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100002.txt	5	-169 has Panel Brick detailing with stepped front gables, stick work, tar-dipped brick string courses and segmental arches, and was designed by Cabot & Chandler for Edward Philbrick. Helen Hopekirk, a Scottish-born virtuoso pianist and composer whose performances contemporaries compared to Clara Schumanns, lived at 169 Walnut and taught at the New England Conservatory after she decided to settle permanently in the Boston area in 1897. [5] Across the street, visible from the entrance to its driveway, the Tappan-Philbrick estate at 182 Walnut Street is set back on a gently rising and heavily landscaped hill. Built in 1824-25 for John Tappan, it is one of the oldest homes on the Hill and was originally 18 acres. Typical of the Federal style are the axial symmetry, five bay fenestration, low-hipped roof with balustrade, and four tall chimneys. The granite from the Rockport quarries was an unusual facade treatment, even in its time. In later years wings were added to the right side and rear of the building. Equal in importance to the architectural features is the building's historical significance. Tappan's affairs were caught up in the depression of 1826 and, in 1828 John Tappan sold the estate for about $14,000 to merchant William Ropes, who sold it, in turn, to Samuel Philbrick, Edward Philbrick's father in 1829. At its largest, the Philbrick Estate included everything on both sides of Walnut between Irving and Walnut Place, as well as half of the old Lincoln School site and all of what is now Maple St. and Upland Rd. above Irving. Samuel Philbrick, a birthright Quaker, and his wife were among Brooklines leading and earliest abolitionists and financial backers of William Lloyd Garrisons The Liberator. The Grimke sisters, the Quaker-convert daughters of a South Carolina slave holding family, who were part of the more radical womens-rights branch of the abolition movement, stayed in the house during the winter of 1836-37. One of Brooklines first anti-slavery meetings was held there at that time when a public hall probably could not have been obtained for such a meeting. It was a ladies-only event, but reportedly the poet and ardent abolitionist John Greenleaf Whittier listened from inside a closet. At about this time the Philbricks, at the suggestion of Wend
100002.txt	6	6-37. One of Brooklines first anti-slavery meetings was held there at that time when a public hall probably could not have been obtained for such a meeting. It was a ladies-only event, but reportedly the poet and ardent abolitionist John Greenleaf Whittier listened from inside a closet. At about this time the Philbricks, at the suggestion of Wendell Philips, took a young black girl into their house as a domestic. They brought her with them to Sunday service at First Parish and had her sit in their pew, rather than in the balcony with the other black servants. As a result they were snubbed, they withdrew from the parish, and eventually helped establish Pill Hills Swedenborgian Church. The Tappan-Philbrick house is recognized as a part of the Underground Railroad, although its role in the abolitionist cause was far more longstanding and significant than its connection with the escape of two famous fugitive slaves (William and Ellen Craft) would suggest. Edward Southwick Philbrick, Samuels son, graduated Harvard in 1846 and became a civil engineer, working on such projects as the Hoosac Tunnel through the Berkshires (the Big Dig of its day, linking Boston and eastern Massachusetts with Albany and the West), and on the foundation designs of the Boston Public Library and Trinity Church. Later he became an expert in water supply (designing Brooklines first system) and sanitary engineering, and a member of the M.I.T. Corporation. His, in at least one instance, architecture partner, William Ware, was M.I.T. s first professor of architecture. Philbrick was also briefly a Brookline Selectman and provided expert testimony at the inquiry into the Great Boston Fire of 1872. An active abolitionist like his father, Edward Philbrick led a venture which purchased one third of Union-occupied St. Helena Island S.C. in 1863 and set out to develop the "Free Labor Cotton Company" which hired freedmen to operate thirteen plantations. After the war, the land was divided and sold mostly to freedmen at below market rates. The "Philbrick Experiment," as it is now called, showed that southern freedmen could be integrated into the free labor market and then it allowed them to buy farms totaling over 4,000 acres something local white landowners would not have allowed at any price. However, it should be noted that many of the 70 investors were cotton mill owner or cotton brokers. One of the ironies of New Englands support of
100002.txt	7	now called, showed that southern freedmen could be integrated into the free labor market and then it allowed them to buy farms totaling over 4,000 acres something local white landowners would not have allowed at any price. However, it should be noted that many of the 70 investors were cotton mill owner or cotton brokers. One of the ironies of New Englands support of abolition is that the insatiable demand of its cotton mills sustained the institution of slavery in the decades before the Civil War. It should also be noted that Philbricks "experiment" netted his backers a handsome $80,000 something like a 60% return on their investment probably due in no small part to the low price originally paid for the land. Samuel had died in 1859. (His grave is under a slab in the Old Burying Ground.) Edward inherited the estate and began to develop it. He and then his heirs, who later commissioned a subdivision plan from Fredrick Law Olmsted, Sr. in 1889, became one of Pill Hills two primary developers, having laid out the upper portion of Upland Rd. and Maple St., building at least ten houses on those streets and Walnut St., and platting at least thirty building lots, in addition to the familys role in the design and construction of the Swedenborgian church. Edward Philbricks widow died, aged 88, in 1922, leaving the house and grounds to Harvard, which promptly sold it for $16,000. One subsequent owner was the Rt. Rev. Anson Phelps Stokes Jr., Episcopal Bishop of Massachusetts. The estate is now protected against sub-division and further development by a preservation easement, generously granted by its present owner. [Editor's Note see Dr. Walter Burrage's fascinating account from the Historical Society proceedings of 1949 of Samuel Philbrick's early and then-controversial actions in support of abolition.] Samuel Philbrick, a birthright Quaker, and his wife were among Brooklines leading and earliest abolitionists and financial backers of William Lloyd Garrisons The Liberator. The Grimke sisters, the Quaker-convert daughters of a South Carolina slave holding family, who were part of the more radical womens-rights branch of the abolition movement, stayed in the house during the winter of 1836-37. One of Brooklines first anti-slavery meetings was held there at that time when a public hall probably could not have been obtained for such a meeting. It was a ladies-only event
100002.txt	8	-convert daughters of a South Carolina slave holding family, who were part of the more radical womens-rights branch of the abolition movement, stayed in the house during the winter of 1836-37. One of Brooklines first anti-slavery meetings was held there at that time when a public hall probably could not have been obtained for such a meeting. It was a ladies-only event, but reportedly the poet and ardent abolitionist John Greenleaf Whittier listened from inside a closet. At about this time the Philbricks, at the suggestion of Wendell Philips, took a young black girl into their house as a domestic. They brought her with them to Sunday service at First Parish and had her sit in their pew, rather than in the balcony with the other black servants. As a result they were snubbed, they withdrew from the parish, and eventually helped establish Pill Hills Swedenborgian Church. The Tappan-Philbrick house is recognized as a part of the Underground Railroad, although its role in the abolitionist cause was far more longstanding and significant than its connection with the escape of two famous fugitive slaves (William and Ellen Craft) would suggest. Edward Southwick Philbrick, Samuels son, graduated Harvard in 1846 and became a civil engineer, working on such projects as the Hoosac Tunnel through the Berkshires (the Big Dig of its day, linking Boston and eastern Massachusetts with Albany and the West), and on the foundation designs of the Boston Public Library and Trinity Church. Later he became an expert in water supply (designing Brooklines first system) and sanitary engineering, and a member of the M.I.T. Corporation. His, in at least one instance, architecture partner, William Ware, was M.I.T. s first professor of architecture. Philbrick was also briefly a Brookline Selectman and provided expert testimony at the inquiry into the Great Boston Fire of 1872. An active abolitionist like his father, Edward Philbrick led a venture which purchased one third of Union-occupied St. Helena Island S.C. in 1863 and set out to develop the "Free Labor Cotton Company" which hired freedmen to operate thirteen plantations. After the war, the land was divided and sold mostly to freedmen at below market rates. The "Philbrick Experiment," as it is now called, showed that southern freedmen could be integrated into the free labor market and then it allowed them to buy farms totaling over 4,000 acres something local white landowners would not have allowed
100002.txt	9	freedmen to operate thirteen plantations. After the war, the land was divided and sold mostly to freedmen at below market rates. The "Philbrick Experiment," as it is now called, showed that southern freedmen could be integrated into the free labor market and then it allowed them to buy farms totaling over 4,000 acres something local white landowners would not have allowed at any price. However, it should be noted that many of the 70 investors were cotton mill owner or cotton brokers. One of the ironies of New Englands support of abolition is that the insatiable demand of its cotton mills sustained the institution of slavery in the decades before the Civil War. It should also be noted that Philbricks "experiment" netted his backers a handsome $80,000 something like a 60% return on their investment probably due in no small part to the low price originally paid for the land. Samuel had died in 1859. (His grave is under a slab in the Old Burying Ground.) Edward inherited the estate and began to develop it. He and then his heirs, who later commissioned a subdivision plan from Fredrick Law Olmsted, Sr. in 1889, became one of Pill Hills two primary developers, having laid out the upper portion of Upland Rd. and Maple St., building at least ten houses on those streets and Walnut St., and platting at least thirty building lots, in addition to the familys role in the design and construction of the Swedenborgian church. Edward Philbricks widow died, aged 88, in 1922, leaving the house and grounds to Harvard, which promptly sold it for $16,000. One subsequent owner was the Rt. Rev. Anson Phelps Stokes Jr., Episcopal Bishop of Massachusetts. The estate is now protected against sub-division and further development by a preservation easement, generously granted by its present owner. [Editor's Note see Dr. Walter Burrage's fascinating account from the Historical Society proceedings of 1949 of Samuel Philbrick's early and then-controversial actions in support of abolition.] [5A] House indeterminate. John Boies Tileston and Mary Wilder (Foote) Tileston and their children lived in Brookline from May 1885 to January 1889. The exact location of their house is currently unresolved. The city directories list the address as Upland Ave. (then Harvey St.), corner of Walnut St. yet the 1888 Atlas shows no structures at
100002.txt	10	. John Boies Tileston and Mary Wilder (Foote) Tileston and their children lived in Brookline from May 1885 to January 1889. The exact location of their house is currently unresolved. The city directories list the address as Upland Ave. (then Harvey St.), corner of Walnut St. yet the 1888 Atlas shows no structures at that location. It is our speculation that they lived in one the houses on Walnut owned by Edward Philbrick. John Boies Tileston was in the Harvard class of 1855 with Edward's younger brother, William Dean Philbrick. His son, Roger Tileston, pictured here, later lived at 173 Walnut, a Philbrick house. - Roger Tileston (1869-1922) was a principal in Tileston and Hollingsworth, a paper manufacturer located in Hyde Park, and continued in that industry among several other firms. He was an usher at the wedding (First Parish Church, Walnut St., 1891) of Gertrude Flint, who lived close by at 205 Walnut St. He graduated from Harvard in 1891, which time the family had moved to Milton, which also would have been reasonably close to the main paper mill on the Neponset River. He married in 1897, then moved, in 1898, to 173 Walnut St., the year his father died. His mother moved to 71 Marlborough St. in the Back Bay and Roger spent 1900 - 1903 at 33 Edgehill Rd. - His younger sister, Amelia(1872-1920), attended "Miss Baker's" school, later studied nursing, and worked in her life, apparently tirelessly, to aid people who were suffering. She traveled the world to this end and, in 1916, returned from Europe to her mother's house at 43 Allerton St., consumed by wanting to aid the beleaguered Serbian refugees from WWI. She went to Serbia and worked for the Red Cross but died there, of pneumonia. Her work is detailed in the book "Amelia Peabody Tileston and her Canteens for the Serbs". [5B] [Editor's Note While most of the children featured on this page come from Ethel Stanwood's 1886 photo album, we are including a couple, like this one, from the 1882 photo album of another Brookline girl, Mary Williams.] In 1877, New Yorker Jotham William Post died
100002.txt	11	anteens for the Serbs". [5B] [Editor's Note While most of the children featured on this page come from Ethel Stanwood's 1886 photo album, we are including a couple, like this one, from the 1882 photo album of another Brookline girl, Mary Williams.] In 1877, New Yorker Jotham William Post died while sailing across the Atlantic. His wife, Eliza Dwight (Chapman) Post, and their two children moved into the house of her mother (Lucinda Dwight Chapman) on "Walnut St. nearly opposite Irving" which is most likely 157 Walnut, built and owned by Edward Philbrick. Her daughter, Eliza (same name), is pictured here in 1882 at the age of 15. The whole family moved to 12 Upland Rd. circa 1894. [6] Turning the corner onto Irving Street (laid out in 1870), one passes examples of varied architecture from the 1880s and 1890s. At 9 Irving Street is a Queen Anne style structure designed in 1890 by George Moffette, Jr. Queen Anne elements visible in the verticality of the complex roofline are combined with Stick style paneling on the corner tower and in the dormer window. Interestingly, Moffette, along with many other Boston design professionals, had once signed a manifesto saying that they would adopt the metric system on July 4th, 1876! This house was built for, and for many years owned by, Dr. E.F. Vickery a prominent surgeon and author of medical texts. He never lived there. It was first occupied by Elias Bliss, a flour merchant, and then by Dr. David Townsend, a leading TB specialist, who eventually owned it. [7] The north side of Irving was part of the Wright Estate. 14 Irving St. was designed in 1895 by Julius Schweinfurth in the Georgian Revival style. Upright and box-like, its shallow hipped roof is barely seen behind the three pedimented dormers. The three bay clapboard facade bounded by Ionic pilasters and dentils at the eaves focuses on an ornate entrance with tracery in the sidelights and fanlight, as well as in the Palladian window above. Herbert B. and Sara R Ehrmann lived here. It is typical of the progressive and diverse character of Pill Hill that he was one of Sacco and Vanzett
100002.txt	12	facade bounded by Ionic pilasters and dentils at the eaves focuses on an ornate entrance with tracery in the sidelights and fanlight, as well as in the Palladian window above. Herbert B. and Sara R Ehrmann lived here. It is typical of the progressive and diverse character of Pill Hill that he was one of Sacco and Vanzettis attorneys. She, already a feminist and suffragist of long standing became, at 33, a leader of the Massachusetts Council for the Abolition of the Death Penalty which, after a decades-long struggle, succeeded in ending the death penalty in Massachusetts. She also was a founder of the League of Women Voters in Brookline. [8] Arthur Mills, an executive of the Boston & Albany Railroad, hired Peabody & Stearns to design 22 Irving St. (1883), a wonderful Shingle Style house that looks as if it had been miraculously transported from a summer isle in Maine. It is sheathed in clapboards and six different shingle designs with graceful strap work on its side tower and a sweeping rear roof and front gambrel. Parents, Arthur Mills and Jennie May (Barrett) Mills, lived here into the 1900s. - Pictured here is their daughter, Eliza (1867-1919). She married, in 1901, Philip Yardley De Normandie. Popular in the 188Os and 1890s, the Shingle style was developed in New England by many of the architects who designed houses on Pill Hill, including William Ralph Emerson, Peabody and Stearns, and Arthur Little. The style was an assimilation of Colonial Revival and Queen Anne influences adapted to the growing interest in informal, suburban living. There was a new sense of openness, with the strong emphasis on a harmonious relationship between the building and its environment. It is an architecture in which the framing is concealed by a tight sheathing of wood shingles in an organic, naturalistic fashion. As such, the Shingle style represents the ultimate reaction against the structuralism of the Stick style and the textural variety of the Queen Anne style. Complementing this skin-like surface, windows often form horizontal bands; verandas become an integral part of the main building and hug the ground. Although classical details can be found on some later Shingle style buildings, decoration is usually kept to a minimum. [9] On the corner, at 5 Maple Street, is a dark
100002.txt	13	textural variety of the Queen Anne style. Complementing this skin-like surface, windows often form horizontal bands; verandas become an integral part of the main building and hug the ground. Although classical details can be found on some later Shingle style buildings, decoration is usually kept to a minimum. [9] On the corner, at 5 Maple Street, is a dark Shingle style house with white trim designed in 1893 by Peabody and Stearns for George and Grace Dexter. Mr. Dexters firm sold house paints and stains. A steep side roof and banded (grouped) windows, similar to 22 Irving Street, are intermixed with a classical Palladian window and entrance porch. The Littles (see #8) moved from 107 Upland Rd. to 5 Maple around 1920. They were joined there by Mrs. Clara Reed Anthony, Mrs. Littles mother. She had been a life-long friend of Phoebe Apperson Hearst, the then recently deceased mother of William Randolph Hearst. They had corresponded, visited each other, and were engaged in projects together. When young "Willie" Hearst was in Harvard, Mrs. Anthony tried to keep an eye on him not too successfully, as he was notoriously "wild." In 1897 the two women worked on a conference and project for a women's university in Washington DC. They were also identified, together with others, as incorporators of Kindergarten Magazine. Clearly, these ventures were funded by Mrs. Hearsts vast wealth and, it is said, she proved her friend and confidant with a monthly stipend, as she did for others as well. [10] On the opposite corner of Maple Street, 27 Irving Street was designed by Arthur Little in 1887 for William Swan, a Boston lawyer. The house pre-dates Maple Street. Here, an interest in brickwork is combined with Shingle style elements. Among its unusual features is a curvaceous shingled side-porch, whose roof and walls blend together, and a false dormer on the rear pierced by a chimney. A mixture of the Shingle and Georgian Revival styles so typical of the 1890s can be seen in the two other houses facing Maple Street. [11] The two Shingle Style houses at 12 & 18 Maple were designed by Arthur Bowditch, with 12 Maple being his home. 12
100002.txt	14	false dormer on the rear pierced by a chimney. A mixture of the Shingle and Georgian Revival styles so typical of the 1890s can be seen in the two other houses facing Maple Street. [11] The two Shingle Style houses at 12 & 18 Maple were designed by Arthur Bowditch, with 12 Maple being his home. 12 Maple Street, built in 1894, has several details worth mentioning: the band of windows, the shingle surface and the side oriel window. Number 18 is well-integrated with its wooded setting, the porch nestled close to the ground in typical Shingle style fashion. Yet, notice the classical influence of the Palladian window on the side. [12] 107 Upland was designed by Hartwell & Richardson for F. W. Hobbs, treasurer of Arlington Mills in 1892. Whereas the shingled surface with its overlapping band of saw-toothed shingles emphasizes its horizontality, the tower and gabled dormers accentuate the simplicity of the steep hipped roof. In contrast note the classical detailing of the entrance with its curious combination of square and round posts. Until about 1919 it was the home of Mr. & Mrs. Arthur D. Little he having founded in 1886 the worlds first consulting firm, which still bears his name. For a time the family was joined by his nephew Royal Little, a Harvard student. He later founded Textron, the first corporate conglomerate. [13] In the same year, number 108 across the street was designed by Winslow and Walker for Joseph T. Walker, Speaker of the Massachusetts House and a U.S. Congressman. Characteristic of the Queen Anne style are the prominent chimney and complex roofline; Shingle style traits are evident in the horizontal bands of windows and the shingle wall fabric. The octagonal conservatory was added in 1905. and is the sole survivor of several which once graced nearby homes. The Development of the Philbrick Estate [Editor's Note In the previous section we toured the neighborhood abutting the front and sides of the Philbrick estate and the houses built by Edward Philbrick on Walnut St. We now tour houses behind the Philbrick house, built on the actual property of the original estate.] It is not surprising that subdivision of the Philbrick Estate, beginning in 1876, started from the church with which the Philbricks were so identified, the Swedenborgian. At first
100002.txt	15	the Philbrick estate and the houses built by Edward Philbrick on Walnut St. We now tour houses behind the Philbrick house, built on the actual property of the original estate.] It is not surprising that subdivision of the Philbrick Estate, beginning in 1876, started from the church with which the Philbricks were so identified, the Swedenborgian. At first, Walley Ave., as Philbrick called the portion of Upland Rd. above Irving, only went around the east side and top of what later became the Green. Walley Avenues namesake is not clear. Possibly it relates in some manner to Sally Walley Phillips, mother of Wendell Phillips, the great abolitionist orator with whom Philbrick was associated. Its name was later changed by the town to Upland Rd. because it was said, "Walley" was too easily confused with "Walnut." (As in this case, Brooklines newer streets were typically called Road while the older ones typically were Street or Place or Avenue; the towns first officially named streets in the 1840s included not a single "Road." The later preference for "Road" may reflect that words more rural connotation vs. the urban "Street.") The lower section of Upland (then called Harvey Ave.) was in place on the Wright Estate by 1877. After Edward Philbricks death in 1889 his family hired F.L. Olmsted, Sr. to compete the estates development plan. The Olmsted plan split Upland Rd. around the Green. The redesigned Upland Rd. was completed the same year. Old town engineering plans suggest the designation of "Maple St." once began at the Green, rather than at the curve, as it does now. To have an ordinary sized house lot encircled by a street is very unusual and suggests Olmsted may have been hoping "lot 18" would remain open space, even though he did not designate it as such. It was a tended lawn in the 1890s and clearly enhanced the value of the surrounding lots. It was bought by Mabel Foster of 78 Upland, sometime after 1893. She resold to the Town in 1901 when the Fosters left Pill Hill, with the town paying $2,500 and other neighbors paying a comparable amount. Officially on town maps it became Philbrick Square but until quite recently there was no sign identifying it as such; to the neighborhood it was
100002.txt	16	of 78 Upland, sometime after 1893. She resold to the Town in 1901 when the Fosters left Pill Hill, with the town paying $2,500 and other neighbors paying a comparable amount. Officially on town maps it became Philbrick Square but until quite recently there was no sign identifying it as such; to the neighborhood it was always simply "The Green." It was never elaborated as a "park" but has always been only a simple open greensward with trees around its edge. The last two huge 120-year old oaks planted by Philbrick were felled just a few years ago. (The benches only date from the 1980s.) It became the symbolic heart of the Pill Hill community. Every Christmas Eve neighbors of all faiths gather there for the annual "Caroling of the Green" and every Fathers Day for over fifty years the neighborhood has had its "Picnic on the Green" with games and pony rides a tradition started in the 1950s by the Smith children of 65 Upland, as a Bastille Day celebration. Recently, after some spirited conversation, a neighborhood consensus determined that it should officially become Philbrick Green. Around Philbrick Square many of Bostons foremost late nineteenth century architects are represented, with no ordinary Victorian "plan book" houses. On the east side, 56 Upland (1890), designed by Andrews, Jaques & Rantoul, combines the Shingle Style with a British Arts and Crafts vocabulary just then being introduced in England by the architect C.F.A. Voysey, reflecting the close ties between Boston and the British Arts and Crafts movements. That same year, Andrews, Jaques & Rantoul designed the Shingle Style 52 Upland, based on purely American models. The restrained slate-sided 62 Upland (1890) by Hartwell & Richardson, reflects an unusual influence, Northern French vernacular. In the 1980s its cellar housed the neighborhoods food co-op. After Edward Philbricks death in 1889 his family hired F.L. Olmsted, Sr. to compete the estates development plan. The Olmsted plan split Upland Rd. around the Green. The redesigned Upland Rd. was completed the same year. Old town engineering plans suggest the designation of "Maple St." once began at the Green, rather than at the curve, as it does now. To have an ordinary sized house lot encircled by a
100002.txt	17	compete the estates development plan. The Olmsted plan split Upland Rd. around the Green. The redesigned Upland Rd. was completed the same year. Old town engineering plans suggest the designation of "Maple St." once began at the Green, rather than at the curve, as it does now. To have an ordinary sized house lot encircled by a street is very unusual and suggests Olmsted may have been hoping "lot 18" would remain open space, even though he did not designate it as such. It was a tended lawn in the 1890s and clearly enhanced the value of the surrounding lots. It was bought by Mabel Foster of 78 Upland, sometime after 1893. She resold to the Town in 1901 when the Fosters left Pill Hill, with the town paying $2,500 and other neighbors paying a comparable amount. Officially on town maps it became Philbrick Square but until quite recently there was no sign identifying it as such; to the neighborhood it was always simply "The Green." It was never elaborated as a "park" but has always been only a simple open greensward with trees around its edge. The last two huge 120-year old oaks planted by Philbrick were felled just a few years ago. (The benches only date from the 1980s.) It became the symbolic heart of the Pill Hill community. Every Christmas Eve neighbors of all faiths gather there for the annual "Caroling of the Green" and every Fathers Day for over fifty years the neighborhood has had its "Picnic on the Green" with games and pony rides a tradition started in the 1950s by the Smith children of 65 Upland, as a Bastille Day celebration. Recently, after some spirited conversation, a neighborhood consensus determined that it should officially become Philbrick Green. Around Philbrick Square many of Bostons foremost late nineteenth century architects are represented, with no ordinary Victorian "plan book" houses. On the east side, 56 Upland (1890), designed by Andrews, Jaques & Rantoul, combines the Shingle Style with a British Arts and Crafts vocabulary just then being introduced in England by the architect C.F.A. Voysey, reflecting the close ties between Boston and the British Arts and Crafts movements. That same year, Andrews, Jaques & Rantoul designed the Shingle Style 52 Upland, based on purely American models. The restrained slate-sided 62
