit binocular rivalry a grating matched either the taskrelevant memorized color category or the taskirrelevant nonmemorized color category we found that the rivalrous stimulus that matched the taskrelevant color category tended to dominate awareness over the rivalrous stimulus that matched the taskirrelevant color category this effect of task relevance persisted when participants reported the orientation of the rivalrous stimuli even though in this case color information was completely irrelevant for the task of reporting perceptual dominance during rivalry when participants memorized the shape of a colored CS- however its color category did not affect predominance of rivalrous stimuli during PR taken together these results indicate that the selection of taskrelevant information is under volitional control but that visual input that matches this information is boosted into awareness irrespective of whether this is useful for the observer
|
165|178
|
stimulus|retention
|
we have recently provided evidence that the perception of number and texture density is mediated by two independent mechanisms numerosity mechanisms at relatively low numbers obeying webers law and texturedensity mechanisms at higher numerosities following a square root law in this T0 we investigated whether the switch between the two mechanisms depends on the capacity to segregate individual dots and therefore follows similar laws to those governing visual crowding we measured numerosity discrimination for a wide range of numerosities at three eccentricities we found that the point where the numerosity regime webers law gave way to the density regime square root law depended on eccentricity in CE vision the regime changed at dots° while at ° eccentricity it changed at dots° three times less dense as a consequence thresholds for low numerosities increased with eccentricity while at higher numerosities thresholds remained constant we further showed that like crowding the regime change was independent of dot size depending on distance between dot centers not distance between dot edges or ink coverage performance was not affected by stimulus contrast or blur indicating that the transition does not depend on lowlevel stimulus properties our results reinforce the notion that numerosity and texture are mediated by two distinct processes depending on whether the individual elements are perceptually segregable which mechanism is engaged follows laws that determine crowding
|
41|106
|
study|central
|
drawing involves frequent shifts of gaze between the original and the drawing and visual SM helps compare the original object and the drawing across these gaze shifts while creating and correcting the drawing it remains unclear whether this memory encodes all of the object or only the features around the current drawing position and whether both the original and the copy are equally well represented to address these questions we designed a drawing experiment coupled with a NC detection task a polygon was displayed on one screen and participants had to copy it on another with the original and the drawing presented in alternation at unpredictable moments during the copying process modifications were made on the drawing and the original figure while they were not in view participants had to correct their drawing every time they perceived a change so that their drawing always matched the current original figure our results show a better SM representation of the original figure than of the drawing with locations relevant to the current production most accurately represented critically experts showed better memory for both the original and the drawing than did novices suggesting that experts have specialized advantages for encoding visual shapes
|
14|77|154
|
memory|change|memory
|
we investigated whether adults with healthy vision can move their eyes toward an informative target area that is initially hidden by a gazecontingent scotoma in the periphery when they are under time pressure in the exp task participants had to perform an objectcomparison task requiring a samedifferent judgment about two silhouettes one silhouette was visible whereas the other was hidden under the scotoma despite time pressure and the presence of the visible silhouette most participants were able to move their eyes toward the informative region to reveal the hidden silhouette saccades to the hidden stimulus occurred when the visible CS- was presented directly opposite in either fixed or variable locations and when the visible CS- was presented at an adjacent location older participants were also able to perform this task first saccades in the direction of the hidden CS- had longer latencies compared with saccades toward the visible CS- this suggests the use of a deliberate nonreflexive saccade strategy stop before you saccade a subset of participants occasionally made curved saccades that were aimed first toward the visible CS- and then toward the hidden CS- we discuss the implications of our findings for patients who have a biological scotoma for example in macular degeneration
|
35|99|114|138|148|178|184
|
experimental|stimulus|stimulus|stimulus|stimulus|stimulus|stimulus
