id stringlengths 20 52 | source stringclasses 1 value | messages listlengths 2 2 |
|---|---|---|
ultramedical_MedQA,0 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 23-year-old pregnant woman at 22 weeks gestation presents with burning upon urination. She states it started 1 day ago and has been worsening despite drinking more water and taking cranberry extract. She otherwise feels well and is followed by a doctor for her pregnancy. Her ... |
ultramedical_MedQA,2 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A mother brings her 3-week-old infant to the pediatrician's office because she is concerned about his feeding habits. He was born without complications and has not had any medical problems up until this time. However, for the past 4 days, he has been fussy, is regurgitating all... |
ultramedical_MedQA,3 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A pulmonary autopsy specimen from a 58-year-old woman who died of acute hypoxic respiratory failure was examined. She had recently undergone surgery for a fractured femur 3 months ago. Initial hospital course was uncomplicated, and she was discharged to a rehab facility in good... |
ultramedical_MedQA,4 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 20-year-old woman presents with menorrhagia for the past several years. She says that her menses “have always been heavy”, and she has experienced easy bruising for as long as she can remember. Family history is significant for her mother, who had similar problems with bruisi... |
ultramedical_MedQA,5 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 40-year-old zookeeper presents to the emergency department complaining of severe abdominal pain that radiates to her back, and nausea. The pain started 2 days ago and slowly increased until she could not tolerate it any longer. Past medical history is significant for hyperten... |
ultramedical_MedQA,6 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 25-year-old primigravida presents to her physician for a routine prenatal visit. She is at 34 weeks gestation, as confirmed by an ultrasound examination. She has no complaints, but notes that the new shoes she bought 2 weeks ago do not fit anymore. The course of her pregnancy... |
ultramedical_MedQA,7 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 3900-g (8.6-lb) male infant is delivered at 39 weeks' gestation via spontaneous vaginal delivery. Pregnancy and delivery were uncomplicated but a prenatal ultrasound at 20 weeks showed a defect in the pleuroperitoneal membrane. Further evaluation of this patient is most likel... |
ultramedical_MedQA,8 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 62-year-old woman presents for a regular check-up. She complains of lightheadedness and palpitations which occur episodically. Past medical history is significant for a myocardial infarction 6 months ago and NYHA class II chronic heart failure. She also was diagnosed with gra... |
ultramedical_MedQA,9 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 35-year-old male presents to his primary care physician with complaints of seasonal allergies. He has been using intranasal vasoconstrictors several times per day for several weeks. What is a likely sequela of the chronic use of topical nasal decongestants?\n\nA. Epistaxis\nB... |
ultramedical_MedQA,10 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 46-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 2-week history of diplopia and ocular pain when reading the newspaper. She also has a 3-month history of amenorrhea, hot flashes, and increased sweating. She reports that she has been overweight all her adult life and is h... |
ultramedical_MedQA,11 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 1-year-old boy presents to the emergency department with weakness and a change in his behavior. His parents state that they first noticed the change in his behavior this morning and it has been getting worse. They noticed the patient was initially weak in his upper body and a... |
ultramedical_MedQA,12 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 9-month-old female is brought to the emergency department after experiencing a seizure. She was born at home and was normal at birth according to her parents. Since then, they have noticed that she does not appear to be achieving developmental milestones as quickly as her sib... |
ultramedical_MedQA,13 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 23-year-old man comes to the physician for evaluation of decreased hearing, dizziness, and ringing in his right ear for the past 6 months. Physical examination shows multiple soft, yellow plaques and papules on his arms, chest, and back. There is sensorineural hearing loss an... |
ultramedical_MedQA,14 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 62-year-old woman comes to the physician because of coughing and fatigue during the past 2 years. In the morning, the cough is productive of white phlegm. She becomes short of breath walking up a flight of stairs. She has hypertension and hyperlipidemia. She has recently reti... |
ultramedical_MedQA,15 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 68-year-old man presents to the emergency department with leg pain. He states that the pain started suddenly while he was walking outside. The patient has a past medical history of diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and atrial fibrillation. His temperature is 99.3°F (37.4°C), b... |