100002.txt	18	the Shingle Style with a British Arts and Crafts vocabulary just then being introduced in England by the architect C.F.A. Voysey, reflecting the close ties between Boston and the British Arts and Crafts movements. That same year, Andrews, Jaques & Rantoul designed the Shingle Style 52 Upland, based on purely American models. The restrained slate-sided 62 Upland (1890) by Hartwell & Richardson, reflects an unusual influence, Northern French vernacular. In the 1980s its cellar housed the neighborhoods food co-op. [14] 100 Upland Road was designed in 1889 for M.I.T. professor Charles Cross by the versatile architects Peabody and Stearns. Queen Anne details are featured in the oriel arid oval windows, the large arched window cutting through the gable and the steeply slanted rear roofline. Originally there was a porte-cochere to the right of the entrance and a widows walk roof balustrade. [15] In 1886, shortly before he died, Edward Philbrick built the Queen Anne 94 Upland. Two years later, Thomas Hart Clay, editor of the popular childrens magazine The Youths Companion, bought it. This brick house, with its high peaked roof, welcoming front porch and large windows, gives an air of comfort typical of late Victorian homes. He was followed by the Stevenson sisters, who were related to William Sumner Appleton, the founder of the Society for the Protection of New England Antiquities (now Historic New England). As a result, Historic New England has a collection of photographs of Pill Hill taken from inside and around this house in the 1890s. They show, for instance, that it and its neighbors had been built in the Philbricks orchard of large fruit trees. The next owner was Dr. Joseph Pratt, founder of the Pratt diagnostic clinic at the New England Medical Center. His daughters recalled growing up in a quiet formal Depression-era household that got along with "only" one or two servants on the third floor (with their tub and toilet in the cellar) plus a Japanese gardener. Since the 1920s, a semi-secret, pyramid-shaped closet within the porch roof of this house has been known to a succession of resident children and their neighborhood friends as "King Tuts Tomb." - Miriam Gratz Clay, pictured here, is the daughter of Thomas Hart Clay Jr. and Annie (Gratz) Clay. She married
100002.txt	19	plus a Japanese gardener. Since the 1920s, a semi-secret, pyramid-shaped closet within the porch roof of this house has been known to a succession of resident children and their neighborhood friends as "King Tuts Tomb." - Miriam Gratz Clay, pictured here, is the daughter of Thomas Hart Clay Jr. and Annie (Gratz) Clay. She married, 1905, Dr. William Cogswell. She is a descendant of generations of prominent Kentucky families and a direct descendant of Henry Clay, former Speaker of the House and Senator from Kentucky. Her family spent a few years living in Brookline on Walley Ave. when her father was the Boston editor of The Youth's Companion, published by Edward Stanwood, father of Ethel from whose album this photo comes and who lived at 76 High Street. [16] Sometime before 1885, Philbrick built 84 Upland, which he sold to Horace D. Chapin, treasurer of the Eastern Railroad. The 2009 owner has information that 84 Upland was designed by Ware & Van Brunt. It has a symmetrical facade with tar-dipped bricks delineating string courses, corner quoins, and window arches. The porch bracketing is reminiscent of the 1870s Stick style. [17] 78 Upland was also built by Philbrick. Horace Chapin (see #16) rented it while he waited for his house at 84 Upland to be completed. In 1886, Charles Henry Wheelwright Foster and wife, Mabel, bought and enlarged it using the architect Carl Fehmer, their neighbor. In 1893 they hired Peabody & Stearns to design the large, freestanding music pavilion to the right of the house. It was connected to the house by an iron-framed glazed corridor whose roof was made of massive glass slabs. Mr. Foster was, at various times, president of the Boston Sugar Refinery Company, the Brookline National Bank, and the Chickering Piano Co. The house was later owned by Isadore Braggiotti and his wife Lily (formerly Baroness de Relbnitz daughter of Mr. Sebastian Schlesinger of Boston). They were both singers who maintained a singular Hindu-vegetarian bohemian household with eight uninhibited musical children known to delight the likes of Amy Lowell and Mrs. Jack Gardner at Saturday musicales in the music pavilion. Several of the children later ran
100002.txt	20	aggiotti and his wife Lily (formerly Baroness de Relbnitz daughter of Mr. Sebastian Schlesinger of Boston). They were both singers who maintained a singular Hindu-vegetarian bohemian household with eight uninhibited musical children known to delight the likes of Amy Lowell and Mrs. Jack Gardner at Saturday musicales in the music pavilion. Several of the children later ran a dance studio a la Loie Fuller over a firehouse, performed in Vaudeville, started a national craze for piano four-hands. Actress daughter, Francesca, married John Lodge, grandson of the first Senator Henry Cabot Lodge and brother of the second. John Lodge was by turns, an actor, Governor of Connecticut, and ambassador to Fascist Spain. [18] 70 Upland (1875), another Philbrick-built house, was designed by Cabot & Chandler. Edward C. Cabot was the father-in-law of Charles Storrow who rented it from 1878 to 1885 before moving to 112 High St. The architect Carl Fehmer, of Fehmer & Page then lived there until 1890 when Charles Foster bought it. Stick style features are seen in the porch brackets and the dormer window gables. Queen Anne details include an irregular, complex roofline as well as ornamental brick chimneys. The two-story wintergarden bay was added in 1920 for Eugene Tryon Redmond and his wife Helen Eames Redmond, a pineapple heiress from Hawaii. She became a somewhat infamous neighborhood character. In her later years she was given to jogging (before that term was invented) through the neighborhood in tennis shoes while wearing red cloak. She was remembered, long after her departure, for having actively enforced Massachusetts then strict blue laws. (Woe unto him whom she saw mowing his grass on a Sunday! An apologetic policeman would soon be at the miscreants door.) And, contra the inclinations of many in the neighborhood, she was also a member of the fanatically anti-communist John Birch Society. [19] Returning downhill to Irving Street one passes 62 Upland Road designed by Hartwell and Richardson in 1890, with its unusual slate second floor resting on a brick base. The unique choice of slate instead of wood shingles is also effectively employed in the Richardsonian arched gables along the roofline. [20] The next two houses were designed in 1890 by Andrews, Jacques
100002.txt	21	Street one passes 62 Upland Road designed by Hartwell and Richardson in 1890, with its unusual slate second floor resting on a brick base. The unique choice of slate instead of wood shingles is also effectively employed in the Richardsonian arched gables along the roofline. [20] The next two houses were designed in 1890 by Andrews, Jacques and Rantoul. Number 56 emphasizes Shingle style elements in its arched entrance, sloping roofline and window hoods capping banded windows. [21] Across the square are two houses at 51 and 65 Upland Road, both built in 1891 by William Ralph Emerson. 51 Upland is a more typical Shingle Style, but still characteristically restrained, house by Emerson. After the turn of the century and into the twenties it was occupied Miss B. Gertrude Hall a practitioner of the then-new (and New Age-ish) "New Thought" movement, a spiritual healing movement distantly related to Christian Science. She lectured in Boston at Metaphysical Hall and gave spiritual guidance to devotees who boarded in the house. [21B] During the Depression there was a large house with a wraparound porch at 71 Upland that was occupied by an old lady and numerous cats. When she died, the house seemed so permeated by "cat" and had so little market value in relation to the taxes that in 1940 her heirs let the Fire Department burn it down for practice. The flames scorched 65 Upland (1891) next door, which had been bought the year before (for $4,000) by the Drs. George and Olive Smith, young pioneering researchers in fertility at the Free Hospital for Women. This very restrained house with refined detailing, including very thin, bead-edged clapboards, without corner boards, and simple gable over-hang, had been designed by William Ralph Emerson for Emily G. Denny, the sister of Dr. Francis Denny. [21A] Charles H.W. Foster hired Arthur H. Bowditch to design the Colonial Revival 57 Upland (1893), where for a time BSO conductor Wilhelm Gericke lived. It is a brick, five-bay variation of the Georgian Revival style with its steep hipped roof, dormers and colonial entrance. [22] At the corner of Upland Road and Irving Street is one of the most significant houses on
100002.txt	22	Colonial Revival 57 Upland (1893), where for a time BSO conductor Wilhelm Gericke lived. It is a brick, five-bay variation of the Georgian Revival style with its steep hipped roof, dormers and colonial entrance. [22] At the corner of Upland Road and Irving Street is one of the most significant houses on the hill. Built in 1876 for Edward Philbrick, 43 Upland Road reflects the stolid, formal design of the well-known architects. Ware and Van Brunt. It is typical of several Pill Hill houses in its use of brick string courses and heavily bracketed eaves and porch. The roof with its gables and dormers is dominated by a large center chimney. The bargeboard, the hammer-beam, the board and batten paneling in the gable and the porch brackets all suggest the Stick style. Flourishing during the later nineteenth century, the Stick style is "an architecture of sticks expressing the structural fact of the members of its frame"3. Most often found on gable ends and upper stories, this'stick work' is usually a series of intersecting boards which are decoratively applied over the clapboard to suggest the structural skeleton. Characterized by angularity and verticality, the roofline is generally composed of steep intersecting gables. Frequently rambling verandas with simple diagonal bracing add to the prevailing asymmetry of the facade. [23] Other Stick style detailing can be seen diagonally across Irving Street at 36 and 30 Upland Road. 36 Upland was built in 1878 for N.C. Towle, a homeopathic doctor. Charles Knowles Bolton and Ethel Stanwood Bolton (see the 48 Allerton section for more details) later moved here from number 30, next door, and stayed from 1902 to 1905 before moving to their house at 48 Allerton St. [23A] 30 Upland was erected circa 1879 for Cyrus Washburn Ruggles, head of the Brookline Village Post Office and his wife, Anna Holmes (Baker) Ruggles. Later it was occupied by Robert Lincoln OBrian, former personal secretary to Grover Cleveland, and president and editor of the Boston Herald. Charles Knowles Bolton and Ethel Stanwood Bolton lived here from 1900 to 1901 before moving next door to number 36 (see the 48 Allerton section for more
100002.txt	23	, Anna Holmes (Baker) Ruggles. Later it was occupied by Robert Lincoln OBrian, former personal secretary to Grover Cleveland, and president and editor of the Boston Herald. Charles Knowles Bolton and Ethel Stanwood Bolton lived here from 1900 to 1901 before moving next door to number 36 (see the 48 Allerton section for more details on them). - Cyrus Ruggles' youngest daughter, Theo Alice Ruggles (1871 - 1932), became a world-famous sculptor at a time when that world was almost exclusively male. She was denied entry to the School of the Museum of Fine Arts and other schools due variously to her age and gender and was taught, instead, by tutors. In 1887, she went to Paris with her tutor, Henry Hudson Kitson, in order to study there. They married in 1893. She specialized in public war-related sculptures and there are dozens in place around the country and abroad. For more details see From Snow Sculptures to the Paris Salon and Beyond. The Swedenborgians & Their Church [24] Another active force in the emerging intellectual and social character of Pill Hill was the Swedenborgian Church of the New Jerusalem. The Swedenborgian denomination, founded in 1787 in London, was based on the religious philosophy of Emmanuel Swedenborg, an eighteenth century Swedish scientist and inventor whose writings influenced the likes of William Blake, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Baudelaire, Balzac, and Strindberg, among others. He promoted a rational approach to love, wisdom, and order, and a belief that salvation was not possible through faith alone but must also be based on good works. Swedenborg also believed that Africans were particularly attuned to the Deity thus part of the appeal of Swedenborgianism for Abolitionists. The Swedenborgian milieu also tended to be spiritualist and utopian, in keeping with much progressive thought of the time. The Swedenborgian movement came to the United States in 1818 and peaked along with the great revival movement in the decades before the Civil War. In 1857, a group of Swedenborgian followers residing in Boston and Brookline formed a Brookline congregation, initially holding services in Town Hall and in private homes. (Eventually there would be eight Swedenborgian churches in Massachusetts. Today only a few thousand Swedenborgians remain in the US.) Swedenborgians were deeply involved in
100002.txt	24	in the decades before the Civil War. In 1857, a group of Swedenborgian followers residing in Boston and Brookline formed a Brookline congregation, initially holding services in Town Hall and in private homes. (Eventually there would be eight Swedenborgian churches in Massachusetts. Today only a few thousand Swedenborgians remain in the US.) Swedenborgians were deeply involved in the abolition movement. The Gothic Revival, puddingstone, Swedenborgian Church of the New Jerusalem (1862; Since 1966 the Latvian-Lutheran Church) clearly reflects the influence of the British Gothic Revival propagandist and architect A.N.W. Pugin as seen in the structural honesty of the "relieving arch," designed to carry wall loads around the west window, just visible in the wall fabric above the windows (an example of subtle structural "honesty" rather than the typical mid-Victorian enhanced expression of structure). The church was designed by the brief partnership of Edward Philbrick with William Ware, who was clearly its designer and soon entered partnership with Henry Van Brunt. (Unfortunately, the interior, which reflected the same simple honesty of materials, is radically altered.) For a time Ware & Van Brunt was second only to H.H. Richardson as one of Bostons most important architectural firms. Their well known works include Memorial Hall at Harvard. Edward Philbricks mother and his brother William made generous donations towards the construction of the church. Other original proprietors were also Pill Hill residents. Dr. Augustine Shurtleff, who owned 14 Allerton St., facing the apse end, was a founding member and generous supporter. Tellingly perhaps, the church was dedicated on Washingtons Birthday, 1862. The present abutting "apartment building" on the site (58 Irving St.) is an unfortunate, 1970s pre-Historic District reconstruction of the original rectory, after a fire. (Farley Wheelwright, who living there as a boy in the 1920s, recalls that only the principal rooms were electrified while the remainder were still illuminated by gas. He also recalls being operated on, lying on the kitchen table. His adenoids were removed, after the doctor had wafted a can of ether under his nose.) The High St. meeting hall façade between 58 Irving and the church also pre-dates the Historic District. The Swedenborgian movement came to the United States in 1818 and peaked along with the great revival movement in the
100002.txt	25	on, lying on the kitchen table. His adenoids were removed, after the doctor had wafted a can of ether under his nose.) The High St. meeting hall façade between 58 Irving and the church also pre-dates the Historic District. The Swedenborgian movement came to the United States in 1818 and peaked along with the great revival movement in the decades before the Civil War. In 1857, a group of Swedenborgian followers residing in Boston and Brookline formed a Brookline congregation, initially holding services in Town Hall and in private homes. (Eventually there would be eight Swedenborgian churches in Massachusetts. Today only a few thousand Swedenborgians remain in the US.) Swedenborgians were deeply involved in the abolition movement. The Gothic Revival, puddingstone, Swedenborgian Church of the New Jerusalem (1862; Since 1966 the Latvian-Lutheran Church) clearly reflects the influence of the British Gothic Revival propagandist and architect A.N.W. Pugin as seen in the structural honesty of the "relieving arch," designed to carry wall loads around the west window, just visible in the wall fabric above the windows (an example of subtle structural "honesty" rather than the typical mid-Victorian enhanced expression of structure). The church was designed by the brief partnership of Edward Philbrick with William Ware, who was clearly its designer and soon entered partnership with Henry Van Brunt. (Unfortunately, the interior, which reflected the same simple honesty of materials, is radically altered.) For a time Ware & Van Brunt was second only to H.H. Richardson as one of Bostons most important architectural firms. Their well known works include Memorial Hall at Harvard. Edward Philbricks mother and his brother William made generous donations towards the construction of the church. Other original proprietors were also Pill Hill residents. Dr. Augustine Shurtleff, who owned 14 Allerton St., facing the apse end, was a founding member and generous supporter. Tellingly perhaps, the church was dedicated on Washingtons Birthday, 1862. The present abutting "apartment building" on the site (58 Irving St.) is an unfortunate, 1970s pre-Historic District reconstruction of the original rectory, after a fire. (Farley Wheelwright, who living there as a boy in the 1920s, recalls that only the principal rooms were electrified while the remainder were still illuminated by gas. He also recalls being operated on,
100002.txt	26	on the site (58 Irving St.) is an unfortunate, 1970s pre-Historic District reconstruction of the original rectory, after a fire. (Farley Wheelwright, who living there as a boy in the 1920s, recalls that only the principal rooms were electrified while the remainder were still illuminated by gas. He also recalls being operated on, lying on the kitchen table. His adenoids were removed, after the doctor had wafted a can of ether under his nose.) The High St. meeting hall façade between 58 Irving and the church also pre-dates the Historic District. The Brookline Land Company The Brookline Land Company was the neighborhoods largest landowner in the second half of the nineteenth century, controlling 80 acres. This included almost all the land annexed from Roxbury in 1844, between High St. and the Muddy River, and extending from the edge of the "Farm" section of Brookline Village (site of the Brook House and Co-op housing) almost to Jamaica Pond. The Companys tract had been the Samuel Ward Farm an orchard famous for its Roxbury Russet apples. The Brookline Land Company was established in 1860 to develop the area while maintaining the neighborhoods character. It wished to preserve the quality of the neighborhood through deed restrictions (the only long term planning means available before zoning), which prevented "occupation or erection of any building which could work injury or annoyance to residents." There was a significant overlap among the Companys proprietors, neighborhood residents, and Swedenborgians. [25] Facing the church on the other side of the entrance to Upland is the imposing 39 Irving (1876), built for James W. Edgerly, a cotton broker, Selectman, and proprietor of the Swedenborgian Church. The brick of the first floor extends upward to a prominent ornamented chimney while the overhanging second floor has a wall surface of vertical boarding. Accented with Stick style framing, the structure reflects a picturesque Queen Anne quality with its tower, peaked dormers, and mixture of materials. His summer home on Ironbound Island, Maine was later immortalized in watercolor sketches by John Singer Sargent. His daughter Mary Sophronia (Edgerly) Andrews is said to have won the first womens golf match ever played in the U.S. (at The Country Club). Her daughter Louise lived here for a time after her mother died. Later, as Louise Andrews Kent, she
100002.txt	27	Island, Maine was later immortalized in watercolor sketches by John Singer Sargent. His daughter Mary Sophronia (Edgerly) Andrews is said to have won the first womens golf match ever played in the U.S. (at The Country Club). Her daughter Louise lived here for a time after her mother died. Later, as Louise Andrews Kent, she wrote The Brookline Trunk, a childrens book about Brooklines history, with the turret of this, her grandfathers house, being the setting for one chapter. [26] Mr. Augustine Shurtleff was another generous founder of the Swedenborgian Church. Beyond the row of evergreens, one of his houses remains at 14 Allerton Street. Built circa 1882, this is a good example of Queen Anne style architecture. The complexity of its exterior massing with towers, peaked slate roof, tall chimneys and dormer windows, is typical of many domestic buildings of the era and exhibits the restless activity of Victorian design. Notice the four patterns of wood surfacing-clapboards, scalloped and hexagonal shingles, and paneling - which further break up an already complex facade. The very name, Queen Anne, suggests the eclecticism of its originators. It was coined in England to describe buildings that were supposedly inspired by the transitional architecture of the pre-Georgian period when classical ornament was grafted onto buildings of basic medieval form. The Queen Anne style plays on contrasting materials: first floors are often molded brick or stone; upper floors are of stucco, clapboard or decorative shingles. Roofs are irregular, often with turrets or second-story projections, and gable ends are ornamented with half-timbering or stylized relief decoration. Banks of casement windows are typical, and upper panes are frequently outlined by stained-glass squares. Just as verandas and balconies opened houses to the outdoors, interior plans allowed for large, open spaces. The very name, Queen Anne, suggests the eclecticism of its originators. It was coined in England to describe buildings that were supposedly inspired by the transitional architecture of the pre-Georgian period when classical ornament was grafted onto buildings of basic medieval form. The Queen Anne style plays on contrasting materials: first floors are often molded brick or stone; upper floors are of stucco, clapboard or decorative shingles. Roofs are irregular, often with turrets or second-story projections, and gable ends are
100002.txt	28	the transitional architecture of the pre-Georgian period when classical ornament was grafted onto buildings of basic medieval form. The Queen Anne style plays on contrasting materials: first floors are often molded brick or stone; upper floors are of stucco, clapboard or decorative shingles. Roofs are irregular, often with turrets or second-story projections, and gable ends are ornamented with half-timbering or stylized relief decoration. Banks of casement windows are typical, and upper panes are frequently outlined by stained-glass squares. Just as verandas and balconies opened houses to the outdoors, interior plans allowed for large, open spaces. [27] 76 High (1880), is one of the most unusual buildings in Brookline. Built for Edward Stanwood and designed by Clarence Luce, it is a true example of the English Victorian Queen Anne style, which inspired the American version of Queen Anne. The tile roof and tile siding are typical of the English Queen Anne but the roof tiles were unusual here and such typical English "tile hung" siding was almost completely unknown in the U.S. Also characteristic of the English Queen Anne are the decorative terra cotta and carved wood panels, and the typical Queen Anne sunflower design. The gargoyles embarrassed Stanwood, publisher of the extremely influential The Youths Companion, who became known as the man with "the house of sunflowers and devils." It also has interior murals and a stained glass window by Thomas Wilmer Dewing dating from the time of its construction. The 2009 owners carefully restored the exterior polychrome decorations, which had all been painted over and uncovered the Dewing murals and stencil-work decorations that had been covered with wallpaper. - Ethel Stanwood (1873 - 1954) was the compiler of two photo albums from which most of the images of Pill Hill children in this tour are drawn. She graduated from Wellesley College in 1894 and married Charles Knowles Bolton in 1897. She was a Registrar for the Massachusetts Society of the Colonial Dames, authored books and articles about local history, and was an amateur artist. Her husband, the author of Brookline, The History of a Favored Town and other books, graduated from Harvard in 1890, was Librarian of the Brookline Public Library from 1893-1898, and spent the remainder of his career as Librarian of the Boston Athenaeum. -
100002.txt	29	books and articles about local history, and was an amateur artist. Her husband, the author of Brookline, The History of a Favored Town and other books, graduated from Harvard in 1890, was Librarian of the Brookline Public Library from 1893-1898, and spent the remainder of his career as Librarian of the Boston Athenaeum. - Edward Stanwood Jr. (1876- 1939) graduated from Bowdoin College, the alma mater of his father, and Harvard Law School. He married Marion Evans and worked in Boston. [28] The tough-minded but picturesquely-massed, almost Gothic-feeling, brick house at 84 High (1875), was designed by Weston & Rand for John D. Runkle, second president of M.I.T. and an influential Brookline School Committee member, after whom the Runkle School is named. It displays a careful balancing of vertical and horizontal features. An irregular plan of elaborate belt courses in the brickwork are set against the extremely steep slate roof, tall prominent chimneys and corner turret. Identical to porch details of the Swedenborgian Church, stick work ornaments the porch and dormers. Left: Lindsley Loring (1886, age 15) Middle: Alice Loring (1886, age 12) Right: Marjorie Channing Loring (1886, age 9) Middle: Alice Loring (1886, age 12) Right: Marjorie Channing Loring (1886, age 9) These are the three children of Thacher Loring and Margaret Fuller (Channing) Loring. They are direct descendants of William Ellery, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, and their great-grandfather was the fourth dean of Harvard Medical School. - Lindsley (1871-1956) married Charlotte Blake Cochrane. He held executive positions in several New England chemical companies. They lived in Westwood, MA. - Alice (1874-1934) married William Lothrop Edwards, a physician. They lived in various locations in Boston's Back Bay. By 1923 they were living at 15 Hereford where they lived until January 1934, the month in which they both died. - Marjorie (1877-1959) was involved with many charitable organizations. She never married. [30] Cadwallader Curry, engaged in the wool business and a Savings Bank Commissioner
100002.txt	30	Boston's Back Bay. By 1923 they were living at 15 Hereford where they lived until January 1934, the month in which they both died. - Marjorie (1877-1959) was involved with many charitable organizations. She never married. [30] Cadwallader Curry, engaged in the wool business and a Savings Bank Commissioner, built the Stick Style house at 100 High St. (1880). Notice the half-hip dormer, the ornamental slate roof, and the clapboards overlaid with Stick style boarding. - Pictured here is his son, Sebastian (1874-1951). Sebastian's mother, Mary Abby Lane, was a music teacher. The family moved to Europe in 1890 and Sebastian lived at various times in Switzerland, Italy, and Austria, but primarily in the town of Riederau-on-the-Ammersee, Germany, near Munich, where he was a farmer. [31] Across High Street is number 99, built in the 1860s for John W. Candler, who was a Representative in the U.S. Congress, as well as a director of the Brookline and Aspinwall Land Companies. There was a great annexation struggle between Brookline and Boston in the 1870s, when Brookline became the first suburb of a major U.S. city to successfully resist annexation by its adjacent core city. Brookline started a national trend, which by the end of the century effectively ended the growth of many U.S. core cities through annexation. Candler was a leader of the losing, proannexation side and, as a result, lost his "safe" Republican seat in Congress. In 1907, the architect F. Manton Wakefield, then its owner, installed alterations which include towers, pointed gables, and a half-timbered facade hat now give the edifice a medieval-Gothic appearance. There remain several mysteries surrounding the Hall family who lived here, apparently with Candler, in the 1880s. Joseph Thomas Hall and Myra Isabelle (Garrison) Hall were living in Baltimore when their son, Fred Garrison Hall, pictured here, was born in 1879. The last known records for Joseph Thomas Hall are for 1880 in Baltimore; his son, Irving Kent, pictured here, was born in September 1881, so this would indicate that he died in early 1881. The widowed Myra Garrison Hall