|
the purpose of the current T0 was to investigate to what extent lowlevel versus highlevel effects determine where the eyes land on isolated dailylife objects we operationalized lowlevel effects as eye movements toward an objects center of gravity cog or the absolute object center oc and highlevel effects as visuomotor priming by object affordances in two experiments we asked participants to make saccades toward peripherally presented photographs of graspable objects eg a hammer and to either categorize them experiment or to discriminate them from visually matched nonobjects experiment objects were rotated such that their graspable part eg the hammers handle pointed toward g counterparts young people atrisk for psychosis are at higher risk of forensic outcomes particularly violent crime victimization
|
5
|
study
|
partially blocked electrodes pbes are important many applications use nonconductive NPs nps to introduce new electrode functionalities as aggregation is a problem in np immobilization developing an in situ method to detect aggregation is vital to characterise such modified electrodes we present chronoamperometry as a method for detection of np surface aggregation and semiquantitative sizing of the formed aggregates based on the diffusion limited current measured at pbes as compared with the values calculated numerically for different blocking feature sizes in contrast to voltammetry no approximations on electrode kinetics are needed making chronoamperometry a more GA and reliable method sizing is shown for two modification methods upon drop casting significant aggregation is observed while it is minimized in electrophoretic np deposition the aggregate sizes determined are in semiquantitative agreement with ex situ microscopic analysis of the pbes
|
10|95
|
nanoparticles|general
|
sickness behaviour a syndrome characterized by a general reduction in animal activity is part of the activephase response to fight infection lipopolysaccharide lps an effective endotoxin to MM sickness behaviour reduces thirst and sodium excretion and increases neurohypophysial secretion here we review the effects of lps on thirst and sodium appetite altered renal function and hydromineral fluid intake in response to lps occur in the context of behavioural reorganization which manifests itself as part of the syndrome recent data show that in addition to its classical effect on thirst nonseptic doses of lps injected intraperitoneally produce a preferential inhibition of intracellular thirst versus extracellular thirst moreover lps also reduced hypertonic nacl intake in sodiumdepleted rats that entered a sodium appetite test antagonism of α ARs abolished the effect of lps on sodium appetite lps and cytokine transduction potentially recruit BB noradrenaline and α adrenoceptors to control sodium appetite and sickness behaviour
|
27|124|139
|
model|adrenoceptors|brain
|
immune checkpoints are regulatory pathways induced in activated t lymphocytes that regulate antigen responsiveness these immune checkpoints are hijacked by tumors to promote dysfunction of antitumor effector cells and consequently of RT escape from the host IS
|
31|36
|
tumor|immune system
|
after years of enduring operations in iraq and afghanistan defence strategic direction is returning to a contingency posture as the first postafghanistan operation in september a uk joint interagency task force deployed to sierra leone in response to the ebola virus disease evd epidemic in west africa the aims were expanding treatment capacity assisting with training and supporting host nation resilience the IS phase of this deployment created a unique set of challenges for force health protection in addition to the considerable risk of tropical disease and trauma deployed personnel faced the risks of working in an evd epidemic this report explores how deployed medical assets overcame the difficulties of mounting a shortnotice contingent operation in a region of the world with inherent L1 climatic and health challenges
|
62|123
|
insertion|major
|
we investigate the relative development of the carnivoran radial sesamoids to untangle the evolution of this iconic structure in the pandas both giant and red this false thumb is known to perform a grasping role during bamboo feeding in both the red and giant pandas an original locomotor role has been inferred for ailurids but this remains to be ascertained for ursids a C1 sample of radial sesamoids of indarctos arctoides from the miocene of batallones spain indicates that this early ailuropodine bear displayed a relatively hypertrophied radial sesamoid with a configuration more similar to that of the red panda and other carnivorans than to that of giant pandas this false thumb is the first evidence of this feature in the ursidae which can be linked to a more herbivorous diet moreover in the two extant pandas the false thumb should not be interpreted as an anatomical convergence but as an exaptive convergence regarding its use during the bamboo FF which changes the evolutionary view of this singular structure
|
63|159
|
large|feeding
|