ultramedical_MedQA,16 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 76-year-old African American man presents to his primary care provider complaining of urinary frequency. He wakes up 3-4 times per night to urinate while he previously only had to wake up once per night. He also complains of post-void dribbling and difficulty initiating a str... |
ultramedical_MedQA,17 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 68-year-old man comes to the physician because of recurrent episodes of nausea and abdominal discomfort for the past 4 months. The discomfort is located in the upper abdomen and sometimes occurs after eating, especially after a big meal. He has tried to go for a walk after di... |
ultramedical_MedQA,18 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 27-year-old female presents to general medical clinic for a routine checkup. She has a genetic disease marked by a mutation in a chloride transporter. She has a history of chronic bronchitis. She has a brother with a similar history of infections as well as infertility. Which... |
ultramedical_MedQA,19 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A previously healthy 36-year-old man comes to the physician for a yellow discoloration of his skin and dark-colored urine for 2 weeks. He does not drink any alcohol. Physical examination shows jaundice. Abdominal and neurologic examinations show no abnormalities. Serum studies ... |
ultramedical_MedQA,20 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 69-year-old male presents to the emergency room with back pain. He has a history of personality disorder and metastatic prostate cancer and was not a candidate for surgical resection. He began chemotherapy but discontinued due to unremitting nausea. He denies any bowel or bla... |
ultramedical_MedQA,21 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "An investigator is studying the function of the lateral nucleus of the hypothalamus in an experimental animal. Using a viral vector, the genes encoding chloride-conducting channelrhodopsins are injected into this nucleus. Photostimulation of the channels causes complete inhibit... |
ultramedical_MedQA,22 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 52-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 6-month history of generalized fatigue, low-grade fever, and a 10-kg (22-lb) weight loss. Physical examination shows generalized pallor and splenomegaly. Her hemoglobin concentration is 7.5 g/dL and leukocyte count is 41,8... |
ultramedical_MedQA,23 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 42-year-old woman is in the hospital recovering from a cholecystectomy performed 3 days ago that was complicated by cholangitis. She is being treated with IV piperacillin-tazobactam. She calls the nurse to her room because she says that her heart is racing. She also demands t... |
ultramedical_MedQA,24 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 48-year-old woman comes to the emergency department because of a photosensitive blistering rash on her hands, forearms, and face for 3 weeks. The lesions are not itchy. She has also noticed that her urine has been dark brown in color recently. Twenty years ago, she was succes... |
ultramedical_MedQA,26 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 5-year-old girl is brought to the clinic by her mother for excessive hair growth. Her mother reports that for the past 2 months she has noticed hair at the axillary and pubic areas. She denies any family history of precocious puberty and reports that her daughter has been rel... |
ultramedical_MedQA,28 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 63-year-old woman presents to her primary-care doctor for a 2-month history of vision changes, specifically citing the gradual onset of double vision. Her double vision is present all the time and does not get better or worse throughout the day. She has also noticed that she ... |
ultramedical_MedQA,29 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "An investigator is studying the modification of newly formed polypeptides in plated eukaryotic cells. After the polypeptides are released from the ribosome, a chemically-tagged protein attaches covalently to lysine residues on the polypeptide chain, forming a modified polypepti... |
ultramedical_MedQA,30 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 38-year-old man presents to his physician with double vision persisting for a week. When he enters the exam room, the physician notes that the patient has a broad-based gait. The man’s wife informs the doctor that he has been an alcoholic for the last 5 years and his consumpt... |
ultramedical_MedQA,31 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 69-year-old man is brought by his son to the emergency department with weakness in his right arm and leg. The man insists that he is fine and blames his son for \"creating panic\". Four hours ago the patient was having tea with his wife when he suddenly dropped his teacup. He... |
ultramedical_MedQA,32 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 70-year-old man presents to a medical clinic reporting blood in his urine and lower abdominal pain for the past few days. He is also concerned about urinary frequency and urgency. He states that he recently completed a cycle of chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Which med... |