100002.txt	31	Hall were living in Baltimore when their son, Fred Garrison Hall, pictured here, was born in 1879. The last known records for Joseph Thomas Hall are for 1880 in Baltimore; his son, Irving Kent, pictured here, was born in September 1881, so this would indicate that he died in early 1881. The widowed Myra Garrison Hall then leaves Baltimore and moves to John Candler's 99 High St. home. She is listed at 99 High between 1885 - 1889 and subsequently in Cambridge starting in 1892. In 1900, son, Irving Kent, pictured here, is living with her there as he attends Harvard. There remain several mysteries surrounding the Hall family who lived here, apparently with Candler, in the 1880s. Joseph Thomas Hall and Myra Isabelle (Garrison) Hall were living in Baltimore when their son, Fred Garrison Hall, pictured here, was born in 1879. The last known records for Joseph Thomas Hall are for 1880 in Baltimore; his son, Irving Kent, pictured here, was born in September 1881, so this would indicate that he died in early 1881. The widowed Myra Garrison Hall then leaves Baltimore and moves to John Candler's 99 High St. home. She is listed at 99 High between 1885 - 1889 and subsequently in Cambridge starting in 1892. In 1900, son, Irving Kent, pictured here, is living with her there as he attends Harvard. - Irving Kent married Helen Macy in 1910 and was employed as a tea merchant in a New York firm run by his wife's father. - Fred Garrison Hall married Evelyn Orville Ames in 1909 after graduating from Harvard. He was trained as an architect but became an etcher whose works are in museums around the world. His first wife, Evelyn, died in December of 1940. He continued to live in their home at 260 Beacon St., Boston, then married Ariel Perry and moved to 360 Beacon St., Boston. [31A] 123 High St. was the long time home of Joshua Crane and Annie Eliza (Jose) Crane. His daughter, Mary, married Edward Francis McClennen in 1911. Upon graduation from Harvard Law School in 1895, her future husband joined the law office of Louis Brandeis who later became the first Jewish Justice of the Supreme Court. But their marriage only happened after some significant
100002.txt	32	. was the long time home of Joshua Crane and Annie Eliza (Jose) Crane. His daughter, Mary, married Edward Francis McClennen in 1911. Upon graduation from Harvard Law School in 1895, her future husband joined the law office of Louis Brandeis who later became the first Jewish Justice of the Supreme Court. But their marriage only happened after some significant drama: Mary Crane would find herself in the middle of a high-society scandal that was featured in a front-page double-type-headlined article (Boston Post, October 28, 1910). At the time she had been the close friend of Mary Bigelow Young, the wife of Edward McClennen, a prominent lawyer with the well-know law firm of Brandeis, Dunbar & Nutter. When Mrs. McClennen was away, Mary Crane often stayed at the McClennen's house and cared for the children. The McClennens, who had recently completed a custom home at 35 Lakeview Ave., Cambridge, were close friends with Mr. and Mrs. Sawyer, he, a law associate of Mr. McClennen who lived around the corner at 77 Larch Rd. with his then pregnant wife and their two boys. Mary Young McClennen abruptly ran off with Robert Sawyer, and Edward McClennen filed suit for divorce soon thereafter. Mary Crane cared for the children after the elopement and, ten months later, after the divorce was finalized, she and Mr. McClennen married. Left: Mary Crane, (1886, age 11) Right: 1886 Mary Crane (left, age 11) with Katherine Putnam Peabody who lived around the corner at 50 Edgehill Rd. Right: 1886 Mary Crane (left, age 11) with Katherine Putnam Peabody who lived around the corner at 50 Edgehill Rd. LAWYER ELOPES WITH HIS PARTNER'S WIFE Robert W. Sawyer, Jr., and Mrs. Edward McClennen, prominent in Cambridge Society, Disappear Together Both Madly Infatuated With Each Other Mary Crane would find herself in the middle of a high-society scandal that was featured in a front-page double-type-headlined article (Boston Post, October 28, 1910). At the time she had been the close friend of Mary Bigelow Young, the wife of Edward McClennen, a prominent lawyer with the well-know law firm of Brandeis, Dunbar & Nutter. When Mrs. McClennen
100002.txt	33	a high-society scandal that was featured in a front-page double-type-headlined article (Boston Post, October 28, 1910). At the time she had been the close friend of Mary Bigelow Young, the wife of Edward McClennen, a prominent lawyer with the well-know law firm of Brandeis, Dunbar & Nutter. When Mrs. McClennen was away, Mary Crane often stayed at the McClennen's house and cared for the children. The McClennens, who had recently completed a custom home at 35 Lakeview Ave., Cambridge, were close friends with Mr. and Mrs. Sawyer, he, a law associate of Mr. McClennen who lived around the corner at 77 Larch Rd. with his then pregnant wife and their two boys. Mary Young McClennen abruptly ran off with Robert Sawyer, and Edward McClennen filed suit for divorce soon thereafter. Mary Crane cared for the children after the elopement and, ten months later, after the divorce was finalized, she and Mr. McClennen married. [32] At 127 High Street is a stucco hipped-roof Arts & Crafts style house designed in 1909 by Edwin Lewis, Jr. for Prescott F. Hall, grandson of Walter Farnsworth, who built 135 High for his daughter. Prescott Hall was a lawyer and prolific writer on such topics as law, economics, and eugenics. Best known for founding the League for Restriction of Immigration, in 1906 he wrote Immigration and its Effect upon the United States. But he also was involved in progressive housing reform and helped draft Brooklines first zoning bylaw. [32A] Next door at 135 High Street is a large Greek Revival house built for Prescott Hall's father between 1871-74, the large portico being a later addition. The house was updated in 1926 by Edwin J. Lewis Jr., who added the monumental columns, long windows and new entrance. The wrought iron fence once enclosed the entire Hall property. Its circa 1870 barn, at 131 High, became a house about 1940. [32B] According to local legend, the Italianate house at 138 High Street (ca. 1861) was another station on the underground railway although its apparent construction date, suggests otherwise. This house is one of the earliest to be built in the development of High Street Hill (Pill Hill). It was built by Sarah Searle, a Swedenborgian
100002.txt	34	[32B] According to local legend, the Italianate house at 138 High Street (ca. 1861) was another station on the underground railway although its apparent construction date, suggests otherwise. This house is one of the earliest to be built in the development of High Street Hill (Pill Hill). It was built by Sarah Searle, a Swedenborgian who was not married, for her own use. It was the home of Dr. Walter Channing at the time of his death in 1876. He was first dean of the Harvard Medical School and a founder of the Boston Lying-In Hospital. In the late 1800s Mrs. Elizabeth Lamb, along with her daughter Augusta and her son Henry lived here. In the 1920s, Henry Whitney Lamb, an industrialist and president of the Brookline Savings Bank who, like several of his neighbors, was a member of the Anti-Imperialist League, continued to live there. Edgehill Road Laid out as Summit Street in 1871, Edgehill Road is one of the most attractive cul-de-sacs in Brookline. As one walks along, notice the landscaping which, in many instances, retains its Victorian character. Perhaps most immediately striking is the diversity of trees, shrubs, and vines which produces subtle blendings and contrasts of foliage color, shape, and texture. The Victorians were as fascinated by the profusion of botanical varieties available in the second half of the nineteenth century as they were with the complexity of architectural patterns. Closer inspection reveals other elements typical of Victorian landscaping-curvilinear design, irregularity to achieve a picturesque quality, and the careful creation of miniature vistas to enhance a feeling of seclusion. "Every walk has a purpose" was the dictum of the Victorian gardener. Nicknamed "Candler's Jam" (1881), the set of four closely-spaced, Queen Anne cottages at 17, 19, 25, & 29 Edgehill, was built by Congressman John W. Candler, a director of the Land Company, as an endowment for an unmarried daughter. Although similar, each has individual features. 33 Edgehill Rd. photo courtesy Hammond Residential Real Estate photo courtesy Hammond Residential Real Estate [35] Next door, 41 Edgehill Road exemplifies the fashionable practice of altering buildings to contemporary tastes. Here the clapboard mansard-roofed home of Samuel Cabot, which dates to 1870-71, was "
100002.txt	35	Although similar, each has individual features. 33 Edgehill Rd. photo courtesy Hammond Residential Real Estate photo courtesy Hammond Residential Real Estate [35] Next door, 41 Edgehill Road exemplifies the fashionable practice of altering buildings to contemporary tastes. Here the clapboard mansard-roofed home of Samuel Cabot, which dates to 1870-71, was "Colonial Revivalized" in 1934, with pedimented dormers and doorway, a fanlight, and a round arched window, by Royal Barry Wills, one of the great popularizers of the Colonial Revival. [36] The house at 44 Edgehill Road is a brick Queen Anne style structure by Robert Peabody who designed his own house nearby. It was constructed for Peabody's friend and college roommate, Moorfield Storey. In about 1904, he and Peabody both moved to new Peabody-designed houses on the Fenway. The Storey sisters grew up here with their parents, Moorfield Storey and Ann Gertrude (Cutts) Storey. Storey was a president of the American Bar Association and the president, for most of its existence, of the Anti-Imperialist League, an organization founded to oppose the annexation of the Philippines as a colony and to support free trade and the gold standard. Its members included Jane Addams, Andrew Carnegie, Grover Cleveland, Mark Twain, Samuel Gompers, and John Dewey, among many notables. Later Storey became the first president of the NAACP. - Elizabeth (1871 - 1951), the older sister, led a women's organization in support of French recovery after World War I, an effort that earned her induction into the French Legion of Honor. She aided that country again after World War II. (The Boston Globe, covering a 1947 visit to Normandy, described her as "a regal-appearing great-grandmother, whose fragile exterior appears in great contradiction to her drive, energy, and organizing talent".) She was also a leader in the effort to repeal Prohibition and active in many other civic organizations. Her husband, Robert Williamson Lovett, was a prominent orthopedic surgeon who died in 1924. The couple purchased 7 Fairfield St., Boston in 1901 and lived there until Robert's death. - Katherine (1879-1920), the younger sister, married Malcolm Donald, a graduate of Harvard
100002.txt	36	to repeal Prohibition and active in many other civic organizations. Her husband, Robert Williamson Lovett, was a prominent orthopedic surgeon who died in 1924. The couple purchased 7 Fairfield St., Boston in 1901 and lived there until Robert's death. - Katherine (1879-1920), the younger sister, married Malcolm Donald, a graduate of Harvard Law School who practiced in Boston. They lived in Milton with their two children. 50 Edgehill Rd. photo courtesy Mass Realty photo courtesy Mass Realty Left: Katherine Putnam Peabody, (right, 1886, age 9) with Mary Crane (left) who lived around the corner at 123 High St. Right: Mary Derby Peabody (1886, age 5) Right: Mary Derby Peabody (1886, age 5) [36A] 50 Edgehill is not visible from the street. It was the house of architect Robert Swain Peabody and Annie Putnam from 1876 - 1903. - Their daughter, Katherine Putnam Peabody (1877-1955), married William Rodman Peabody in 1908. - Her younger sister, Mary Derby Peabody (1881-1981) married Henry Russell Scott in 1910. Their grandfather was a minister of King's Chapel, Boston. [37] Note also 36 Edgehill Road, a brick and shingle building with half-timbering in the front gable. This stucco and wood patterning typical of late Queen Anne design suggest the renewed interest in English medieval motifs. It belonged to Charles Torrey, an artist who painted ships and nautical scenes. [38] In 1881 Edward Cabot and Francis Chandler designed the house at 26 Edgehill Road for Samuel Cabot, Jr. Here one sees the turret, diamond paned windows, bays, and the multiple shingle patterns of the period. [39] 20 Edgehill Road was built in 1884 for Charles Storrow, head of a cotton brokerage firm, and Martha Cabot Storrow. This brick and shingle house was designed by Cabot and Chandler, the former being Martha's father who lived on High Street in the Point. Note the gambrel roof, turret, prominent chimney and eyebrow dormer. Frederick Law Olmsted's landscaping is evident in the pastoral setting-with the heavy stone wall, rolling hills and a quaint stone bridge. It almost seems the very
100002.txt	37	This brick and shingle house was designed by Cabot and Chandler, the former being Martha's father who lived on High Street in the Point. Note the gambrel roof, turret, prominent chimney and eyebrow dormer. Frederick Law Olmsted's landscaping is evident in the pastoral setting-with the heavy stone wall, rolling hills and a quaint stone bridge. It almost seems the very picturesque 20 Edgehill, with its exceedingly odd assortment of window shapes and sizes, and equally eccentric muntin bar patterns, was meant to terminate the garden, in the English landscape tradition of the garden "Folly." [40] Walking down Cumberland Avenue, note the imposing facade of 112 High Street, in contrast to the small stature of its renovated carriage house at 50 Cumberland Avenue. Like 20 Edgehill Road it is a brick and shingle house designed by Cabot and Chandler and built in 1884 for Charles Storrow and Martha Cabot Storrow. It was designed so that a small discrete stage could be created at one end of the parlor and it was used by a neighborhood Shakespeare Club. Unfortunately, the original John La Farge stained glass windows in the house were sold in the 1970s. It also suffered a kitchen and roof fire at about that time, changing the roof profile on the Cumberland side. Between 112 High and 20 Edgehill is an intensely developed F.L. Olmsted, Sr. landscape that includes a ravine spanned by a stone bridge and hills banked up against a street-edge retaining wall of rough puddingstone boulders, forming a sort of "ha ha" (a one sided wall not visible from inside the property). Unfortunately, the original John La Farge stained glass windows in the house were sold in the 1970s. It also suffered a kitchen and roof fire at about that time, changing the roof profile on the Cumberland side. Between 112 High and 20 Edgehill is an intensely developed F.L. Olmsted, Sr. landscape that includes a ravine spanned by a stone bridge and hills banked up against a street-edge retaining wall of rough puddingstone boulders, forming a sort of "ha ha" (a one sided wall not visible from inside the property). Brookline Land Companys Development Below High St. Allerton St. was the first part to be built out of the Brookline Land Companys second plan for the area east of High. It was initially an oblique extension of
100002.txt	38	puddingstone boulders, forming a sort of "ha ha" (a one sided wall not visible from inside the property). Brookline Land Companys Development Below High St. Allerton St. was the first part to be built out of the Brookline Land Companys second plan for the area east of High. It was initially an oblique extension of Irving St. Set in the Pond Ave. curve at the bottom of Allerton, where the original lower entry to the Land Companys unrealized five-acre park was to have been, was the old Ward School. Originally built on Pearl Place in Brookline Village in 1853, it was enlarged and moved in 1863 to this Land Company site. (Buildings were moved routinely in frugal nineteenth century New England; there is an entire street of moved cottages in the Point neighborhood.) In 1888 the school was razed, being deemed incompatible with Olmsteds design for the Emerald Necklace. The present Allerton Overlook, as Olmsteds design referred to this site, was recently restored in memory of Louise Castle, Pill Hill resident and Brooklines first Selectwoman. Eventually, the Land Company coordinated its plans with those Olmsted drew up for the Muddy River Improvement, now part of the Emerald Necklace although Olmsteds first Brookline park plans date only from 1880, well after the Land Companys second subdivision plan for this area had been laid out by Ernest Bowditch. Eventually, in the 1890s, the Company sold to the town much of what became Olmsted Park, Leverett Pond, and Riverdale Parkway (a former pleasure drive where the bicycle and pedestrian paths are now). One reason this part of the neighborhood was slow to develop is that, before Olmsteds improvements, the brackish tidewaters of the fetid Back Bay reached as far as the present Leverett Pond. [41] One could easily be misled by number 47 across the street. It was designed in 1928 by Kilham, Hopkins and Greely in imitation of seventeenth and eighteenth century colonial homes. [41A] A Pill Hill institution is the clay tennis court at the corner of Hawthorn and Cumberland. By 1893, far earlier than for much of that area, there was already a house on that lot, owned by E.W. Lamb. By 1907 the house had been replaced by a carriage house or "
100002.txt	39	seventeenth and eighteenth century colonial homes. [41A] A Pill Hill institution is the clay tennis court at the corner of Hawthorn and Cumberland. By 1893, far earlier than for much of that area, there was already a house on that lot, owned by E.W. Lamb. By 1907 the house had been replaced by a carriage house or "barn", designed by Peabody & Stearns, and still owned by Lamb. Curiously, the barn (as shown on town atlases) appeared to have the same footprint as the house, but was located further up the Cumberland side of the lot. In the 1920s it belonged to Mrs. Redmond, who lived at 70 Upland. Mrs. Redmond, whose daughter was an accomplished equestrian, kept a horse in her Cumberland Ave. barn. It was also rumored, perhaps apocryphally, to have been a Prohibition era depository of bootlegged hooch. In 1930 she sold the lot for $10,500 to The Hawthorne Associates Trust. By then the tennis court was already in place. The Trusts shareholders were a broad group of neighbors who may have been more concerned about inappropriate development than about tennis. At that time and for some years thereafter the barn was used to store stage scenery for the Leland Powers School of the Spoken Word and to garage automobiles. The tennis court was leased to an informal neighborhood club. Sometime in the 1940s the trust considered subdividing the lot and selling the part with the barn, which has been recalled as being built of brick and stone, for conversion into a house. However a zoning change precluded that. In the mid-50s the barn was demolished. At some point the Trust took over the role of the tennis club. It also gradually gained control of a majority of the shares, although some are still handed down from owner to owner when houses are sold. Anyone living in the neighborhood can be a playing member of the club. [42] At the eastern base of Pill Hill stands the Boston Free Hospital for Women. The major hospital building abutting the Muddy River (part of the Olmsted Park System National Register District) was built in 1895 by Shaw and Hunnewell. Trimmed in limestone, details include string coursing, arched windows, carved keystones and
100002.txt	40	the club. [42] At the eastern base of Pill Hill stands the Boston Free Hospital for Women. The major hospital building abutting the Muddy River (part of the Olmsted Park System National Register District) was built in 1895 by Shaw and Hunnewell. Trimmed in limestone, details include string coursing, arched windows, carved keystones and an unusual motif of diamond shaped carved lions' heads. A bracketed cornice, gables and copper dormers in the wings add to the richness of detail. Though less ornate, the other buildings and rear wing echo the main structure's design. The hospital is historically significant as the first teaching hospital for Harvard and as the first hospital in the country to apply radiation treatment for cancer. The landscaping was tended by Charles Sprague Sargent, director of the Arboretum for 54 years. Like Olmsted, Sargent lived near Pill Hill at his estate "Holm Lee". [43] Hawthorn (originally Hill St.) and Glen roads, perpendicular to Cumberland Avenue, were laid out by the Brookline Land Company in the early 1870s. Compare their grid pattern to the picturesque, winding quality of Upland or Edgehill roads. Numbers 17 and 21 Hawthorn Road are a pair of Federal Revival style clapboard buildings designed by Peabody and Stearns in 1893. Note the quoins, the dentilled cornices on windows and roof, the extremely shallow roof and the small third floor windows above the projecting horizontal course. [44] 14 Hawthorn Road was designed by Ball & Dabney and constructed, in 1896, by the builders Whidden and Company. Its owner was Thomas Aspinwall who built the house, at a reduced scale, as a near copy of his great grandfather's 1803 Federal style house on Aspinwall Hill. The house is Georgian Revival with its Palladian and lunette window decoration, Doric columns and balustraded entrance. [45] Next door at number 4 is an unusual two-color, brick, Georgian Revival, that was built for Mrs. Charles Appleton, in 1894, based on the designs of Henry F. Bigelow and William Rutan. Later, it was owned by Charles S. Sergeant, an executive of the Boston Elevated Railway Company. His daughter Katharine was a long-time editor of the New Yorker, mother of writer Roger Angell, and wife of E.B
100002.txt	41	Mrs. Charles Appleton, in 1894, based on the designs of Henry F. Bigelow and William Rutan. Later, it was owned by Charles S. Sergeant, an executive of the Boston Elevated Railway Company. His daughter Katharine was a long-time editor of the New Yorker, mother of writer Roger Angell, and wife of E.B. White. [46] Turning onto Allerton Street, originally a continuation of Irving Street, one views a variety of Queen Anne and Colonial Revival style homes from the 1880s and 1890s. 58 Allerton Street was designed in 1899 by Joseph E. Chandler, the restorationist of the Paul Revere House. Thus, it is no accident that this box-like, hipped-roof building was constructed in the Georgian Revival style. Roland Hayes, the world-renowned opera singer and pioneering African-American artist, lived at 58 Allerton for fifty years until just before his death in 1977. He was the son of former slaves from Georgia and was the first to conquer many barriers to African-Americans in the world of classical music. He eventually became the highest-paid tenor in the world.4 52 Allerton Street courtesy Google Maps courtesy Google Maps [46B] Charles Knowles Bolton and Ethel (Stanwood) Bolton married in 1897, lived on nearby Upland Rd. and, in 1906, moved to the "cottage" type house at 48 Allerton (1893, designed by William F. Goodwin). Ethel (1873 - 1954), who grew up at 76 High St., was the compiler of the two photo albums from which most of the images of Pill Hill children in this tour are drawn. She graduated from Wellesley College in 1894 and married Charles Knowles Bolton in 1897. She was a Registrar for the Massachusetts Society of the Colonial Dames, authored books and articles about local history, and was an amateur artist. Her husband, the author of Brookline, The History of a Favored Town and other books and a founder of the Brookline Historical Society was Librarian of the Brookline Public Library from 1893-1898, and spent the remainder of his career as Librarian of the Boston Athenaeum. Other references: [46C] 41 Allerton was built in 1896 by the firm of Chapman & Fraser and was the longtime home of the Dana
100002.txt	42	other books and a founder of the Brookline Historical Society was Librarian of the Brookline Public Library from 1893-1898, and spent the remainder of his career as Librarian of the Boston Athenaeum. Other references: [46C] 41 Allerton was built in 1896 by the firm of Chapman & Fraser and was the longtime home of the Dana family. Gorham Dana (born 1868) was a trustee of the Historical Society, active in the community, and authored publications on Brookline taverns and the dangers of wood triple-deckers. He was knowledgeable about fire prevention methods and fought the construction of triple-deckers. [46D] 35 Allerton (1892) was designed by the firm of Walker & Kimball. The Flint family, described at the top of the page, had been living in the Edward Philbrick property at 205 Walnut St. In 1892-93 they moved to 35 Allerton. This included: the widow of Edward Austin Flint, Lucy Whitwell Parker Flint; her widowed mother, Lucy C. Parker; son, John Flint, a student at Harvard; and daughter, Sarah G. Flint, age 16. [46E] Judith Eleanor Motley Low lived at 28 Allerton (1884), the house with the little pepper-pot turret. As a 60-year old widow she founded the Lowthorpe school of Landscape Architecture in Groton Mass. in 1901, the first such school intended to prepare women as professionals. In 1945 it merged into the Rhode Island School of Design and became the basis of RISDs Landscape Architecture Department. After Ms. Low, 28 Allerton was the home of Dr. John Rock. He developed the oral contraceptive Pill at the Free Hospital for Women thus, perhaps, singlehandedly justifying the name "Pill Hill." [47] On the corners of High and Allerton are two houses which exemplify the eclectic Victorian and the Classical Revival traditions of Pill Hill's development. 68 High Street is a stone and shingle mansard built in 1871 by the fashionable Boston firm of Snell & Gregerson for Henry Sayles, one of the first directors of the Brookline Land Company. The complexity of the roof and the mixture of materials display Queen Anne elements, while the stick decoration in the pointed windows reflect earlier stylistic influences. [48] Across the street at number 60 is an accurate eighteenth century reproduction designed in
100002.txt	43	by the fashionable Boston firm of Snell & Gregerson for Henry Sayles, one of the first directors of the Brookline Land Company. The complexity of the roof and the mixture of materials display Queen Anne elements, while the stick decoration in the pointed windows reflect earlier stylistic influences. [48] Across the street at number 60 is an accurate eighteenth century reproduction designed in 1928 by the firm of Howe, Manny and Almy. Lois Lilley Howe and Eleanor Manning OConnor were among the first women graduates of the M.I.T. School of Architecture. Their firm was the first all-woman architecture practice in Boston and the second in the U.S. They built over thirty houses in Cambridge and public housing in Boston. Howe was the first woman elected a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects. The house was built for William C. Codman. The classical architectural details of the quoining, window framing and entrance pilasters have been carefully retained in the application of aluminum siding. [49] In contrast to the complex massing and textural combination of the mansard structure at 68 High Street, observe the solid vertical quality of the earlier Second Empire style building at 52 High Street. It was built in 1864 and soon occupied by Michael Quinlan, whose carriage works was down in the village (where the Dunkin Donuts is now). [50] Around the corner is 103 Walnut Street, the oldest house on Pill Hill and one of the oldest surviving houses in Brookline. Built in 1798, it is a typical vernacular Federal style house with its simple ridge roof, two low chimneys, symmetrical fenestration, cornerboards on a clapboard structure, and a simple dentil course. The entrance porch is a later addition with its fluted pilasters and sidelights. In 1816, Elyphalet Spurr, the builder and original owner, established the first line of coaches to run between the Punch Bowl Tavern in Brookline Village and Boston. It lasted only a few years, in part because the fares were considered too high. In 1817, Thomas and Eliza Aspinwall, the son and daughter of Colonel Thomas Aspinwall, purchased it. Thomas was deaf mute but was active in the town, making himself understood by signs. He and his sister died within a year of each other in the early 1840s. From 1868 to 1877, the house was the Massachusetts Infant Asylum, a