infectious pancreatic necrosis ipn has for many years been considered one of the most important restraints to the production of salmonids in european aquaculture in norway the disease is responsible for high losses in postsmolts in the first few weeks T3 sea transfer despite the importance of ipn there are few epidemiological studies on risk factors and mitigation strategies in this paper we present analyses of data from all cohorts put to sea in to on norwegian marine salmonid farms the data used were obtained from national registers on salmonid production and disease outbreaks the results showed that the risk of ipn outbreak was higher for spring versus autumn cohorts atlantic salmon versus rainbow trout and for cohorts on farms with previous PH of ipn the risk increased with increasing cohort size and infection pressure whereas increasing temperature and weight at sea transfer decreased the risk estimations from a model of cumulative mortality within the first mo T3 sea transfer showed that mortality in cohorts with ipn increased to approximately as compared to a baseline cohort with a mortality of if the cohort had both ipn and pancreas disease pd the estimated mortality increased to and cohorts with both ipn pd and heart and skeletal muscle inflammation hsmi had an estimated mortality of when all other significant AF were kept constant these were cohort type year temperature at sea transfer and weight at sea transfer our results provide valuable inputs for mitigation strategies and for economic modelling of consequences of disease
|
40|122|157|217
|
after|history|after|factors
|
saprolegnia isolates within the recognized clades encompassing the taxa s parasitica and s diclina act as opportunist and aggressive pathogens to both fish and their eggs they are responsible for significant economic losses in aquaculture particularly in salmonid hatcheries however the identity distribution and pathogenic significance of involved species often remain unexplored in this T0 saprolegnia isolates were recovered from water eggs and salmon tissue samples that originated from salmon salmo salar hatcheries along the coast of norway the cultures were characterized morphologically and molecularly in order to provide an overview of the species composition of saprolegnia spp present in norwegian salmon hatcheries we demonstrate that s diclina clearly dominated and contributed to of the recovered isolates parsimony analyses of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer its region split these isolates into strongly supported subclades s diclina subclade iiia and iiib where subclade iiib accounted for of all isolates a minor portion of the isolates constituted other taxa that were either conspecific or showed strong affinity to s parasitica s ferax s hypogyna and scoliolegnia asterophora the unique subclade iiib of s diclina was most prevalent in water and salmon eggs while s parasitica isolates were more frequently isolated from post hatching stages the study demonstrated that morphological criteria in many cases were insufficient for species delimitation due to lack of sexual structures or incoherent mor changes in the dermal matrix caused by NTx in vitro glycation processes also affect the epidermal compartment we demonstrated that glycation of collagen induces expression of carboxymethyllysine in dermal and epidermal compartments and consequently an aging phenotype consisting of poor stratification of epidermal layers and vacuolization of keratinocyte cytoplasm increased expression of cellcell adhesion markers such as desmoglein and ecadherin in glycated skins is observed in the stratum spinosum as well as an increased compression of dermal collagen matrix we also submitted our d model of reconstructed glycated skin to screening of antiage molecules such as AMG which prevented the glycated morphological status controlled human studies investigating the effects of antiage strategies against skin aging are largely missing in this context we proposed the use of skin equivalents as an efficient model to investigate cellular interactions and ecm changes in the aging skin and to elucidate the role of antiages molecules in this process
|
54|233|322
|
study|collagen i|aminoguanidine
|
locomotive defects resulting from neurodegenerative disorders can be a late ON symptom of disease following years of subclinical degeneration and thus current therapeutic treatment strategies are not curative through the use of whole exome sequencing an increasing number of genes have been identified to play a role in human locomotion despite identifying these genes it is not known how these genes are crucial to normal locomotive functioning therefore a reliable CA which utilizes MM organisms to elucidate the role of these genes in order to identify novel targets of therapeutic interest is needed more than ever we have designed a sensitized version of the negative geotaxis assay that allows for the detection of milder defects earlier and has the ability to evaluate these defects over time the CA is performed in a glass graduated cylinder which is sealed with a wax barrier film by increasing the threshold distance to be climbed to cm and increasing the experiment duration to min we have observed a greater sensitivity in detecting mild mobility dysfunctions the assay is cost effective and does not require extensive training to obtain highly reproducible results this makes it an excellent technique for screening candidate drugs in drosophila mutants with locomotion defects