ultramedical_MedQA,33 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 27-year-old man presents to the emergency department after a dog bite. The patient was intoxicated and pulled the dog’s tail while it was eating. The dog belongs to his friend and is back at his friend’s house currently. Physical exam is notable for a dog bite on the patient’... |
ultramedical_MedQA,34 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 19-year-old woman, accompanied by her parents, presents after a one-week history of abnormal behavior, delusions, and unusual aggression. She denies fever, seizures or illicit drug use. Family history is negative for psychiatric illnesses. She was started on risperidone and s... |
ultramedical_MedQA,35 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 35-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 1-month history of double vision, difficulty climbing stairs, and weakness when trying to brush her hair. She reports that these symptoms are worse after she exercises and disappear after she rests for a few hours. Physica... |
ultramedical_MedQA,36 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 6-year-old male who recently immigrated to the United States from Asia is admitted to the hospital with dyspnea. Physical exam reveals a gray pseudomembrane in the patient's oropharynx along with lymphadenopathy. The patient develops myocarditis and expires on hospital day 5.... |
ultramedical_MedQA,37 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 12-year-old boy who recently emigrated from Pakistan presents with fever, muscle pain, and weakness of the trunk, abdomen, and legs. The patient’s mother says that he has not been vaccinated. Physical examination reveals fasciculation and flaccid paralysis of the lower limbs.... |
ultramedical_MedQA,38 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A researcher is studying the properties of an enzyme that adds phosphate groups to glucose. She discovers that the enzyme is present in most body tissues and is located in the cytoplasm of the cells expressing the enzyme. She decides to mix this enzyme under subphysiologic cond... |
ultramedical_MedQA,39 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 31-year-old G2P2 female at 40 weeks gestation presents to the hospital following a rush of water that came from her vagina. She is 4 cm dilated and 80% effaced. Fetal heart tracing shows a pulse of 155/min with variable decelerations. About 12 hours after presentation, she gi... |
ultramedical_MedQA,40 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 43-year-old woman presents to the emergency department complaining of palpitations, dry cough, and shortness of breath for 1 week. She immigrated to the United States from Korea at the age of 20. She says that her heart is racing and she has never felt these symptoms before. ... |
ultramedical_MedQA,41 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A male neonate is being examined by a pediatrician. His mother informs the doctor that she had a mild fever with rash, muscle pain, and swollen and tender lymph nodes during the second month of gestation. The boy was born at 39 weeks gestation via spontaneous vaginal delivery w... |
ultramedical_MedQA,42 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 4-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his parents. He is lethargic and confused and has a severe headache, vomiting, and a high-grade fever since earlier that day. His mother reports that the child was doing well until 2 days ago when he developed a fever a... |
ultramedical_MedQA,43 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 66-year-old woman with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is brought to the emergency department because of fever, body aches, malaise, and a dry cough. She has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for 30 years but quit smoking 1 year ago. She lives with her daughter and he... |
ultramedical_MedQA,44 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 38-year-old woman undergoes hemithyroidectomy for treatment of localized, well-differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma. The lesion is removed with clear margins. However, during the surgery, a structure lying directly adjacent to the superior thyroid artery at the upper po... |
ultramedical_MedQA,45 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 27-year-old man presents to the emergency room with persistent fever, nausea, and vomiting for the past 3 days. While waiting to be seen, he quickly becomes disoriented and agitated. Upon examination, he has visible signs of difficulty breathing with copious oral secretions a... |
ultramedical_MedQA,46 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 21-year-old man presents to the emergency department after sustaining a stab wound to the neck at a local farmer's market. The patient is otherwise healthy and is complaining of pain. The patient is able to offer the history himself. His temperature is 97.6°F (36.4°C), blood ... |
ultramedical_MedQA,47 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 13-year-old girl presents to a medical office for the evaluation of a lump on the front of her neck. The patient denies pain, but states that the mass bothers her because “it moves when I swallow”. The physical examination reveals a midline neck mass that is above the hyoid b... |