100002.txt	44	and Eliza Aspinwall, the son and daughter of Colonel Thomas Aspinwall, purchased it. Thomas was deaf mute but was active in the town, making himself understood by signs. He and his sister died within a year of each other in the early 1840s. From 1868 to 1877, the house was the Massachusetts Infant Asylum, a private institution that provided care and placement for deserted infants. It has sometimes been described as the first foundling hospital in the United States. The institution moved to West Roxbury and 1877 and later merged with the Boston Children's Aid Society. [Editor's Note This house is profiled in Nina Fletcher Little's book, Some Old Brookline Houses.] In 1816, Elyphalet Spurr, the builder and original owner, established the first line of coaches to run between the Punch Bowl Tavern in Brookline Village and Boston. It lasted only a few years, in part because the fares were considered too high. In 1817, Thomas and Eliza Aspinwall, the son and daughter of Colonel Thomas Aspinwall, purchased it. Thomas was deaf mute but was active in the town, making himself understood by signs. He and his sister died within a year of each other in the early 1840s. From 1868 to 1877, the house was the Massachusetts Infant Asylum, a private institution that provided care and placement for deserted infants. It has sometimes been described as the first foundling hospital in the United States. The institution moved to West Roxbury and 1877 and later merged with the Boston Children's Aid Society. [Editor's Note This house is profiled in Nina Fletcher Little's book, Some Old Brookline Houses.] [51] Descending to the commercial center of Brookline Village one is struck by the contrast between the several buildings representing different periods of growth for the Town. On the left is the brick and sandstone "Hotel" Adelaide from the 1870s whereas on the right are the urban renewal efforts of the sixties. In light of the development pressures in this area, it is indeed fortunate that so much of Pill Hill's Victorian architecture remains intact. [1] The Pill Hill Local Historic District: The Story of a Neighborhood Brookline Preservation Commission, Dennis De Witt, Roger Reed, & Greer Hardwick, 2009 [2] The Second Empire style and its origins are discussed at the beginning of the Aspinwall tour Aspinwall tour [3]
100002.txt	45	much of Pill Hill's Victorian architecture remains intact. [1] The Pill Hill Local Historic District: The Story of a Neighborhood Brookline Preservation Commission, Dennis De Witt, Roger Reed, & Greer Hardwick, 2009 [2] The Second Empire style and its origins are discussed at the beginning of the Aspinwall tour Aspinwall tour [3] Vincent J. Scully, The Shingle Style and the Stick Style (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1974), p. xlvi. Other references: - National Register Of Historic Places Inventory -- Nomination Form Aspinwall tour © 1977 Brookline Historical Commission © 2009 Brookline Preservation Commission. All rights reserved. © 2015 Brookline Historical Society © 2009 Brookline Preservation Commission. All rights reserved. © 2015 Brookline Historical Society
100003.txt	0	--- title: National Monuments date: 2023-01-12 --- Summary One of the tools that the White House and Congress use to conserve our country's rich history, cultural, and natural resources is the designation of national monuments, as sanctioned by the 1906 Antiquities Act. The Antiquities Act was originally intended to give the President and Congress the tools to quickly and effectively protect our country's natural heritage for generations to come. However, this laudable goal can only be achieved if national monuments are created using science-based decision-making that takes into account the crucial role that hunting, angling, recreational shooting, and trapping play in conservation through the American System of Conservation Funding. Introduction One of the tools that the White House and Congress use to conserve our country's rich history, as well as our cultural and natural resources, is the designation of national monuments as sanctioned by the 1906 Antiquities Act. Conceived by one of America's most famous sportsmen-conservationists, President Theodore Roosevelt, the Antiquities Act gives both the President and Congress broad discretion to designate any piece of federal land as a monument, provided the monument is "confined to the smallest area compatible with proper care and management of the objects to be protected". According to the Antiquities Act, monuments can be established on land owned or controlled by the federal government, thus most (but not all) are managed by the National Park Service, the U.S. Forest Service, and the Bureau of Land Management. There are currently 131 National Monuments in the United States, with 84 managed by the National Park Service alone and 2 jointly managed by NPS and another agency. 22 are managed by the Bureau of Land Management, and 9 by the U.S. Forest Service with 6 jointly managed between the two. 8 are managed by various other agencies, including the U.S. military. Monument designation can provide increased conservation of high-quality fish and wildlife habitat and secure existing hunting, fishing, trapping, and recreational target shooting opportunities where these activities have been traditional uses of the designated lands. This is not always the case, as monuments can be designated for many reasons, including to protect landmarks, structures, and objects of historic or scientific interest, and thus are not mandated to adhere to science-based wildlife management practices. This can present serious challenges to the ability of state and federal agencies to effectively manage fish and wildlife. Additionally, designations can pose significant challenges to continued and reasonable access for sportsmen
100003.txt	1	case, as monuments can be designated for many reasons, including to protect landmarks, structures, and objects of historic or scientific interest, and thus are not mandated to adhere to science-based wildlife management practices. This can present serious challenges to the ability of state and federal agencies to effectively manage fish and wildlife. Additionally, designations can pose significant challenges to continued and reasonable access for sportsmen and women. Without clear direction in the designating proclamation or legislation, historical access by sportsmen and women can be unnecessarily restricted. Consequently, protecting historical uses of land and water, including for hunting, fishing, recreational shooting, and trapping, is dependent upon the development of science-based resource management plans that account for the many benefits of recreational and subsistence use by sportsmen and women. The Antiquities Act was originally intended to give the President and Congress the tools to protect our country's natural heritage quickly and effectively for generations to come. However, this laudable goal can only be achieved if national monuments are created using a science-based decision-making process that takes into considerable account the crucial role that hunting, angling, recreational shooting, and trapping play in conservation through the American System of Conservation Funding. Points of Interest - - Monument designations should be developed through a public process that generates support from local sportsmen and women and appropriate state and local governments. - Reasonable public access should be retained to enable continued hunting, fishing, trapping, and recreational target shooting opportunities. - Monument proclamations should clearly stipulate that existing management authority over fish and wildlife populations will be retained by state fish and wildlife agencies with the flexibility necessary to fulfill their public trust responsibilities to conserve fish and wildlife, achieve wildlife management objectives, establish seasons and bag limits, and regulate method-of-take. - Legislation or proclamations establishing national monuments should explicitly state that active habitat management practices are authorized within monument boundaries to ensure that wildlife management objectives can be met. - Existing sporting opportunities should be upheld, and the historical and cultural significance of hunting and fishing explicitly acknowledged in monument proclamations. - In most instances, where it is a historic and existing use, recreational shooting can be managed to be compatible with the stated purpose of a national monument, and therefore should be recognized as a compatible activity in the respective monument proclamation or legislation. - In 2007, the Arizona Senate passed Senate Memorial 1006, opposing restrictions to recreational shooting on the Ironwood Forest National Monument. In 2016, the Senate again passed a similar memorial opposing recreational shooting restrictions placed on the Sonoran
100003.txt	2	with the stated purpose of a national monument, and therefore should be recognized as a compatible activity in the respective monument proclamation or legislation. - In 2007, the Arizona Senate passed Senate Memorial 1006, opposing restrictions to recreational shooting on the Ironwood Forest National Monument. In 2016, the Senate again passed a similar memorial opposing recreational shooting restrictions placed on the Sonoran Desert National Monument. - In 2015, state sportsmen's caucus leaders from across the Northeast sent a letter urging the Obama Administration not to arbitrarily deny access to recreational fishing by establishing a national marine monument. - In early 2017, the Trump Administration reviewed several national monuments in hopes of opening them to certain forms of development. Upon its early announcement, sportsmen and women were concerned that this move would lead to the decrease of hunting access on these lands. However, in some cases it opened up previously unavailable land to hunting and fishing. Some monuments were divided into several pieces, exposing areas with natural resources. This land, no longer a part of these monuments, remained federal land. The main obstacle to hunting and fishing with the new management plan was the private development in the realm of mining and other resource extraction which has taken place. - Recently in 2024, President Biden signed orders to expand the boundaries of the San Gabriel Mountains National Monument and the Berryessa Snow Mountain National Monument, both in California. The expansion comes from the administration's efforts to protect 30% of U.S. lands and coastal waters by 2030. While these expansions are meant to protect more lands, there are national monuments that are already mismanaged. Moving Forward Whether through the Antiquities Act or legislative designation, legislators at the state and federal level are encouraged to advocate for national monument designations that address the priorities and values of sportsmen and women and include a planning process that is transparent, locally driven, and guided by science-based conservation principles that elevate consideration of wildlife habitat and existing hunting, fishing, trapping, and recreational target shooting uses.
100004.txt	0	--- title: The Book of Last Letters author: Author this is a placeholder date: 2022-01-01 --- What do you think? Rate this book Inspired by an incredible true story, a young nurse captures the final letters of injured soldiers – and must make a heart-breaking choice… London, 1940 When nurse Elsie offers to send a reassuring letter to the family of a patient, she has an idea. She begins a book of last letters: messages to be sent on to wounded soldiers' loved ones should the very worst come to pass, so that no one is left without a final goodbye. But one message will change Elsie's life forever. When a patient makes a devastating request, can Elsie find the strength to do the unthinkable? London, present day Stephanie has a lot of people she'd like to speak to: her estranged brother, to whom her last words were in anger; her nan, whose dementia means she is only occasionally lucid enough to talk. When she discovers a book of wartime letters, Stephanie realises the importance of our final words – and uncovers the story of a secret love, a desperate choice, and the unimaginable courage of the woman behind it all… A moving and compelling historical novel from the author of The Girl in the Picture, perfect for fans of The Nightingale and The Keeper of Happy Endings. London, 1940 When nurse Elsie offers to send a reassuring letter to the family of a patient, she has an idea. She begins a book of last letters: messages to be sent on to wounded soldiers' loved ones should the very worst come to pass, so that no one is left without a final goodbye. But one message will change Elsie's life forever. When a patient makes a devastating request, can Elsie find the strength to do the unthinkable? London, present day Stephanie has a lot of people she'd like to speak to: her estranged brother, to whom her last words were in anger; her nan, whose dementia means she is only occasionally lucid enough to talk. When she discovers a book of wartime letters, Stephanie realises the importance of our final words – and uncovers the story of a secret love, a desperate choice, and the unimaginable courage of the woman behind it all… A moving and compelling historical novel from the author of The Girl in the Picture, perfect for fans of The Nightingale and The Keeper of Happy Endings. 400 pages
100004.txt	1	a book of wartime letters, Stephanie realises the importance of our final words – and uncovers the story of a secret love, a desperate choice, and the unimaginable courage of the woman behind it all… A moving and compelling historical novel from the author of The Girl in the Picture, perfect for fans of The Nightingale and The Keeper of Happy Endings. 400 pages, Kindle Edition First published January 1, 2022 Create a free account to discover what your friends think of this book! Displaying 1 - 30 of 250 reviews Read January 10, 2024🔸My first DNF of the new year 🔸Started off decent then quickly turned slow and uninteresting. 🔸Shout out to Krysta for the quick "dnf" pep talk. I feel free 😚 🔸I have such a hard time dnfin' books. Last year I only did it once🥴2024 the year I'll DNF books I'm not vibing with 💪 I love a war story with letters. 💌 Let's hope this book leaves me heartbroken ❤️🩹 🔸Started off decent then quickly turned slow and uninteresting. 🔸Shout out to Krysta for the quick "dnf" pep talk. I feel free 😚 🔸I have such a hard time dnfin' books. Last year I only did it once🥴2024 the year I'll DNF books I'm not vibing with 💪 January 17, 2023 Book of Last Letters by Kerry Barrett is based on a true story of a nurse who writes letters to families for injured soldiers. She decides to make a book of letters for soldiers to write who might not make if home Dual timeline. Stephanie and Finn find this book. Stephanie researches the history behind the book and a secret that could possibly split a family up Nice twist on WW2. A book pulling in the war but keeping it in the background. Both timelines have a bit of romance and maybe more… Dual timeline. Stephanie and Finn find this book. Stephanie researches the history behind the book and a secret that could possibly split a family up Nice twist on WW2. A book pulling in the war but keeping it in the background. Both timelines have a bit of romance and maybe more… March 31, 2022 Using a true story as her inspiration,
100004.txt	2	… Dual timeline. Stephanie and Finn find this book. Stephanie researches the history behind the book and a secret that could possibly split a family up Nice twist on WW2. A book pulling in the war but keeping it in the background. Both timelines have a bit of romance and maybe more… March 31, 2022 Using a true story as her inspiration, this is a beautifully written dual timeline book, set in London during 1940's and in present time. Elsie Watson is a nurse at the South London District Hospital, she and her friend Nelly Malone have just finished their training when it's turned into a causality clearing station during the Blitz. Elsie feels sorry for her patients, many ask her to write letters to their family to let them know what's happened to them and this gives her an idea. She starts a scrapbook of memories, patients can write or draw a message to their loved ones, it gives them a way to express their feelings and some can say a final goodbye. A wounded pilot called Harry Yates makes Elsie feel rather flustered, she's never had a boyfriend and isn't sure if he feels the same way? The war causes people to do things they wouldn't normally consider right, Elsie has to make a difficult decision and she's not sure if she has the strength follow through with it. Stephanie Barlow wanted to help people using art therapy, until her twin brother Max committed a crime and she lost her ability to draw and paint. She works as a carer at an aged care facility called Tall Trees and where her beloved Nan is a patient in the dementia ward. Stevie is kind, all the residents like her and she goes out of her way to make sure they feel special and valued. Finn Russell is a historian, he's very interested in World War Two and he's working in a small office space at the home. An old scrapbook is found by contractors in the damaged basement of Tall Trees, where the operating theatre used to be during the war and it belongs to a nurse called Elsie Watson. Finn and Stevie try to find out what happened to Elsie, they know she left the hospital in 1941 and that's it! Stevie's given the opportunity to use her artistic talents to pay tribute to the patients and staff of the causality clearing station. Stevie has to overcome her debilitating anxiety, insecurities, and she's supported by her friends Finn, Tara and Micha. She wants to continue the
100004.txt	3	to Elsie, they know she left the hospital in 1941 and that's it! Stevie's given the opportunity to use her artistic talents to pay tribute to the patients and staff of the causality clearing station. Stevie has to overcome her debilitating anxiety, insecurities, and she's supported by her friends Finn, Tara and Micha. She wants to continue the tradition, she starts a scrapbook for the residents at Tall Trees, however someone is sabotaging her project and surely they wouldn't have links to Elsie? I received a copy of The Book of Last Letters from NetGalley and HQ Digital in exchange for an honest review, Kerry Barrett has done it again and with a compelling narrative about war, loss, heartbreak, love, friendship, loyalty, sacrifice and secrets. I highly recommend this book if you like poignant and emotional dual timeline historical fiction and have a box of tissues handy and five stars from me. Elsie Watson is a nurse at the South London District Hospital, she and her friend Nelly Malone have just finished their training when it's turned into a causality clearing station during the Blitz. Elsie feels sorry for her patients, many ask her to write letters to their family to let them know what's happened to them and this gives her an idea. She starts a scrapbook of memories, patients can write or draw a message to their loved ones, it gives them a way to express their feelings and some can say a final goodbye. A wounded pilot called Harry Yates makes Elsie feel rather flustered, she's never had a boyfriend and isn't sure if he feels the same way? The war causes people to do things they wouldn't normally consider right, Elsie has to make a difficult decision and she's not sure if she has the strength follow through with it. Stephanie Barlow wanted to help people using art therapy, until her twin brother Max committed a crime and she lost her ability to draw and paint. She works as a carer at an aged care facility called Tall Trees and where her beloved Nan is a patient in the dementia ward. Stevie is kind, all the residents like her and she goes out of her way to make sure they feel special and valued. Finn Russell is a historian, he's very interested in World War Two and he's working in a small office space at the home. An old scrapbook is found by contractors in the damaged basement of Tall Trees, where the operating theatre used to be during the war and it belongs to a nurse
100004.txt	4	and she goes out of her way to make sure they feel special and valued. Finn Russell is a historian, he's very interested in World War Two and he's working in a small office space at the home. An old scrapbook is found by contractors in the damaged basement of Tall Trees, where the operating theatre used to be during the war and it belongs to a nurse called Elsie Watson. Finn and Stevie try to find out what happened to Elsie, they know she left the hospital in 1941 and that's it! Stevie's given the opportunity to use her artistic talents to pay tribute to the patients and staff of the causality clearing station. Stevie has to overcome her debilitating anxiety, insecurities, and she's supported by her friends Finn, Tara and Micha. She wants to continue the tradition, she starts a scrapbook for the residents at Tall Trees, however someone is sabotaging her project and surely they wouldn't have links to Elsie? I received a copy of The Book of Last Letters from NetGalley and HQ Digital in exchange for an honest review, Kerry Barrett has done it again and with a compelling narrative about war, loss, heartbreak, love, friendship, loyalty, sacrifice and secrets. I highly recommend this book if you like poignant and emotional dual timeline historical fiction and have a box of tissues handy and five stars from me. April 1, 2022 Another highly enjoyable read from Kerry Barrett as the writer presents a dual timeline set in the Second World War and present day. I must say that I cannot read too many books about the Second World War because I find they start to read quite similarly. Therefore, I did approach Barrett's novel with a degree of trepidation, despite really enjoying another book by this author twelve months ago. However, my concerns were immediately dispelled as I was quickly pulled into a narrative that was heart-warming, saddening, emotional and very enjoyable. The two females in this story are very similar, fighting their own battles and trying to make a difference. In 1940, Elsie is realising she didn't actually know what a busy nursing shift was until she experienced nursing in the Blitz. With daily swarms of patients, Elsie is surrounded by different degrees of injuries. Seeing some airmen not recover prompts Elsie's idea of a book of final letters, notes, drawings etc, that could then be passed on to loved ones, should the worst happen. I loved the idea of this book of remembrance,
100004.txt	5	was until she experienced nursing in the Blitz. With daily swarms of patients, Elsie is surrounded by different degrees of injuries. Seeing some airmen not recover prompts Elsie's idea of a book of final letters, notes, drawings etc, that could then be passed on to loved ones, should the worst happen. I loved the idea of this book of remembrance, and, as the characters said, it was a fantastic way of recording history as the war was unfolding. The book of letters proves very popular and heads all around the hospital. Yet, this is not a symbol of morbidity, but of hope and remembrance. It seems to be cathartic for patients to write final messages, providing a sense of peace should they not leave hospital alive. At the same time, it also becomes a tool for Elsie to discover that one of her patient's has feelings for her. Stephanie works at Tall Trees, the hospital that once was. The discovery of this lost book prompts Stephanie to become involved in a mural project. Working alongside historian Finn, Stephanie feels inspired to paint once again and find more about Elsie's experience of the Second World War. Therefore, whilst the present day narrative is about Stephanie overcoming personal demons, it is also furthering readers understanding about Elsie, therefore merging the two timelines together. This was a really poignant story, particularly regarding Nelly and Stephanie's grandmother. It is a reminder that life can be taken away unexpectedly and to make the most of the opportunities you are given. I think this is why the book of letters became so popular for Elsie, as patients realised that life during the war was so unpredictable. It's a charming yet old-fashioned way of communicating and I think this is one of the reason why Stephanie's patients are more reluctant to write their own messages. I enjoy Barrett's writing because not only is it historical and interesting, but the characters and plot are as well. I felt equally invested in both time periods and don't think Barrett used the medical or war themes too heavily. There was a decent balance and this made the story far more immersive to read. Furthermore, Mr and Mrs Gold are an enigma in the book and, whilst I suspected the true nature of their characters, loved the mystery surrounding them, especially how they help Elsie towards the end of the story. Although there are some sad scenes in this novel, I really enjoyed the plot and happy ending. I love the fact that this is inspired by a true story and the concept of lost letters really brought the
100004.txt	6	enigma in the book and, whilst I suspected the true nature of their characters, loved the mystery surrounding them, especially how they help Elsie towards the end of the story. Although there are some sad scenes in this novel, I really enjoyed the plot and happy ending. I love the fact that this is inspired by a true story and the concept of lost letters really brought the historical element alive. I can't wait to read more by this author in the future. With thanks to HQ Digital and NetGalley for providing me with a copy of this book in exchange for an honest review. I must say that I cannot read too many books about the Second World War because I find they start to read quite similarly. Therefore, I did approach Barrett's novel with a degree of trepidation, despite really enjoying another book by this author twelve months ago. However, my concerns were immediately dispelled as I was quickly pulled into a narrative that was heart-warming, saddening, emotional and very enjoyable. The two females in this story are very similar, fighting their own battles and trying to make a difference. In 1940, Elsie is realising she didn't actually know what a busy nursing shift was until she experienced nursing in the Blitz. With daily swarms of patients, Elsie is surrounded by different degrees of injuries. Seeing some airmen not recover prompts Elsie's idea of a book of final letters, notes, drawings etc, that could then be passed on to loved ones, should the worst happen. I loved the idea of this book of remembrance, and, as the characters said, it was a fantastic way of recording history as the war was unfolding. The book of letters proves very popular and heads all around the hospital. Yet, this is not a symbol of morbidity, but of hope and remembrance. It seems to be cathartic for patients to write final messages, providing a sense of peace should they not leave hospital alive. At the same time, it also becomes a tool for Elsie to discover that one of her patient's has feelings for her. Stephanie works at Tall Trees, the hospital that once was. The discovery of this lost book prompts Stephanie to become involved in a mural project. Working alongside historian Finn, Stephanie feels inspired to paint once again and find more about Elsie's experience of the Second World War. Therefore, whilst the present day narrative is about Stephanie overcoming personal demons, it is also furthering readers understanding about Elsie, therefore merging the two timelines together. This
100004.txt	7	. The discovery of this lost book prompts Stephanie to become involved in a mural project. Working alongside historian Finn, Stephanie feels inspired to paint once again and find more about Elsie's experience of the Second World War. Therefore, whilst the present day narrative is about Stephanie overcoming personal demons, it is also furthering readers understanding about Elsie, therefore merging the two timelines together. This was a really poignant story, particularly regarding Nelly and Stephanie's grandmother. It is a reminder that life can be taken away unexpectedly and to make the most of the opportunities you are given. I think this is why the book of letters became so popular for Elsie, as patients realised that life during the war was so unpredictable. It's a charming yet old-fashioned way of communicating and I think this is one of the reason why Stephanie's patients are more reluctant to write their own messages. I enjoy Barrett's writing because not only is it historical and interesting, but the characters and plot are as well. I felt equally invested in both time periods and don't think Barrett used the medical or war themes too heavily. There was a decent balance and this made the story far more immersive to read. Furthermore, Mr and Mrs Gold are an enigma in the book and, whilst I suspected the true nature of their characters, loved the mystery surrounding them, especially how they help Elsie towards the end of the story. Although there are some sad scenes in this novel, I really enjoyed the plot and happy ending. I love the fact that this is inspired by a true story and the concept of lost letters really brought the historical element alive. I can't wait to read more by this author in the future. With thanks to HQ Digital and NetGalley for providing me with a copy of this book in exchange for an honest review. March 11, 2022 I loved this wonderful book. It was so interesting but, at the same time it really tugged at my heart strings. A dual time-line which is one of my favourites it is set in present day and during 1941. The story is set in a care home which was a hospital during the war. This book had everything I love and although I wanted to find out what happens in the end I was sad to finish it. My thanks to Netgalley and the publishers for giving me the opportunity to read this book in return for an honest review. January 29, 2022 This was such a beautiful story, two point of views during two separate times. Elsie is a