|
10|70|73|127
|
onset|assay|model|assay
|
chromosome higher order structure has been an enigma for over a century the most important structural finding has been the presence of a chromosome scaffold composed of nonhistone proteins socalled scaffold proteins however the organization and function of the scaffold are still controversial here we use three dimensionalstructured illumination microscopy dsim and focused ion beamscanning electron microscopy fibsem to reveal the axial distributions of scaffold proteins in metaphase chromosomes comprising two strands we also find that scaffold protein can adaptably recover its original localization T3 chromosome reversion in the presence of cations this reversion to the original morphology underscores the role of the scaffold for intrinsic structural integrity of chromosomes we therefore propose a new structural model of the chromosome scaffold that includes twisted double strands consistent with the PCS properties of chromosomal bending flexibility and rigidity our model provides new insights into chromosome higher order structure
|
84|129
|
after|physical
|
olinked glycosylation of serinethreonine residues is a posttranslational modification of proteins and is essential for protein recognition and lipid functions on cell surfaces and within cells the characterization of differently structured olinked glycans oglycans is particularly challenging because there is no known endoglycosidase for such groups therefore chemical digestion approaches have been widely used however it is sometimes difficult to suppress unwanted side reactions recently we reported a novel oglycomics procedure using βelimination in the presence of pyrazolone analogues bep in the present study we describe a microwave mwassisted bep procedure for rapid and quantitative oglycomic analysis following optimization of the reaction conditions the mwassisted bep reaction substantially improved the recovery of total oglycans from MM glycoproteins psm and the reaction time was reduced from to h combined with sequential solidphase extractions this mwassisted bep procedure enabled oglycomic analyses of various biological samples
|
115
|
model
|
the aim of our study was to investigate the effect of caffeine supplementation on min allout arm crank exercise performance in paraplegic p and tetraplegic t compared with AB ab participants a placebocontrolled randomized crossover and doubleblind study design was chosen to investigate the differences between caffeine caf and PL plc in total healthy trained participants were tested seventeen were ab median minimum maximum vopeak mlminkg were p vopeak mlminkg and were t vopeak mlminkg all participants performed two min allout tests on an arm crank ergometer following the ingestion of either plc or caf SP output parameters plasma caffeine pc epinephrine epi and norepinephrine nor concentrations were assessed caf significantly increased AP over the first s p and s p in p but not in t p p nor in ab p p peak power was increased in the caf trial in ab w as well as in p w but was not significantly different from plc ab p p p pc significantly increased in all groups ab p p p t p whereas epi showed a significant increase only in ab p and in p p nor increased significantly in ab p but did not increase in the other CG caffeine seems to enhance shortduration exercise performance in p in contrast t showed a high interindividual variability and overall no ergogenic effect was detected in this group
|
28|49|95|112|201
|
ablebodied|placebo|power|average power|groups
|
a fast and reliable nuclear magnetic resonance nmr method for quantitative analysis of targeted EDC with overlapped signals in complex mixtures has been established the method is based on the combination of chemometric treatment for spectra deconvolution and the pulcon principle pulse length based concentration determination for quantification ICA ica MI least dependent component analysis milca algorithm was applied for spectra deconvolution in up to six component mixtures with known composition the resolved matrices independent components ics and ica scores were used for identification of analytes calculating their relative concentrations and absolute integral intensity of selected resonances the absolute analyte concentrations in multicomponent mixtures and authentic samples were then calculated using the pulcon principle instead of conventional application of absolute integral intensity in case of undisturbed signals the multiplication of resolved ic absolute integral and its relative concentration in the mixture for each component was used correction AF that are required for quantification and are unique for each analyte were also estimated the proposed method was applied for analysis of up to five components in lemon and orange juice samples with recoveries between and the total duration of analysis is approximately min including measurements spectra decomposition and quantification the results demonstrated that the proposed method is a promising tool for rapid simultaneous quantification of up to six components in case of spectral overlap and the absence of REF materials