ultramedical_MedQA,48 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 35-year-old woman with a history of Crohn disease presents for a follow-up appointment. She says that lately, she has started to notice difficulty walking. She says that some of her friends have joked that she appears to be walking as if she was drunk. Past medical history is... |
ultramedical_MedQA,49 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 23-year-old G1 at 10 weeks gestation based on her last menstrual period is brought to the emergency department by her husband due to sudden vaginal bleeding. She says that she has mild lower abdominal cramps and is feeling dizzy and weak. Her blood pressure is 100/60 mm Hg, t... |
ultramedical_MedQA,50 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "An 8-month-old boy is brought to a medical office by his mother. The mother states that the boy has been very fussy and has not been feeding recently. The mother thinks the baby has been gaining weight despite not feeding well. The boy was delivered vaginally at 39 weeks gestat... |
ultramedical_MedQA,51 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 60-year-old man seeks evaluation at a medical office due to leg pain while walking. He says the pain starts in his buttocks and extends to his thighs and down to his calves. Previously, the pain resolved with rest, but the pain now persists in his feet, even during rest. His ... |
ultramedical_MedQA,52 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 52-year-old man presents to the emergency department with chest pain radiating to his left jaw and arm. He states that he had experienced similar symptoms when playing basketball. The medical history is significant for diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and GERD, for which he t... |
ultramedical_MedQA,53 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 28-year-old woman is brought to the hospital by her boyfriend. She has had three days of fever and headache followed by one day of worsening confusion and hallucinations. She also becomes agitated when offered water. Her temperature is 101°F (38.3°C). Two months prior to pres... |
ultramedical_MedQA,54 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 60-year-old man comes to the physician for an examination prior to a scheduled cholecystectomy. He has hypertension treated with hydrochlorothiazide. His mother had chronic granulomatous disease of the lung. He works in a glass manufacturing plant. He has smoked two packs of ... |
ultramedical_MedQA,55 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "You are examining a 3-day-old newborn who was delivered vaginally without any complications. The newborn presents with vomiting, hyperventilation, lethargy, and seizures. Blood work demonstrates hyperammonemia, elevated glutamine levels, and decreased blood urea nitrogen. A CT ... |
ultramedical_MedQA,56 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 48-year-old man with HIV comes to the physician because of skin lesions over his face and neck for 2 weeks. They are not itchy or painful. He does not have fever or a sore throat. He was treated for candidal esophagitis 3 months ago. He is sexually active with his wife, who k... |
ultramedical_MedQA,57 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 55-year-old man comes to the physician because of fatigue and worsening abdominal pain for 4 weeks. He also reports excessive night sweats and a 5.4-kg (12-lb) weight loss during this time. He has a neck swelling for 4 days. Physical examination shows a nontender, enlarged, a... |
ultramedical_MedQA,58 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 26-year-old G1P0 woman at 32-weeks gestation presents for follow-up ultrasound. She was diagnosed with gestational diabetes during her second trimester, but admits to poor glucose control and non-adherence to insulin therapy. Fetal ultrasound reveals an asymmetric, enlarged i... |
ultramedical_MedQA,59 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A recent study attempted to analyze whether increased \"patient satisfaction\" driven healthcare resulted in increased hospitalization. In this hospital, several of the wards adopted new aspects of \"patient satisfaction\" driven healthcare, whereas the remainder of the hospita... |
ultramedical_MedQA,60 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A new screening test utilizing a telemedicine approach to diagnosing diabetic retinopathy has been implemented in a diabetes clinic. An ophthalmologist’s exam was also performed on all patients as the gold standard for diagnosis. In a pilot study of 500 patients, the screening ... |
ultramedical_MedQA,61 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A healthy 22-year-old male participates in a research study you are leading to compare the properties of skeletal and cardiac muscle. You conduct a 3-phased experiment with the participant. In the first phase, you get him to lift up a 2.3 kg (5 lb) weight off a table with his l... |
ultramedical_MedQA,62 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 20-year-old male comes into your office two days after falling during a pick up basketball game. The patient states that the lateral aspect of his knee collided with another player's knee. On exam, the patient's right knee appears the same size as his left knee without any sw... |