100004.txt	8	everything I love and although I wanted to find out what happens in the end I was sad to finish it. My thanks to Netgalley and the publishers for giving me the opportunity to read this book in return for an honest review. January 29, 2022 This was such a beautiful story, two point of views during two separate times. Elsie is a nurse at a hospital in London at the beginning of WWII, during the Blitz. She works there, together with her best friend Nelly. After the bombing of a nearby airfield, several airmen get shipped there for care. And Elsie gets this amazing idea to let all the patients write stories, letters or memories in a book; a diary of sorts or book of last letters. Some patients even write "goodbye" messages to their loved ones, that Elsie will pass on for them if they perish during the war. Stephanie works at a house for the elderly, present day. The place she works, used to be the hospital Elsie worked at and she ends up with the book of last letters. The book that Elsie kept for the patients. She starts digging into the past, together with a historian (Finn) to find out more about Elsie and the patients that wrote in the book, especially a certain airman (Harry). But in doing so, she starts to uncover a dark secret… Truly a lovely story with some mystery, lovable characters (also a very unlikeable one!) and some romance. Highly recommend! I do suggest you might check for TW before reading this book. Elsie is a nurse at a hospital in London at the beginning of WWII, during the Blitz. She works there, together with her best friend Nelly. After the bombing of a nearby airfield, several airmen get shipped there for care. And Elsie gets this amazing idea to let all the patients write stories, letters or memories in a book; a diary of sorts or book of last letters. Some patients even write "goodbye" messages to their loved ones, that Elsie will pass on for them if they perish during the war. Stephanie works at a house for the elderly, present day. The place she works, used to be the hospital Elsie worked at and she ends up with the book of last letters. The book that Elsie kept for the patients. She starts digging into the past, together with a historian (Finn) to find out more about Elsie and the patients
100004.txt	9	war. Stephanie works at a house for the elderly, present day. The place she works, used to be the hospital Elsie worked at and she ends up with the book of last letters. The book that Elsie kept for the patients. She starts digging into the past, together with a historian (Finn) to find out more about Elsie and the patients that wrote in the book, especially a certain airman (Harry). But in doing so, she starts to uncover a dark secret… Truly a lovely story with some mystery, lovable characters (also a very unlikeable one!) and some romance. Highly recommend! I do suggest you might check for TW before reading this book. April 20, 2022 Yes, I am a sucker for a good WWII historical fiction dual time novel. A nurse working in London during the Blitz helps soldiers write a "last letter" in a book. In current time, this book is found and becomes the inspiration for an art project. I thought the characters in the historical portion were a bit too stereotypical and lacked true character development. May 22, 2022 Omg finally a historical fiction book with alternating timelines, where both stories are excellent. Chefs kiss. We follow elsie in the Early 1940s during the height of the blitz. And in present day we follow Stevie. I love this book, it was both heartwrenching but at the same time uplifting. You Will fall in love with the characters. You Will laugh with them, you Will cry with them... i highly recommend this book. Thank you to netgalley for letting me read this e arc in exchange for an honest opinion I love this book, it was both heartwrenching but at the same time uplifting. You Will fall in love with the characters. You Will laugh with them, you Will cry with them... i highly recommend this book. Thank you to netgalley for letting me read this e arc in exchange for an honest opinion March 27, 2022 The Book of Last Letters by Kerry Barrett is a heartwarming, heartwrenching, dual timeline story, Beautifully written, this story will have you mesmerized in it's simplicity. What would you write if you had a book that you could pour your thoughts out and either say the things you wish you'd said or to say goodbye to someone you love? This story takes place during WWII and the present day. You will be swept away by El
100004.txt	10	renching, dual timeline story, Beautifully written, this story will have you mesmerized in it's simplicity. What would you write if you had a book that you could pour your thoughts out and either say the things you wish you'd said or to say goodbye to someone you love? This story takes place during WWII and the present day. You will be swept away by Elise's story and Stephanie's story as they are intertwined in this book. Thank you to #netgalley and #HQ/HQDigital for the opportunity to read the eARC of this book. All opinions expressed above are my own. What would you write if you had a book that you could pour your thoughts out and either say the things you wish you'd said or to say goodbye to someone you love? This story takes place during WWII and the present day. You will be swept away by Elise's story and Stephanie's story as they are intertwined in this book. Thank you to #netgalley and #HQ/HQDigital for the opportunity to read the eARC of this book. All opinions expressed above are my own. April 19, 2022 This was just amazing, beautiful and mindblowing!!! And the way the two different POVs are there is pretty in depth and makes the book better and the end is just heartwarming. Makes me wonder how great the letter book would be in these days especially with the war. And the beautiful writing style plus the romance, definitely a 5 star no doubt, absolute fav. And the way the two different POVs are there is pretty in depth and makes the book better and the end is just heartwarming. Makes me wonder how great the letter book would be in these days especially with the war. And the beautiful writing style plus the romance, definitely a 5 star no doubt, absolute fav. July 12, 2022 Thanks to Netgalley for a copy of this book for an honest review. Loved it!! Dual timeline between 1941 and present day with WW2 nurse Elsie and aged care worker Stevie. The idea of the book was brilliant and love the idea of Stevie's to include it in her project. Highly recommend! Loved it!! Dual timeline between 1941 and present day with WW2 nurse Elsie and aged care worker Stevie. The idea of the book was brilliant and love the idea of Stevie's to include it in her project. Highly recommend! February 19, 2022 "The Book
100004.txt	11	idea of Stevie's to include it in her project. Highly recommend! Loved it!! Dual timeline between 1941 and present day with WW2 nurse Elsie and aged care worker Stevie. The idea of the book was brilliant and love the idea of Stevie's to include it in her project. Highly recommend! February 19, 2022 "The Book of Last Letters" by Kerry Barrett, is a absolutely stunning novel. It is historical fiction based on a true story about a WW2 nurse that recorded the last letters of gravely injured military personnel for their families. This book will absolutely bring you to tears. It's emotional and heartfelt. Synopsis 1940- Elsie age-21, is a nurse at "South London District Hospital". She begins sending upbeat letters to the injured victim's families to reassure them their loved one is accounted for and safe. What began as an occasional letter turns into a "last book of letters" as a loving way for the terminal patient's to say goodbye to loved ones. However, one person's dying request could turn into a fight-for-life situation for Elsie. Will Elsie honor the wish? Present day: Stephanie (Stevie) and her twin brother Max were raised by their Nan for much of their childhood. Max is now serving time in prison. The twins parted on bad terms. Nan has dementia and lives in the "Tall Trees" residential home. She rarely recognizes Stevie anymore. When Stevie stumbles upon an antique scrap book, she learns to fully embrace the impact of last words and the tremendous courage demonstrated by those that bravely paved the way for us. "The Book of Last Letters" will be published March 30th. Standing ovation to Kerry Barrett for this outstanding 5 ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ novel! Thank you NetGalley and H.Q. Digital, for the honor of reviewing this e-book. I loved every page of it! Synopsis 1940- Elsie age-21, is a nurse at "South London District Hospital". She begins sending upbeat letters to the injured victim's families to reassure them their loved one is accounted for and safe. What began as an occasional letter turns into a "last book of letters" as a loving way for the terminal patient's to say goodbye to loved ones. However, one person's dying request could turn into a fight-for-life situation for Elsie. Will Elsie honor the wish? Present day: Stephanie (Stevie)
100004.txt	12	loved one is accounted for and safe. What began as an occasional letter turns into a "last book of letters" as a loving way for the terminal patient's to say goodbye to loved ones. However, one person's dying request could turn into a fight-for-life situation for Elsie. Will Elsie honor the wish? Present day: Stephanie (Stevie) and her twin brother Max were raised by their Nan for much of their childhood. Max is now serving time in prison. The twins parted on bad terms. Nan has dementia and lives in the "Tall Trees" residential home. She rarely recognizes Stevie anymore. When Stevie stumbles upon an antique scrap book, she learns to fully embrace the impact of last words and the tremendous courage demonstrated by those that bravely paved the way for us. "The Book of Last Letters" will be published March 30th. Standing ovation to Kerry Barrett for this outstanding 5 ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ novel! Thank you NetGalley and H.Q. Digital, for the honor of reviewing this e-book. I loved every page of it! August 19, 2022 If you're loved ones were suddenly wrenched away from you, would they know how you felt? How important they were to you? Would you have thoughts left unsaid? 'The Book of Last Letters' is a WWII, dual-time, romance that explores the importance of words; knowing they could be your final words. Elsie Watson is a nurse, working in London during the Blitz. As Elsie nurses injured airmen, she realises that war robs people of the chance to say a final goodbye. She begins a book of last letters to record patients' messages - should the worst happen. In the present time, Stephanie Barlow works as a caregiver, in a nursing home that used to house the hospital Elsie worked in. Stephanie comes across Elsie's book and, she too realises how much she has left unsaid. 'The Book of Last Letters' was inspired by true events. The dual-timeline demonstrates that, despite the passage of time, just how important it is to communicate our love for friends and family; to leave nothing hanging. Both Elsie and Stephanie, although strong when faced with challenges, were a bit naive and underdeveloped as characters. It was hard not to eye roll and feel any sympathy when some of their plights could have been so obviously avoided. Overall though, the book is worth reading
100004.txt	13	, just how important it is to communicate our love for friends and family; to leave nothing hanging. Both Elsie and Stephanie, although strong when faced with challenges, were a bit naive and underdeveloped as characters. It was hard not to eye roll and feel any sympathy when some of their plights could have been so obviously avoided. Overall though, the book is worth reading. Knowing it was based on true events, gives it real heart. Elsie Watson is a nurse, working in London during the Blitz. As Elsie nurses injured airmen, she realises that war robs people of the chance to say a final goodbye. She begins a book of last letters to record patients' messages - should the worst happen. In the present time, Stephanie Barlow works as a caregiver, in a nursing home that used to house the hospital Elsie worked in. Stephanie comes across Elsie's book and, she too realises how much she has left unsaid. 'The Book of Last Letters' was inspired by true events. The dual-timeline demonstrates that, despite the passage of time, just how important it is to communicate our love for friends and family; to leave nothing hanging. Both Elsie and Stephanie, although strong when faced with challenges, were a bit naive and underdeveloped as characters. It was hard not to eye roll and feel any sympathy when some of their plights could have been so obviously avoided. Overall though, the book is worth reading. Knowing it was based on true events, gives it real heart. August 6, 2022 Easily a five-star read! You know what I love more than a book that focuses on seniors? I love books about British seniors even more!! The characters in the present day story were wonderful and made me smile. I liked Stevie a lot with all her flaws and layers. I loved that she worked at a seniors care home and how involved the residents got in her project. In the story from the past, I really liked Elsie and enjoyed hearing about her experience as a London nurse during the war. As a healthcare worker, I could relate to some of the chaos that the hospital was going through and dodging that creepy guy at work that always seems to pop up! Nelly was such a firecracker! She would've been a great friend to have. And I was so curious about the Golds throughout the book. They could star in a sequel! Fantastic read, I highly recommend this! Thank you NetGalley and Harper
100004.txt	14	chaos that the hospital was going through and dodging that creepy guy at work that always seems to pop up! Nelly was such a firecracker! She would've been a great friend to have. And I was so curious about the Golds throughout the book. They could star in a sequel! Fantastic read, I highly recommend this! Thank you NetGalley and Harper Collins UK for this advanced copy. In the story from the past, I really liked Elsie and enjoyed hearing about her experience as a London nurse during the war. As a healthcare worker, I could relate to some of the chaos that the hospital was going through and dodging that creepy guy at work that always seems to pop up! Nelly was such a firecracker! She would've been a great friend to have. And I was so curious about the Golds throughout the book. They could star in a sequel! Fantastic read, I highly recommend this! Thank you NetGalley and Harper Collins UK for this advanced copy. May 21, 2022 The duel timeline in this story was well done, alternating between the WW2 story and the present time making both stories easy to follow. I enjoyed the idea of the "book of last letters" and how meaningful this was for the families and loved ones. It was a sweet story but for me I felt that the two romances over-shadowed the main story and the way all the loose ends came together at the end was lacking realism. Overall a pleasant read but not a memorable one. April 27, 2023 I simply just couldn't put down this glorious masterpiece! The Book of Last Letters is my first foray into Kerry Barrett's writing and I'm super impressed. I'll certainly be reading her back catalogue! Inspired by true events and locations, we meet two inspirational young women who, despite the generational gap are astonishingly alike in every sense. Elsie was a wartime nurse in 1940 and present day Stevie is an aged care assistant, working on the very same premises her counterpart did many years earlier. The most remarkable item bridges the two together: a scrapbook set up during Elsie in her time, recording hospital patients messages and musings as a way to lift their spirits and connect with loved ones. By the time Stevie comes across this historical treasure, she's in a bad place mentally and is in desperation for a project to focus on. As she immerses herself, Stevie finds a way to honour those before her and also settles
100004.txt	15	during Elsie in her time, recording hospital patients messages and musings as a way to lift their spirits and connect with loved ones. By the time Stevie comes across this historical treasure, she's in a bad place mentally and is in desperation for a project to focus on. As she immerses herself, Stevie finds a way to honour those before her and also settles on the idea to find out of what became of the nurse and the beau she fell in love with. Elsie's story is touching and will stay with me for a long while. In a time that the world was at a fearful standstill, Elsie's bravery, determination and strength is something to be admired. Like Stevie and historican Finn, I also found myself lost in the tale. The various side characters bring this to life. I immensely relished being in the company of many, with the exception of creepy Jackson who has some truly maddening ulterior motives for Elsie. When I get a chance, I'll be interested in checking out the sites mentioned in Kerry's author notes. The history surrounding the real life scrapbook in particular has me excited! One of my 2023 highlights! 🌟🌟🌟🌟🌟/5 Inspired by true events and locations, we meet two inspirational young women who, despite the generational gap are astonishingly alike in every sense. Elsie was a wartime nurse in 1940 and present day Stevie is an aged care assistant, working on the very same premises her counterpart did many years earlier. The most remarkable item bridges the two together: a scrapbook set up during Elsie in her time, recording hospital patients messages and musings as a way to lift their spirits and connect with loved ones. By the time Stevie comes across this historical treasure, she's in a bad place mentally and is in desperation for a project to focus on. As she immerses herself, Stevie finds a way to honour those before her and also settles on the idea to find out of what became of the nurse and the beau she fell in love with. Elsie's story is touching and will stay with me for a long while. In a time that the world was at a fearful standstill, Elsie's bravery, determination and strength is something to be admired. Like Stevie and historican Finn, I also found myself lost in the tale. The various side characters bring this to life. I immensely relished being in the company of many,
100004.txt	16	is touching and will stay with me for a long while. In a time that the world was at a fearful standstill, Elsie's bravery, determination and strength is something to be admired. Like Stevie and historican Finn, I also found myself lost in the tale. The various side characters bring this to life. I immensely relished being in the company of many, with the exception of creepy Jackson who has some truly maddening ulterior motives for Elsie. When I get a chance, I'll be interested in checking out the sites mentioned in Kerry's author notes. The history surrounding the real life scrapbook in particular has me excited! One of my 2023 highlights! 🌟🌟🌟🌟🌟/5 May 5, 2022 Um livro que me conquistou do início ao fim! Adorei! Uma leitura maravilhosa, recheada de emoções, uma mensagem poderosa sobre amor, relações, família e perdão. Neste livro acompanhamos Elsie durante os anos da II Guerra Mundial, que trabalha como enfermeira e como forma de superar uma perda, ajuda outros a transmitirem uma última mensagem, na época mais negra da Humanidade. Nos dias atuais, acompanhamos Stephanie, na descoberta por si e na compreensão das suas relações familiares. Uma leitura envolvente, cativante e muito comovente. Simplesmente maravilhoso! Recomendo muito. Fiquei fã da autora e quero ler mais livros dela! !! Foi-me cedida uma cópia avançada deste livro em troca de uma opinião honesta. Adorei! Uma leitura maravilhosa, recheada de emoções, uma mensagem poderosa sobre amor, relações, família e perdão. Neste livro acompanhamos Elsie durante os anos da II Guerra Mundial, que trabalha como enfermeira e como forma de superar uma perda, ajuda outros a transmitirem uma última mensagem, na época mais negra da Humanidade. Nos dias atuais, acompanhamos Stephanie, na descoberta por si e na compreensão das suas relações familiares. Uma leitura envolvente, cativante e muito comovent
100004.txt	17	e como forma de superar uma perda, ajuda outros a transmitirem uma última mensagem, na época mais negra da Humanidade. Nos dias atuais, acompanhamos Stephanie, na descoberta por si e na compreensão das suas relações familiares. Uma leitura envolvente, cativante e muito comovente. Simplesmente maravilhoso! Recomendo muito. Fiquei fã da autora e quero ler mais livros dela! !! Foi-me cedida uma cópia avançada deste livro em troca de uma opinião honesta. February 20, 2022 When I started this book, I thought it was quite a gentle read; enjoyable but not really a page turner. But that all changed about half way through and I raced through to the end, unsure how it was going to work out. I really enjoyed the relationship between Stevie and Micah; likewise the friendship between Elsie and Nelly and then Elsie's romance kept me turning the pages. The author didn't shy away from the tough topic of assisted dying which I appreciated, and the past and present storylines dovetailed nicely. Overall it was an engrossing read that kept me engaged right to the very end. The author didn't shy away from the tough topic of assisted dying which I appreciated, and the past and present storylines dovetailed nicely. Overall it was an engrossing read that kept me engaged right to the very end. June 16, 2024 It always makes me happy when I find a new author that I can follow. I thoroughly enjoyed this book because of the storyline that was based on true facts and it was beautifully written. Looking forward to reading more books by Kerry Barrett. February 25, 2022 A beautiful historical novel that puts a smile on your face as you see the true depths of human kindness. Through her characters the author showed how people banded together to write what may have been their last words to console their family members. Dual timelines were used and were beautifully intertwined. Of course there were two love stories for all romance readers to savor. #TheBookOfLastLetters #KerryBarrett #NetGalley Read March 27, 2022 Trigger & Content Warnings Rape mentioned Dementia World War Two (theme) Rape mentioned Dementia World War Two (theme) April
100004.txt	18	. Of course there were two love stories for all romance readers to savor. #TheBookOfLastLetters #KerryBarrett #NetGalley Read March 27, 2022 Trigger & Content Warnings Rape mentioned Dementia World War Two (theme) Rape mentioned Dementia World War Two (theme) April 29, 2022 This is another wonderful WWII story (if that is possible). This one is told in dual timelines; present day and 1940. The story is heartbreaking, heartwarming, sweet story with lots of horrors of war mixed in. I really had a hard time putting this book down! Many thanks to Netgalley and HQ Digital for this advanced readers copy. This book released March 30, 2022. Many thanks to Netgalley and HQ Digital for this advanced readers copy. This book released March 30, 2022. January 30, 2024 The Book of Last Letters, a riveting novel, by Kerry Barrett; seamlessly travel between London 1940, and London present day. In 1940, Elsie lives in constant fear of bombs crushing her home, while new patients land at her hospital by the busload. A conscientious and over-worked nurse extends just one letter of reassurance to one patient's family. A selfless idea begins to bloom. Elsie, bravely, starts a book of last letters; notes to be sent on to wounded soldier's loved-ones. Important words in case the worst happens. Yet, one message changes Elsie's life forever when a patient makes a life-altering request. Forward to present day London; Stephanie struggles with multiple jobs. She deeply wishes she'd said different words to her brother; regardless of how unfairly he's taken advantage of her. Stephanie, also, tries hard with her Nan, living in the care facility where Stephanie also works. Nan's dementia orchestrates their conversation. When Stephanie discovers a book of wartime letters everything changes. The world opens up for so very many. Connections are strangely intermixed and intertwined; all birthed from one honourable step. Please treat yourself to this amazing novel. Gwendolyn Broadmore, author, Life Came to a Standstill. September 16, 2024 This book was a disappointment. It was slow and not especially compelling, although the premise of the story held hope, so I kept going. It also helped that I listened to the audio book and the
100004.txt	19	honourable step. Please treat yourself to this amazing novel. Gwendolyn Broadmore, author, Life Came to a Standstill. September 16, 2024 This book was a disappointment. It was slow and not especially compelling, although the premise of the story held hope, so I kept going. It also helped that I listened to the audio book and the reader was excellent. The chapters switched between World War II years and present day. The main character of the World War II was depicted as a young woman of integrity and a loyal friend. She was working in a hospital in London where wounded airmen and other war casualties were taken. About 75% of the way through the book her good friend was severely burned by fire from a bomb explosion. After a few weeks in the hospital it was determined that her friend was dying and had only a few weeks left due to the extent of the burns. Her friend couldn't speak due to her injuries, so the two of them worked out a way to communicate. At one point, the friend asked her to kill her. With much thought, she agreed to do it. It was portrayed as a heroic and courageous act of mercy. Had I known mercy killing was to be the agenda of this book, I would not have read it. Then, of course, toward the end, a lesbian relationship was thrown in for good measure. I would not recommend this book. This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers. March 16, 2022 This is the first book that I have read of Kerry Barrett. I am a fan now. This book follows Elise back in WWII and then Stephanie in the present time. Elise was a nurse during WWII at a hospital in London. She had an idea to have soldiers and patients at the hospital write memories to their family members (last letters.) Elise wished that she knew what her brother's final words were. Stephanie is an artist who works at the same building as Elise did, but in present time. Stephanie is a care giver who stopped painting due to family issues. She wishes she had better communication with her estranged brother and her nan who has dementia. Elise and Stephanie have a lot of the same characteristics and a lot in common. There weren't a lot of characters in this book that you had to keep track of which was wonderful as they were all well-defined. Thank you to NetGalley and H.Q. Digital for allowing me to read & review this book. This book follows
100004.txt	20	brother and her nan who has dementia. Elise and Stephanie have a lot of the same characteristics and a lot in common. There weren't a lot of characters in this book that you had to keep track of which was wonderful as they were all well-defined. Thank you to NetGalley and H.Q. Digital for allowing me to read & review this book. This book follows Elise back in WWII and then Stephanie in the present time. Elise was a nurse during WWII at a hospital in London. She had an idea to have soldiers and patients at the hospital write memories to their family members (last letters.) Elise wished that she knew what her brother's final words were. Stephanie is an artist who works at the same building as Elise did, but in present time. Stephanie is a care giver who stopped painting due to family issues. She wishes she had better communication with her estranged brother and her nan who has dementia. Elise and Stephanie have a lot of the same characteristics and a lot in common. There weren't a lot of characters in this book that you had to keep track of which was wonderful as they were all well-defined. Thank you to NetGalley and H.Q. Digital for allowing me to read & review this book. August 4, 2024 Wow, what a disappointing read. I had such high hopes for it and love reading books that have dual time lines and are set during ww2. I'll start off by saying I enjoyed reading Elsie's story more than I did stephanie's. The storyline flowed better and was more interesting. I pushed through because I really wanted to find out what happened with the characters. I love that this book was based on a true story and reading about a nurse who did so much for the soldiers and their families by allowing them some closure. Sadly, there was a lot of unnecessary language, an assisted suicide, as well as an attempted rape. I was also disappointed that the author felt the need to add a same sex couple towards the end of the book. The ending was very rushed, to the point that it made no sense and there wasn't much closure on several storylines. Overall a disappointing read and I wouldn't recommend it to anyone. I'll start off by saying I enjoyed reading Elsie's story more than I did stephanie's. The storyline flowed better and was more interesting. I pushed through because I really wanted to find out what happened with the characters. I love that this book was based on a true