|
14|48|50|147|227
|
compounds|independent component analysis|mutual information|factors|reference
|
the mechanism of enzymatic peptide hydrolysis in matrix metalloproteinase mmp was studied at atomic resolution through QM/MM qmmm simulations an allatom threedimensional mol many normal cells require integrinmediated adhesion to enter s phase of the cell cycle recent evidence indicates that integrins also regulate cytokinesis mechanical properties of the ecm can dictate entry into s phase however it is not known whether they also can affect the successful completion of cell division to address this issue we modulated substrate compliance using fibronectincoated acrylamidebased hydrogels soft and hard substrates were generated with approximate elastic moduli of and pascals pa respectively our results indicate that DF successfully complete cytokinesis on hard substrates whereas on soft substrates a significant number fail and become binucleated cytokinesis failure occurs at a step following the formation of the intercellular bridge connecting presumptive daughter cells suggesting a defect in abscission like dermal fibroblasts mesenchymal stem cells require cellmatrix adhesion for successful cytokinesis however in contrast to dermal fibroblasts they are able to complete cytokinesis on both hard and soft substrates these results indicate that matrix stiffness regulates the successful completion of cytokinesis and does so in a celltype specific manner to our knowledge our study is the first to demonstrate that matrix stiffness can affect cytokinesis understanding the celltype specific contribution of matrix compliance to the regulation of cytokinesis will provide new insights important for OD as well as tissue homeostasis and regeneration
|
16|103|228
|
quantum mechanicsmolecular mechanics|dermal fibroblasts|development
|
animals have evolved two general strategies to counter injury and maintain physiological function the most prevalent is protection by isolating vital organs into body cavities however protection is not optimal for sensory systems because their external components need to be exposed to the environment to fulfill their receptive function thus a common strategy to maintain sensory abilities against persistent environmental insult involves repair and regeneration however whether age or frequent injuries affect the regenerative capacity of sensory organs remains unknown we have found that neuromasts of the zebrafish lateral line regenerate mechanosensory hair cells T3 recurrent severe injuries and in adulthood moreover neuromasts can reverse transient imbalances of notch signaling that result in defective organ proportions during repair our results reveal inextinguishable haircell regeneration in the lateral L1 and suggest that the neuromast epithelium is formed by plastic territories that are maintained by continuous intercellular communication
|
94|127
|
after|line
|
the prevalence of diabetes is increasing worldwide with the trend of patients being young and creating a significant burden on health systems including reproductive problems but the effects of diabetes on embryo implantation are still poorly understood our study was to examine effects of diabetes on mouse embryo implantation providing experimental basis for treating diabetes and its complications streptozotocin stz was applied to induce type diabetes from day of pregnancy or pseudopregnancy in mice embryo transfer was used to analyze effects of uterine environment on embryo implantation our results revealed that the implantation rate is significantly reduced in diabetic mice compared to controls and the change of uterine environment is the main reason leading to the decreased implantation rate compared to control the C2 of lif and pstat are significantly decreased in diabetic mice on day of pregnancy and serum estrogen level is significantly higher estrogen stimulates lif expression under physiological level but the excessive estrogen inhibits lif expression lif progesterone or insulin supplement can rescue embryo implantation in diabetic mice our data indicated that the dysregulated lifstat pathway caused by the high level of estrogen results in the impaired implantation in diabetic mice which can be rescued by lif progesterone or insulin supplement
|
123
|
levels
|