ultramedical_MedQA,63 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 4-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of swelling around his eyes for 4 days. The swelling is most severe in the morning and milder by bedtime. Ten days ago, he had a sore throat that resolved spontaneously. His temperature is 37°C (98.6°F), pulse is 103/min, and... |
ultramedical_MedQA,64 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "An 18-year-old man comes to the clinic with his mom for “pins and needles” of both of his arms. He denies any past medical history besides a recent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear that was repaired 1 week ago. The patient reports that the paresthesias are mostly located a... |
ultramedical_MedQA,65 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 9-year-old girl is resuscitated after the administration of an erroneous dose of intravenous phenytoin for recurrent seizures. This incident is reported to the authorities. A thorough investigation reveals various causative factors leading to the event. One important finding ... |
ultramedical_MedQA,66 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "You are the team physician for an NBA basketball team. On the morning of an important playoff game, an EKG of a star player, Mr. P, shows findings suspicious for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Mr. P is an otherwise healthy, fit, professional athlete.\n\nThe playoff game tha... |
ultramedical_MedQA,67 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 37-year-old woman presents to the emergency department complaining of generalized malaise, weakness, headache, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea; she last felt well roughly two days ago. She is otherwise healthy, and takes no medications. Her vital signs are: T 38.0, HR 96 beats... |
ultramedical_MedQA,69 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 51-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 1-day history of right flank pain and bloody urine. Over the past 2 weeks, she has also developed progressive lower extremity swelling and a 3-kg (7-lb) weight gain. She has a history of chronic hepatitis B infection, whic... |
ultramedical_MedQA,70 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 57-year-old man comes to the physician for a follow-up evaluation of chronic, retrosternal chest pain. The pain is worse at night and after heavy meals. He has taken oral pantoprazole for several months without any relief of his symptoms. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy shows ulce... |
ultramedical_MedQA,71 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 37-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 6-month history of weight loss, bloating, and diarrhea. She does not smoke or drink alcohol. Her vital signs are within normal limits. She is 173 cm (5 ft 8 in) tall and weighs 54 kg (120 lb); BMI is 18 kg/m2. Physical exa... |
ultramedical_MedQA,72 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 52-year-old man presents for a routine checkup. Past medical history is remarkable for stage 1 systemic hypertension and hepatitis A infection diagnosed 10 years ago. He takes aspirin, rosuvastatin, enalapril daily, and a magnesium supplement every once in a while. He is plan... |
ultramedical_MedQA,73 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 31-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1, at 32 weeks' gestation comes to the emergency department for sudden leakage of clear vaginal fluid. Her pregnancy has been uncomplicated. Her first child was born at term by vaginal delivery. She has no history of serious illness. She doe... |
ultramedical_MedQA,74 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 16-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department by her friends who say that she took a whole bottle of her mom’s medication. They do not know which medication it was she ingested. The patient is slipping in and out of consciousness and is unable to offer any history. ... |
ultramedical_MedQA,75 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 68-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department because of fever, productive cough, and dyspnea for 3 days. She has had upper back pain for 3 months, which is worse after activity. She takes ibuprofen for pain relief. She has no history of smoking. The temperature is... |
ultramedical_MedQA,76 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 22-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with a 2-day history of severe blistering. She says that she woke up 2 days ago with a number of painful blisters in her mouth and has since been continuing to develop blisters of her cutaneous skin all over her body and ... |
ultramedical_MedQA,77 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A 3-week-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his parents because of a 3-day history of progressive lethargy and difficulty feeding. He was born at term and did not have difficulty feeding previously. His temperature is 39.4°C (103°F), pulse is 220/min, respiration... |
ultramedical_MedQA,78 | ultramedical | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "A previously healthy 10-year-old boy is brought to the emergency room by his mother 5 hours after the onset of abdominal pain and nausea. Over the past 2 weeks, he has also had progressive abdominal pain and a 4-kg (8.8-lb) weight loss. The mother reports that her son has been ... |
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