100004.txt	21	closure on several storylines. Overall a disappointing read and I wouldn't recommend it to anyone. I'll start off by saying I enjoyed reading Elsie's story more than I did stephanie's. The storyline flowed better and was more interesting. I pushed through because I really wanted to find out what happened with the characters. I love that this book was based on a true story and reading about a nurse who did so much for the soldiers and their families by allowing them some closure. Sadly, there was a lot of unnecessary language, an assisted suicide, as well as an attempted rape. I was also disappointed that the author felt the need to add a same sex couple towards the end of the book. The ending was very rushed, to the point that it made no sense and there wasn't much closure on several storylines. Overall a disappointing read and I wouldn't recommend it to anyone. This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers. March 15, 2022 Thank you NetGalley for an advanced copy of The Book of Last Letters by author Kerry Barrett. This book follows two women, Elise and Stephanie, in different timelines. Elise works at a hospital in WWII while Stephanie works as a carer in the same building but is an assisted living facility in the present. Elise creates a scrapbook for her military patients which includes last letters and Stephanie re-creates the idea in the present when Elise's book is rediscovered. I really liked how the author highlighted the compassionate nature of these two women and their struggles with their difficult professions. And how even though it's their job to care for others, both needed to remember to take care of themselves. This book is historical fiction but at times almost a mystery too as Stephanie in the present tries to discover what happened to Elise after she started the scrapbook. Both women have romances and even some suspenseful moments at times. It was a fast yet beautiful book to read. I would rate this book 4 out of 5 stars and recommend it for fans of historical fiction. This book follows two women, Elise and Stephanie, in different timelines. Elise works at a hospital in WWII while Stephanie works as a carer in the same building but is an assisted living facility in the present. Elise creates a scrapbook for her military patients which includes last letters and Stephanie re-creates the idea in the present when Elise's book is rediscovered. I really liked how the author highlighted the compassionate nature of these two women and their struggles with
100004.txt	22	a hospital in WWII while Stephanie works as a carer in the same building but is an assisted living facility in the present. Elise creates a scrapbook for her military patients which includes last letters and Stephanie re-creates the idea in the present when Elise's book is rediscovered. I really liked how the author highlighted the compassionate nature of these two women and their struggles with their difficult professions. And how even though it's their job to care for others, both needed to remember to take care of themselves. This book is historical fiction but at times almost a mystery too as Stephanie in the present tries to discover what happened to Elise after she started the scrapbook. Both women have romances and even some suspenseful moments at times. It was a fast yet beautiful book to read. I would rate this book 4 out of 5 stars and recommend it for fans of historical fiction. August 31, 2022 The Book of Last Letters by Kerry Barrett is a delightful book about nursing in the Second World War and being a care in a nursing a home in 2022. Elsie is the young nurse in the 1940's, when she starts to record patients messages, drawings and farewell. messages to family and friends. Which is appreciated by the soldiers and other families left behind. Then one of the patients who has been severely burned asks Elsie to end her suffering,, when Elsie does she is being watched by someone else. What happens to Elsie and her boyfriend Harry, do they live after the war? Stephanie reads the book that Elsie started and uses that idea to kickstart her set career.in the process she paints a mural and starts an up to date book signed by the residents of the Care Home. An interesting idea and an enjoyable read. Highly recommended Elsie is the young nurse in the 1940's, when she starts to record patients messages, drawings and farewell. messages to family and friends. Which is appreciated by the soldiers and other families left behind. Then one of the patients who has been severely burned asks Elsie to end her suffering,, when Elsie does she is being watched by someone else. What happens to Elsie and her boyfriend Harry, do they live after the war? Stephanie reads the book that Elsie started and uses that idea to kickstart her set career.in the process she paints a mural and starts an up to date book signed by the residents of the Care Home. An interesting idea and an enjoyable read. Highly recommended
100004.txt	23	watched by someone else. What happens to Elsie and her boyfriend Harry, do they live after the war? Stephanie reads the book that Elsie started and uses that idea to kickstart her set career.in the process she paints a mural and starts an up to date book signed by the residents of the Care Home. An interesting idea and an enjoyable read. Highly recommended April 2, 2022 Emotional book which recalls the war in London and where a nurse looked after the wounded patients. She started a book where the patients could write memories, letters or notes to loved ones in case they don't recover. The nurse fell in love with an injured RAF got pregnant, and in the end left to live in Ireland and got married and had three other children. There is also stories about present times, were Stephanie who was previously an art teacher applies for a grant of £1000 and wins it to paint a mural on the side of the old person home we're she works based on the letters from the nurse in the war. Stephanie also gets the residents to write in a note book, she also falls in love with a man called Finn. Both stories are about women who are lonely, find love but unsure if they are good enough for their lover. Both fall in love in the end. This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers. April 9, 2022 Thank you NetGalley and HQ for the copy of The Book of Last Letters. This was a WW2 historical novel that doesn't center on the concentration camps. The book was too long and could have been edited down to get rid of some of the descriptions and superfluous scenes. I liked the two stories, although they both bored me at times at first, maybe because I never connected to the writing or to the characters other than Elsie. Elsie turns out to be a great friend and I loved finding out what happened to her! Her story was the emotional heart of the book. The book was really long and could have been edited down to get rid of some of the descriptions and superfluous scenes. This would be a great beach book for a lazy summer day. 3.5 stars rounded up to 4. Displaying 1 - 30 of 250 reviews
100005.txt	0	--- title: BGRI 2018 Technical Workshop date: 2018-04-14 --- April 14-17, 2018 The 2018 BGRI Technical Workshop featured over 400 participants from 51 countries coming together in Morocco, hosted by ICARDA. The BGRI was proud to present the Norman Borlaug statue for lifetime achievements in wheat research to Dr. Mahmoud El-Solh, former director of ICARDA. Dr. El-Solh's leadership during war time ensured that generations of accumulated research, knowledge, and precious seed samples were preserved. Into the technical presentations, Mogens Hovmoller showed how recent intercontinental spreads of yellow rust are causing new epidemics, with big problems in North and East Africa, and South America, amongst others. New races of stem rust have also been emerging. Whereas the focus used to be on Ug99 or Digalu, this changed around 2013 and stem rust populations are now very diverse, it's even possible to detect 8 or 9 races in a sample from a single field. New virulence is also emerging, and several races are causing big problems across many regions worldwide. In Siberia, for example, there has been a gradual increase of stem rust incidence in the last 5-7 years and 90% of varieties grown there are highly susceptible. BGRI 2018 Technical Workshop playlist On April 15, Dhouha Kthiri warned us that the emergence of new leaf rust races is causing problems for durum production in the Canadian prairies. This is particularly important given Canada's role as the world's leading producer and exporter of durum wheat. Dhouha highlighted that there are fewer resistance genes identified in durum wheat than in bread wheat, and that virulence to one of the most popular Lr resistance genes has been detected, so she is using KASP markers to genotype F8 recombinant inbred lines and develop linkage maps for Lr genes. Marco Maccaferri also talked about the work of his team on durum wheat, and how, in collaboration with Kansas State University, he has successfully developed the Svevo-Whole-Genome Radiation Hybrid panel, the first of its kind. Meanwhile Sisay Alemu and his team aimed to identify new sources of yellow rust resistance for durum wheat in Ethiopia. They identified a single significant Yr locus on chromosome 1BS in Ethiopian landraces by phenotyping 300 landraces and released cultivars and conducting SNP data
100005.txt	1	Svevo-Whole-Genome Radiation Hybrid panel, the first of its kind. Meanwhile Sisay Alemu and his team aimed to identify new sources of yellow rust resistance for durum wheat in Ethiopia. They identified a single significant Yr locus on chromosome 1BS in Ethiopian landraces by phenotyping 300 landraces and released cultivars and conducting SNP data and association analysis. As Pablo Olivera and Les Szabo highlighted, the emergence of Ug99 catalyzed the development of a solid surveillance system, with many partners working together. But the level of collaboration seems to now extend much further than surveillance. Dhouha talked about how maps were made available to her. And when Clemence Marchal was conducting her work to show that Yr5 and Yr7 are closely linked genes, rather than true alleles, she mentioned that when they needed to clone Yr5, all the hard work had already been done for her by McGrann et al. Meanwhile Lesley Boyd's presentation reported on a collaboration that has been going on for more than 10 years. One of the great things BGRI has done is to bring people together, both in meetings like this and through its mission to reduce the world's vulnerability to stem, yellow, and leaf rusts of wheat; facilitate sustainable international partnerships to contain the threat of wheat rusts; and enhance world productivity to withstand global threats to wheat security. However, we need to ensure that these collaborations continue and even expand. When she started working on wheat rust, I'm not sure that Diane Saunders thought her work might be affected by moths. But despite the historic barberry eradication schemes just described by Radhika Bartaula, people in the UK are now beginning to plant barberry to conserve a rare moth, so Diane now also works with conservation organizations as collaborators in protecting cereals from rust. As several of the speakers mentioned, when and the where of the next high-impact race incursions are not known. To mitigate their impact, coordinated surveillance at all levels across cereals and alternative hosts in various regions, compilation of data from many sources is necessary. In addition, there needs to be a 'common language' and utilization of shared facilities and resources. The panel session on "Women speak up: building capacity in the pipeline" invited three female leaders in their field to talk about what got them into plant science and how younger generations should chart their careers. Lesley Boyd, who is Research Programme Leader and Head of NIAB International, told us how she had
100005.txt	2	to be a 'common language' and utilization of shared facilities and resources. The panel session on "Women speak up: building capacity in the pipeline" invited three female leaders in their field to talk about what got them into plant science and how younger generations should chart their careers. Lesley Boyd, who is Research Programme Leader and Head of NIAB International, told us how she had wanted to be a scientist from a young age, and highlighted the importance of gaining experience at different institutions in different countries. Wafaa El Khoury, from IFAD's Policy and Technical Advisory Division, emphasized the importance of being proactive and taking advantage of every opportunity, even when there are risks involved. She also reminded us that you have to be passionate about what you're doing! And this was something clearly evidenced by the third panelist, Silvia German, who served as principal researcher at the National Agricultural Research Institute of Uruguay since 1979 and also won the 2017 Women in triticum mentor award. Their comments and the lively discussion that followed were very informative for me, and I know they were for many early career people in this room, not only the women. There were overviews from Hans Braun, Ravi Singh, and Alexey Morgunov on breeding for genetic gain, and how the international wheat improvement network enables the wheat community to rapidly respond to new challenges to produce enormous impacts, not only in terms of improved food security and capacity building, but also in terms of the economic benefits, which are estimated at 2.1 to 5.7 billion dollars. On April 16, it was a great opportunity for us to learn about some of the new approaches being used in wheat breeding. Philomin Juliana asked how we can deliver future genetic gains in wheat – including improvement of grain yield and stem rust resistance – using genomic selection. In a wonderfully honest presentation, Philomin showed us how within-population accuracies for predicting traits were around 0.4, but accuracy dropped to around 0.17 when predicting across populations. If genomic selection is to be successfully applied in wheat breeding programs, we will need to better understand G x E interactions and include traits that affect grain yield, such as lodging, in the models. This links to the work being done by Suchismita Mondal and the team at CIMMYT, who are using high throughput data to investigate lodging and crop height estimations, among other traits, through the use of planes and drones. Thanks to a highly efficient collaboration with Kansas State University,
100005.txt	3	and include traits that affect grain yield, such as lodging, in the models. This links to the work being done by Suchismita Mondal and the team at CIMMYT, who are using high throughput data to investigate lodging and crop height estimations, among other traits, through the use of planes and drones. Thanks to a highly efficient collaboration with Kansas State University, they have been able to reduce the image processing and extraction stage of their phenomics process from around 7 months to 3-4 weeks, meaning that the extracted data is now available by the end of the wheat cycle. As this technology rapidly advances, they are looking at how they can use high-throughput methods in disease assessment. After NDVI measurements were successfully used to assess spot blotch, the team turned their attention to rust and have had some success with stem rust, though leaf and yellow rust have proved trickier. Another new technology looking to reduce the time it takes to get new varieties to farmers is speed breeding. This revolutionary approach can be used to accelerate plants' development and achieve up to six generations of wheat per year, compared to one or two under traditional or shuttle breeding systems. This duration could be reduced even further if speed breeding is combined with other technologies such as CRISPR. However, it is important to remember that speed breeding required large investments in infrastructure, and there still needs to be further work done to reduce the costs, e.g. by using LED lights to reduce electricity costs. One of the achievements reported by Lee was the recent release of a high protein milling wheat with tolerance to pre-harvest sprouting. This result is something that should always be considered, no matter how advanced the technology we are using. At the end of the day, it is about getting varieties into farmers' fields. Zerihun Tadesse highlighted the importance of this in Ethiopia, where demand for wheat is rapidly increasing, but where they have had big problems with recurrent rust epidemics. Through fast track testing and release, accelerated seed multiplication, and scaling-out of technologies, they are working to replace susceptible varieties in farmers' fields. This recap is based on the summation provided by Emma Quilligan, April 17, 2018 Abstracts Awards WIT Early Career Winners Mentor Winner Gene Stewardship
100006.txt	0	--- title: History date: 2023-01-01 --- History The Land and First People Three thousand years ago, the homesite of the earliest inhabitants of today's Los Angeles County Arboretum & Botanic Garden was known as Aleupkigna, "the place of many waters." With the arrival of the Spanish in California some two hundred years ago, the residents of Aleupkigna became known as the Gabrielino (in reference to the mission responsible for their conversion), and the land upon which they had lived before removal to the Mission became Rancho Santa Anita, an agricultural outpost of Mission San Gabriel. Hugo Reid, a Scotsman with Mexican citizenship, married to a Gabrielino woman, became the first private owner of Rancho Santa Anita and in 1840 constructed his adobe house next to Baldwin Lake. In 2022, the County of Los Angeles issued a land acknowledgment recognizing we occupy land originally and still inhabited by the Tongva, Tataviam, Serrano, Kizh, and Chumash Peoples. Rancho Santa Anita: The Trials of Ownership Rancho Santa Anita has justly earned its reference as the "fairy spot of the Valley." The rancho peaked under the ownership of Hugo Reid when hides and tallow furnished a stable economic base and fine mission plantings flourished in a benevolent climate. Scarcely two years after he received full title (1845), however, the quixotic Reid found himself tired of life as a ranchero and on the brink of insolvency. Rancho Santa Anita was purchased by Reid's friend and Rancho Azusa neighbor, Henry Dalton. During the ensuing decade and a half, the title to Rancho Santa Anita passed through a number of hands. In 1881 Henry Dalton by lost the homesite in a mortgage foreclosure. Joseph A. Rowe, owner and star equestrian of Rowe's Olympic Circus, paid $33,000 cash for the land on which he planned to make his permanent home. An additional $6,000 went into rebuilding the crumbling Hugo Reid Adobe. Rowe's eventual financial mismanagement and ranching inexperience finished the ranching career of the only owner to actually lose money on his investment in Santa Anita. In 1857, Rowe borrowed $12,500 at 24% interest to cover his debts, and when that proved insufficient he managed to find a bidder for the ranch itself, an investment partnership that paid a mere $16,645 for title to
100006.txt	1	and ranching inexperience finished the ranching career of the only owner to actually lose money on his investment in Santa Anita. In 1857, Rowe borrowed $12,500 at 24% interest to cover his debts, and when that proved insufficient he managed to find a bidder for the ranch itself, an investment partnership that paid a mere $16,645 for title to Rancho Santa Anita. Joseph Rowe quietly left for Australia after clearing $2,300 on his $33,000 land investment. The unlikely combination of Albert Dibblee, San Francisco vigilante coordinator, and William Corbitt and Mr. Barker, Los Angeles promoters, had purchased Rancho Santa Anita sight unseen from the floundering Rowe. Unfortunately, almost three years of devastating drought put an end to cattle ranching in Southern California and their plans. In 1865 the partnership made the first of what would become many divisions in Rancho Santa Anita, selling the land in two sections. The smaller, 2,000 unimproved acres in the west, was sold to a German merchant and entreprèneur, Leonard Rose, at $200 an acre, while the heart of the rancho, 11,319 acres surrounding the homesite, went to ex- trapper, William Wolfskill for $20,000. With patience and extensive irrigation, Leonard Rose raised experimental grapes, quality citrus fruits, and prizewinning trotting horses on his estate. In 1886 William Wolfskill died, and his son Luis assumed ownership of Rancho Santa Anita. With increasing stability, land prices rose to lucrative levels, and Luis further subdivided the ranch to gain maximum profits. Alfred Chapman and Harris Newmark soon purchased land from Wolfskill. A shrewd man, Newmark realized that it was only a matter of time before the railroads would complete their lines into Los Angeles, thus opening the area to national markets and inevitably boosting the value of land. Beating the Southern Pacific to the scene, however, was Elias Jackson ("Lucky") Baldwin, homespun Yankee capitalist, who in 1875 paid a fantastic $200,000 ($25 an acre) for Rancho Santa Anita. With a businessman's determintion and a farm boy's enthusiasm, he set about to make his investment pay, and in doing so fulfilled the bright promise so many before him had also seen in the "fairy spot of the Valley." The Baldwin Ranch and Lucky Baldwin Years. When Elias Jackson "Lucky" Baldwin purchased Ran
100006.txt	2	25 an acre) for Rancho Santa Anita. With a businessman's determintion and a farm boy's enthusiasm, he set about to make his investment pay, and in doing so fulfilled the bright promise so many before him had also seen in the "fairy spot of the Valley." The Baldwin Ranch and Lucky Baldwin Years. When Elias Jackson "Lucky" Baldwin purchased Rancho Santa Anita in 1875, he acquired not only the natural lakes and cienegas on the property, but water rights in both Big and Little Santa Anita Canyons just north of his homesite. The Baldwin Ranch was situated on a 2,000 acre artesian belt, a benefit of its location atop the Raymond Hill Fault. Sixty percent of Baldwin Ranch irrigation waters came from artesian sources, the remaining 40 percent from canyon waters. Baldwin Lake, which served as a holding reservoir for ranch irrigation projects, was dredged and deepened, perhaps 12-15 feet, by owner Baldwin in the late 1880s, and a retaining wall, capped by granite boulders, was constructed around the lake edge. "Baldwin's Belvedere," today known as the Queen Anne Cottage, was built in 1885 on a peninsula jutting out into the horseshoe-shaped lake; the springs that feed the lake are located in both the north and south inlets. Lucky Baldwin supplied residents of the city of Arcadia with a combination of canyon and artesian water of such quality that a Los Angeles Herald reporter commented, "Why, if this God-given fluid were piped to Los Angeles and distributed to the city, the saloons would lose half their customers, and water drinking would become fashionable." In early Arboretum days the lake was designated LASCA (Los Angeles State and County Arboretum) Lagoon, perhaps a reference to its film location possibilities, perhaps a corruption of the Spanish word for lake. Los Angeles County Arboretum & Botanic Garden Chronology ca. 500 B.C. A native village later identified by Hugo Reid as Aleupkigna ("place of many waters") is established near the-natural lake on today's site. 1771 Mission San Gabriel is founded. Native inhabitants are referred to as "Gabrielinos." Ca. 1800 Rancho Santa Anita is established as an agricultural outpost of Mission San Gabriel. 1839 Don Perfecto Hugo Reid petitions for 3 square leagues (13,319 acres) of Rancho Santa Anita. He will receive provisional title
100006.txt	3	atural lake on today's site. 1771 Mission San Gabriel is founded. Native inhabitants are referred to as "Gabrielinos." Ca. 1800 Rancho Santa Anita is established as an agricultural outpost of Mission San Gabriel. 1839 Don Perfecto Hugo Reid petitions for 3 square leagues (13,319 acres) of Rancho Santa Anita. He will receive provisional title in 1841 and full title in 1845. 1840 Hugo Reid constructs "a house of stone" near the lake at Santa Anita. 1847 Henry Dalton purchases Rancho Santa Anita from Hugo Reid for $2,700. 1854 Dalton sells Rancho Santa Anita to Joseph Rowe for $33,000. 1858 Rowe sells Rancho Santa Anita at a loss to Albert Dibblee and William Corbitt 1865 William Wolfskill purchases 11,319 acres of Rancho Santa Anita for $20,000. 1872 William's son Luis Wolfskill sells about 8,500 acres of Rancho Santa Anita, including the lakeside property, to Harris Newmark for $85,000. 1875 Elias Jackson "Lucky" Baldwin purchases Rancho Santa Anita for $200,000. ca. 1877 Baldwin renovates the Hugo Reid Adobe, creating an 8-room, L-shaped home with a new wooden wing attached to the old adobe structure. ca. 1879 The red and white Coach Barn is constructed. ca. 1880 Baldwin imports peafowl from India to adorn his new Santa Anita property. 1885-86 The Cottage, Baldwin's guesthouse, is completed on the shore of Baldwin Lake. ca. 1887 Lucky Baldwin deepens the lake basin by 10-12 feet and lines the perimeter with a granite boulder-topped wall. 1890 The Santa Anita Depot is constructed at today's Colorado Blvd. and Old Ranch Rd. using Baldwin-manufactured bricks. 1909 Lucky Baldwin dies of pneumonia in his Adobe home. 1912 Anita Baldwin constructs her own 50-room home, Anoakia, at the corner of today's Baldwin Ave. and Foothill Blvd. 1936 Anita Baldwin sells the remaining 1,300 acres of Rancho Santa Anita to Harry Chandler of the Los Angeles Times. 1936-47 Chandler's real estate organization, Rancho Santa Anita, Inc. undertakes subdivision of the old ranch lands. 1947 With urging from Dr. Samuel Ayres' Arboretum Committee of the Southern California Horticultural Institute, the State
100006.txt	4	6 Anita Baldwin sells the remaining 1,300 acres of Rancho Santa Anita to Harry Chandler of the Los Angeles Times. 1936-47 Chandler's real estate organization, Rancho Santa Anita, Inc. undertakes subdivision of the old ranch lands. 1947 With urging from Dr. Samuel Ayres' Arboretum Committee of the Southern California Horticultural Institute, the State of California and County of Los Angeles jointly purchase 111 acres from Rancho Santa Anita, Inc. to create an arboretum around the Baldwin home-site (deed granted Feb. 17; recorded Oct. 2). 1948 The California Arboretum Foundation is incorporated as a non-profit organization to sublease and administer the Los Angeles State and County Arboretum (Feb. 20). 1948 Dr. Frans Verdoorn is hired as the first Director of the Arboretum (Oct. 1). Dr. Verdoorn secures the first 1,000 volumes for an Arboretum library. George Spalding is hired as Arboretum horticulturist. 1949 An Historical Committee is created under Susanna Bryant Dakin to oversee the restoration of the historic buildings on The Arboretum grounds. 1949 The first Arbor Day ceremony is held at The Arboretum with the planting of a holly oak near the Coach Barn. 1949 Los Angeles County purchases a 9-acre, 200-foot wide strip along the eastern boundary (Baldwin Ave.) from Rancho Santa Anita, Inc. to create an esplanade and parking area. 1949 Pre-fabricated wooden buildings are erected on the grounds at the Old Ranch Rd. gate. The larger serves as an administration building/library and the other is the caretaker's residence. 1949 The first Arboretum greenhouse with adjoining lath house is constructed in today's African section. 1949 All plants growing on the grounds are inventoried and mounted specimens are made for Herbarium files. 1950 A Master Plan created by Harry Sims Bent is adopted by the County of Los Angeles and the California Arboretum Foundation. 1950 Dr. Russell Seibert is appointed Director of the Arboretum (June 1). 1950 County capital improvements include removal of trees from road areas, grading of roadways around the lake and west acres, and re-positioning of the lake outlet from south to north. 1950 An official weather station is established on The Arboretum grounds. 1950 Test plantings of Eucalyptus and
100006.txt	5	appointed Director of the Arboretum (June 1). 1950 County capital improvements include removal of trees from road areas, grading of roadways around the lake and west acres, and re-positioning of the lake outlet from south to north. 1950 An official weather station is established on The Arboretum grounds. 1950 Test plantings of Eucalyptus and Acacia are established in today's Australian section. 1950 Los Angeles County contributes $34,000 toward an Arboretum research program for testing, propagation and introduction of new species and varieties of plants from worldwide sources. 1950 Volume 1, No. 1 of LASCA Leaves, an Arboretum quarterly journal, is issued (October). 1951 The first permanent plantings on The Arboretum grounds are initiated with some 1,000 trees. 1951 County capital improvements include grading the remainder of the major road system and installation of water main and sewage lines. 1951 The new Baldwin Avenue alignment is set; through access from Colorado Blvd. to Huntington Dr. will be available within a year. 1952 Restoration of the Queen Anne Cottage begins under the direction of the Historical Committee. It will be completed in 1953. 1953 The California Arboretum Foundation relinquishes direct management of The Arboretum to Los Angeles County, which establishes a new Department of Arboreta and Botanic Gardens to administer the property (July 1). 1953 Two additional parcels of land are purchased along Baldwin Ave. to bring the Arboretum to its present 127 acres. 1953 The first greenhouse is constructed for the new nursery/propagation area in the northeast corner of The Arboretum. 1953 The first wing of the Service building is begun. The complex will be completed in 1955. 1954 Photograph and slide files are begun. 1954 A hedge of bamboo (Bambusa oldhamii) is planted along the Baldwin Ave. fence as a sight and sound barrier. 1954 Public restrooms are completed at the Baldwin Ave. entrance. 1955 The Arboretum is formally opened to the public (Jan. 9), though tours are available on Sundays only at first. 1955 The Herb Garden is laid out by members of the Herb Society of America, Southern California unit. 1955 Director Seibert resigns. Dr. William Stewart becomes the new Arboretum Director. 1956 Color postcards of Baldwin Lake, the Queen Anne Cottage, the Coach Barn and the Jungle area are sold by CAF.