marine turtles are vulnerable to climate NC because their life PH and reproduction are tied to environmental temperatures the egg incubation stage is arguably the most vulnerable stage because marine turtle eggs require a narrow range of temperatures for successful incubation additionally incubation temperature affects sex emergence success morphology and locomotor performance of hatchlings hatchlings often experience high rates of predation in the first few hours of their life and increased size or locomotor ability may improve their chances of survival between and we monitored the temperature of loggerhead caretta caretta linnaeus turtle nests at mon repos rookery and used these data to calculate a mean three day maximum temperature tdm for each nest we calculated the hatching and emergence success for each nest then measured the mass size and locomotor performance of hatchlings that emerged from those nests nests with a tdm greater than °c experienced a lower emergence success and produced smaller hatchlings than nests with a tdm lower than °c hatchlings from nests with a tdm below °c performed better in crawling and swimming trials than hatchlings from nests with a tdm above °c thus even nonlethal increases in global temperatures have the potential to detrimentally affect fitness and survival of marine turtle hatchlings
|
6|10
|
change|history
|
in the setting where two individuals are genetically similar epigenetic mechanisms could account for discordance in the presence or absence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease nafld this T0 investigated if serum micrornas mirs could explain discordance in nafld
|
27
|
study
|
proper understanding and restoration of sagittal balance is critical in spinal deformity surgery including conditions such as adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and scheuermann kyphosis one potential complication following spinal reconstruction is PT junctional kyphosis the prevalence of PT junctional kyphosis varies in the literature and several patient and surgeryrelated risk factors have been identified to date the development of proximal junctional kyphosis has not been shown to lead to a negative clinical outcome following spinal F0 for adolescent IS or scheuermann kyphosis treatment options range from simple observation in asymptomatic cases to revision surgery with extension of the F0 proximally several techniques and technologies are emerging that seek to address and prevent proximal junctional kyphosis
|
30|36|74|77|97
|
proximal|proximal|fusion|idiopathic scoliosis|fusion
|
organ availability for transplantation has become an increasingly complex and difficult question in health economics and ethical practice advances in technology have seen prolonged life expectancy and the global push for organs creates an everexpanding gap between supply and demand and a significant cost in bridging that gap this article will examine the ethical implications for the nursing profession in regard to the procurement of organs from an impoverished sellers market also known as transplant tourism this ethical dilemma concerns itself with resource allocation informed consent and the concepts of egalitarianism and libertarianism transplant tourism is an unacceptable trespass against human dignity and rights from both a nursing and collective viewpoint currently the australian nursing and midwifery council the RCN australia the royal college of nursing uk and the american nurses association do not have position statements on SPK tourism and this diminishes us as a force for change it diminishes our role as advocates for the most marginalised in our world to have access to care and to choice and excludes us from a very contemporary real debate about the mismatch of organ demand and supply in our own communities as a profession we must have a voice in health policy and human rights and according to our code of ethics in australia and around the world act to promote and protect the fundamental human right to healthcare and dignity
|
119|138
|
royal college of nursing|transplant
|
ethical issues pose challenges for nurses who are increasingly caring for patients in complicated situations ethical sensitivity is a prerequisite for nurses to make decticular l crispatus bc l gasseri bc and l gasseri bc appeared to be the most active strains in reducing pathogen adhesion as their effects were mediated by both cells and supernatants inhibition of histone deacetylases was hypothesised to support the antifungal activity of vaginal lactobacilli our results are prerequisites for the OD of new therapeutic agents based on probiotics for prophylaxis and adjuvant therapy of candida infection
|
76
|
development
|
nanowirebased ferroelectriccomplementary metaloxidesemiconductor nw fecmos nonvolatile SM devices were successfully fabricated by utilizing single n and ptype si nanowire ferroelectricgate field effect TFTs nw fefets as individual memory cells in addition to having the advantages of single channel n and ptype si nw fefet memory si nw fecmos memory devices exhibit a direct readout voltage and ultralow power consumption the reading state SP consumption of this device is less than pw which is more than times lower than the onstate power consumption of singlechannel ferroelectric memory this result implies that si nw fecmos memory devices are well suited for use in nonvolatile SM chips in modern portable electronic devices especially where low power consumption is critical for energy conservation and LT use
|
6|22|62|102|120
|
memory|transistors|power|memory|longterm
|
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