100006.txt	6	available on Sundays only at first. 1955 The Herb Garden is laid out by members of the Herb Society of America, Southern California unit. 1955 Director Seibert resigns. Dr. William Stewart becomes the new Arboretum Director. 1956 Color postcards of Baldwin Lake, the Queen Anne Cottage, the Coach Barn and the Jungle area are sold by CAF. 1956 The Herb Society of America plants a Victorian Rose Garden not far from the Herb Garden. 1956 The Annual and Perennial test and display garden is laid out in semi-circular beds in the west acres (today's Meadowbrook). 1956 Archaeological work is begun in the Hugo Reid Adobe courtyard. The project will continue through 1958. 1956 California State Assembly Bill #430 authorizes the Arboretum to distribute new plant introductions at cost to commercial nurseries. 1956 Storm drains are completed underground across the entry (Bauer Pool) lawn. 1956 The Administration building and Gatehouse complex is completed. 1956 The Arboretum is opened to the public on a 7-day a week basis (December). 1957 The first 3 of 4 orchid greenhouses are constructed just west of the service area. 1957 Avocados, ornamental figs and an economic fruit orchard are added to Tallac Knoll plantings. 1957 A formal Youth Education program is initiated with Saturday and after school classes for children. 1957 A formal Adult Education program begins in the fall. with eight classes taught by staff members. 1957 A school field tour program is begun using staff as guides. 1957 A system of grid markers is installed throughout The Arboretum at 200-foot intervals to facilitate a complete mapping of the grounds. 1957 Research topics include plant introductions, fire retardant plants, smog and plants, turf grasses, oak root fungus, and experiments with gibberellic acids. 1957 The Arboretum presents its first plant introduction, Felicia amelloides "Santa Anita" (a blue marguerite daisy). Plant introductions will continue on a yearly basis through 1991 1958 Sunset Home Demonstration Gardens are dedicated (May). 1958 The Lucky Baldwin Coach Barn is restored by the State of California. 1959 The Southern California chapter of the American Begonia Society donates a glasshouse for the Arboretum begonia collection. 1959 The Library/Lecture Hall complex is completed. 1959 The Biblical Garden atop Tallac Knoll is completed. 1959
100006.txt	7	Home Demonstration Gardens are dedicated (May). 1958 The Lucky Baldwin Coach Barn is restored by the State of California. 1959 The Southern California chapter of the American Begonia Society donates a glasshouse for the Arboretum begonia collection. 1959 The Library/Lecture Hall complex is completed. 1959 The Biblical Garden atop Tallac Knoll is completed. 1959 Reconstruction of the Hugo Reid Adobe is undertaken by the State of California. Four native kiys are part of the project. 1959 Restrooms in the Historical Section are completed. 1960 The Arboretum auctions off almost 150 peafowl. 1960 Pancho the burro arrives at The Arboretum. 1960 Demonstration turf plots are planted north of the Library as is a display of ground covers. 1960 A formal Herbarium is started with specimens dating back to 1949. 1961 Grading begins and water lines are installed for the entryway project. 1961 A citrus grove is planted around the Rose Garden. 1961 The Baldwin Boathouse is reconstructed on its original site near the Queen Anne Cottage. 1963 The entryway project, consisting of the central Bauer Pool and gateway (or McFie) Pool, is completed and lawns are planted between the pools and out to Baldwin Avenue. 1963 The South American plant section is moved from an area near Old Ranch Rd. to the south slope of Tallac Knoll. 1964 Over 70 trees are moved from other areas of the Arboretum to the formal entryway near the Bauer and McFie Pools. 1966 A 215-car parking lot is constructed at the south end of the Arboretum to replace parking which must be ceded on the north for new freeway access. 1967 Las Voluntarias, The Arboretum volunteer group created by Maria Stewart, is formally organized. 1967 Peacock Pavilion is completed with a coffee shop on the upper level and Gift Shop/CAF offices below. 1968 Training programs for volunteer school tour leaders begin. 1968 A juniper display garden is planted just north of the Library. 1968 George Spalding starts the Plant Information "hot line" at the Arboretum. 1969 The month of January breaks a 20-year rainfall record with 20.49 inches recorded, including 7.16 inches on a single day. 1969 Ground is broken for relocation of the old Santa Anita Depot to the south parking area of The Arboretum. The Depot will be dedicated the next
100006.txt	8	the Plant Information "hot line" at the Arboretum. 1969 The month of January breaks a 20-year rainfall record with 20.49 inches recorded, including 7.16 inches on a single day. 1969 Ground is broken for relocation of the old Santa Anita Depot to the south parking area of The Arboretum. The Depot will be dedicated the next year. 1969 A series of 13 public service television programs on The Arboretum are filmed and televised under the title "Green Leaves." 1969 The Manfred Meyberg waterfall is constructed with cascades from the top of Tallac Knoll. 1969 A fire starts in the jungle and rapidly spreads through the Historical Section and into a nearby neighborhood (Dec. 26). 1970 Francis Ching is appointed Director of the Department of Arboreta and Botanic Gardens. 1970 The first Baldwin Bonanza is held in the Lecture Hall under volunteer chairman Alice Frost Douglas. There will be no Bonanza in 1971, but the sale resumes in 1972 with a focus on plants and has continued yearly since. 1970 The Research building is completed between the nursery and service yard areas. 1970 The Baldwin Boathouse and Gabrielino kiys destroyed in the 1969 fire are rebuilt. 1971 A series of Sunday afternoon lectures given by staff for the public begins a 10- year run. 1971 The Aquatic Garden is completed on top of Tallac Knoll. 1971 The first Queen Anne Frolic is held on the lawn in front of the Cottage. The dinner/dance fund-raiser will continue as a biennial event through 1985. 1971 The Gift Shop adds books, plants and craft items made by volunteers to its inventory. 1972 A series of Sunday morning guided walks led by staff members begins what will be a 10-year run. 1972 With completion of the Foothill (210) Freeway, The Arboretum joins with the City of Arcadia in a planting project along the new Baldwin Ave. median strip and in areas adjoining on and off ramps. 1972 Arbor Day celebrations held at The Arboretum are discontinued in favor of in-school tree planting programs. 1972 The Annual and Perennial Garden is replaced by Meadowbrook, with its 1,000-foot winding stream and plantings that emphasize seasonal color. 1972 The Garden for All Seasons is begun north of the juniper collection by Las Voluntarias as a combination flower and vegetable garden. 1972 Under President Alice Frost
100006.txt	9	are discontinued in favor of in-school tree planting programs. 1972 The Annual and Perennial Garden is replaced by Meadowbrook, with its 1,000-foot winding stream and plantings that emphasize seasonal color. 1972 The Garden for All Seasons is begun north of the juniper collection by Las Voluntarias as a combination flower and vegetable garden. 1972 Under President Alice Frost Douglas, CAF initiates a drive, which increases membership from 700 in 1972 to over 2,000 in 1974. 1973 George Spalding writes A History of The Arboretum – The First Twenty-Five Years. 1973 A new Gatehouse is constructed just east of the entrance steps, and visitors are now directed to enter The Arboretum through the Rotunda. 1974 Loran Whitelock donates an extensive collection of cycads for placement in the Prehistoric and Jungle Garden. 1974 The first Spring Extravaganza is held at The Arboretum with horticultural exhibits, demonstrations and lectures provided by staff and various plant societies. Spring Extravaganza will continue yearly through 1978. 1975 The Tropical Greenhouse is completed and opened to the public. 1975 A new entranceway is completed off Baldwin Ave. with a curving drive around a new fountain and pool. 1975 A large natural materials mural of the Queen Anne Cottage, designed and executed by volunteers Grace Robinson and Ruth Brankey, is hung in the Rotunda. In 1978 they also created a second mural depicting a lake scene. 1975 Arboretum attendance for fiscal year 1974-75 is 836,933, an all time high. 1976 The Prehistoric and Jungle Garden is completed with additional cycads plus ferns, dawn redwoods, gingkoes and magnolias that share a prehistoric lineage. 1977 The 450-volume horticultural library of German Seed Co. is donated to The Arboretum Library. 1977 LASCA Leaves is incorporated as an 8-page insert into a new, bimonthly national magazine, Garden. 1978 California State Proposition 13 is approved by the voters in June. Staff positions are lost immediately, and in August The Arboretum inaugurates entrance and tram fees to offset budget cuts. Fees are $1.00 for adults, 50 cents for children and seniors and $1.00 per person for tram seats. 1978 Youth Education programs are terminated due to personnel losses. 1978 A volunteer mapping crew begins a
100006.txt	10	the voters in June. Staff positions are lost immediately, and in August The Arboretum inaugurates entrance and tram fees to offset budget cuts. Fees are $1.00 for adults, 50 cents for children and seniors and $1.00 per person for tram seats. 1978 Youth Education programs are terminated due to personnel losses. 1978 A volunteer mapping crew begins a quadrant by quadrant survey of all plants on The Arboretum grounds. 1978 The first Christmas Open House for the public is held at the Queen Anne Cottage. 1979 Los Angeles County initiates "free admission" day at The Arboretum on the third Tuesday of every month. 1979 Four ongoing research programs are terminated due to personnel cutbacks. The entire research division would be shut down in 1981. 1979 The California Arboretum Foundation funds the first summer Horticultural Student Intern program at The Arboretum. 1979 CAF and Arcadia Chamber of Commerce co-sponsor a fund-raising concert on the lawn featuring Les Brown. Summer concerts would continue with various artists into the 1980's. 1979 Flagstone walkways replace dirt paths in the Herb Garden. 1979 Fall Garden Fair replaces Spring Extravaganza through 1980. 1980 A major windstorm fells over 100 trees including 60 eucalyptus and the 104-yearold coast redwood planted near the Coach Barn by Lucky Baldwin. 1980 Seven coast redwoods are planted in the grassy triangle near the Historical Section restrooms. 1980 The Queen Anne Cottage and Coach Barn are recognized for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places. 1980 Construction begins on the 8,900 sq. foot Hall of Environmental Education. It will be dedicated in 1981. 1981 Private contractors are employed for lawn mowing, weed control and maintenance of Baldwin Ave. parkways. 1981 The reconstructed Baldwin Boathouse is destroyed by vandals. 1982 Arboretum admission fees increase to $1.50 for adults and 75 cents for seniors and children. Tram fares also increase to $1.50 per seat. 1982 A 4-panel Interpretive Center is constructed in the African section. 1982 Fall Garden Show is inaugurated at The Arboretum. The weeklong shows would continue annually through 1989. 1983 The Hall of Environmental Education is re-dedicated as Ayres Hall in honor of the founding father of The Arboretum. 1983 The Gift Shop relocates from Peacock
100006.txt	11	4-panel Interpretive Center is constructed in the African section. 1982 Fall Garden Show is inaugurated at The Arboretum. The weeklong shows would continue annually through 1989. 1983 The Hall of Environmental Education is re-dedicated as Ayres Hall in honor of the founding father of The Arboretum. 1983 The Gift Shop relocates from Peacock Pavilion to an expanded version of the old gatehouse at the former exit-way. 1984 New walkways are constructed west of Ayres Hall with monies donated by Garden Show 1983 steering committee. 1984 The Australian section Interpretive Center is completed. 1984 The California Conservation Corps completes a year-long restoration of the Hugo Reid Adobe, courtyard and nearby kiys. 1984 A computer system is installed in-house for processing plant records. 1985 Landscaped steps and landings are constructed to connect Sunset Home Demonstration Gardens to Ayres Hall, with labor and materials donated by California Landscape Contractors Association. 1985 The Rotunda is remodeled and enclosed to accommodate 4 new ticket stations. 1986 Construction of the Library annex adds 3 new offices on the east side of the Library building. 1986 Ground is broken for the Henry Soto Water Conservation Garden. 1986 With a grant from the California State Air Resources Board, twin smog greenhouses are constructed in the African section to demonstrate the effects of smog on plants. 1987 Arboretum admission fees increase to $3.00 for adults, $1.50 for seniors and 75 cents for children. 1987 A Special Events Coordinator position is added with responsibility for rental of the grounds and facilities for groups, weddings, etc. 1987 A volunteer Speakers Bureau is formed to take narrated slide programs out to community groups. 1988 The State of California quitclaims its interest in The Arboretum to the County of Los Angeles (April). The deed of transfer will be recorded Feb. 23, 1989. 1988 CAF sponsors publication of Don Hodel's book Exceptional Trees of Los Angeles. Thirteen specimens from The Arboretum are included in the book. 1988 A new 4,500 sq. foot orchid greenhouse is constructed just east of the older orchid houses. Innovative features include rolling benches, motorized screens, and Dynaglass walls and ceilings. 1988 A state grant is secured to install fire sprinkler systems in the Queen Anne Cottage and Coach Barn, and to upgrade alarms in each of the historical buildings. 1989 CAF
100006.txt	12	4,500 sq. foot orchid greenhouse is constructed just east of the older orchid houses. Innovative features include rolling benches, motorized screens, and Dynaglass walls and ceilings. 1988 A state grant is secured to install fire sprinkler systems in the Queen Anne Cottage and Coach Barn, and to upgrade alarms in each of the historical buildings. 1989 CAF acquires professional photographer Bill Aplin's collection of plant and landscape prints and transparencies. Volunteer Ken Quigley takes on the job of accessioning and cataloging the collection. 1989 Garden magazine is replaced by the California Arboretum Foundation News. 1990 Director Francis Ching retires. Rumors abound of a possible merger of the Department of Arboreta and Botanic Gardens with the Museum of Natural History, but the proposal is tabled. 1990 Landscaping begins on the 7,000 sq. foot Grace V. Kallam Garden located on the west side of Meadowbrook. 1990 Peacock Cafe is renovated with new kitchen, new interior decor and construction of extended outdoor dining terraces. Brown Jordan designs a line of peacock feather motif furniture for the project. 1991 Ken Smith is appointed Director of the Department of Arboreta and Botanic Gardens. 1991 The tram waiting area is renovated with teak benches and potted shade trees. 1991 Baldwin Lake dries up. As the water recedes, fish are removed and protective fencing is erected around the lakebed. The water table would come back up the following year. 1992 The Tropical Forest project is initiated. Overgrowth is cleared, the area is graded and new paths are mapped. Several trees, some donated and others relocated from other Arboretum sites, are planted in the project area. 1992 Summer hours are extended through twilight to encourage visitation. 1992 A statuary garden is begun near the waterfall with the donation of a 7-foot tall white marble sculpture commissioned by Anita Baldwin in 1930 for her Anoakia estate. 1993 The Department of Arboreta and Botanic Gardens is merged with the Department of Parks and Recreation effective January 1. Ken Smith resigns prior to the merger. 1993 The Rose Garden is renovated with the addition of perennials, companion plants and 150 new roses. 1993 Arboretum entrance fees are increased to $5.00 for adults, $3.00 for seniors and $1.50 for children. 1994 The Herb Garden is renovated to emphasize color
100006.txt	13	1. Ken Smith resigns prior to the merger. 1993 The Rose Garden is renovated with the addition of perennials, companion plants and 150 new roses. 1993 Arboretum entrance fees are increased to $5.00 for adults, $3.00 for seniors and $1.50 for children. 1994 The Herb Garden is renovated to emphasize color. Casa Colima assumes major maintenance duties. 1994 An artificial pond with re-circulating water is added to the Tropical Forest. 1994 CAF initiates "Roots and Shoots," a flower and vegetable gardening program for children, located on the site of the removed caretaker's residence near Old Ranch Rd. "Tour and Taste" is initiated the same year as a summer program with short, specialized tours of a segment of the Arboretum followed by dinner on Peacock Terrace. 1994 Shuttle tram service replaces narrated tours of the grounds. Information boxes are placed at tram stops and other attractions. 1994 The name of the garden is changed from Los Angeles State and County Arboretum to The Arboretum of Los Angeles County. A new redwood sign will be installed at the Baldwin Ave. entrance in 1995 incorporating the new name and departmental reorganization. 1995 The flowering tree section atop Tallac Knoll is renovated with large-scale pruning and installation of a trail system through newly accessible plantings. 1995 The Lucky Baldwin fountain in front of the Queen Anne Cottage is restored with new plumbing and electrical systems and a fiberglass-sealed basin. 1995 The California Arboretum Foundation presents "Gardens of Our World" (Oct. 18-22), anew and expanded Garden Show featuring garden vignettes, tablescapes, lectures, demonstrations, and shopping opportunities. Robinson-May and the Los Angeles Times support and help underwrite the project. With changing themes, the show was intended to continue on a yearly basis. 1996 Los Voluntarios designs and publishes Garden of Eatin', a cookbook of favorite recipes. Proceeds will benefit The Arboretum. 1996 Security lighting for the parking lot and decorative lighting at the entranceway fountain and sign are installed by Parks and Recreation. 1996 A new tram, the first to be handicapped-accessible, is purchased for The Arboretum through Parks and Recreation. 1996 Meadowbrook's 1,000-foot streambed, plagued with leaks and silt build-up, is completely reconstructed through County Regional Park and Open Space District funding. 1997 Conductor Victor V
100006.txt	14	sign are installed by Parks and Recreation. 1996 A new tram, the first to be handicapped-accessible, is purchased for The Arboretum through Parks and Recreation. 1996 Meadowbrook's 1,000-foot streambed, plagued with leaks and silt build-up, is completely reconstructed through County Regional Park and Open Space District funding. 1997 Conductor Victor Vener moves his new California Philharmonic Orchestra to The Arboretum for a series of five summer concerts. Sell-out crowds and favorable reviews are promising. 1997 The Arboretum looks forward to the renewal of participation of Sunset magazine in the design, planning and funding of the Home Demonstration Gardens. The joint County/Sunset modernization project was completed in late 1998. Filmed at Baldwin Lake 1936 Tarzan Escapes 1937 Wakiki Wedding 1937 The Buccaneer 1938 Straight, Place And Show 1938 Devil's Island 1939 Gantry The Great 1939 Honeymoon In Bali 1939 Road To Singapore 1939 Safari 1939 Typhoon 1939 The Women 1939 Man In The Iron Mask 194O Moon Over Burma 1940 Susan And God 1940 Victory 1940 The Lady Eve 1941 Among The Living 1941 Malaya 1942 Manila Calling 1942 Gentleman Jim 1943 Passage To Marseilles 1943 Cobra Woman 1944 Mr. Winkle Goes To War 1944 Tarzan And The Amazons 1945 Tarzan And The Leopard Woman 1945 Notorius 1946 Till The Clouds Roll By 1946 Anna And The King Of Siam 1946 The Yearling 1946 The Best Years Of Our Lives 1946 Tarzan And The Huntress 1947 Tycoon 1948 Wake Of The Red Witch 1948 Jungle Jim 1948 Under Capricorn 1949 Johnny Allegro 1949 Tarzan And The Slave Girl 1949 Bomba On Panther Island 1949 Mark Of The Gorilla 1949 Captive Girl 1950 On The Isle Of Samoa 1950 Lost Volcano 1950 Pygmy Island 1950 Tarzan's Peril 1951 The Golden Hawk 1951 Jungle Manhunt 1952 Miss Robinson Crusoe 1952-53 Ramar Of The Jungle 1953 Royal African Rifles 1953 Rage In The Jungles 1953 Bomba And The Golden
100006.txt	15	Isle Of Samoa 1950 Lost Volcano 1950 Pygmy Island 1950 Tarzan's Peril 1951 The Golden Hawk 1951 Jungle Manhunt 1952 Miss Robinson Crusoe 1952-53 Ramar Of The Jungle 1953 Royal African Rifles 1953 Rage In The Jungles 1953 Bomba And The Golden Gilr 1954 Beachhead 1954 Gambler From Natchez 1954 Sheena, Queen Of The Jungle 1954 Cannibal Attack 1954 Killer Leopard 1954 The Lone Wolf 1955 Lord Of The Jungle 1955 Brooba 1955 Tarzan's Hidden Jungle 1956 The Cyclops 1956 Congo Crossing 1958 Sea Hunt 1959 Attack Of The Giant Leeches 1965 Three On A Couch 1965 Lassie 1965 Daniel Boone 1968 Mission Impossible 1969 Too Late The Hero 1970 The Immortal 1971 Longstreet 1974 Carl Sandburg's Abraham Lincoln 1974 Six Million Dollar Man 1975 Wonder Woman 1976 Marathon Man 1976 Binonic Woman 1976 The Captains And The Kings 1977 Macarthur The Rebel General 1977 The Secret Life Of Plants 1977 Testimony Of Two Men 1977 Man From Atlantis 1977-82 Fantasy island 1978 Roots II 1978 Love Boat 1978 Studs Lonigan 1979 Buck Rogers In The 25th Century 1979 The Misadventures of Sheriff Lobo 1979 Wild Times 1980 The Women's Room 1980 Revenge Of The Stepford Wives 1980 Steve Martin Special 1980 Here's Boomer 1981 The Letter 1981 Knot's Landing 1981 Dallas 1981 First Lady Of The World 1982 Flamingo Road 1982 Bring Them Back Alive 1982 Hart To Hart 1983 Matt Houston 1983 Falcon Crest 1983 Fantasy Island 1983 Remington Steele 1983 The Fall Guy 1984 Scarecrow And Mrs. King 1984 Dynasty 1984 Stick
100007.txt	0	--- title: Journalism Terms: Your Glossary Of Newsroom Jargon author: Jeff Kofman Founder; CEO date: 2025-05-06 --- When they're not speaking to sources or typing up the latest breaking news story, journalists have a funny way of phrasing things. If you can't tell your dateline from your deadline or want to find out just what on earth 'banging out' is, you'll find all the answers in this glossary of essential journalism terms and newsroom jargon. A Above the fold This term hails back to the newspaper days. Above the fold refers to content that appears at the top of a page. Back when physical newspapers dominated, they were typically folded in half on newsstands, with the most eye-catching stories showcased in the prime spot above the fold to grab attention. Today, the phrase describes web content that's visible without scrolling, making it just as crucial for drawing in readers online. Add Short for 'additional', add copy is a journalism term that describes extra content that is added after the story has already hit the page or screen. Think a last-minute or follow-up quote, a breaking news update or a correction or clarification. Algorithm No longer just a buzzword in the software sphere, algorithms are key when it comes to online news. In short, they're a set of rules that determine which stories to showcase by analyzing trends, reader engagement and relevance. While they help personalize your news feed, they also have a major influence on which stories grab the spotlight. Angle The specific focus or viewpoint of a story. AP Style Short for Associated Press Style, this is a standard set of writing guidelines used by journalists. It covers everything from punctuation, abbreviations and capitalization to formatting numbers, dates and titles. This ensures consistency and clarity across news outlets. Attribution Giving credit where it's due. It tells readers who said what, where the information comes from and why it matters. It's the lifeline of a story, adding credibility, depth and context while keeping the facts straight. B B-Roll A broadcast news term. B-roll is supplementary footage that provides context or visual interest to the main story. Banging out When a journalist wraps up their last shift and heads out, their colleagues often give a loud send-off by banging their desks. It's an old, lively tradition that hails all the way back from the Fleet Street publishers — though why they did it is anyone's guess! Beat
100007.txt	1	-roll is supplementary footage that provides context or visual interest to the main story. Banging out When a journalist wraps up their last shift and heads out, their colleagues often give a loud send-off by banging their desks. It's an old, lively tradition that hails all the way back from the Fleet Street publishers — though why they did it is anyone's guess! Beat A beat is a journalist's specialty or niche that they cover regularly — think politics, sports, crime, or business. Journalists covering a specific beat will usually have in-depth knowledge and strong connections that help them deliver more insightful and impactful stories. Below the Fold The opposite of above the fold. Below the fold content refers to copy that is only visible after scrolling. This is usually where you'll find additional info on a story, or where less prominent stories are placed. Bounce rate The percentage of visitors who land on a news site or article and leave without clicking further. A high bounce rate often signals that readers aren't finding the content engaging or relevant enough to dive deeper. By analyzing bounce rates, journalists can tweak headlines, content and design to stop readers from hitting the exit button. Breaking Reporting on news in real-time, as it happens. Breaking news usually refers to urgent, high-impact stories like major political events, national disasters, or significant developments in ongoing investigations. Thanks to recent technologies, news can be broken faster than ever before. Journalists out in the field can keep up with fast-paced stories using software like the Trint mobile app. They can instantly capture and transcribe audio right from their phone, then share it with their team on the go to get the story out without delay. Broadcast The distribution of audio or video content via radio, television or the internet. Broadsheet The term broadsheet used to refer to a large-format newspaper known for its broad pages. Now it generally describes any news site covering in-depth stories and providing analysis. Think major news outlets like The New York Times or The Wall Street Journal. Byline The author's name at the top of the article, usually under the headline. C Caption A brief description or explanation that accompanies a photo to provide context, details or a narrative. A good caption should include who or what is depicted, when and where the image was taken, image credit and any other relevant details. Circulation The number of newspaper or magazine copies that land in readers' hands. In the digital age, circulation can be calculated by the unique visitors and page views
100007.txt	2	or explanation that accompanies a photo to provide context, details or a narrative. A good caption should include who or what is depicted, when and where the image was taken, image credit and any other relevant details. Circulation The number of newspaper or magazine copies that land in readers' hands. In the digital age, circulation can be calculated by the unique visitors and page views your online publication racks up. Column A regular article or piece written by a specific writer (called a columnist), often opinion-based. Columns are usually placed in a fixed location within the publication, making them easy for readers to find. Commentator Someone who offers expert opinions and analysis on current events, trends or specific topics. They don't just deliver the facts but add their own sharp insights and opinions. While reporters stick to the who, what, when and where, commentators bring context, interpretation and a (usually) dash of personality to the mix. This helps to give a richer, more nuanced understanding of the news. Copy The written content of an article. Copy desk The department responsible for editing the copy before publication. Copy Editor A person responsible for reviewing and revising the copy for publication. Correspondent A journalist who reports from a remote location rather than the newsroom, often providing on-the-scene coverage. For example, a war correspondent reports directly from the front lines of a conflict. Cover story The spotlight article in a publication. It's designed to be eye-catching and compelling, often covering a major topic, event or issue that the publication wants to highlight. D Dateline A brief line at the beginning of an article that provides the date and location from where the story was reported — e.g. "NEW YORK, Aug. 10". It typically appears above the headline and helps establish context and credibility by showing the origin of the story. Deadline The time by which a journalist must submit their work. Deck Also called a lead, lede, subhead or standfirst. A smaller secondary headline that introduces additional context and offers more insight into the article's content and angle. You'll often find the five Ws — the who, what, when, where and why — of the story covered in the deck or lede. For example: Headline: City Council Approves New Park Deck: The new park will feature playgrounds, sports fields and walking trails, aimed at enhancing community recreation. E Editor-in-Chief The top editor who oversees all editorial content in a publication. They
100007.txt	3	who, what, when, where and why — of the story covered in the deck or lede. For example: Headline: City Council Approves New Park Deck: The new park will feature playgrounds, sports fields and walking trails, aimed at enhancing community recreation. E Editor-in-Chief The top editor who oversees all editorial content in a publication. They're the ultimate decision-maker, steering the direction of the publication and setting the tone for every article, headline and feature. Editorial An article expressing the opinion of the editorial team or stance of a publication on a particular issue. Unlike straightforward news articles that aim to present facts objectively, editorials are opinion-driven and offer insight, analysis or a persuasive argument on current events. Embargo A set deadline that prevents the release of information until a specified time. This tactic keeps the scoop under wraps until the right moment, ensuring that everyone gets the big news at the same time. Evergreen A topic that stays relevant and valuable over time, unlike breaking news, which has a short shelf life. It's the classic, timeless stuff — like how-to guides, historical insights or in-depth features — that doesn't age quickly. Exclusive A story or piece of information that a media outlet secures and publishes before any other news organization. Whether it's a groundbreaking new report, a jaw-dropping interview or an inside scoop, exclusives give your story the edge over other coverage. F Feature A long-form article focusing on a particular topic or story. It often has more of an in-depth narrative than straightforward news pieces, sometimes with a more emotional angle. File To submit copy to an editor ready to be published. Filler No publication wants their pages to look incomplete. Fillers are small, inconsequential articles or elements that are used to fill space. Listicles and good old-fashioned puzzles are common examples. Fixer A local journalist who helps a foreign correspondent arrange a story. Typical roles of a fixer include guiding a journalist around a location and arranging interviews. A fixer may even act as a translator if the journalist doesn't have any kind of translation software. Freedom of Information Act Established in 1967, the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) gives the public the right to request access to certain federal agency records. The USA, Canada, and UK all have localized versions of this. Freelancer A journalist who works on a per-assignment basis rather than being employed full-time by one publication. H Hard
100007.txt	4	Freedom of Information Act Established in 1967, the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) gives the public the right to request access to certain federal agency records. The USA, Canada, and UK all have localized versions of this. Freelancer A journalist who works on a per-assignment basis rather than being employed full-time by one publication. H Hard news News stories that focus on timely, highly consequential topics like politics, economics, crime and weather. Headline The title of an article which summarizes the main point. Hold for orders An article that is written in advance of an event. Picture this. It's election night. The winner has just been announced and your go-to media outlet has released a fully written story within minutes. Ever wondered how? It's a type of article called 'Hold for Orders' (H.F.O) that's written in anticipation of a scheduled event and then put on hold until the time comes to publish it. Often, journalists will write up multiple versions covering each potential outcome so they always have the right one ready. Human interest story A story that focuses on people and their experiences, emotions and personal struggles. I Inverted pyramid A writing style that places the most important information (the five Ws and one H) at the beginning. The middle of the story provides additional details that are helpful but not critical to the understanding of the piece. The final section covers more minor points, a conclusion or a call to action. Investigative journalism In-depth reporting aimed at uncovering the truth. Investigative journalism usually exposes some kind of wrongdoing like corruption, conspiracy or injustice. L Lead (Lede) See deck. Libel The publication of a false statement that damages a person's reputation. It's written defamation, unlike slander, which is spoken words. Journalists can steer clear of libel by rigorously fact-checking, verifying sources and ensuring any published content doesn't unfairly damage someone's reputation. Bear in mind that libel laws differ from country to country, too. M Masthead The section in a newspaper where the publication's details are listed. This includes the title of the publication plus a list of key editorial staff like the editor-in-chief, writers and designers. N News agency An organization that supplies syndicated news to multiple publications. Also known as a wire service, a news agency is the engine room of the news world, collecting and feeding press releases, breaking news, images and more to publications. Associated
100007.txt	5	. This includes the title of the publication plus a list of key editorial staff like the editor-in-chief, writers and designers. N News agency An organization that supplies syndicated news to multiple publications. Also known as a wire service, a news agency is the engine room of the news world, collecting and feeding press releases, breaking news, images and more to publications. Associated Press is among the most notable examples, along with the world's oldest news agency Agence France-Presse (AFP). You can read more about AFP and how they use Trint in our case study here. Nut graf/nut graph A journalism term short for 'nutshell paragraph', the nut graf is a paragraph explaining the core of the story. It usually appears just after the lede. For example: Headline: Local Bakery's "Pay It Forward" Campaign Sparks Community Spirit Lede: A small neighborhood bakery has become the talk of the town after launching a "Pay It Forward" campaign that has locals lining up to spread kindness, one pastry at a time. Nut Graph: What started as a simple idea to cover the cost of a few coffees has blossomed into a heartwarming movement that's touched hundreds of lives. The bakery's initiative is bringing people together and creating a ripple effect of generosity across the community. O Off-the-record When a source shares information with a journalist but doesn't want it published or attributed to them. This allows sources to speak freely without fear of being quoted. Op-ed Short for 'opposite the editorial page'. An opinion piece usually written by someone outside of the editorial team. P Paywall A system that restricts access to premium content on a website until readers pay for a subscription or one-time fee. It's a way for publications and editors to monetize their content. Pitch A proposal for a story, typically made by a journalist to an editor. To learn how to write up a killer pitch and share your story, make sure to read our guide on how to pitch a story to an editor Podcast An audio program available online for streaming or downloading. Podcasts are typically split into episodes and can cover everything from storytelling and serialized dramas to interviews. They can be produced by individuals, media companies or organizations and offer a flexible way for listeners to engage with content on the go. What to learn more? Read our tips for starting a branded podcast. Press conference A media event where newsmakers make statements and answer journalists' questions. Usually conducted by government officials
100007.txt	6	episodes and can cover everything from storytelling and serialized dramas to interviews. They can be produced by individuals, media companies or organizations and offer a flexible way for listeners to engage with content on the go. What to learn more? Read our tips for starting a branded podcast. Press conference A media event where newsmakers make statements and answer journalists' questions. Usually conducted by government officials, sports teams, police or celebrities. Press release An official statement given to journalists by an organization. Pulitzer Prize A prestigious journalism award. Established by newspaper publisher Joseph Pulitzer in 1917, the prize honors outstanding work in categories like investigative reporting, feature writing and commentary. Pull-out quote Also called a pull quote, this is a standout snippet from an article, often set in larger or stylized text, designed to grab attention and highlight a key point. The idea is to pull out a compelling or memorable line, making the content more engaging. Typically these quotes are carefully chosen for their impact, relevance or poignancy. Pundit An authoritative person who is often called upon to offer expert opinions and commentary on current events or specific topics. They're the go-to voice for deep dives and thought-provoking takes on news and trends. Q Quotation (Quote) The repetition of someone's spoken or written words within an article that is cited verbatim. They're used to add authenticity, provide evidence and give a voice to the article. R Retraction A formal statement issued by a publication to correct or withdraw a previously published piece of information. This is usually done when the original content is found to be inaccurate or misleading. Retractions are vital for maintaining credibility and transparency. Running story A news story that is updated in real-time as fresh details emerge, usually during developing or ongoing events. A running story provides readers with the latest information and context. For example, a news outlet might have a running story on a major international crisis, with updates added as the situation unfolds. S Scoop An exclusive story that a reporter or news outlet uncovers and breaks before anyone else. For example, if a journalist uncovers a major political scandal before others, that's a scoop. Shorthand A system of rapid writing used by journalists to quickly transcribe spoken words during interviews or speeches. It uses symbols or abbreviations to effectively capture spoken content word-for-word. Thanks to innovative AI transcription software, shorthand isn't as essential to journalists as it once was. You can read our guide to shorthand to find out
100007.txt	7	political scandal before others, that's a scoop. Shorthand A system of rapid writing used by journalists to quickly transcribe spoken words during interviews or speeches. It uses symbols or abbreviations to effectively capture spoken content word-for-word. Thanks to innovative AI transcription software, shorthand isn't as essential to journalists as it once was. You can read our guide to shorthand to find out more about what shorthand is and how to write in it, as well as a few time-saving modern alternatives. Sidebar A shorter related story that accompanies a main article. It provides additional details, background info or a different perspective. Suppose the main article discusses a major environmental policy change. The sidebar might feature an infographic detailing the policy's impact, a profile of a key advocate or a historical overview of similar policies. This approach is designed to provide readers with a more immersive and comprehensive experience without overshadowing the main narrative. Soft news Stories that entertain or inform, like human interest and lifestyle pieces. Soft news is less urgent than hard news with less emphasis on breaking news or immediate events. Sound bite A term used to describe a short, catchy video or audio excerpt from a speech or interview. It's designed to be memorable and often used in broadcasts to highlight key points. Source A person or document that provides information or data for a story. Sources can be official, like press releases, or informal, like eyewitnesses or experts. Staff Writer A journalist employed full-time by a publication. Stringer A freelance journalist who contributes occasionally to a publication on an as-needed basis. They're not part of the official staff but are hired for specific assignments or to cover stories in their niche. Style guide A set of standards for writing and formatting used by a publication. It can encompass everything from spelling to formatting and design. Many news publications follow AP style but some newsrooms and publications choose to develop their own style guides. Subhead/standfirst See deck. Syndication The distribution of content across multiple media outlets. It allows articles, columns or features to be published in various locations beyond the original publication, reaching a wider audience. T Tabloid A newspaper format that focuses on sensational news and entertainment. While tabloids can cover serious news, they typically present it in a more attention-grabbing, accessible style compared to traditional broadsheets. Think piece An opinion-driven article that explores a topic, issue or trend in depth. It's less about breaking news and more about providing insight, analysis or a fresh perspective, often
100007.txt	8	newspaper format that focuses on sensational news and entertainment. While tabloids can cover serious news, they typically present it in a more attention-grabbing, accessible style compared to traditional broadsheets. Think piece An opinion-driven article that explores a topic, issue or trend in depth. It's less about breaking news and more about providing insight, analysis or a fresh perspective, often reflecting the writer's personal viewpoint or interpretation. Tip A piece of information or lead provided to a journalist that may (or may not) lead to a news story. Tips usually, if not always, need further investigation to verify their validity. Transcription Converting spoken words, such as interviews or speeches, into written text. Transcriptions are written verbatim — right down to the "um"s and "ah"s. You can find out more by checking out our guide 'what is a transcript and what does a transcriber do?'. Translation The process of converting one language to another. Journalists often use a translation service to transcribe and translate an interview so that it can be understood by a wider audience. For example, a journalist covering an international conflict might translate interviews with local residents, eyewitnesses or government officials in their native language. Translation helps capture the raw, unfiltered voices from the heart of the story for readers everywhere. U UGC Short for 'user-generated content', UGC refers to any form of content — such as text, videos, images, reviews or social media posts — created by readers or customers rather than brands or professional creators. In journalism, UGC adds flavor and authenticity to stories with real-world voices and firsthand accounts straight from the source. It's important for journalists to verify UGC before publishing. V Vox pop A broadcast journalism term short for vox populi (meaning voice of the people). Vox pops are short video interviews with members of the public, typically used to gauge public opinion. Y Yellow journalism Sensationalized or exaggerated news to attract readers. In the UK, yellow journalism is referred to as tabloid journalism. Think those magazines you see by the grocery store checkout. Wrapping your head around journalism terms and newspaper terms can be a challenge. Keeping this glossary on hand will help you quickly navigate the lingo and stay on top of your game. Want to supercharge your newsroom workflows and make researching, writing and publishing a breeze? Trint can transcribe video, audio and voice recordings to text with up to 99% accuracy. In just a few minutes
100007.txt	9	journalism terms and newspaper terms can be a challenge. Keeping this glossary on hand will help you quickly navigate the lingo and stay on top of your game. Want to supercharge your newsroom workflows and make researching, writing and publishing a breeze? Trint can transcribe video, audio and voice recordings to text with up to 99% accuracy. In just a few minutes you'll have a full transcript ready to review and edit. It's a must-have for any journalist's toolkit. Find out more about Trint for newsrooms and start your free trial or request a demo.
100008.txt	0	--- title: 10 literary fiction audiobooks narrated by their authors date: 2022-02-09 --- Think about who narrates your favorite fiction audiobooks. How often is it the author? I'm willing to bet the answer is: not very. Because writing books and performing books aloud are very different skill sets, voice actors typically narrate audiobooks. It's not terribly uncommon for authors to read memoirs and nonfiction works. For example, I narrate all my own audiobooks, and a key reason is that so many readers know my voice from my podcast. You can bet I'm not the only one who reads her own work for this reason! But it remains rare for authors to narrate their own novels. That's why I'm always intrigued when authors narrate their own novels for the audiobook edition. It's a unique joy to listen to a wonderful novel, narrated exactly as the author herself envisioned. Over the last year I happened to listen to a handful of wonderful audiobooks narrated by their authors. The first few listens were accidental, and then I began to seek them out. Some of the authors mentioned in today's book list narrate most, if not all, of their own work, whereas others have only narrated the one. In keeping with our 2022 philosophy of shorter book lists, we're focusing on literary fiction today. But there are plenty of fiction authors of all genres who narrate their own work. We hope you'll share your favorites in the comments. If you're interested, we'll share more author-narrated works by genre in the future, and chiming in with your favorite author-read audiobooks helps us share more great books with you. 10 powerful works of literary fiction narrated by their authors Some links (including all Amazon links) are affiliate links. More details here. This wistful and often sad story about marriage, happiness, and family centers around the thirty-year marriage between Graham and Annie. Graham owns a bookstore, and much of the couples' life revolves around bookstore events (they meet at an author event!). Early in the book—this is not a spoiler—Graham suddenly dies. During the following year a grieving Annie reflects on their life together, in the process tripping over new information about him and their marriage, causing her to question the very foundations of their relationship. 10 hours 54 minutes. More info → Erdrich based her Pulitzer-winning novel on the life of her
100008.txt	1	in the book—this is not a spoiler—Graham suddenly dies. During the following year a grieving Annie reflects on their life together, in the process tripping over new information about him and their marriage, causing her to question the very foundations of their relationship. 10 hours 54 minutes. More info → Erdrich based her Pulitzer-winning novel on the life of her own grandfather, a Chippewa Council member who worked as a night watchman and who traveled from rural North Dakota to Washington, D.C. to fight against Native dispossession of their tribal lands. In the story's most suspenseful storyline, the night watchman's niece sets out for Minneapolis to find her sister, who is widely believed to be in danger. The story is beautifully, lovingly drawn: I was enraptured, and rooting so hard for these characters. Erdrich has now narrated five of her own novels; her work is wonderful in that format. 13 hours 32 minutes. More info → This moving and funny story portrays three generations of women trying to find love on their own terms. When nine year old Swiv is expelled from school for fighting, she starts spending her days with her frail grandmother who has an unconventional approach to at-home schooling. She tasks Swiv with writing letters to her absent father, who seems to have abandoned his daughter and pregnant wife—and in these letters, a book's worth of complex family history and present struggles is revealed. A bighearted novel with an undercurrent of sadness, with wisdom far beyond its 9-year-old narrator's years. Toews also performed the audiobook for her 2017 work A Complicated Kindness. 6 hours 19 minutes. More info → The plot of Kingsolver's 2012 novel revolves around climate change, and a young Tennessee woman and a butterfly colony who both stray from their typical flight paths. When Dellarobia sees something inexplicable in nature, her experience stokes tension between religious leaders, scientists, politicians, and climate change experts with different views on what exactly she witnessed. Suspenseful and page-turning, I thought this finely crafted novel had many wonderful moments and an unsatisfying ending—which would make it perfect for a book club discussion. Though it's unusual for novelists to read their own work, Kingsolver's lyrical voice perfectly suits her prose. 16 hours 56 minutes. More info → Many call this the best book they ever read. Hosseini's critically acclaimed, bestselling novel is about an unlikely friendship

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